CN104539363B - Self-adaptive transmission method for multicolor LED visible light communication - Google Patents
Self-adaptive transmission method for multicolor LED visible light communication Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a self-adaptive transmission method for multicolor LED visible light communication. The self-adaptive transmission method comprises the steps that a system enters a configuration negotiation status under the condition that multicolor LED available transmission bandwidth is unknown and the change of signal to interference ratio exceeds a threshold value during normal communication; in the configuration negotiation status, unequal bandwidth transmission on different colors is achieved by transmitting estimated available bandwidth and an effective signal to interference ratio of a leader sequence and by adopting an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing virtual subcarrier method, an error correction coding code rate is selected according to an equivalent signal to interference ratio of the system, and a suitable modulation method is selected according to equivalent signal to interference ratios of all subcarriers in available bandwidth of all the colors, so self-adaptive transmission approaching channel capacity is achieved; after configuration negotiation is completed, the system enters a normal communication status and performs communication transmission. According to the self-adaptive transmission method, by introducing the virtual subcarriers, OFDM modulation with the same subcarrier spacing is adopted on different colors, so the implementation complexity is lowered; the coding code rate of subcarrier modulation is selected through the equivalent signal to interference ratio, and therefore bandwidth efficiency and power efficiency are effectively improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of multi-colored led visible light communication adaptive transmission method, belongs to visible light communication technology.
Background technology
Wireless light communication (OWC) is abundant and unrestricted because of its frequency spectrum resource, and transmission power can be improved greatly and receive signal to noise ratio,
Electromagnetic radiation level is low, the advantage such as safety is good and obtain the concern of communications field research worker, and be increasingly becoming study hotspot.
In recent years, it is seen that optical communication technique has obtained rapid development, IEEE has formulated IEEE802.15.7 standards, to its physics
Layer (PHY, Physics) and media access control layer (MAC, Medium Access Control) implementation method and parameter index
Standardization is carried out.In order to improve the transfer rate of radio optical communication system, to anti-multipath jamming, OFDM modulation systems are introduced into
Wherein, research worker finds that OFDM is a kind of mode for effectively improving radio optical communication system performance from theoretical and experiment.And
The wireless optical ofdm communication system for occurring at present is mostly for specific channel design, it is ensured that in worst channel condition
Under also can proper communication, but traffic rate no difference under severe channel circumstance and good channel circumstance, it is such
System can not be changed into transfer rate gain good channel condition.
As current radio optical communication system generally adopts intensity modulated/direct detection (IM/DD), therefore to ensure
The positive real property of OFDM time-domain signals.Two optic communication OFDM structures being widely adopted now are non-symmetrical clipping light OFDM
And direct current biasing light OFDM (DCO-OFDM) (ACO-OFDM).ACO-OFDM is that traditional OFDM is transmitted in optic communication special channel
Improvement, proposed in 2006 by Australian Scientists Jean Armstrong, its basic thinking is exactly with more sub
Carrier wave meets the characteristic of optical channel by the properties that Fourier is converted to exchange transmitting symbol in time domain, its frequency domain symbol
Number meet conjugate symmetry and the value in even subcarriers is all 0, only 1/4 subcarrier and is used to send significant character, therefore
The availability of frequency spectrum is than relatively low；But it should not add direct current biasing, capacity usage ratio can be improved.The frequency domain symbol of DCO-OFDM is also full
Sufficient conjugate symmetry, but the value in even subcarriers should not be asked to be 0, there is 1/2 subcarrier to be used to transmit significant character, frequency spectrum profit
It is high with rate, but which is in order that time-domain signal is on the occasion of needing to add extra direct current biasing to the signal of IFFT outputs, reduce
Capacity usage ratio.
White light LEDs can be divided into monocrystalline type and polymorphic according to the difference of light emitting diode quantity.Common monocrystalline type white light
LED is that producing white light, its technology is simple, low price using monolithic blue-ray LED deexcitation yellow fluorescent powder, at this stage white
Light LED is mainly that, using this technology, but its color rendering index and luminous efficiency are all relatively low.Common polymorphic white light LEDs
That the LED that red, green, blue, Huang etc. plant color is carried out into colour mixture so as to produce white light, its color rendering index and luminous efficiency relative to
Monocrystalline type white light LEDs all have a distinct increment, but its technology is relative complex, relatively costly at this stage.Both LED etc. can be used for
Visible light communication, and the diode of the multiple color of polymorphous LED can also be modulated respectively and add optical filtering in receiving terminal again
Piece obtains multiple relatively independent channels, realizes that visible ray multiband communicates, improves transfer rate.But polymorphic LED
The characteristic of channel of the subchannels such as red, green, blue, Huang is different, and this little letter can be made full use of by adaptive modulation technology
The bandwidth in road.
The content of the invention
Goal of the invention：In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention to provide a kind of suitable for multi-colored led visible
The adaptive transmission scheme of optical communication system, the system can adaptively change tune according to the difference of each color optical channel
System, so as to improve transfer rate while system communication reliability is guaranteed.
Technical scheme：For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is：
A kind of multi-colored led visible light communication adaptive transmission method, system include two kinds of works of configuring negotiation and proper communication
Make state, signal interference ratio change occurs in unknown multi-colored led available transmission bandwidth and proper communication more than under threshold condition, enters
Enter configuring negotiation state；In configuring negotiation state, available bandwidth and effective signal interference ratio are estimated by sending targeting sequencing, adopted
OFDM (OFDM) virtual subnet carrier method realizes not homochromy upper different-bandwidth transmission, with according to the equivalent signal interference ratio choosing of system
Error Correction of Coding code check is selected, and suitable modulator approach is selected according to the equivalent signal interference ratio of each subcarrier in each color available bandwidth,
Realization approaches the Adaptive Transmission of channel capacity；After configuring negotiation is completed, system enters normal communication state, carries out communication biography
It is defeated.
The present invention causes not homochromy upper employing subcarrier spacing identical OFDM modulation by introducing virtual subcarrier, significantly
Implementation complexity is simplified, encoder bit rate and subcarrier-modulated are selected by equivalent signal interference ratio, band efficiency is effectively increased
And power efficiency.
In configuring negotiation state, comprise the steps：First, transmitter sends pilot frequency sequence known to specific receiving terminal
To receiver；Then, receiver estimates the signal interference ratio on each subcarrier according to the pilot frequency sequence for receiving, and obtains adapting to work as
Configured transmission under the conditions of front system channel, and the configured transmission is sent to into receiver；Then, transmitter receives configured transmission
Afterwards, according to transmission parameter settings transmitter, ACK is sent after success is set to receiver；Again, receiver receives ack signal
Afterwards, according to transmission parameter settings receiver, ACK is sent after success is set to transmitter, transmitter receives ACK, represents ginseng
Number configuration terminates, and system enters normal communication state；Finally, Receiver And Transmitter carries out normal data transfer.
The method specifically includes following steps：
(1) after system boot enter configuring negotiation state, transmitter first each color (as RGB it is trichroism) subchannel
On ZC sequences known to specific, receiving terminal are placed on each subcarrier, ZC sequences Jing conjugation is symmetrical and fast Fourier transform
ZC sequences time-domain signal is converted to after (IFFT conversion) and is sent；Wherein ZC sequences are targeting sequencing, and its expression formula is：
In formula：Radical exponents of the r for ZC sequences, length N with ZC sequencesZCIt is coprime；K=0,1 ..., NZC- 1, q are arbitrarily whole
Number；For the sake of simplicity, q can value be 0, NZCCan value for ofdm system sub-carrier number NSC；
(2) signal sequence that each color subchannel of receiver is gone and received with same ZC sequence time-domain signals respectively
Correlation is done, the relevant peaks for obtaining are synchronous peak, formula is as follows：
In formula：Y (n) represents the signal sequence for receiving, xZCN () represents known ZC sequence time-domain signals, p (d) is y
(n) and xZCN the cross-correlation function of (), independent variables of the d for cross-correlation function, length of the N for ZC sequences, n are represented and receive signal
Position；As ZC sequences have good autocorrelation performance, therefore using the peak value of p (d) as ZC sequence synchronization heads, according to synchronization
Head extracts the ZC sequence time-domain signal y after channel from the signal sequence for receivingZC(n)；
(3) y received by each color subchannel of receiverZCN () is done fast Fourier transform (FFT) and is obtained
The frequency-region signal Y of ZC sequencesZCN (), obtains the frequency domain response of channel with LS algorithms：
In formula：H (n) is the corresponding channel coefficients of n-th subcarrier, XZCAnd YZCRepresented without channel and process respectively
The frequency domain ZC sequence of channel；
(4) channel parameter H, X according to each color subchannelZCThe estimated value of reconstructed reception sequence：
Then the noise jamming variance on each subcarrier isObtain the letter of each subcarrier
The estimated value of dry ratio isThere is certain difference between the estimated value and actual value of this SINR
Away from needs are modified according to prior information and obtain more accurately SINR estimated values；According to the mistake of predetermined chnnel coding code check
Bit-rate requirements select the order of modulation of each subcarrier, and subcarrier of the SINR value less than predetermined SINR lower limits is set to virtually
Subcarrier, i.e. not transmission data on these sub-carriers, then receiver configuration information signaling channel is sent to into transmitter；
(5) transmitter receives configuration information and after CRC confirms that configuration information is correct, sends ack signal to reception
Machine；
(6) receiver returns an ACK to transmitter after receiving ACK, and transmitter confirms the configuration of both sides after receiving ACK
Negotiation is completed, and into normal communication periods, starts to send user data with the configuration consulted；
(7) receiving terminal normally receives user data, and the signal interference ratio SINR of tracking and monitoring system, if SINR occurs substantially
Change, then reenter configuring negotiation state, consults configuration again, realizes the adaptive updates of configured transmission and channel.
The present invention is not only suitable for multi-colored led visible light communication and is also applied for monochromatic LED and infrared visible light communication system,
Automatically become as monochromatic LED adaptive transmission scheme when the color for simultaneously participating in transmission takes a period of time program.
Beneficial effect：The multi-colored led visible light communication adaptive transmission method that the present invention is provided, with following advantage：1、
Bandwidth self-adaption, acquisition are close to the transfer rate of channel capacity；2nd, by virtual subnet ZAP determining transmission bandwidth, it is not required to
Hardware to be changed, greatly simplify system design；3rd, different LEDs and different application scenarios are adapted to, expanding can
See the use range of optic communication；4th, when the characteristic of channel changes, configuring negotiation can be re-started automatically, recovers proper communication, be increased
Strong system exerts rod.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the system work of the adaptive transmission scheme suitable for multi-colored led visible light communication system proposed by the present invention
Make state transition diagram；
Fig. 2 is the transmitter of the adaptive transmission scheme suitable for multi-colored led visible light communication system and receiver response
Time diagram；
Fig. 3 is the input and output schematic diagram of the auto-adaptive parameter selection algorithm of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is to test the trichroism Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio of the one group of RGB for obtaining on a hardware platform, and in figure, Frequency represents frequency
Rate；Wherein 4 (a) represents red, and 4 (b) represents green, and 4 (c) represents blue.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention is further described.
It is illustrated in figure 1 a kind of multi-colored led visible light communication adaptive transmission method, system includes configuring negotiation and normal
, there is signal interference ratio change in unknown multi-colored led available transmission bandwidth and proper communication more than threshold in two kinds of working conditions of communication
In the case of value, into configuring negotiation state；In configuring negotiation state, by transmission targeting sequencing estimation available bandwidth and effectively
Signal interference ratio, realizes not homochromy upper different-bandwidth transmission using OFDM (OFDM) virtual subnet carrier method, with according to system
Equivalent signal interference ratio selects Error Correction of Coding code check, and selects suitable according to the equivalent signal interference ratio of each subcarrier in each color available bandwidth
Modulator approach, realization approaches the Adaptive Transmission of channel capacity；After configuring negotiation is completed, system enters normal communication state,
Carry out communications.
Fig. 2 gives the detailed transmitter of system and receiver response sequential chart：First, transmitter sends specific reception
Known to end, pilot frequency sequence is to receiver；Then, receiver estimates the letter on each subcarrier according to the pilot frequency sequence for receiving
Dry ratio, obtains adapting to the configured transmission under current system channel condition, and the configured transmission is sent to receiver；Then, send out
After the machine of penetrating receives configured transmission, according to transmission parameter settings transmitter, ACK is sent after success is set to receiver；Again, connect
After receipts machine receives ack signal, according to transmission parameter settings receiver, ACK is sent after success is set to transmitter, transmitter
ACK is received, represents that parameter configuration terminates, system enters normal communication state；Finally, Receiver And Transmitter carries out normal data
Transmission.
As shown in figure 1, the method specifically includes following steps：
(1) after system boot enter configuring negotiation state, transmitter first each color (as RGB it is trichroism) subchannel
On ZC sequences known to specific, receiving terminal are placed on each subcarrier, ZC sequences Jing conjugation is symmetrical and fast Fourier transform
ZC sequences time-domain signal is converted to after (IFFT conversion) and is sent；Wherein ZC sequences are targeting sequencing, and its expression formula is：
In formula：Radical exponents of the r for ZC sequences, length N with ZC sequencesZCIt is coprime；K=0,1 ..., NZC- 1, q are arbitrarily whole
Number；For the sake of simplicity, q can value be 0, NZCCan value for ofdm system sub-carrier number NSC；
(2) signal sequence that each color subchannel of receiver is gone and received with same ZC sequence time-domain signals respectively
Correlation is done, the relevant peaks for obtaining are synchronous peak, formula is as follows：
In formula：Y (n) represents the signal sequence for receiving, xZCN () represents known ZC sequence time-domain signals, p (d) is y
(n) and xZCN the cross-correlation function of (), independent variables of the d for cross-correlation function, length of the N for ZC sequences, n are represented and receive signal
Position；As ZC sequences have good autocorrelation performance, therefore using the peak value of p (d) as ZC sequence synchronization heads, according to synchronization
Head extracts the ZC sequence time-domain signal y after channel from the signal sequence for receivingZC(n)；
(3) y received by each color subchannel of receiverZCN () is done fast Fourier transform (FFT) and is obtained
The frequency-region signal Y of ZC sequencesZCN (), obtains the frequency domain response of channel with LS algorithms：
In formula：H (n) is the corresponding channel coefficients of n-th subcarrier, XZCAnd YZCRepresented without channel and process respectively
The frequency domain ZC sequence of channel；
(4) channel parameter H, X according to each color subchannelZCThe estimated value of reconstructed reception sequence：
Then the noise jamming variance on each subcarrier isObtain the letter of each subcarrier
The estimated value of dry ratio isThere is certain difference between the estimated value and actual value of this SINR
Away from needs are modified according to prior information and obtain more accurately SINR estimated values；According to the mistake of predetermined chnnel coding code check
Bit-rate requirements select the order of modulation of each subcarrier, and subcarrier of the SINR value less than predetermined SINR lower limits is set to virtually
Subcarrier, i.e. not transmission data on these sub-carriers, then receiver configuration information signaling channel is sent to into transmitter；
(5) transmitter receives configuration information and after CRC confirms that configuration information is correct, sends ack signal to reception
Machine；
(6) receiver returns an ACK to transmitter after receiving ACK, and transmitter confirms the configuration of both sides after receiving ACK
Negotiation is completed, and into normal communication periods, starts to send user data with the configuration consulted；
(7) receiving terminal normally receives user data, and the signal interference ratio SINR of tracking and monitoring system, if SINR occurs substantially
Change, then reenter configuring negotiation state, consults configuration again, realizes the adaptive updates of configured transmission and channel.
The flow chart that Fig. 3 provides a kind of trichroism Transmission systems of use RGB.As shown in figure 3, adaptive modulation parameter optimization is calculated
Method is limited by the BER of the SINR on each subcarrier, system, specified through-put power and RGB colour mixtures require to determine that RGB colour mixtures will
Ask and refer to the light that sends of transmitting terminal after modulating mixed light and should be ensured that or white light that this is also the base of visible light communication
This requirement.
Fig. 4 shows and tests the trichroism Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio of the one group of RGB for obtaining on a hardware platform, if now we are arranged
The bandwidth of operation of system be 50M (actual samples frequency is 100M, the working band of front 50M, behind 50M be the symmetrical frequency of conjugation
Band), it is assumed that modulation system is limited to 256QAM, 64QAM, 16QAM, 4QAM.System has 128 subcarriers, is simplified system
Hardware is realized, subcarrier being divided into 8 groups, has 16 subcarriers per group, can affect low frequency because there is capacitance on analog circuit
The performance of several subcarriers, is fixedly installed the 0th～3 sub-carriers for virtual subcarrier.The modulation scheme that the present invention is obtained such as table 1
It is shown.This is because the low-frequency range Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio of HONGGUANG channel can use the modulation methods of higher order apparently higher than green glow and blue light
Formula, and the frequency band SINR of 40M to 50M is too low, it should it is set to virtual subcarrier.
1 RGB of table, tri- sub-channels modulation schemes
| Subcarrier sequence number | 0～3 | 4～15 | 16～63 | 64～95 | 96～111 | 112～127 |
| Red | Virtual subcarrier | 256QAM | 64QAM | 16QAM | 4QAM | Virtual subcarrier |
| Green | Virtual subcarrier | 64QAM | 64QAM | 16QAM | 4QAM | Virtual subcarrier |
| Blue | Virtual subcarrier | 64QAM | 64QAM | 16QAM | 4QAM | Virtual subcarrier |
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that：For the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications also should
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of multi-colored led visible light communication adaptive transmission method, it is characterised in that：System includes configuring negotiation and positive normal open
, there is signal interference ratio change in unknown multi-colored led available transmission bandwidth and proper communication more than threshold value in two kinds of working conditions of letter
In the case of, into configuring negotiation state；In configuring negotiation state, available bandwidth and effective letter are estimated by sending targeting sequencing
Dry ratio, realizes not homochromy upper different-bandwidth transmission using OFDM virtual subnet carrier method, with dry according to the equivalent letter of system
Than selecting Error Correction of Coding code check, and suitable modulation methods are selected according to the equivalent signal interference ratio of each subcarrier in each color available bandwidth
Method, realization approach the Adaptive Transmission of channel capacity；After configuring negotiation is completed, system enters normal communication state, is communicated
Transmission.
2. multi-colored led visible light communication adaptive transmission method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In configuration association
Business's state, comprises the steps：First, transmitter sends pilot frequency sequence known to specific receiving terminal to receiver；Then, connect
Receipts machine estimates the signal interference ratio on each subcarrier according to the pilot frequency sequence for receiving, and obtains adapting under current system channel condition
Configured transmission, and the configured transmission is sent to into receiver；Then, after transmitter receives configured transmission, according to configured transmission
Transmitter is set, ACK is sent after success is set to receiver；Again, after receiver receives ack signal, according to transmission ginseng
Number arranges receiver, sends ACK to transmitter after arranging success, and transmitter receives ACK, represents that parameter configuration terminates, system
Into normal communication state；Finally, Receiver And Transmitter carries out normal data transfer.
3. multi-colored led visible light communication adaptive transmission method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The method has
Body comprises the steps：
(1) configuring negotiation state is entered after system boot, transmitter will specific, reception first in each color subchannel
ZC sequences known to end are placed on each subcarrier, when ZC sequences are converted to ZC sequences Jing after being conjugated symmetrical and fast Fourier transform
Domain signal simultaneously sends；Wherein ZC sequences are targeting sequencing, and its expression formula is：
In formula：Radical exponents of the r for ZC sequences, length N with ZC sequencesZCIt is coprime；K=0,1 ..., NZC- 1, q are arbitrary integer；
(2) each color subchannel of receiver goes to do phase with the signal sequence for receiving with same ZC sequence time-domain signals respectively
Close, the relevant peaks for obtaining are synchronous peak, formula is as follows：
In formula：Y (n) represents the signal sequence for receiving, xZC(n) represent known to ZC sequence time-domain signals, p (d) be y (n) and
xZCThe cross-correlation function of (n), independent variables of the d for cross-correlation function, NZCFor the length of ZC sequences, n represents the position for receiving signal
Put；Using the peak value of p (d) as ZC sequence synchronization heads, extracted through channel from the signal sequence for receiving according to synchronous head
ZC sequence time-domain signal y afterwardsZC(n)；
(3) y received by each color subchannel of receiverZCN () does the frequency domain that fast Fourier transform obtains ZC sequences
Signal YZCN (), obtains the frequency domain response of channel with LS algorithms：
In formula：H (n) is the corresponding channel coefficients of n-th subcarrier, XZC(n) and YZCN () is represented respectively without channel and process
The frequency domain ZC sequence of channel；
(4) channel parameter H (n) according to each color subchannel, XZCThe estimated value of (n) reconstructed reception sequence：
YZC(n)=H (n) XZC(n)
Then the noise jamming variance on each subcarrier is σ2(n)=| YZC(n)-YZC(n)|2, obtain the signal interference ratio of each subcarrier
Estimated value be SINR (n)=σ2(n)·|YZC(n)|-2, there is a certain distance between the estimated value and actual value of this SINR,
Needs are modified according to prior information and obtain more accurately SINR estimated values；According to the errored bit of predetermined chnnel coding code check
Rate requires the order of modulation for selecting each subcarrier, and subcarrier of the SINR value less than predetermined SINR lower limits is set to virtual subnet load
Ripple, i.e. not transmission data on these sub-carriers, then receiver configuration information signaling channel is sent to into transmitter；
(5) transmitter receives configuration information and after CRC confirms that configuration information is correct, sends ack signal to receiver；
(6) receiver returns an ACK to transmitter after receiving ACK, and transmitter confirms the configuring negotiation of both sides after receiving ACK
Complete, into normal communication periods, start user data to be sent with the configuration consulted；
(7) receiving terminal normally receives user data, and the signal interference ratio SINR of tracking and monitoring system, if substantially becoming occurs in SINR
Change, then reenter configuring negotiation state, consult configuration again, realize the adaptive updates of configured transmission and channel.
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| CN105763256B (en) * | 2016-03-29 | 2018-10-12 | 东南大学 | Based on multi-colored led OFDM transmission method in a kind of visible light communication |
| CN105978626B (en) * | 2016-07-04 | 2018-06-12 | 东南大学 | A kind of LED visible light communication online adaptive bit, power distribution and code rate selection method |
| CN106559208A (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2017-04-05 | 南方科技大学 | Control method |
| CN107171727A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2017-09-15 | 东南大学 | A kind of carrier modulation exponent number adaptive approach of DCO ofdm systems |
| CN107466100B (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2020-07-14 | 东南大学 | Adaptive modulation method in visible light communication |
| US10505631B1 (en) | 2018-09-20 | 2019-12-10 | Wipro Limited | Method and system for adaptive light fidelity (Li-Fi) communication |
| CN109547103B (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2020-09-15 | 武汉邮电科学研究院有限公司 | Method and system for monitoring visible light channel |
| CN115580516A (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2023-01-06 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Signal processing method, receiving end, transmitting end and storage medium |
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| CN103414514B (en) * | 2013-08-07 | 2015-09-16 | 武汉邮电科学研究院 | The visible light communication system received based on OFDM modulation coding and frequency division and method |
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| CN103179059A (en) * | 2011-12-21 | 2013-06-26 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method and device for eliminating inter-carrier interference (ICI) |
| CN103384226A (en) * | 2012-05-02 | 2013-11-06 | 电信科学技术研究院 | Method and device for frequency domain equalization detection |
| CN103916342A (en) * | 2014-04-16 | 2014-07-09 | 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 | Signal-to-noise-ratio estimation method |
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