CN104535549B - 一种检测水中游离氯的荧光碳点纳米探针的制备及其应用 - Google Patents

一种检测水中游离氯的荧光碳点纳米探针的制备及其应用 Download PDF

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CN104535549B
CN104535549B CN201410833232.5A CN201410833232A CN104535549B CN 104535549 B CN104535549 B CN 104535549B CN 201410833232 A CN201410833232 A CN 201410833232A CN 104535549 B CN104535549 B CN 104535549B
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CN104535549A (zh
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赵书林
薛茗月
湛志华
张亮亮
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Guangxi Normal University
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Abstract

本发明一种检测水中游离氯的荧光碳点纳米探针的制备及其应用。首次采用由柠檬酸(CA)和L‑半胱氨酸为原料合成的氮、硫共掺杂碳点(N,S‑CDs)作为荧光探针,通过荧光信号猝灭检测水中游离氯。对N,S‑CDs的浓度、响应时间、溶液的pH值等实验条件进行了优化。在优化的条件下,体系的荧光强度猝灭程度与游离氯的浓度在0.01‑100μmol/L范围内呈现良好的线性关系(R 2=0.9945),检测限为5nmol/L。该方法作为检测水中游离氯的有效方法,表现出显著的优势。具有简单、低成本、绿色、高选择性、快速、灵敏等特点,已经成功应用于检测桂林当地自来水、游泳池水中的游离氯,该传感方法在环境分析领域的水质分析中具有广阔的应用前景。

Description

一种检测水中游离氯的荧光碳点纳米探针的制备及其应用
技术领域
本发明属于环境分析技术领域,具体是一种检测水中游离氯的荧光碳点纳米探针的制备及其应用。
背景技术
氯是一种常见的氧化剂,已广泛用于水的消毒,漂白,以及其他众多的工业制造过程中。在水的处理过程中,游离余氯(包括溶解在水中的Cl2、HClO和ClO-总和)的浓度必须被严格控制,既不能太低也不能太高,游离余氯浓度太低,不能杀死水中的病毒和致病菌,达不到有效清洁和净化水的目的;如果游离余氯浓度太高也是有害的,因为过多的游离氯与水中存在的有机物反应产生大量有害的副产品,特别是三卤甲烷(THMs),已经被报道其对人类和动物均有伤害,因此,监测和控制生活饮用水、游泳池水和废水再利用水里的游离氯是非常必要的。迄今为止,许多基于不同原理的分析方法,比如比色法(Standard Methodsfor the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 16th ed.; APHA, AWWA, WPCF:Washington, D.C., 1985; pp 309-314)、化学发光方法(Claver, J. J.; Miron, M. C.V.; Vallvey, L. F. C. Anal. Chim. Acta 2004, 522, 267−273)、电化学方法(Murata,M.; Ivandini, T. A.; Shibata, M.; Nomura, S.; Fujishima, A.; Einaga, Y. J.Electroanal. Chem. 2008, 612, 29-36)、液相色谱方法(Watanabe, T.; Idehara, T.;Yoshimura, Y.; Nakazawa, H. J. Chromatogr., A 1998, 796, 397-400)和荧光方法(Yan, Y.; Wang, S. H.; Liu, Z. W.; Wang, H. S.; Huang, D. J. Anal. Chem.2010, 82, 9775−9781)等都已经发展成熟了。然而,这些方法分别具有各自的局限性,如,许多方法使用有毒试剂,有些方法选择性差,灵敏度低和操作复杂。因此,开发一种简便、环保,且选择性好、灵敏度高和成本低的检测水中游离氯的方法,仍然具有重要的现实意义。
碳点(CDs),作为碳纳米材料家族的新成员,是直径小于10 nm的碳纳米颗粒,通常由SP2杂化的碳原子、富含氧和氢的物质所组成。CDs相比与传统的有机荧光染料和金属量子点,有许多优点,比如突出的光学性质、低毒性、良好的生物相容性和稳定的化学惰性。因此,CDs在环境分析中的应用是目前分析测试领域的研究热点,已经发现在生物成像、光催化、发光设备、光电子学等领域都有潜在的应用。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种检测水中游离氯的荧光碳点纳米探针的制备及其应用,该方法简便、便宜、环保,并且具有良好的选择性、高的灵敏度和低的检测限。
实现本发明目的的技术方案是:
一种检测水中游离氯的荧光碳点纳米探针的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)称取2.0 g 柠檬酸(9.5 mmol)和1 g L-半胱氨酸(8.3 mmol)溶解在5 mL水中;
(2)然后在70℃下蒸发至干;
(3)然后转移到聚四氟乙烯内衬的高压反应釜里,以每分钟10℃的速率加热至200℃,并保持3 h,得到的红棕色溶液;
(4)用1 mol/LNaOH溶液调节pH至7.0;
(5)然后以12000 rmp的速度离心,得到N, S-CDs水溶液;
(6)透析(MWCO:1 KDa,孔隙大小:1.0 nm),分离未反应的物质,于4 ℃避光保存。
本发明荧光碳点纳米探针在水中遇到游离氯时,具有荧光猝灭作用。
本发明荧光碳点纳米探针在检测游离氯的特异性的应用:
在pH=5的磷酸盐缓冲溶液当中,当N, S-CDs的浓度为1 μg/mL,游离氯对N, S-CDs的响应速度快,10 min达到最佳反应时间,在该条件下检测游离氯的效果最佳。
制得的N,S-CDs荧光纳米探针用于检测水中的游离氯,检测限低至5 nmol/L,线性响应范围:0.01-100 μmol/L(R 2= 0.9945)。特别适合游离氯含量比较低的实际样品检测。已经用于检测桂林当地自来水、游泳池水样的检测(图1)。
本发明具有以下优点:
1.是一种非常简单、低成本并且环保的方法,合成原料柠檬酸和L-半胱氨酸价格低廉、来源广。
2.该荧光碳点采用水热方式碳化,具有制备仪器设备简单、碳化时间短等优点。
3.该荧光碳点制备简单、快速、无毒,可以实现商品化生产。
4.该传感方法具有高度的灵敏性和很好的选择性,线性响应范围非常宽:从0.01to 100 μmol/L,检测线达到5 nmol/L,在所有报道的方法中是最低的。
5.该传感方法检测快速,响应时间短。
因此,N, S-CDs可以作为游离氯的荧光探针检测水中游离氯。由于方法简单、低成本、绿色、高选择性、快速、灵敏,方法具有很好的应用前景。
附图说明
图1 桂林当地水中游离氯加标后的检测结果
图2 pH=5.0的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,N, S-CDs的特异性考察
图3 该传感系统检测游离氯的工作曲线
图4 游离氯对N, S-CDs荧光猝灭效果图
图5 N, S-CDs荧光材料的光电子能谱图
图6 N, S-CDs荧光材料的拉曼光谱图
图7 N, S-CDs荧光材料的X射线衍射图
图8 N, S-CDs荧光材料的傅里叶转换红外光谱图。
具体实施方式
实施例1
N, S-CDs荧光探针的制备
N, S-CDs荧光纳米探针由水热合成方式,具体步骤如下:称取2.0 g 柠檬酸(9.5mmol)和1 g L-半胱氨酸(8.3 mmol)溶解在5 mL水中,然后在70℃下蒸发至干,然后转移到聚四氟乙烯内衬的高压反应釜里,以每分钟10℃的速率加热至200 ℃,并保持3 h,得到的红棕色溶液,用1 mol/LNaOH溶液调节pH至7.0,然后以12000 rmp的速度离心,得到N, S-CDs水溶液,透析(MWCO:1 KDa,孔隙大小:1.0 nm),分离未反应的物质,于4 ℃避光保存。
实施例2
利用N,S-CDs荧光探针检测水中游离氯的应用
在pH=5的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,当N, S-CDs的浓度为1 μg/mL,游离氯对N, S-CDs的响应速度快,在345 nm波长激发下,N, S-CDs的荧光很快被猝灭了约60%,在10 min时,荧光被猝灭了约80%,在随后的1小时里,荧光强度基本保持不变。

Claims (2)

1.一种N, S-CDs荧光碳点纳米探针在检测水中游离氯的特异性中的应用,其特征是:
所述N, S-CDs荧光碳点纳米探针采用包括如下步骤的方法制得:
(1)称取柠檬酸9.5 mmol和L-半胱氨酸8.3 mmol溶解在5 mL水中;
(2)然后在70℃下蒸发至干;
(3)然后转移到聚四氟乙烯内衬的高压反应釜里,以每分钟10℃的速率加热至200 ℃,并保持3 h,得到红棕色溶液;
(4)用1 mol/LNaOH溶液调节pH至7.0;
(5)然后以12000 rmp的速度离心,得到N, S-CDs水溶液;
(6)透析MWCO:1 KDa,孔隙大小:1.0 nm,分离未反应的物质,于4 ℃避光保存;
用于检测水中游离氯的线性响应范围为0.01~100μmol/L;
在pH=5的磷酸盐缓冲溶液当中,当N, S-CDs的浓度为1 μg/mL,游离氯对N, S-CDs的响应速度快,10 min达到最佳反应时间,在该条件下检测游离氯的效果最佳。
2.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征是:检测限低至5nmol/L。
CN201410833232.5A 2014-12-30 2014-12-30 一种检测水中游离氯的荧光碳点纳米探针的制备及其应用 Expired - Fee Related CN104535549B (zh)

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