CN104538664B - A kind of cooling system with enhanced heat exchange and effective holding stack temperature uniformity - Google Patents
A kind of cooling system with enhanced heat exchange and effective holding stack temperature uniformity Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104538664B CN104538664B CN201410805398.6A CN201410805398A CN104538664B CN 104538664 B CN104538664 B CN 104538664B CN 201410805398 A CN201410805398 A CN 201410805398A CN 104538664 B CN104538664 B CN 104538664B
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- coolant flow
- flow channel
- coldplate
- liquid outlet
- feed pathway
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04067—Heat exchange or temperature measuring elements, thermal insulation, e.g. heat pipes, heat pumps, fins
- H01M8/04074—Heat exchange unit structures specially adapted for fuel cell
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Abstract
A kind of to be machined with seal groove with enhanced heat exchange and effective cooling system for keeping stack temperature uniformity, cold plate surface, the seal groove forms sealing structure with rubber seal, coldplate cover plate combination.Each battery unit is stacked, and side is connected with upper fixed structure, and opposite side is connected with lower fixed structure, and upper fixed structure, lower fixed structure are collectively forming fuel cell pack by four groups of symmetrical bolts, nut fixed Combination.Each feed pathway is crossed configuration with liquid outlet channel, and feed pathway and liquid outlet channel are bending continuous structure, and each adjacent feed pathway is opposite with the coolant flow direction in liquid outlet channel.Too low in order to prevent coolant inlet end cooling plate temperature, cooling liquid outlet end cooling plate temperature is too high, and the coolant flow direction of adjacent coolant flow channel is arranged on the contrary, to ensure the uniformity of temperature in coldplate in the coldplate.
Description
Technical field
Each component of the present invention provides one kind and can be used for effective control fuel cell pack internal temperature, ensures fuel cell pack
Internal temperature uniformity and reduction cooling agent leakage cooling system, belong to fuel cell stack thermal management technology field.
Background technology
The 21 century mankind are being continuously increased for the demand of the energy, but traditional fossil energy existing on the earth has
Limit, and be all consumed all the time, human needs looks for new fungible energy source to meet need in the decades in future
Ask, and Hydrogen Energy will turn into one of mostly important energy of the mankind.Fuel cell is that one kind can be direct by electrochemical reaction
Chemical energy is converted into the device of electric energy, and the process is not limited by Carnot cycle, can efficiently realize turning for energy
Change.Due to the energy conversion efficiency of fuel cell is high, before and after reaction it is pollution-free and the advantages that continuous power supply can be realized, therefore extensively
It is general to be applied to the fields such as Aero-Space, military affairs, automobile.Fuel cell by fuel feed system be each electrode continuously
Oxidizing and Reducing Agents is provided, then sends out into electrochemical reaction, and produce electric current.The operating efficiency of existing fuel cell is generally low
In 50%, so substantial amounts of heat is had during reaction produces (irreversible electrochemical reaction and Jiao as caused by resistance
It is the main source of pile generation used heat to have burning ears).
Requirement of the work of fuel cell to temperature environment is strict.When the operating temperature of fuel cell is too high, electricity will be caused
Pond heap internal-response gas humidity is relatively reduced, and water content reduces in film, causes proton conductivity to reduce, film resistance rise；Temperature
When spending low, the water caused in amberplex is easily concentrated, the probability that increase water logging occurs, reduces oxygen in diffusion layer with urging
Change the diffusivity of interlayer；Many experimental datas and analog simulation result all show that the power density of pile and temperature suffer from very
Close relationship.
Existing design has that cooling effect is poor, and pile interior temperature distribution is uneven after cooling and cooling agent is easily revealed more
The problems such as, therefore rational heat management will be the operating efficiency of guarantee fuel cell and the key of quick startup etc..
The content of the invention
The present invention is intended to provide a kind of effectively control temperature in fuel cell pack, ensure Temperature Distribution in fuel cell pack
Uniformity, and reduce the solution method of cooling agent usage amount.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows
A kind of novel fuel battery cooling system, the structure include coldplate 1, coolant flow channel a2, coolant flow channel b3, cooling
Runner c4, coolant flow channel d5, rubber seal 6, coldplate cover plate 7, reaction structure 8, bolt hole 9, battery unit 10, upper fixation
Structure 11, lower fixed structure 12, bolt 13, nut 14, fuel cell pack 15, feed pathway a16, feed pathway b17, feed liquor lead to
Road c18, feed pathway d19, liquid outlet channel a20, liquid outlet channel b21, liquid outlet channel c22, liquid outlet channel d23.
Specifically, fuel cell battery includes several battery units 10, and each battery unit 10 includes coldplate successively
1st, rubber seal 6, coldplate cover plate 7, reaction structure 8；The Surface Machining of coldplate 1 has seal groove, and the seal groove and rubber are close
Seal 6, coldplate cover plate 7, which combine, forms sealing structure, and in fuel cell operations, coolant temperature can gradually rise, and be
Internal pressure of uniting is higher than the pressure of air, and the sealing structure is advantageous to prevent the leakage of cooling agent, reduces the usage amount of cooling agent.
Reaction structure 8 is placed in the outside of coldplate cover plate 7.
Each battery unit 10 is stacked, and side is connected with upper fixed structure 11, and opposite side is connected with lower fixed structure 12, on
Fixed structure 11, lower fixed structure 12 are collectively forming fuel cell pack by four groups of symmetrical bolts 13, the fixed Combination of nut 14
15。
Stacked by each battery unit 10, each coolant flow channel on coldplate 1 forms liquid in-out passage；Specifically, it is cold
But runner is coolant flow channel a2 entrance, coolant flow channel b3 outlet, the outlet of coolant flow channel c4 entrance, coolant flow channel d5,
It is distributed on the one end of coldplate 1, symmetrical, and another entrance of coolant flow channel or outlet are arranged in the other end of coldplate 1；Pass through
The entrance for stacking coolant flow channel a2 forms feed pathway b17, and coolant flow channel b3 outlet forms liquid outlet channel b21, coolant flow channel
C4 entrance forms feed pathway a16, and coolant flow channel d5 outlet forms liquid outlet channel a20；Similarly, feed pathway c18, feed liquor
Another outlet or entrance of passage d19, liquid outlet channel c22, liquid outlet channel d23 with coolant flow channel are corresponding.Each coolant flow channel is
Continuous structure is bent, and the coolant flow direction in each adjacent coolant flow channel is on the contrary, such a structure can effectively facilitate coolant exists
Hydrodynamics phenomenon, the flow phenomenon such as generation Secondary Flow, whirlpool can increase the disturbance of coolant in coolant flow channel, break cooling
Heating power boundary layer in runner, the thermal resistance of heat convection is reduced, increase the enhanced heat exchange factor, improve heat exchange efficiency.While in order to
It is too low to prevent coolant inlet end cooling plate temperature, cooling liquid outlet end cooling plate temperature is too high, adjacent in the coldplate
The coolant flow direction of coolant flow channel is arranged on the contrary, to ensure the uniformity of temperature in coldplate.
The cooling plate material of coldplate 1 is using graphite or the metal material of good heat conduction effect etc..
Wherein rubber gasket 7 need to use preferable, the preferable material of corrosion resistance such as fluorubber of elasticity etc..
The course of work of the present invention is as follows, and when battery pile is in cold start, the temperature of cooling agent is slightly higher, for adding
The each stack unit of heat, realizes the quick startup of battery pile；When battery pile, which starts, to be finished, when temperature is too high, cooling agent is used
It is hot caused by stack unit reaction in absorbing.
Coolant is respectively by feed pathway a16, feed pathway b17, feed pathway c18, feed pathway d19 incoming fuels
Battery pile 15, through each battery unit 10, it is finally allocated to each coldplate 1.Coolant flows through cooling respectively in coldplate 1
Road a2, coolant flow channel b3, coolant flow channel c4, coolant flow channel d5 cool down to reaction structure 8.
In the process, due to being provided with multiple continuous bending structures in each coolant flow channel, the structure can promote secondary
The generation of the flow phenomenons such as stream, whirlpool, coolant is produced stronger disturbance, contribute to coolant to break heating power boundary layer, drop
Low thermal-convection resistance, improve cooling effectiveness.Different flow directions is taken in adjacent coolant flow channel in other coldplate, the design can
Effectively to avoid：At flow channel entry point end, because coolant initial temperature is low, good effect of heat exchange, and easily there is Han Qu；In runner exit
Because coolant temperature is high, exchange capability of heat is poor, hot-zone easily occurs at end.
Final coolant flows out fuel electricity through liquid outlet channel a20, liquid outlet channel b21, liquid outlet channel c22, liquid outlet channel d23
Pond heap 15.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that.
The 1st, multiple tracks bending structure is set in coldplate, promote the structures such as Secondary Flow, whirlpool to produce, reduces thermal resistance, is improved
The heat transfer effect of fuel cooling system, ensure the temperature control of fuel cell pack in optimum state.
2nd, by feed pathway, liquid outlet channel reasonable distribution so that the flow direction of adjacent coolant flow channel in coldplate
On the contrary, ensure the temperature distribution evenness of fuel cell pack.
3rd, by designing rubber seal, the leakage of coolant can be prevented, reduces the usage amount of coolant.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the top view of the coldplate of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the top view of the rubber seal of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the perspective view of the cooling cover plate of the present invention.
The battery unit that Fig. 4 is the present invention disassembles schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is the fuel cell pack schematic diagram of the present invention.
In figure：1st, coldplate, 2, coolant flow channel a, 3, coolant flow channel b, 4, coolant flow channel c, 5, coolant flow channel d, 6, rubber
Sealing ring, 7, coldplate cover plate, 8, reaction structure, 9, bolt hole, 10, battery unit, 11, upper fixed structure, 12, lower fixed knot
Structure, 13, bolt, 14, nut, 15, fuel cell pack, 16, feed pathway a, 17, feed pathway b, 18, feed pathway c, 19, enter
Liquid passage d, 20, liquid outlet channel a, 21, liquid outlet channel b, 22, liquid outlet channel c, 23, liquid outlet channel d.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is one of core component of the present invention, and coldplate 1 uses four-way structure, and existing coolant flow channel is more using straight
The structure such as runner and serpentine flow path, repeatedly continuous bending structure, the structure occur in the cooling duct in Fig. 1 can promote to cool down
Agent generates the hydrodynamics phenomenon such as Secondary Flow, whirlpool in runner, and the flow phenomenon will be helpful to break the heat in cooling duct
Force boundary layer, the enhanced heat exchange factor is improved, increase heat exchange efficiency.In coldplate in adjacent coolant flow channel, coolant flow direction
On the contrary, Fig. 1 has been marked, this kind arrangement helps to prevent occur hot-zone, Han Qu in cell panel, ensures the normal of fuel cell
Work.
The groove of cooling cover plate 7 combines to form coolant sealing knot in rubber seal 6, Fig. 3 in the groove of coldplate 1, Fig. 2 in Fig. 1
Structure, rubber seal 6 need to use corrosion-resistant elastomeric material.In cooling procedure, coolant is caused fuel battery inside by thermal evaporation
Air pressure is more than ambient pressure, and this kind of sealing structure effectively can prevent coolant from leaking, reduce the operating cost of fuel cell.
Cell of fuel cell is mainly made up of coldplate 1, rubber seal 6, cooling cover plate 7, reaction structure 8 in Fig. 4.
Wherein reaction structure mainly includes dividing plate, anode, negative electrode, dielectric film, fuel feed system etc..In battery unit, occur
(electronics produces electric current, O to electrochemical reaction through the external circuit from anode to negative electrode2-、H+Formed by dielectric film conjunction
Water) and substantial amounts of heat is generated, while electric current, because loop resistance be present, generates Joule heat in flow process.In order to ensure fuel
The normal work of battery, the heat of generation are needed to cool down by coldplate 1, and cooled liquid band is walked.
Fuel cell pack 15 is by the battery unit 10 of multiple stackings, upper fixed structure 11,12 groups of lower fixed structure in Fig. 5
Conjunction forms, in battery pile the connection of each structure be connected by screw bolts, wherein have 4 groups of bolts in the design, can root in practical application
It is modified according to needs.Feed pathway, liquid outlet channel in Fig. 5 in the distribution of the upper left side of fuel cell pack, lower right side is dispersed with
Feed pathway, liquid outlet channel.Coolant need to pass through in each coldplate of these channel allocations, and fuel cell pack is cooled down.
Claims (1)
- A kind of 1. cooling system with enhanced heat exchange and effective holding stack temperature uniformity, it is characterised in that：The structure bag Include coldplate (1), coolant flow channel a (2), coolant flow channel b (3), coolant flow channel c (4), coolant flow channel d (5), rubber seal (6), coldplate cover plate (7), reaction structure (8), bolt hole (9), battery unit (10), upper fixed structure (11), lower fixed knot Structure (12), bolt (13), nut (14), fuel cell pack (15), feed pathway a (16), feed pathway b (17), feed pathway c (18), feed pathway d (19), liquid outlet channel a (20), liquid outlet channel b (21), liquid outlet channel c (22), liquid outlet channel d (23)；Fuel cell includes several battery units (10), and each battery unit (10) is successively comprising coldplate (1), rubber seal (6), coldplate cover plate (7), reaction structure (8)；Coldplate (1) Surface Machining has seal groove, the seal groove and rubber seal (6), coldplate cover plate (7) combination forms sealing structure；Reaction structure (8) is placed on the outside of coldplate cover plate (7)；Each battery unit (10) is stacked, and side is connected with upper fixed structure (11), and opposite side is connected with lower fixed structure (12), Upper fixed structure (11), lower fixed structure (12) are collectively forming by four groups of symmetrical bolts (13), nut (14) fixed Combination Fuel cell pack (15)；Stacked by each battery unit (10), each coolant flow channel on coldplate (1) forms liquid in-out passage；Coolant flow channel is cold But runner a (2) entrance, coolant flow channel b (3) outlet, the outlet of coolant flow channel c (4) entrance, coolant flow channel d (5), its Coldplate (1) one end is distributed on, symmetrical, the other end of coolant flow channel outlet or entrance is arranged in coldplate (1) other end； Feed pathway b (17) is formed by the entrance for stacking coolant flow channel a (2), coolant flow channel b (3) outlet forms liquid outlet channel b (21), coolant flow channel c (4) entrance forms feed pathway a (16), and coolant flow channel d (5) outlet forms liquid outlet channel a (20)； Feed pathway c (18), feed pathway d (19), liquid outlet channel c (22), liquid outlet channel d (23) and coolant flow channel another outlet or Entrance is corresponding；Each coolant flow channel is bending continuous structure, and the coolant flow in each adjacent coolant flow channel is to opposite；The cooling plate material of coldplate (1) is using graphite, the metal material of good heat conduction effect；Rubber seal (6) uses fluorubber；When battery pile is in cold start, the temperature of cooling agent is slightly higher, for heating each stack unit, realizes battery The quick startup of heap；When battery pile, which starts, to be finished, when temperature is too high, cooling agent is used to absorb caused by stack unit reaction Heat；Cooling agent enters by feed pathway a (16), feed pathway b (17), feed pathway c (18), feed pathway d (19) respectively Fuel cell pack (15), through each battery unit (10), it is finally allocated to each coldplate (1)；Cooling agent is in coldplate (1) Reaction structure (8) is carried out through coolant flow channel a (2), coolant flow channel b (3), coolant flow channel c (4), coolant flow channel d (5) respectively cold But；In the process, due to being provided with multiple continuous bending structures in each coolant flow channel, the structure can promote Secondary Flow, whirlpool The generation of whirlpool flow phenomenon, cooling agent is produced stronger disturbance, contribute to cooling agent to break heating power boundary layer, reduce advection heat Resistance, improve cooling effectiveness；Different flow directions is taken in adjacent coolant flow channel in other coldplate, the design can effectively be kept away Exempt from：At flow channel entry point end because cooling agent initial temperature is low, good effect of heat exchange, and easily there is Han Qu；At runner exit end because of cooling Agent temperature is high, and exchange capability of heat is poor, hot-zone easily occurs；Final cooling agent is through liquid outlet channel a (20), liquid outlet channel b (21), liquid outlet channel c (22), liquid outlet channel d (23) outflow combustions Expect battery pile (15).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410805398.6A CN104538664B (en) | 2014-12-21 | 2014-12-21 | A kind of cooling system with enhanced heat exchange and effective holding stack temperature uniformity |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410805398.6A CN104538664B (en) | 2014-12-21 | 2014-12-21 | A kind of cooling system with enhanced heat exchange and effective holding stack temperature uniformity |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN104538664A CN104538664A (en) | 2015-04-22 |
| CN104538664B true CN104538664B (en) | 2017-11-10 |
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Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102015108611A1 (en) * | 2015-06-01 | 2016-12-01 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | vehicle component |
| EP3157092B1 (en) * | 2015-10-14 | 2020-01-01 | Samsung SDI Co., Ltd. | Battery module including a cooling plate with embedded cooling tubes |
| CN105406147B (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2018-10-26 | 湖南南车时代电动汽车股份有限公司 | A kind of battery cooled plate waterway structure and cell water cooling heat dissipation method |
| CN106856231B (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2019-09-17 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Battery pack |
| CN106711112B (en) * | 2017-01-19 | 2019-05-03 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of micro-channel heat exchanger that turbulent element is added |
| CN107039706A (en) * | 2017-05-09 | 2017-08-11 | 中国第汽车股份有限公司 | Electrokinetic cell liquid cooling plate |
| CN110571203A (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2019-12-13 | 全球能源互联网研究院有限公司 | Heat dissipation device for IGBT module |
| CN113571795B (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2023-10-13 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Temperature control assembly and battery pack |
| CN112952146B (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2021-07-27 | 禾美(浙江)汽车股份有限公司 | Fuel cell cooling plate for new energy automobile |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1381104A1 (en) * | 2002-07-12 | 2004-01-14 | Stefan Höller | Fuel cell stack with counterflow cooling and a plurality of coolant evacuation channels parallel to the stack axis |
| CN100464453C (en) * | 2005-05-20 | 2009-02-25 | 上海神力科技有限公司 | Combined type flow guide polar plate suitable for normal pressure or low pressure fuel cell |
| US20110262794A1 (en) * | 2010-04-21 | 2011-10-27 | Jihyoung Yoon | Battery pack and cooling system for a battery pack |
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