CN104550730A - Gypsum mould casting process - Google Patents
Gypsum mould casting process Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104550730A CN104550730A CN201410644711.2A CN201410644711A CN104550730A CN 104550730 A CN104550730 A CN 104550730A CN 201410644711 A CN201410644711 A CN 201410644711A CN 104550730 A CN104550730 A CN 104550730A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- gypsum
- wax
- reinforcing
- mould
- plastering
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a gypsum mould casting process which comprises the following steps: (1) preparing a gypsum mould: comprising moulding, correcting, primarily reinforcing and totally reinforcing; (2) drying and roasting: charging the prepared gypsum mould, heating to 120-200 DEG C at the speed of 10-20 DEG C/h, then raising the temperature to 250-300 DEG C at the speed of 1-10 DEG C/h, then raising the temperature to 350-400 DEG C at the speed of 1-5 DEG C/h and finally raising the temperature to 650-700 DEG C at the speed of 2-10 DEG C/h, and after furnace cooling for 20-24 hours, entering into the next step; and (3) smelting and pouring: selecting a smelting furnace according to the smelting amount for quickly smelting a metal material and raising the temperature of the metal material and meanwhile maintaining the roasting temperature of a casting ladle at 300-400 DEG C and then pouring the molten metal into the roasted gypsum mould in the step (2) by using the casting ladle. The gypsum mould is adopted, so that not only can the cost be lowered, but also the problem of poor air permeability and sand crack of the gypsum can be further solved. The gypsum mould casting process is wide in application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of pouring forming technology, specifically a kind of plaster casting technique.
Background technology
Gypsum is in B.C. 25-35 century, and gypsum is used as construction material by ancient Egyptian, and constantly use between development and application to nineteen twenty, technique further develops formation production scale, develops in gold-silver ornaments industry in method, Yi Deng state.American-European, day factory of various countries and workshop in, gypsum mould is used widely as a kind of method of Art Casting and is developed so far.
Plaster casting is a kind of Special Processes of Metal Castings technique, it refers to that being cast to metallic solution with gypsum is a kind of casting method in the casting mold made of base-material, having can high, the complex-shaped non-ferrous casting of casting surface precision, the advantages such as the rear easily cleaning of cast, are usually used in the Making mold of non-ferrous metal.
, there is following problem in plaster casting: the main material in gypsum mould compound powder is more expensive, and casting cost is high; There is gas permeability low, shrink large, the slow easily shrinkage depression of thick large part heat radiation, the feature such as easily produce pore, pin hole, cold shut, sand split.These problems greatly limit the range of application of plaster casting.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of cost low, apply wide plaster casting technique.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides following technical scheme:
A kind of plaster casting technique, comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of gypsum mould: comprise molding, correction, just reinforce, always reinforce;
(2) oven dry and roasting: by the gypsum mould shove charge prepared, with the heating rate of 10-20 DEG C/h to 120-200 DEG C, then 250-300 DEG C is warmed up to the speed of 1-10 DEG C/h, 350-400 DEG C is warmed up to again with the speed of 1-5 DEG C/h, finally be warmed up to 650-700 DEG C with the speed of 2-10 DEG C/h, carry out subsequent processing with after stove cooling 20-24h;
(3) melting and cast: select smelting furnace according to melt, carries out rapid melting and the intensification of metal charge, keeps casting ladle to dry warm 300-400 DEG C simultaneously, then adopts casting ladle by pouring metal melt in the roasting gypsum mould of step (2).
As the further scheme of the present invention: according to the classification of model, the preparation of described gypsum mould is divided into four kinds of techniques:
1) clay sculpture: die sinking, gypsum submodule processed, correction, die sinking, go out wax-pattern, repair wax-pattern, Plastering, reinforcing, shove charge;
2) clay sculpture and wax pattern hybrid guided mode: decompose design, inserted sheet segmentation, Plastering, just reinforce, form removal cleaning, assembled formation, external form paste wax, inner core processed, Plastering, always reinforce, shove charge;
3) wooden wax pattern is mixed: decomposition design, releasing agent, outer Plastering, just reinforcing, form removal are cleared up, combine subsides wax, running gate system, applied inner core gypsum, always reinforcing, shove charge;
4) large-scale tripod class: design planning, molded in place, meticulous mold, comprehensive examination, Plastering external form, first reinforcing, inner core cleaning, subsides wax wall, running gate system, Plastering, total reinforcing, shove charge on the spot.
As the further scheme of the present invention: described gypsum mould comprises α gypsum 20-45%, 12/40 order gypsum mould antiquated sand 10-50% according to the raw material of percentage by weight, alumina cement 10-25%, bauxite 10-20%, 12/40 order do not come sand 0-40%, 8/20 order quartz sand 0-40%, coal dust 0-5%, starch 0-4%, brown iron oxide 0-2% and calcium oxide 0.1-2%.
As the further scheme of the present invention: described just reinforcing is when the outer Plastering of every block mould, reinforcing bar is put in inside makes gypsum dress strike up partnership, described total reinforcing is after gypsum pattern is hard, all gypsum patterns are taken apart, entirety is pieced together by the docking port of former molding, die joint will fit seamless, adopts reinforcing bar that each gypsum mould module is welded into one, until whole firm welding.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: technique is simple, easy to operate; Duplicating is good, expands while gypsum crystallization, and energy micro-small features decorative pattern of filled model and the concavo-convex clear of 0.2mm interval cast out; The temperature diffusivity of gypsum is low, and cool time is longer than sand mold 3-6 times, and highly beneficial to cast, the wall thickness being as thin as 0.5mm all can cast out; Collapsibility is good, particularly favourable for thin thin Complex Parts, and sand removal is convenient does not damage foundry goods again; With short production cycle, the large bronze statue of about 2m can monoblock cast, and the time is short; Adopt gypsum mould antiquated sand to reduce costs, poor air permeability and the sand that can solve again gypsum split problem, applied range.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the first reinforcing schematic diagram of gypsum mould;
Fig. 2 is the reinforcing sectional structure chart of gypsum mould;
Fig. 3 is total reinforcing schematic diagram of gypsum mould;
Fig. 4 is the roaster structural representation of gypsum mould;
Fig. 5 is the modifying device figure of plaster casting;
In figure: 1-gas burner, 2-gas pipe, 3-secondary air channel, 4-gasburner, 5, observation panel.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
In the embodiment of the present invention, a kind of plaster casting technique, comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of gypsum mould: comprise molding, correction, just reinforce, always reinforce;
(2) oven dry and roasting: by the gypsum mould shove charge prepared, with the heating rate of 10-20 DEG C/h to 120-200 DEG C, then 250-300 DEG C is warmed up to the speed of 1-10 DEG C/h, 350-400 DEG C is warmed up to again with the speed of 1-5 DEG C/h, finally be warmed up to 650-700 DEG C with the speed of 2-10 DEG C/h, carry out subsequent processing with after stove cooling 20-24h;
(3) melting and cast: select smelting furnace according to melt, carries out rapid melting and the intensification of metal charge, keeps casting ladle to dry warm 300-400 DEG C simultaneously, then adopts casting ladle by pouring metal melt in the roasting gypsum mould of step (2).
According to the classification of model, described step (1) is divided into four kinds of techniques:
1) clay sculpture: die sinking, gypsum submodule processed, correction, die sinking, go out wax-pattern, repair wax-pattern, Plastering, reinforcing, shove charge; Be applicable to more than one piece number sculpture, specific as follows: A analyzes submodule sculpture: how segmentation piecemeal, the independent molding of which parts, pull line after determining, the parts needing to lift down, carry out line cutting and butted line, then carry out molding, make by loose piece mould making process; B carries out brush wax and fills with was moulding, according to the size of sculpture, wall thickness is determined with brush wax or subsides wax, during brush was moulding, inside needs Plastering and timber, can take apart after being convenient to wax-pattern assembled formation, again the wax-pattern of piecemeal is combined into one piece, and after the inner Join of the cere of combination is firm, remove former, expose wax-pattern original shape; C is with reference to submodule, wax-pattern is placed under repair, mends wax, correct dislocation, distortion, the sculpture parts cutting off independent molding, as the base part of hand, flower, pocket, assembly welding to sculpture goes, become as a whole wax pattern sculpture, wax pattern is installed running gate system, rising head, stream wax mouth, fabrication hole etc., then proceeds to next procedure;
2) clay sculpture and wax pattern hybrid guided mode: decompose design, inserted sheet segmentation, Plastering, just reinforce, form removal cleaning, assembled formation, external form paste wax, inner core processed, Plastering, always reinforce, shove charge; Be applicable to single-piece, and with short production cycle, specific as follows: A designs segmentation, piecemeal, fabrication hole inserted sheet, and some parts is as hand and supporting piece, complex region, and need first to turn over gypsum silica gel processed mould alive, then molding is shaping in addition, makes wax-pattern, casts the recombinant welding of copper; The arrangement of B running gate system, the running gate system of small-sized foundry goods is installed in shape, and remaining is generally all arranged on internal mold; It is shaping that C applies slurry, first spary releasing agent, then Plastering, adopts reinforcing bar inserted sheet mode to reinforce; But piecemeal can not be affected and play matched moulds; D presses method of partition form removal, after pulling down, mud and skeleton reinforcing steel bar is taken away, and with cleaning hydraulic giant, palm brush, surface is arranged totally, and attention must not damaging surface decorative pattern etc., places under repair into former state to damaged location; E carries out sectional the piecemeal cleaned out and repair, and then reinforce, piecemeal die welding is become as a whole together, the joint close of piecemeal combination is repaired, brush wax is carried out to the segmented model of assembling completion or pastes soft wax, reaching the thickness of required product, dress running gate system carries out Plastering sand or grouting, adopt reinforcing bar to carry out inside and outside connection, reinforce and apply slurry, treat roasting;
3) wooden wax pattern is mixed: decomposition design, releasing agent, outer Plastering, just reinforcing, form removal are cleared up, combine subsides wax, running gate system, applied inner core gypsum, always reinforcing, shove charge, be applicable to large-scale stand, Fang Ding, the large components such as long incense burner, specific as follows: A presses figure paper size slightly scaling water, make the wooden loose tool of 1:1, again by the pattern of product, word, decorative pattern (wax) is pasted to get on to place under repair by size grid, by pattern, word, single-piece clay sculpture first carried out by the drawing of decorative pattern, plaster mold, Silicon moulds, computer word etc., required patterned member is repaiied brush wax-pattern processed out, mould is pasted for repairing, this mould is carried out an acceptance inspection, after acceptance(check), clean, brush releasing agent, by the large subsection of technique, piecemeal, running gate system is installed, dress stream wax mouth on internal mold, fabrication hole, technology nail, reserve position, then Plastering sand makes external form, first reinforcing, B pulls down forming moulding bed wooden mould bases from the outer mould of Plastering sand, removes template, then patch formation model, paste wax and do wall thickness, the Plastering of dress running gate system inner core is always reinforced,
4) large-scale tripod class: design planning, molded in place, meticulous mold, comprehensive examination, Plastering external form, first reinforcing, inner core cleaning, subsides wax wall, running gate system, Plastering, total reinforcing, shove charge on the spot, be applicable to Large circular tripod, large-scale loud clock, use brandreth iron plate, sweep forming method is made by figure paper size, specific as follows: A rings clock, the large clock such as to get on the bus at mud, turn over gypsum processed outer former alive again, carry out brush wax, thickness is indefinite, apply mould gypsum skeleton and fix wax-pattern, remove outer former again, wax-pattern out after, word is pasted again on wax-pattern clock body, dress pattern line, make wax pattern accessory in advance, dress copper Pu jail, this Pu jail is that single casting is in advance good, after integral forming, dress running gate system, carry out Plastering mortar external form, steel after reinforcing fell great bell external mold, to inner mold process, remove the plaster slab layer support in great bell, random for former one deck brushed wax layer is removed or heated and dissolves away, wash after sweeping clean repairing, soft wax attaching is carried out by the thick relief of carrying out of design clock body wall, reach standard wall thickness, inner core separates with after resin moulding, external form shove charge roasting, the tripod that B is large, diameter is more than two meters, the profile of ancient cooking vessel got on the bus into by type processed at mud on the spot, size makees model according to subtracting wall thickness dimension than actual ancient cooking vessel profile, object reserves thickness for pasting wax, wax stick be just in time ancient cooking vessel need thickness size dimension, this clay sculpture is moulded 1/8 or 1/6 decorative pattern, pattern, turn over die sinking and carry out brush wax again, thickness is up to standard, treat that wax-pattern is attached to car 1/8 or 1/6 wax-pattern and becomes on clay sculpture before not having complete cold foot, several piece is pasted as a whole, comprehensive inspection decorative pattern, pattern, whether font is symmetrical, lines are straight, contrast layout design scheme etc., after qualified by inspection, Plastering mortar is shaping again, preliminary reinforcing, inner core technique is by the complete rear total reinforcing of flow implementation, brickwork roasting.
Refer to Fig. 1-3, the reinforcement process of plaster casting: be made as example with what justify ancient cooking vessel, have the gypseous surrounding of an ancient cooking vessel to have decorative pattern, printed words.Cast the ancient cooking vessel in kind of a copper, first will make a wax ancient cooking vessel and just can make.Therefore first will go out the mould alive of a wax-pattern processed also known as former, this ancient cooking vessel Φ 3m height 2m, must be divided into four pieces to do, and first from Plastering slurry 1/4 piece of mould, inside must be put reinforcing bar and played fill with gypsum and strike up partnership, and treat that four pieces are all carried out, this just cries first reinforcing.After hard, take wherein one piece of gypsum pattern apart, reinforcing bar has been put in inside, anti-fracture, and four pieces are all pulled down, and pieces together a circle ancient cooking vessel by the docking port of former molding.Die joint will fit and with reinforcing bar, four pieces of modules is welded into one without meeting, if there is mistake constantly to reinforce weldering knot jail, this just cries total reinforcing.If this ancient cooking vessel be clay sculpture just do not need somatotype, global formation, also not wax-pattern, can draw mud and arrange in inside.Diameter < 800mm, height < 800mm just must do a point die sinking, has second consolidation reinforcing bar.Wherein first reinforced steel, do not rupture as long as consider to bear the strength that gypsum mould molding takes apart, indeformable is principle.Total reinforcing will consider the impulsive force etc. of copper water pressure, tension, handling, and steel size, spacing quantity etc. all will be weighed, determine according to area experience.The utilization of special channel-section steel is very important.
Described gypsum mould comprises α gypsum 20-45%, 12/40 order gypsum mould antiquated sand 10-50% according to the raw material of percentage by weight, alumina cement 10-25%, bauxite 10-20%, 12/40 order do not come sand 0-40%, 8/20 order quartz sand 0-40%, coal dust 0-5%, starch 0-4%, brown iron oxide 0-2% and calcium oxide 0.1-2%.
Concrete operations are:
1, first check die quality, running gate system, fabrication hole, technology nail, somatotype inserted sheet etc., mix slurry water consumption and control to have lacked poor fluidity in about the 1:3 water yield, duplicating property is poor, bubble is many, sclerosis is fast, the water yield is many, and sclerosis is slow, unfavorable operation, shattered crack factor is many, and intensity also has impact.
2, surface layer adopts spraying secondary 2-3mm thick, mix slurry water consumption in the not serious loss of about 1:3, after ground floor is substantially hard, then spraying second time, applying than spraying dense slurry with hand after the second layer is substantially hard, apply model not flow down, sink and can be stained with as principle, repeated multiple times about the 25mm that reaches stops, then applies back-up coat gypsum material to about 25mm with hand, now total thickness is about 50mm and stops, and carries out steel reinforcing.
3, after steel reinforcing is good, apply back-up coat gypsum mortar again, about 40-50mm is thick, and gross thickness is at about 100mm, this sand thickness is the bronze statue that about 2m is high is a standard, and bronze statue size is large, and area is large, thickness will strengthen, reinforcing bar also wants overstriking, adds, and gypsum shell is accomplished not leak copper water, particularly the expansive force of model lower part copper water is very large, the pressure of copper water is quality 5-8 times of copper, and therefore projecting surface, the calcium plaster of sharp corner especially will confirm to be applied to position.
4, gypsum mould all completes, through natural coagulation in 24 hours and transpiring moisture, ability shove charge dewaxing roasting.
Dewaxing: gypsum mould, after 24 hours natural reaction transpiring moistures, dissolves out the wax pattern material heating of gypsum mould parcel, reclaims.Molten o'clock of paraffin at about 52 DEG C, as long as smallclothes Ludox crust in iron case water tank water be heated to 95-100 DEG C put into formwork stop within 20-30 minute, dewaxing work can be completed.The large-scale Plaster-mold casting bodily form is mostly calculating with m, weight all at hundreds of kilogram to several tons of weights, shell thickness all at about 100mm, if cannot complete with adopting water tank method.Shove charge must be heated to about 160 DEG C in stove on the spot, the time could flow in 8 hours, flows out from several stream wax mouths that gypsum mould bottom is established, and furnace bottom structure reclaims.Furnace bottom must build up refractory aggregate or use heat-resisting cast iron plate, and composition slope current wax structure could reclaim wax streamer.Or flow to furnace bottom to be absorbed, slowly burn after being heated by stove.The furnace bottom that refractory aggregate is built reclaims few 20-30%, and because having crack after the heating of refractory aggregate stove, aggregate own can absorb wax material.Greatly can improve can reach more than 85% as poured into the drop-bottom rate of recovery with heat-resisting cast iron.And stable, the quality of wax might as well.
Oven dry, roasting: fusible pattern gypsum, during dewaxing heating, gypsum top layer can absorb a part of paraffin, in order to the residual wax in gypsum is burnouted, and necessary roasting is to 650-750 DEG C, paraffin burns mistake in a large number about 200 DEG C beginnings, and when 350 DEG C, loss on ignition reaches 91%, burnouts to 610 DEG C.Gypsum heat shrink is large, and for preventing gypsum mould crackle, heating must very slowly be carried out.Roasting, except in elimination paraffin except residual wax, is reacted into the Free water in dihydrate gypsum, the crystallization water removes after also the dead plaster in gypsum mould and calcium oxide must being added water.300-400 DEG C just gypsum there is the temperature range of causus contraction, excessive thermograde obviously can cause very large interior pressure, therefore strictly must control firing rate at cold stage.Gypsum mould formwork is all a fat person, at more than m, and weight hundred kilograms to several tons, and cast-in-situ after shove charge.Therefore the type of furnace is unique, half activity, Lower Half is fixed, first half enclosing, bell is all movable, increases to increase according to the size of gypsum mould height and encloses a grade brick, brick refractory aggregate is cast, the size of brick, long 150 × high by 50 × wide 30 (centimetre) burner hearths, at 5m × 3m × level altitude 1.5m, can arbitrarily be increased.Fuel also can use natural duct coal gas with gas generator.
Refer to Fig. 4, the design of roaster, should the following aspects be considered:
1) gasburner will discharge more, and nozzle is installed should from furnace bottom 40 centimeters, the upward 45 degree of up flames of crater, and furnace bottom will design stream wax pan structure, is also the groove structure of air-introduced machine simultaneously, must fills air-introduced machine, furnace air flow, and furnace temperature could be even;
2) the outer enclosure wall of each nozzle will design an observation panel, for igniting, oxygen supply, size, at about 250 × 250mm, can be closed, open;
3) safe firm and cast operation must be considered toward the in-built gypsum mould of stove, gypsum face will be blocked to the gypsum profile near nozzle with high temperature resistant cast iron plate, otherwise flame can burn out gypsum face simultaneously, install stove, sealed bell, igniting is heated, operation of taking care;
4) many places temperature-measuring port to be designed.
Cast: being the last pass of gypsum mould, is also the alleviation of the most critical of plaster casting technique, must carry out following some:
1) whether qualified to the copper water quality temperature of cast, whether deoxidation puts in place, carries out thermometric inspection, and whether copper water is clean;
2) casting ladle will prepare many, and whether tonnage is enough, and whether water-resistant layer is intact, and whether casting ladle dryouies, and casting ladle must be kept to dry temperature has 300-400 DEG C before copper water, and whether mechanical part is normal;
3) the whether steady jail of gypsum mould shove charge is checked, can not loosen during cast, stream wax mouth seals, whether shattered crack burns out gypsum mould, once go wrong, should mend reinforcing in time, to reinforce before cast large high part, make provision against emergencies and leak, inner core position will be noted especially, add resin sand if desired to tamp reinforcing;
4) poring rate will be mapped out, and thick book is treated respectively, and pouring temperature also will be distinguished;
5) will prepare to meet accident when pouring into a mould the loss circulation material instrument etc. of Lou copper water;
6) operative will dress safeguard protection articles for use.To take care operation, submit onself to someone's direction, do not muddle things up.
In the embodiment of the present invention, adopt plaster casting technique to imitate the Forbidden City the Hall of Supreme Harmony copper Sambalion, its specification is 2.90m*2.13m*3.15m, weighs 7.5 tons heavy tin bronzes 1 right.Concrete steps are:
One, divide two part setting-outs, lion is as one, and copper lion seat is integrated
1, lion body setting-out, by cage plate clay sculpture 1:1 slightly scaling water, in setting-out, chimera circle hair does not carefully do, Zhi Zuo garden piece, and little floral pattern also does separately; The colour ball of lion foot, lioncel son is independent plastotype also; Water into after wax pattern is assembled into one examination until accessory and take off independent cast copper, whole copper piece is assembled;
2, copper lion seat, does by wood model structure mode, first whole for copper seat decorative pattern is photographed and omits scaling water in proportion and finish the other sculpture of pattern; Large frame China fir bar, five-ply board, folder card carry out making mould by material object, spill vertical element, garden arc, right angle etc.; Scaling water surface is smooth, and size is accurate, and intensity meets Plastering requirement, but wants form removal fashion to tear open, does not damage gypsum mould; Copper seat decorative pattern all translates into Silicon moulds outside, waters into the rear of wax and dress up pattern arrangement to be shaped; After passed examination, by technological requirement, part flower is fixed up together to apply with large seat and starches and cast on wooden seat; Some decorative pattern takes off cast of crusting separately; Last combination assembling in copper piece;
Two, after setting-out meets the requirements, carry out turning over gypsum mould former processed
1, lion body mould, lion colour ball, lioncel son sample are turned over and make the removable former, the work mould that do wax pattern, Complex Parts will do Silicon moulds, and simultaneously in order to follow-up Plastering brush wax step, consider fabrication hole loose piece pattern, lion body head stays 200mm*200mm fabrication hole; Then turn over bulk mould processed to fix, make it indeformable and lose shape, gypsum, firmly flax silk that employing intensity is high and firmly batten or steel;
2, because copper lion seat moulding molding is simple, therefore do not need to turn over die sinking, directly do setting-out mould;
3, lion body former is pulled down, after repairing cleaning, is assembled into lion body ghost mould and carries out brush wax, by mould wax or partially recycled wax molten clear after carry out brush wax with palm brush, brush to about 3mm, ensure that plane decorative pattern is clear, not out of shape, heave; After the completion of brush wax, the flax silk that deposited mould gypsum one deck is very thin and batten reinforcing can support whole lion body seat and stand on surface plate or on ground; Remove former type again and show lion figure state;
4, lion body wax-pattern is placed under repair, texturing, repair of defects, hairline is unclogged and readjusted, and some decorative patterns are arranged on it lion, and carry out troweling cleaning after completing, reinforcing fabrication hole also will process;
Three, after lion body and stand all being checked and accepted, apply casting α type gypsum and reinforced steel comprehensively
1, preparation casting α type gypsum, comprise surface layer and back-up coat, surface layer comprises α type gypsum 35%, alumina cement 12%, bauxite 10%, 20/40 order gypsum mould antiquated sand 25% and 20/40 order according to the raw material of percentage by weight and does not carry out sand 18%; Back-up coat comprises α type gypsum 35%, alumina cement 12%, bauxite 10%20/40 order gypsum mould antiquated sand 25% and 20/40 order quartz sand 18% according to the raw material of percentage by weight;
2, brush releasing agent on model, silicone oil, butter, due to wooden body can sop up, should brush a little releasing agent more; Install earthenware reinforced hole simultaneously, and open necessary fabrication hole, lion body head leaves fabrication hole, for Plastering, stands upside down and uses;
3, start spray and shine ground floor slurry, do not carry out mortar with 20/40 order, denseer, after several minutes, do not flow the spray second layer, the same, about about 4-5mm is thick, joins calcium plaster 10/15 order sand again apply thick into about 50-60mm after not flowing with coarse sand; Carry out just reinforcing, with Φ 12 yuan of steel Boulezs, distance about about 120mm, an intersection is carried out and welds knot jail, and lion body will weld forms circumferential, the pull bar of copper seat surrounding through hole, and it all compresses with 10# channel-section steel up and down;
4, after skin has applied gypsum, upset is carried out inside and is applied slurry, carries out internal layer technological work, autoclave dewaxing, removes gypsum back-up coat, batten flax silk, then carry out soft wax and paste work processed, determine lion body and copper seat thickness, paste into 8-10mm with soft wax thick, after completing, carry out the setting of running gate system, lion body head down, cast gate staged is poured into a mould, and starts up to put from bottom 300mm, forms two casting ladles by ingate, runner gate, down gate; The edge-on cast of lion copper seat slightly squint 20/30 °, two casting ladle cast; Cast gate uses staged equally, and rising head is all located at eminence, is convenient to abundant deflation; Leak wax mouth in bottom two, three, dried shell rear enclosed, after passed examination, applied the thin calcium plaster of 20/40 order, technique is with outer, and after adding coarse sand, cloth reinforcing bar will dock with outer reinforcement and weld, and welds inside and outside simultaneously 10# channel-section steel is upper and lower; Lion body channel-section steel is four, and inner core also wants four; Copper seat plane and four sides will arrange eight channel-section steels and eight inner cores; Channel-section steel welds mutually, and Φ 12 Rebar, under channel-section steel, then applies full calcium plaster, substantially that channel-section steel is topped;
Four, shove charge dewaxing roasting is dried, cast
Igniting in best 24 hours after installing stove, gas generator, heating-up time table is as shown in table 1, pours into a mould after cold 20 hours with stove.
Table 1 gypsum mould is dried and is shown with the heating-up time of roasting
| Time (h) | 1-12 | 13-24 | 25-36 | 37-48 | 49-60 |
| Temperature (DEG C) | 120-200 | 250-300 | 350-450 | 500-600 | 650-700 |
In addition, in actual gypsum mould manufacture process, during preparation gypsum mould compound powder, dust is very large, because agitator is kicked up land plaster etc. in transit, in operating environment, dust is large, brings bad impact, therefore improve working environment future to the healthy of operator, the preparation of gypsum mould compound powder is placed in secret room carry out, employing Belt Conveying feeds in raw material, and operator no longer directly contacts agitator, as shown in Figure 5.
The present invention has following characteristics: technique is simple, easy to operate; Duplicating is good, expands while gypsum crystallization, and energy micro-small features decorative pattern of filled model and the concavo-convex clear of 0.2mm interval cast out; The temperature diffusivity of gypsum is low, and cool time is longer than sand mold 3-6 times, and highly beneficial to cast, the wall thickness being as thin as 0.5mm all can cast out; Collapsibility is good, particularly favourable for thin thin Complex Parts, and sand removal is convenient does not damage foundry goods again; With short production cycle, the large bronze statue of about 2m can monoblock cast, and the time is short; Adopt gypsum mould antiquated sand to reduce costs, poor air permeability and the sand that can solve again gypsum split problem, applied range.
To those skilled in the art, obviously the invention is not restricted to the details of above-mentioned one exemplary embodiment, and when not deviating from spirit of the present invention or essential characteristic, the present invention can be realized in other specific forms.Therefore, no matter from which point, all should embodiment be regarded as exemplary, and be nonrestrictive, scope of the present invention is limited by claims instead of above-mentioned explanation, and all changes be therefore intended in the implication of the equivalency by dropping on claim and scope are included in the present invention.
In addition, be to be understood that, although this description is described according to embodiment, but not each embodiment only comprises an independently technical scheme, this narrating mode of description is only for clarity sake, those skilled in the art should by description integrally, and the technical scheme in each embodiment also through appropriately combined, can form other embodiments that it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that.
Claims (4)
1. a plaster casting technique, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of gypsum mould: comprise molding, correction, just reinforce, always reinforce;
(2) oven dry and roasting: by the gypsum mould shove charge prepared, with the heating rate of 10-20 DEG C/h to 120-200 DEG C, then 250-300 DEG C is warmed up to the speed of 1-10 DEG C/h, 350-400 DEG C is warmed up to again with the speed of 1-5 DEG C/h, finally be warmed up to 650-700 DEG C with the speed of 2-10 DEG C/h, carry out subsequent processing with after stove cooling 20-24h;
(3) melting and cast: select smelting furnace according to melt, carries out rapid melting and the intensification of metal charge, keeps casting ladle to dry warm 300-400 DEG C simultaneously, then adopts casting ladle by pouring metal melt in the roasting gypsum mould of step (2).
2. plaster casting technique according to claim 1, is characterized in that, according to the classification of model, the preparation of described gypsum mould is divided into four kinds of techniques:
1) clay sculpture: die sinking, gypsum submodule processed, correction, die sinking, go out wax-pattern, repair wax-pattern, Plastering, reinforcing, shove charge;
2) clay sculpture and wax pattern hybrid guided mode: decompose design, inserted sheet segmentation, Plastering, just reinforce, form removal cleaning, assembled formation, external form paste wax, inner core processed, Plastering, always reinforce, shove charge;
3) wooden wax pattern is mixed: decomposition design, releasing agent, outer Plastering, just reinforcing, form removal are cleared up, combine subsides wax, running gate system, applied inner core gypsum, always reinforcing, shove charge;
4) large-scale tripod class: design planning, molded in place, meticulous mold, comprehensive examination, Plastering external form, first reinforcing, inner core cleaning, subsides wax wall, running gate system, Plastering, total reinforcing, shove charge on the spot.
3. according to the arbitrary described plaster casting technique of claim 1-2, it is characterized in that, described gypsum mould comprises α gypsum 20-45%, 12/40 order gypsum mould antiquated sand 10-50% according to the raw material of percentage by weight, alumina cement 10-25%, bauxite 10-20%, 12/40 order do not come sand 0-40%, 8/20 order quartz sand 0-40%, coal dust 0-5%, starch 0-4%, brown iron oxide 0-2% and calcium oxide 0.1-2%.
4. according to the arbitrary described plaster casting technique of claim 1-2, it is characterized in that, described just reinforcing is when the outer Plastering of every block mould, reinforcing bar is put in inside makes gypsum dress strike up partnership, and described total reinforcing is after gypsum pattern is hard, is taken apart by all gypsum patterns, entirety is pieced together by the docking port of former molding, die joint will fit seamless, adopts reinforcing bar that each gypsum mould module is welded into one, until whole firm welding.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410644711.2A CN104550730B (en) | 2014-11-14 | 2014-11-14 | A kind of plaster casting technique |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410644711.2A CN104550730B (en) | 2014-11-14 | 2014-11-14 | A kind of plaster casting technique |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104550730A true CN104550730A (en) | 2015-04-29 |
| CN104550730B CN104550730B (en) | 2018-07-20 |
Family
ID=53068393
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410644711.2A Active CN104550730B (en) | 2014-11-14 | 2014-11-14 | A kind of plaster casting technique |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN104550730B (en) |
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104889328A (en) * | 2015-05-21 | 2015-09-09 | 凤冈县凤鸣农用机械制造有限公司 | Complex crankshaft casting mold |
| CN105499492A (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2016-04-20 | 清华大学 | Non-compact structured new casting mold |
| CN105945226A (en) * | 2016-05-12 | 2016-09-21 | 上海渊泉集币收藏品有限公司 | Method for manufacturing metal filament products |
| CN106476261A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-03-08 | 朱贺 | A kind of knurling rolls and its manufacture method |
| CN106623807A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-05-10 | 武汉重工铸锻有限责任公司 | Casting method of large-scale bronze tripod |
| CN109047673A (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2018-12-21 | 太仓黑龙智能工业科技有限公司 | A kind of plaster mold dewaxing roasting technique |
| CN109622889A (en) * | 2018-12-31 | 2019-04-16 | 成都新航工业科技有限公司 | In conjunction with the process of silica solution quartz sand and gypsum mould mixture shell |
| CN110090929A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-08-06 | 洛阳烟云涧青铜器有限公司 | A kind of technique making imitation of an ancient bronze and its smelt roasting system |
| CN110576151A (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2019-12-17 | 上海晓泉珠宝有限公司 | Gold, silver and copper filament manufacturing process and method |
| CN110842143A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-02-28 | 成都新航工业科技有限公司 | Wax pattern fixing method for investment casting |
| CN110947908A (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2020-04-03 | 上海浦宇铜艺装饰制品有限公司 | Method for manufacturing stone-like product by using cast aluminum alloy |
| CN111231054A (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2020-06-05 | 西华大学 | Gypsum model making method for runner flow passage of mixed flow turbine and parting agent thereof |
| CN114042858A (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-02-15 | 桂林中铸机械科技有限公司 | Method for self-collapsing of high-strength carbon-free casting mold in evaporative pattern cavity along with cooling of casting |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS53128627A (en) * | 1977-04-15 | 1978-11-09 | Sumitomo Cement Co | Method of manufacturing hardened body of gypsum |
| WO2005061153A1 (en) * | 2003-12-23 | 2005-07-07 | Doncasters Limited | Metal casting apparatus and method |
| CN101259514A (en) * | 2008-04-24 | 2008-09-10 | 重庆大学 | Mold material for casting non-ferrous metal and making technique |
| CN101332500A (en) * | 2007-06-28 | 2008-12-31 | 张克坚 | Negative-pressure casting method of cast |
| RU2378223C1 (en) * | 2008-08-11 | 2010-01-10 | Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Обнинское научно-производственное предприятие "Технология" | Method of forming ceramic products from water slips |
| CN101628329A (en) * | 2009-07-30 | 2010-01-20 | 大同北方天力增压技术有限公司 | Production process adopting silicon rubber gypsum precision casting and used for hydraulic bending moment guide wheel |
| CN103111585A (en) * | 2013-02-04 | 2013-05-22 | 中国兵器工业第五九研究所 | Method for preparing ceramic gypsum composite mould by using magnesium alloy |
-
2014
- 2014-11-14 CN CN201410644711.2A patent/CN104550730B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS53128627A (en) * | 1977-04-15 | 1978-11-09 | Sumitomo Cement Co | Method of manufacturing hardened body of gypsum |
| WO2005061153A1 (en) * | 2003-12-23 | 2005-07-07 | Doncasters Limited | Metal casting apparatus and method |
| CN101332500A (en) * | 2007-06-28 | 2008-12-31 | 张克坚 | Negative-pressure casting method of cast |
| CN101259514A (en) * | 2008-04-24 | 2008-09-10 | 重庆大学 | Mold material for casting non-ferrous metal and making technique |
| RU2378223C1 (en) * | 2008-08-11 | 2010-01-10 | Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Обнинское научно-производственное предприятие "Технология" | Method of forming ceramic products from water slips |
| CN101628329A (en) * | 2009-07-30 | 2010-01-20 | 大同北方天力增压技术有限公司 | Production process adopting silicon rubber gypsum precision casting and used for hydraulic bending moment guide wheel |
| CN103111585A (en) * | 2013-02-04 | 2013-05-22 | 中国兵器工业第五九研究所 | Method for preparing ceramic gypsum composite mould by using magnesium alloy |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 魏丹华: "巨型"九龙鼎"的铸造", 《铸造技术》 * |
| 魏丹华: "高36.88m观音铜像的铸造", 《特种铸造及有色合金》 * |
Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104889328A (en) * | 2015-05-21 | 2015-09-09 | 凤冈县凤鸣农用机械制造有限公司 | Complex crankshaft casting mold |
| CN105499492A (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2016-04-20 | 清华大学 | Non-compact structured new casting mold |
| CN105945226A (en) * | 2016-05-12 | 2016-09-21 | 上海渊泉集币收藏品有限公司 | Method for manufacturing metal filament products |
| CN106623807A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-05-10 | 武汉重工铸锻有限责任公司 | Casting method of large-scale bronze tripod |
| CN106623807B (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2018-06-05 | 武汉重工铸锻有限责任公司 | The casting method of large-scale bronze pot |
| CN106476261A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-03-08 | 朱贺 | A kind of knurling rolls and its manufacture method |
| CN110576151A (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2019-12-17 | 上海晓泉珠宝有限公司 | Gold, silver and copper filament manufacturing process and method |
| CN109047673A (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2018-12-21 | 太仓黑龙智能工业科技有限公司 | A kind of plaster mold dewaxing roasting technique |
| CN109622889A (en) * | 2018-12-31 | 2019-04-16 | 成都新航工业科技有限公司 | In conjunction with the process of silica solution quartz sand and gypsum mould mixture shell |
| CN110090929A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-08-06 | 洛阳烟云涧青铜器有限公司 | A kind of technique making imitation of an ancient bronze and its smelt roasting system |
| CN110090929B (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2020-12-04 | 洛阳烟云涧青铜器有限公司 | Process for manufacturing antique bronze ware and smelting and roasting system thereof |
| CN110947908A (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2020-04-03 | 上海浦宇铜艺装饰制品有限公司 | Method for manufacturing stone-like product by using cast aluminum alloy |
| CN110842143A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-02-28 | 成都新航工业科技有限公司 | Wax pattern fixing method for investment casting |
| CN111231054A (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2020-06-05 | 西华大学 | Gypsum model making method for runner flow passage of mixed flow turbine and parting agent thereof |
| CN114042858A (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-02-15 | 桂林中铸机械科技有限公司 | Method for self-collapsing of high-strength carbon-free casting mold in evaporative pattern cavity along with cooling of casting |
| CN114042858B (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2024-05-10 | 桂林中铸机械科技有限公司 | Method for self-collapsing high-strength lost foam cavity carbonless casting mold along with casting cooling |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN104550730B (en) | 2018-07-20 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN104550730A (en) | Gypsum mould casting process | |
| CN101628319B (en) | Production method of double-sand mold of resin sand | |
| CN102228955B (en) | Treatment method for deformation of massive lost foam | |
| CN103920852B (en) | A kind of precision casting process of large foundry goods | |
| CN104439074A (en) | Fusible mold precision casting method | |
| CN103934416B (en) | A kind of waterglass shell produces the method for precision stainless steel foundry goods | |
| CN105458167B (en) | Large-scale wheel hub lost foam casting process | |
| CN105251946A (en) | Casting device and casting method for anchor flukes | |
| CN103600030A (en) | Preparation method of heat-resisting alloy sliding-block shell by investment casting | |
| CN101412076A (en) | A kind of precision casting technique of ceramic shell lost foam | |
| CN102672104A (en) | Precision casting method for pouring evanescent mold through high-performance coating foam and mold laminating paraffin | |
| CN101362187A (en) | Investment casting method | |
| CN102632196A (en) | Lost foam casting (LFC) method without roasting by using precise paraffin wax model sample and high-performance coating shell mould | |
| CN102248124A (en) | Technology for molding wax mould of single cast | |
| CN108889907A (en) | For casting the casting method of high-end large-scale precision casting | |
| CN105734363B (en) | A kind of forming method of almag component | |
| CN103111603B (en) | A kind of casting method of giant cast iron lion | |
| CN110340279A (en) | Heavy castings casting method | |
| CN103658534A (en) | Negative-pressure precision casting process of cold-mold protective shell | |
| CN111496185A (en) | Production process of lost foam casting | |
| CN105081296A (en) | Tundish manufacturing technology | |
| CN108838334B (en) | Manufacturing method of shell mold for molding high-end casting | |
| CN104550715A (en) | Method for manufacturing integral casting metal mould | |
| CN105537526A (en) | Forming method of flame-retarding insulating riser | |
| CN101574889A (en) | Mosaic craft preparation method |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| CB02 | Change of applicant information |
Address after: 330000 Foreign Investment Industrial Zone, New District, Nanchang, Jiangxi Applicant after: Jiangxi Tong Qing metal crafts Limited by Share Ltd Address before: 330000 mayor of Nanchang, Jiangxi, foreign investment Industrial Zone Applicant before: JIANGXI TOQINE METAL HANDCRAFTS CO., LTD. |
|
| CB02 | Change of applicant information | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |