CN104548103B - 氧化石墨烯和氯霉素直接结合的复合物的制备方法 - Google Patents

氧化石墨烯和氯霉素直接结合的复合物的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN104548103B
CN104548103B CN201310511540.1A CN201310511540A CN104548103B CN 104548103 B CN104548103 B CN 104548103B CN 201310511540 A CN201310511540 A CN 201310511540A CN 104548103 B CN104548103 B CN 104548103B
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CN104548103A (zh
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许军
杨俊�
张雁雯
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Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
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Abstract

一种氧化石墨烯和氯霉素直接结合的复合物的制备方法,其中将石墨粉和硝酸钠加入到浓硫酸中,加高锰酸钾,冰浴反应,然后于30℃‑60℃水浴中继续搅拌,加去离子水,搅拌,加双氧水,搅拌,抽滤,用盐酸以及去离子水洗涤,加β‑环糊精,搅拌,抽滤,用去离子水洗涤,置真空冷冻干燥,称取干燥物,加去离子水超声,加氢氧化钠后继续超声,加盐酸,加磷酸盐或硼酸盐缓冲溶液配制的氯霉素液,振荡,置真空冷冻干燥,得氧化石墨烯和氯霉素直接结合的复合物。

Description

氧化石墨烯和氯霉素直接结合的复合物的制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于氧化石墨烯应用领域,具体涉及一种氧化石墨烯和氟尿嘧啶或氯霉素直接结合为复合物的制备方法。
背景技术
氧化石墨烯和药物直接结合是一种可以增加药物稳定性或降低药物不良反应的方法。氟尿嘧啶是抗代谢抗肿瘤药物,能在分子水平上代替正常代谢物尿嘧啶,抑制胸腺嘧啶合成酶使其失活,从而抑制DNA的合成,最后导致肿瘤细胞死亡。氟尿嘧啶的抗瘤谱比较广,是临床治疗实体肿瘤的首选药物,但是氟尿嘧啶的不良反应比较多,常见有:胃肠道反应、骨髓抑制、脱发等。
氯霉素主要作用于细胞核糖体50S亚基,能特异性地阻止mRNA与核糖体结合,从而阻止细菌蛋白质的合成;主要对革兰阴性菌和革兰阳性菌都有抑制作用,临床上主要用于治疗伤寒、沙眼、结膜炎等;氯霉素在干燥状态下可保持抗菌活性5年以上,但是其水溶液不稳定,容易分解为无效物。
石墨烯是由只有一个原子直径厚度的碳原子,以sp2杂化连接的单原子层构成的二维原子晶体,碳原子排列呈蜂窝状。石墨烯是构成其他维度碳材料的基本单元,它可以折叠成零维的富勒烯,卷曲成一维的碳纳米管和堆垛成三维的石墨,其理论厚度仅为0.35nm,是目前所发现的最薄的二维材料,也是目前最理想的二维纳米材料。氧化石墨烯是石墨烯的含氧衍生物,它的结构与石墨烯大体相同,只是在其表面上连有大量羟基、羰基等亲水性含氧官能团。这些含氧官能团的存在使氧化石墨烯更容易进行结构改造和功能化,比石墨烯更适于生物医药方面的应用。氧化石墨烯具有单原子层厚度,其两个基面都可以吸附药物,所以具有其他纳米材料无可比拟的超高载药率。将氟尿嘧啶或氯霉素分别和氧化石墨烯直接结合,形成氧化石墨烯和药物的复合物。基于氧化石墨烯具有较高的载药量、分别和氟尿嘧啶或氯霉素结合为复合物,有望在临床上降低氟尿嘧啶的不良反应,或者是提高氯霉素水溶液的稳定性。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于制备氧化石墨烯和氟尿嘧啶直接结合为复合物的制备方法。氧化石墨烯具有很大的比表面积,可以通过非共价键作用吸附氟尿嘧啶从而形成氧化石墨烯和氟尿嘧啶复合物。该复合物有望在临床上把氟尿嘧啶传递到肿瘤靶器官发挥作用,减少其他组织的氟尿嘧啶存在,降低氟尿嘧啶的不良反应。
本发明的另一目在于制备氧化石墨烯和氯霉素直接结合为复合物的制备方法。氯霉素的化学结构为D-苏式-(-)-N-[α-羟基甲基)-β-羟基-对硝基苯乙基]-2,2二氯乙酰胺。在滴眼液、滴耳液等水溶液中氯霉素容易被水解、二醇物含量增加,缩短了氯霉素的保质期。利用氧化石墨烯很大的比表面积和氯霉素直接结合为复合物,通过非共价键作用保护氯霉素的结构稳定,提高氯霉素水溶液的稳定性。
具体实施方式
实施例1:
本实施例是氧化石墨烯和氟尿嘧啶直接结合为复合物的制备方法。将 10克石墨粉和3克-8克硝酸钠加入到冷却了的浓硫酸中,缓慢加入高锰酸钾 20克-40克,于冰浴中反应2小时-5小时,然后于30℃-60℃水浴中继续搅拌12小时-24小时,加入去离子水,搅拌30分钟后,加入500毫升30%的双氧水,搅拌,抽滤,并用一定浓度的盐酸洗涤,再用去离子水洗涤,加入1.5%β-环糊精1—100毫升,搅拌,抽滤,用去离子水洗涤,置冷冻干燥机中真空条件下冷冻干燥24小时-48小时,得干燥物,称取0.2克干燥物加入到50毫升去离子水中超声2小时,加入2mol/L的氢氧化钠溶液50毫升后继续超声振荡3小时,之后加入盐酸,再加入磷酸盐缓冲溶液配制的氟尿嘧啶液,充分振荡1小时-2小时,置冷冻干燥机中真空冷冻干燥24小时-48小时,得氧化石墨烯和氟尿嘧啶直接结合的复合物。
取氧化石墨烯和氟尿嘧啶直接结合的复合物用磷酸盐缓冲溶液溶解,然后用高速离心机以12000rpm离心10分钟,以265nm作为检测波长,按分光光度法测定上清液的吸光度,计算载药量。
实施例2:
本实施例是氧化石墨烯和氯霉素直接结合为复合物的制备方法。将10 克石墨粉和3克-8克硝酸钠加入到冷却了的浓硫酸中,缓慢加入高锰酸钾20 克-40克,于冰浴中反应2小时-5小时,然后于30℃-60℃水浴中继续搅拌 12小时-24小时,加入去离子水,搅拌30分钟后,加入500毫升30%的双氧水,搅拌,抽滤,并用一定浓度的盐酸洗涤,再用去离子水洗涤,加入1.5%β- 环糊精1-100毫升,搅拌,抽滤,用去离子水洗涤,置冷冻干燥机中真空条件下冷冻干燥24小时-48小时,得干燥物,称取0.2克干燥物加入到50毫升去离子水中超声2小时,加入2mol/L的氢氧化钠溶液50毫升后继续超声振荡3 小时,之后加入盐酸,再加入硼酸盐缓冲溶液配制的氯霉素液,充分振荡1小时-2小时,置冷冻干燥机中真空冷冻干燥24小时-48小时,得氧化石墨烯和氯霉素直接结合的复合物。
取氧化石墨烯和氯霉素直接结合的复合物用硼酸盐缓冲溶液溶解,然后用高速离心机以12000rpm离心10分钟,以278nm作为检测波长,按分光光度法测定上清液的吸光度,计算载药量。

Claims (1)

1.氧化石墨烯和氯霉素直接结合的 复合物的制备方法:将10克石墨粉和3克-8克硝酸钠加入到冷却了的浓硫酸中,缓慢加入高锰酸钾20克-40克,于冰浴中反应2小时-5小时,然后于30℃-60℃水浴中继续搅拌12小时-24小时,加入去离子水,搅拌30分钟后,加入500毫升30%的双氧水,搅拌,抽滤,并用一定浓度的盐酸洗涤,再用去离子水洗涤,加入1.5%β-环糊精1-100毫升,搅拌,抽滤,用去离子水洗涤,置冷冻干燥机中真空条件下冷冻干燥24小时-48小时,得干燥物,称取0.2克干燥物加入到50毫升去离子水中超声2小时,加入2mol/L的氢氧化钠溶液50毫升后继续超声振荡3小时,之后加入盐酸,再加入硼酸盐缓冲溶液配制的氯霉素液,充分振荡1小时-2小时,置冷冻干燥机中真空冷冻干燥24小时-48小时,得氧化石墨烯和氯霉素直接结合的复合物。
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