CN104548975A - Tubular composite nanofiltration membrane - Google Patents
Tubular composite nanofiltration membrane Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a tubular composite nanofiltration membrane which comprises four functional layers, namely a support layer, a base membrane layer, an interfacial polymerization layer and a protective layer. A tubular base ultrafiltration membrane is formed by carrying out blending modification on polyethersulfone and an inorganic nanometer material, and a tubular polyamide composite nanofiltration membrane is formed by carrying out interfacial polymerization reaction on piperazine hexahydrate as a water-phase solution and a trimesoyl chloride hexane solution. According to a preparation process, a process technology of preparing a tubular polyethersulfone ultrafiltration membrane by adopting a jelly and synchronously producing the tubular polyethersulfone ultrafiltration membrane by adopting reel pipe welding and membrane coating is adopted. The obtained tubular composite nanofiltration membrane disclosed by the invention has the advantages of different selective separation functions on a monovalent ion and a divalent ion, a higher interception rate on a small-molecular organic matter, lower requirements on the pretreatment of feed liquid, applicability on the separation of high-solubility high-granularity high-suspension matters, and very high economic values on deep separation, purification and soluble shrinkage of some specific materials.
Description
Patent application of the present invention is the divisional application of Chinese Patent Application No. 201310156264.1, and the applying date of original application is 2013-4-28, and application number is 201310156264.1, and invention and created name is a kind of tubular composite nanofiltration membrane and preparation method thereof.
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of polymeric membrane for separation, specifically refer to a kind of tubular composite nanofiltration membrane.
Background technology
Polymeric membrane for separation can be divided into microfiltration membranes, milipore filter, NF membrane and reverse osmosis membrane according to its pore size.Different according to macromolecular material source, the polymeric membrane for separation prepared by natural macromolecular material and the polymeric membrane for separation prepared by synthetic polymer can be divided for.Natural macromolecular material is mainly cellulose acetate and derivative thereof, and synthetic polymer then kind is relatively many, mainly comprises polysulfones synthetic polymer, polyamide-based synthetic polymer, polyesters synthetic polymer, TPO synthetic polymer etc.Polymeric membrane for separation is different according to structure, can be divided into again dissymmetrical structure diffusion barrier, symmetrical structure diffusion barrier and separation membrane with composite structure; Dull and stereotyped high-molecular porous film, hollow fiber polymer perforated membrane and tubular high polymer perforated membrane can be divided into according to profile.Different high-molecular porous films, according to its difference such as aperture, material, has different purposes.
NF membrane is a kind of diffusion barrier of aperture between reverse osmosis membrane and milipore filter, because it has multi-band electric charge on nano level membrane aperture, film, allow low molecule salt pass through and retain organic matter and the multivalent ion of higher molecular weight, there is unique separating property, higher separation accuracy.Compared with other diffusion barrier, NF membrane has that membrane flux is larger, process infiltration is forced down, selected the features such as isolating ions, operating pressure are low, the power demand of system is low.At present, Nanofiltration-membrane technique has been widely used in water softening and brackish water desalination, drink water purifying, feed separation purifying and concentrated, wastewater treatment and the field such as Treated sewage reusing, cleaner production, achieves good economic and social benefit.
Composite nanometer filtering film is composite membrane one deck ultrathin functional layer being deposited to suitable porous support membrane surface, aperture, and depositional mode mainly contains surface coating, interfacial polycondensation, in-situ polymerization, interface-cross-linked etc.Composite membrane has many advantages than asymmetric membrane, but also it is all fine to have mechanical stability, heat endurance and hydrolytic stability.But, it is lower to the rejection of small organic molecule for current composite nanometer filtering film, higher to the requirement of feeding liquid, in traditional separating technology application, need the combination of multistage different UF membrane precision, meticulousr separation screening could be realized, such as, need repeatedly to carry out to the separation screening of part monovalent ion and divalent ion etc., cost is high, and be separated in the degree of depth of some special materials, purify, not ideal enough in molten contracting application.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of tubular composite nanofiltration membrane, compare conventional art, low to the processing requirements of feeding liquid, separation screening without the need to multistage-combination, have separating property excellence, cost-saving, save the feature such as energy consumption.
In order to reach above-mentioned purpose, solution of the present invention is:
A kind of tubular composite nanofiltration membrane, in tubular construction, this tubular structure comprises supporting layer, base membrane layer, interfacial polymerization layer and protective layer four functional layer from outside to inside successively, wherein:
Described base membrane layer is poly (ether-sulfone) ultrafiltration membrane, the liquid preparation liquid of this poly (ether-sulfone) ultrafiltration membrane enters reactor reaction primarily of each material that weight ratio is following and obtains: the polyether sulfone of 16-28%, the inorganic nano level of 0.2-2% is material modified, the solvent of 57-78%, the pore-foaming agent of 1-10% and the surfactant of 0.1-5%, described solvent is one or more in N-N dimethyl formamide, N-N dimethylacetylamide, 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE, triethyl phosphate, sulfolane and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO);
Described interfacial polymerization layer is polyamide composite nanofiltration membrane, the liquid preparation liquid of polyamide composite nanofiltration membrane carries out interface polymerization reaction by the piperazine hexahydrate aqueous solution and organic phase solution and obtains, the concentration of the piperazine hexahydrate aqueous solution is 0.5-3%, organic phase solution comprises pyromellitic trimethylsilyl chloride that concentration is 0.1-2% and concentration is the sodium phosphate dodecahydrate of 0.5-3%, and the solvent of organic phase solution is normal hexane.
Described pore-foaming agent is inorganic pore-foaming agent, or is organic polymer pore-foaming agent, or is the mixture of inorganic pore-foaming agent and organic polymer pore-foaming agent; Described inorganic pore-foaming agent is one or more in lithium nitrate, sodium chloride, calcium chloride, calcium carbonate, calcium nitrate, carbon dioxide, alundum (Al2O3) and kaolin; Described organic polymer pore-foaming agent is one or more in polyethylene glycol, polyoxyethylene, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol and methylcellulose; Described surfactant is one or more in cationic surface active agent, anionic surfactant, amphoteric surfactant and nonionic surface active agent; Described inorganic nano level is material modified is one or more in titanium dioxide, silica and zinc oxide; Described supporting layer is nonwoven layer or pet layer.
Described protective layer adopts concentration to be that the PVA aqueous solution of 2-10% and polyamide composite nanofiltration membrane react and dry obtained.
The temperature of described reactor reaction is at 60-80 DEG C.
After adopting such scheme, a kind of tubular composite nanofiltration membrane of the present invention, adopt tubular structure, be made up of four functional layers, particularly base membrane layer (poly (ether-sulfone) ultrafiltration membrane), the combined structure design of interfacial polymerization layer (polyamide composite nanofiltration membrane), tubular ultra-filtration membrane basement membrane is had with polyether sulfone and inorganic nano material blending and modifying, with piperazine hexahydrate (P I P) for aqueous phase solution, tubular type polyamide composite nanofiltration membrane is become with pyromellitic trimethylsilyl chloride normal hexane solution interface polymerisation, frozen glue is adopted to prepare tubular type poly (ether-sulfone) ultrafiltration membrane in preparation technology, adopt pipe crimping welding and film synchronous production tubular type poly (ether-sulfone) ultrafiltration membrane technology.
Gained tubular composite nanofiltration membrane of the present invention has one, divalent ion has different choice separation function, higher rejection is had to small organic molecule, film pipe diameter can prepare 5-20mm different size, lower to the pre-processing requirements of feeding liquid, can be advantageous to the separation of high solubility, high granularity, high suspended matter, be that other film kinds (as doughnut, rolling) cannot realize, the degree of depth of some specific materials be separated, purify, molten contracting has very high economic worth.Because the present invention is very low to the requirement of feeding liquid, once can carry out again the separation screening to part monovalent ion and divalent ion etc., shorten the combination that traditional separating technology needs multistage different UF membrane precision, cost-saved, save energy consumption.The present invention can be applied to refuse leachate process, dyeing waste water is recycled, dyestuff reclaims, antibiotic is concentrated with on purifying, and realizes very excellent separation function.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
A kind of tubular composite nanofiltration membrane, in tubular construction, this tubular structure comprises supporting layer, base membrane layer, interfacial polymerization layer and protective layer four functional layer from outside to inside successively, wherein:
Supporting layer is nonwoven layer or pet layer;
Base membrane layer is poly (ether-sulfone) ultrafiltration membrane, the raw material of the liquid preparation liquid of this poly (ether-sulfone) ultrafiltration membrane comprises the following each material of weight ratio: the polyether sulfone of 16%, the inorganic nano level of 0.2% is material modified, the N-N solvent of 74%, the pore-foaming agent of 9.7% and the surfactant of 0.1%;
Interfacial polymerization layer is polyamide composite nanofiltration membrane, the raw material of the liquid preparation liquid of polyamide composite nanofiltration membrane comprises the piperazine hexahydrate aqueous solution and organic phase solution, the concentration of the piperazine hexahydrate aqueous solution is 0.5%, organic phase solution comprise concentration be 0.1% pyromellitic trimethylsilyl chloride and concentration be the sodium phosphate dodecahydrate of 0.5%, the solvent of organic phase solution is normal hexane.
Described 74% solvent is intensive polar solvent, is specially the mixture of one or more solvents following: N-N dimethyl formamide, N-N dimethylacetylamide, 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE, triethyl phosphate, sulfolane and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).
The preparation method of corresponding tubular composite nanofiltration membrane, comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation forms the liquid preparation liquid of base membrane layer, the raw material prepared is entered reactor reaction above, and the temperature of reactor reaction is 60 DEG C, treats to dissolve obtained liquid preparation liquid completely; This liquid preparation liquid has extruding strings device to extrude again after filtering, and finally enters the film device in rolling machine, so that simultaneously operating that is following and pipe crimping;
(2) the tubular type poly (ether-sulfone) ultrafiltration membrane be made up of supporting layer and base membrane layer is prepared, the supporting layer of sheet is shaped by pipe crimping and pipe crimping, recycling ultrasonic welding machine is welded into the supporting layer of tubular structure, the liquid preparation liquid simultaneously (1) step obtained synchronously carries out basement membrane coating at the inner surface of the described supporting layer in tubular structure, enter coagulation bath tank afterwards and carry out frozen glue solidification, be i.e. obtained tubular type poly (ether-sulfone) ultrafiltration membrane; This in type tubular type poly (ether-sulfone) ultrafiltration membrane is soaked by pure water rinsing, solvent and pore-foaming agent are cleaned up;
(3) the interfacial polymerization step of interfacial polymerization layer, tubular type poly (ether-sulfone) ultrafiltration membrane obtained in (2) step is immersed the piperazine hexahydrate aqueous solution prepared, inner surface is fully infiltrated (infiltrating time is 45S), after taking out, removes superfluous water solution in pipe; Afterwards, the described tubular type poly (ether-sulfone) ultrafiltration membrane infiltrated is immersed in the organic phase solution prepared and reacts, take out after reaction certain hour and dry, obtain tubular type polyamide composite nanofiltration membrane;
(4) making step of protective layer, immerses the protective agent PVA reactant aqueous solution of resistant to pollution concentration 5% by tubular type polyamide composite nanofiltration membrane obtained in (3) step, react to take out after 8 hours and dry, namely obtain tubular composite nanofiltration membrane.
Performance test (1): under operating pressure 0.4Mpa, room temperature condition, to 2g/L MgSO
4the flux of the aqueous solution is tested, and can reach 38.2L/ (㎡ .n), rejection is 90.5%.
Performance test (2): get printing and dyeing waste liquid, through activated sludge reaction, adopt cross-current flow, make the tubular type polyamide composite nanofiltration membrane assembly of internal diameter 10mm, without the need to pretreatment, through booster pump supercharging, operating pressure 0.4Mpa, water inlet electrical conductivity is 2500 μ s/m, and permeability electrical conductivity is 500 μ s/m, salt rejection rate is 80%, and flux reaches 38.2L/ (㎡ .n).Because passage is wider, therefore without clogging.
Embodiment 2
A kind of tubular composite nanofiltration membrane, in tubular construction, this tubular structure comprises supporting layer, base membrane layer, interfacial polymerization layer and protective layer four functional layer from outside to inside successively, wherein:
Supporting layer is nonwoven layer or pet layer;
Base membrane layer is poly (ether-sulfone) ultrafiltration membrane, and the raw material of the liquid preparation liquid of this poly (ether-sulfone) ultrafiltration membrane comprises the following each material of weight ratio: the polyether sulfone of 25%, and the inorganic nano level of 2% is material modified, the solvent of 61%, the pore-foaming agent of 10% and the surfactant of 2%;
Interfacial polymerization layer is polyamide composite nanofiltration membrane, the raw material of the liquid preparation liquid of polyamide composite nanofiltration membrane comprises the piperazine hexahydrate aqueous solution and organic phase solution, the concentration of the piperazine hexahydrate aqueous solution is 3%, organic phase solution comprise concentration be 2% pyromellitic trimethylsilyl chloride and concentration be the sodium phosphate dodecahydrate of 3%, the solvent of organic phase solution is normal hexane.
Described solvent is intensive polar solvent, is specially the mixture of one or more solvents following: N-N dimethyl formamide, N-N dimethylacetylamide, 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE, triethyl phosphate, sulfolane and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).
The preparation method of corresponding tubular composite nanofiltration membrane, comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation forms the liquid preparation liquid of base membrane layer, the raw material prepared is entered reactor reaction above, and the temperature of reactor reaction is 80 DEG C, treats to dissolve obtained liquid preparation liquid completely; This liquid preparation liquid has extruding strings device to extrude again after filtering, and finally enters the film device in rolling machine, so that simultaneously operating that is following and pipe crimping;
(2) the tubular type poly (ether-sulfone) ultrafiltration membrane be made up of supporting layer and base membrane layer is prepared, the supporting layer of sheet is shaped by pipe crimping and pipe crimping, recycling ultrasonic welding machine is welded into the supporting layer of tubular structure, the liquid preparation liquid simultaneously (1) step obtained synchronously carries out basement membrane coating at the inner surface of the described supporting layer in tubular structure, enter coagulation bath tank afterwards and carry out frozen glue solidification, be i.e. obtained tubular type poly (ether-sulfone) ultrafiltration membrane; This in type tubular type poly (ether-sulfone) ultrafiltration membrane is soaked by pure water rinsing, solvent and pore-foaming agent are cleaned up;
(3) the interfacial polymerization step of interfacial polymerization layer, tubular type poly (ether-sulfone) ultrafiltration membrane obtained in (2) step is immersed the piperazine hexahydrate aqueous solution prepared, inner surface is fully infiltrated (infiltrating time is 45S), after taking out, removes superfluous water solution in pipe; Afterwards, the described tubular type poly (ether-sulfone) ultrafiltration membrane infiltrated is immersed in the organic phase solution prepared and reacts, take out after reaction certain hour and dry, obtain tubular type polyamide composite nanofiltration membrane;
(4) making step of protective layer, immerses the protective agent PVA reactant aqueous solution of resistant to pollution concentration 10% by tubular type polyamide composite nanofiltration membrane obtained in (3) step, react to take out after 10 hours and dry, namely obtain tubular composite nanofiltration membrane.
Performance test (1): operating pressure 0.4Mpa, under room temperature condition, to 2g/L MgSO
4the flux of the aqueous solution is tested, and can reach 35L (㎡ .n), rejection is 95%.
Performance test (2): get printing and dyeing waste liquid, through activated sludge reaction, adopt cross-current flow, make the tubular type polyamide composite nanofiltration membrane assembly of internal diameter 12mm, without the need to pretreatment, through booster pump supercharging, operating pressure 0.4Mpa, water inlet electrical conductivity is 2500 μ s/m, and permeability electrical conductivity is 375 μ s/m, salt rejection rate is 85%, and flux reaches 35.2L/ (㎡ .n).Because passage is wider, therefore without clogging.
Embodiment 3
A kind of tubular composite nanofiltration membrane, in tubular construction, this tubular structure comprises supporting layer, base membrane layer, interfacial polymerization layer and protective layer four functional layer from outside to inside successively, wherein:
Supporting layer is nonwoven layer or pet layer;
Base membrane layer is poly (ether-sulfone) ultrafiltration membrane, and the raw material of the liquid preparation liquid of this poly (ether-sulfone) ultrafiltration membrane comprises the following each material of weight ratio: the polyether sulfone of 20%, and the inorganic nano level of 1% is material modified, the solvent of 71%, the pore-foaming agent of 5% and the surfactant of 3%;
Interfacial polymerization layer is polyamide composite nanofiltration membrane, the raw material of the liquid preparation liquid of polyamide composite nanofiltration membrane comprises the piperazine hexahydrate aqueous solution and organic phase solution, the concentration of the piperazine hexahydrate aqueous solution is 1.7%, organic phase solution comprise concentration be 1.1% pyromellitic trimethylsilyl chloride and concentration be the sodium phosphate dodecahydrate of 1.7%, the solvent of organic phase solution is normal hexane.
Described solvent is intensive polar solvent, is specially the mixture of one or more solvents following: N-N dimethyl formamide, N-N dimethylacetylamide, 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE, triethyl phosphate, sulfolane and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).
The preparation method of corresponding tubular composite nanofiltration membrane, comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation forms the liquid preparation liquid of base membrane layer, the raw material prepared is entered reactor reaction above, and the temperature of reactor reaction is 70 DEG C, treats to dissolve obtained liquid preparation liquid completely; This liquid preparation liquid has extruding strings device to extrude again after filtering, and finally enters the film device in rolling machine, so that simultaneously operating that is following and pipe crimping;
(2) the tubular type poly (ether-sulfone) ultrafiltration membrane be made up of supporting layer and base membrane layer is prepared, the supporting layer of sheet is shaped by pipe crimping and pipe crimping, recycling ultrasonic welding machine is welded into the supporting layer of tubular structure, the liquid preparation liquid simultaneously (1) step obtained synchronously carries out basement membrane coating at the inner surface of the described supporting layer in tubular structure, enter coagulation bath tank afterwards and carry out frozen glue solidification, be i.e. obtained tubular type poly (ether-sulfone) ultrafiltration membrane; This in type tubular type poly (ether-sulfone) ultrafiltration membrane is soaked by pure water rinsing, solvent and pore-foaming agent are cleaned up;
(3) the interfacial polymerization step of interfacial polymerization layer, tubular type poly (ether-sulfone) ultrafiltration membrane obtained in (2) step is immersed the piperazine hexahydrate aqueous solution prepared, inner surface is fully infiltrated (infiltrating time is 45S), after taking out, removes superfluous water solution in pipe; Afterwards, the described tubular type poly (ether-sulfone) ultrafiltration membrane infiltrated is immersed in the organic phase solution prepared and reacts, take out after reaction certain hour and dry, obtain tubular type polyamide composite nanofiltration membrane;
(4) making step of protective layer, immerses the protective agent PVA reactant aqueous solution of resistant to pollution concentration 5% by tubular type polyamide composite nanofiltration membrane obtained in (3) step, react to take out after 10 hours and dry, namely obtain tubular composite nanofiltration membrane.
Performance test (1): operating pressure 0.4Mpa, under room temperature condition, to 2g/L MgSO
4the flux of the aqueous solution is tested, and can reach 30L/ (㎡ .n) rejection is 98.5%.
Performance test (2): get printing and dyeing waste liquid, through activated sludge reaction, adopt cross-current flow, make the tubular type polyamide composite nanofiltration membrane assembly of internal diameter 8mm, without the need to pretreatment, through booster pump supercharging, operating pressure 0.4Mpa, water inlet electrical conductivity is 2500 μ s/m, and permeability electrical conductivity is 250 μ s/m, salt rejection rate is 90%, and flux reaches 30.2L/ (㎡ .n).Because passage is wider, therefore without clogging.
Above in each embodiment, it is employing 100 order stainless (steel) wire metre filter that described liquid preparation liquid filters, and filtering object is remove not have consoluet particle and impurity, and filter is connected to reactor feed opening place.
Above in each embodiment, described pore-foaming agent can be inorganic pore-foaming agent, or be organic polymer pore-foaming agent, or be the mixture of inorganic pore-foaming agent and organic polymer pore-foaming agent, wherein inorganic pore-foaming agent can be one or more in lithium nitrate, sodium chloride, calcium chloride, calcium carbonate, calcium nitrate, carbon dioxide, alundum (Al2O3) and kaolin, and organic polymer pore-foaming agent can be one or more in polyethylene glycol, polyoxyethylene, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol and methylcellulose.Described surfactant can be one or more in cationic surface active agent, anionic surfactant, amphoteric surfactant and nonionic surface active agent, and wherein anionic surfactant can be lauryl sodium sulfate or neopelex or this two mixture.Described inorganic nano level is material modified can be one or more in titanium dioxide, silica and zinc oxide.The hydrophilically modified material of the material modified better employing inorganic nano level of described inorganic nano level.
Claims (4)
1. a tubular composite nanofiltration membrane, is characterized in that, in tubular construction, this tubular structure comprises supporting layer, base membrane layer, interfacial polymerization layer and protective layer four functional layer from outside to inside successively, wherein:
Described base membrane layer is poly (ether-sulfone) ultrafiltration membrane, the liquid preparation liquid of this poly (ether-sulfone) ultrafiltration membrane enters reactor reaction primarily of each material that weight ratio is following and obtains: the polyether sulfone of 16-28%, the inorganic nano level of 0.2-2% is material modified, the solvent of 57-78%, the pore-foaming agent of 1-10% and the surfactant of 0.1-5%, described solvent is one or more in N-N dimethyl formamide, N-N dimethylacetylamide, 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE, triethyl phosphate, sulfolane and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO);
Described interfacial polymerization layer is polyamide composite nanofiltration membrane, the liquid preparation liquid of polyamide composite nanofiltration membrane carries out interface polymerization reaction by the piperazine hexahydrate aqueous solution and organic phase solution and obtains, the concentration of the piperazine hexahydrate aqueous solution is 0.5-3%, organic phase solution comprises pyromellitic trimethylsilyl chloride that concentration is 0.1-2% and concentration is the sodium phosphate dodecahydrate of 0.5-3%, and the solvent of organic phase solution is normal hexane.
2. a kind of tubular composite nanofiltration membrane as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described pore-foaming agent is inorganic pore-foaming agent, or is organic polymer pore-foaming agent, or is the mixture of inorganic pore-foaming agent and organic polymer pore-foaming agent; Described inorganic pore-foaming agent is one or more in lithium nitrate, sodium chloride, calcium chloride, calcium carbonate, calcium nitrate, carbon dioxide, alundum (Al2O3) and kaolin; Described organic polymer pore-foaming agent is one or more in polyethylene glycol, polyoxyethylene, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol and methylcellulose; Described surfactant is one or more in cationic surface active agent, anionic surfactant, amphoteric surfactant and nonionic surface active agent; Described inorganic nano level is material modified is one or more in titanium dioxide, silica and zinc oxide; Described supporting layer is nonwoven layer or pet layer.
3. a kind of tubular composite nanofiltration membrane as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described protective layer adopts concentration to be that the PVA aqueous solution of 2-10% and polyamide composite nanofiltration membrane react and dry obtained.
4. a kind of tubular composite nanofiltration membrane as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the temperature of described reactor reaction is at 60-80 DEG C.
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