CN104532938B - A kind of rain-water accumulating that solves city waterlogging, haze and tropical island effect stays system - Google Patents
A kind of rain-water accumulating that solves city waterlogging, haze and tropical island effect stays system Download PDFInfo
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- CN104532938B CN104532938B CN201410793993.2A CN201410793993A CN104532938B CN 104532938 B CN104532938 B CN 104532938B CN 201410793993 A CN201410793993 A CN 201410793993A CN 104532938 B CN104532938 B CN 104532938B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F1/00—Methods, systems, or installations for draining-off sewage or storm water
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
- E03B3/00—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water
- E03B3/02—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water from rain-water
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
- E03F5/10—Collecting-tanks; Equalising-tanks for regulating the run-off; Laying-up basins
- E03F5/103—Naturals or landscape retention bodies, e.g. ponds
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage; Sky-lights
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage; Sky-lights
- E04D13/04—Roof drainage; Drainage fittings in flat roofs, balconies or the like
- E04D13/08—Down pipes; Special clamping means therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/108—Rainwater harvesting
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/60—Planning or developing urban green infrastructure
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of rain-water accumulating that solves city waterlogging, haze and tropical island effect and stay system, take community as unit, comprise the outdoor greening system building on building roof, multiple ecological filters and 1-2 landscape reservoir that Around Buildings arranges, the other ecological grass trench system arranging of parking lot, community, square and community's road; Advantage of the present invention: by building greening system at building roof, ground arranges rainwater-collecting tank, ecological filter, ecological grass trench system etc., it is main the discharge regime of rainwater being oozed below, cover underground water, annual water catchment area in community rainfall runoff coefficient is controlled in 0.12-0.15, reaches the rainfall runoff coefficient design standard in greenery patches, national park. The temperature difference is controlled in 1-3 DEG C, has thoroughly solved waterlogging, haze and the tropical island effect of community in urban areas, and has given landscape function, forms Rain Garden system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of rain water collecting system, is that a kind of rain-water accumulating that solves city waterlogging, haze and tropical island effect stays system specifically.
Background technology
For a long time, China's urban development adopts the construction mode of stand large flat bread, being no matter the public infrastructure developments such as housing development or road, square, underground pipe network, is mostly that the immoderate employing armored concrete of milli hardens, and has thoroughly changed the original ecology in earth's surface, strengthen rainfall runoff, cause rainwater resource to run off, the serious atrophy of urban wetland, underground water can not get effectively supplementing, urban ecological system disorder, geological disaster happens occasionally.
The overvulcanization in city has aggravated city waterlogging, haze and tropical island effect, once rain for a long time, the rainwater if sewer can not in time, successfully be drained, just there will be serious city waterlogging; High, large, on urban construction pattern, traditional monsoon passage is blocked, and urban climate environment food steamer, adds that surface sealing causes deleterious particle in air to adhere to, the aggravation of haze degree, down town and suburb temperature difference are also increased to 8-13 degree suddenly by 1-3 degree.
In order to alleviate Urban Water Environment problem, urban construction at present, water sector have done a large amount of work, but be all to take beautifying city as target, in region, build greenery patches, add cistern around water pump, cistern generally adopts reinforced concrete to build, and cannot permeate, the less consideration rainwater ecological functions such as dissolve, city waterlogging, haze and tropical island effect still cannot thoroughly solve. Therefore, how in urban construction, overcoming hardening illness, thoroughly solve city waterlogging, haze and tropical island effect, is city managers' problems in the urgent need to address.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the problems referred to above, provide a kind of rain-water accumulating that can thoroughly solve city waterlogging, haze and tropical island effect to stay system.
Technical scheme of the present invention: a kind of rain-water accumulating that solves city waterlogging, haze and tropical island effect stays system, it is characterized in that, builds by following measures:
(1) take community as unit, each building roof in community builds outdoor greening system, described outdoor greening system comprises roof vegetable layer, hypothallus, filter course, drainage blanket, protective layer, watertight composition from top to bottom successively, is embedded with drainpipe in drainage blanket;
(2) according to existing space, multiple ecological filters are set at Around Buildings, the side of building is provided with down lets out pipe, under let out pipe upper end be communicated with the drainpipe of burying underground in outdoor greening system, under let out manage lower end be communicated with ecological filter by pipeline; In described ecological filter, be provided with sand permeable formation, the bottom of sand permeable formation is underground layer;
(3) in community, according to existing space, 1-2 landscape reservoir is set, landscape reservoir is made up of ecological vegetation layer, water body and sand permeable formation, and the bottom of sand permeable formation is underground layer; Be provided with overfall apart from landscape reservoir upper limb 2.5m-2.9m place, 10-15cm difference in height is being set between landscape reservoir and ecological filter;
(4) multiple guiding gutters that communicate with landscape reservoir are set in community;
(5) in parking lot, community, square and community's road are other that multiple ecological grass trench systems are set, in ecological grass trench system, segmentation echelon is provided with multiple weir dividers, weir divider top is provided with overfall; In ecological grass trench system, be also provided with ecological vegetation layer, bark cover layer, soil removal and replacement layer, permeable formation, gravel layer, be embedded with multiple perforated drain pipes between permeable formation and gravel layer, ecological grass trench system communicates with landscape reservoir by guiding gutter.
As a preferred version, be provided with multiple rainwater-collecting tanks at Around Buildings according to existing space, the upper edge of rainwater-collecting tank is provided with overflow conduit, and overflow conduit is communicated with ecological filter by guiding gutter, rainwater-collecting tank by pipeline with under side of buildings, let out pipe be communicated with.
As another preferred version, around landscape reservoir, set up perspective fence.
As another preferred version, water balcony is set in landscape reservoir.
When rainfall, rainwater holds and stays at the outdoor greening system of building, the effect that roof vegetable layer plays filtration, purifies early-stage rainwater. After filter course is full, stormwater overflow by drainpipe, under let out pipe and enter rainwater-collecting tank, after rainwater-collecting tank storage full water, flow into ecological filter by overflow conduit, guiding gutter. Meanwhile, ecological filter and ecological grass trench system also carry out preliminary purification filtration to rainwater, and it is main below oozing covering underground water. The rainwater of overflow is by the overfall on multiple weir dividers of subsection setup in ecological grass trench system, and echelon enters landscape reservoir, or enters landscape reservoir by guiding gutter.
In storm period, the rainwater of overflow enters the municipal drainage pipeline being connected with community by the overfall on landscape reservoir top, substantially there is no waterlogging risk in community.
Advantage of the present invention: the present invention take community as unit, by building greening system at building roof, ground arranges ecological filter, ecological grass trench system, rainwater-collecting tank etc., it is main the discharge regime of rainwater being oozed below, cover underground water, annual water catchment area in community rainfall runoff coefficient is controlled in 0.12-0.15, and the temperature difference is controlled in 1-3 DEG C, has thoroughly solved waterlogging, haze and the tropical island effect of community in urban areas, and give landscape function, form Rain Garden system.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is overall structure figure of the present invention
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of outdoor greening system
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of ecological filter
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of rainwater-collecting tank
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of landscape reservoir
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of ecological grass trench system
In figure: 1, building, 2, outdoor greening system, 2.1, roof vegetable layer, 2.2, hypothallus, 2.3, filter course, 2.4 drainage blanket, 2.5, protective layer, 2.6, watertight composition, 3, drainpipe, 4, under let out pipe, 5, ecological filter, 6, rainwater-collecting tank, 6.1, overflow conduit, 7, guiding gutter, 8, landscape reservoir, 8.1, ecological vegetation layer, 8.2, water body, 8.3, sand permeable formation, 8.4, underground layer, 8.5, perspective fence, 8.6, water balcony, 9, parking lot, 10, road, 11, ecological grass trench system, 11.1, ecological vegetation layer, 11.2, bark cover layer, 11.3, soil removal and replacement layer, 11.4, permeable formation, 11.5, gravel layer, 12, weir divider, 12.1 overfalls, 13, perforated drain pipe.
Detailed description of the invention
Now by reference to the accompanying drawings, further illustrate technology contents of the present invention.
Seeing figures.1.and.2, is unit taking community, and the roof of the building 1 in community builds outdoor greening system 2; Outdoor greening system 2 comprises roof vegetable layer 2.1, hypothallus 2.2, filter course 2.3, drainage blanket 2.4, protective layer 2.5, watertight composition 2.6 from top to bottom successively, is embedded with drainpipe 3 in drainage blanket 2.4. The roof of building 1 transform green garden as by original armoured concrete slab, roof vegetable layer 2.1 is selected the green plants that absorption affinity is strong, hypothallus 2.2 is selected the soil that good water permeability, thickness are suitable, can conserve appropriate rainwater, can insulation, and alleviating urban heat island effect; Can also beautify the environment, purify air.
With reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, around building 1, according to existing space, ecological filter 5 and rainwater-collecting tank 6 are set, the side of building 1 be provided with down lets out pipe 4, under let out pipe 4 upper ends be connected with drainpipe 3, under let out manage 4 lower ends be communicated with rainwater-collecting tank 6, ecological filter 5 by pipeline; In ecological filter 5, be provided with sand permeable formation 8.3, the bottom of sand permeable formation 8.3 is underground layer 8.4, and the upper edge of rainwater-collecting tank 6 is provided with overflow conduit 6.1, and overflow conduit 6.1 is communicated with ecological filter 5 by guiding gutter 7. In outdoor greening system 2 rainwater of overflow by drainpipe 3, under let out pipe 4 and flow in rainwater-collecting tanks 6 and ecological filter 5, flow into the rainwater of rainwater-collecting tank 6 for community's greening, irrigating plant, in the time that rainfall increases suddenly, the rainwater in rainwater-collecting tank 6 flows into ecological filter 5 by overflow conduit 6.1; The rainwater that flows into ecological filter 5 enters underground layer 8.4 by sand permeable formation 8.3, with recharge of groundwater.
With reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 5, in community, according to existing space, 1 landscape reservoir 8 is set, landscape reservoir 8 is made up of ecological vegetation layer 8.1, water body 8.2 and sand permeable formation 8.3, and the bottom of sand permeable formation 8.3 is underground layer 8.4; Landscape reservoir 8 communicates with the multiple guiding gutters 7 that are arranged in community. Be provided with overfall 12.1 apart from landscape reservoir 8 upper limb 2.5m-2.9m places, the rainwater under extreme condition of raining, can enter municipal storm sewer by these overfall 12.1 overflows. Landscape reservoir 8 is set up perspective fence 8.5 around, is conducive to ensure community resident's safety. At the interior water balcony 8.6 that arranges of landscape reservoir 8, facilitate that resident is hydrophilic to be viewed and admired. At landscape reservoir 8 waters surface, implant the plant of well developed root system, can purifying water body, increase landscape function.
Between ecological filter 5 and landscape reservoir 8,10-15cm difference in height is set, is convenient to rainwater nature seepage flow.
With reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 6, taking community's road 10 as skeleton, in parking lot, community 9, square and community's road 10 is other that crisscross ecological grass trench system 11 is set, the interior segmentation echelon of ecological grass trench system 11 is provided with multiple weir dividers 12, weir divider 12 tops are provided with overfall 12.1; In ecological grass trench system 11, be also provided with ecological vegetation layer 11.1, bark cover layer 11.2, soil removal and replacement layer 11.3, permeable formation 11.4, gravel layer 11.5, between permeable formation 11.4 and gravel layer 11.5, be embedded with multiple perforated drain pipes 13, perforated drain pipe 13 is drilled with multiple holes and forms on common drainpipe, to increase penetrating power. Ecological grass trench system 11 communicates with landscape reservoir 8 by guiding gutter 7. While raining, road 10 and building 1 rainwater around can flow into landscape reservoir 8 and ecological grass trench system 11 by guiding gutter 7, the rainwater infiltration recharge of groundwater of landscape reservoir 8, ecological grass trench system 11 interior accumulations. In the time that rainfall increases suddenly, the rainwater of overflow is by the overfall 12.1 on multiple weir dividers 12 of ecological grass trench system 11 interior subsection setups, and echelon enters landscape reservoir 8, or enters landscape reservoir 8 by guiding gutter 7.
The present invention take community as unit, and the For Stormwater Drainage System that configuration does not adopt reinforced concrete to build, does not separately build rain drainage pipe in community, can effectively cover underground water, prevents city waterlogging; On roof, build outdoor greening system 2, ecological grass trench system 11, the interior cultivation of landscape reservoir 8 vegetation, not only can purifying water body, beautifies the environment, and can also effectively solve city fog haze and tropical island effect, builds a safety, comfortable living environment.
Now, taking City in South China community as example, illustrate the improvement situation of staying waterlogging, haze and tropical island effect after system in this region by building rain-water accumulating of the present invention.
The area of this community: 500m*500m=250000 ㎡, the area that designs landscape reservoir 8 in community is 30m*30m=900 ㎡.
The weather conditions of this community: be located in the moistening monsoon climatic region of middle subtropical zone transition, have a moderate climate, make a clear distinction between the four seasons, heat is abundant, rainwater is concentrated, and superior natural conditions is applicable to various crop growth. Temperature on average over the years is 16.2 DEG C, and Extreme Maximum Temperature is 40 DEG C, and the extreme lowest temperature is subzero 11 DEG C; Average rainfall over the years is 1373 millimeters, and maximum daily rainfall is 251 millimeters, and maximum wind velocity is 22 meter per seconds.
In existing outdoor drainage design, generally designing the return period is 2 years chances, and rainfall runoff coefficient is 0.8, and 80% rainwater enters municipal Storm Sewer Network by row of conduits, under Severe rainstorm condition, easily causes community's waterlogging. And rain-water accumulating of the present invention stays the system return period to get 20 years chances, comprehensive runoff coefficient value 0.12-0.15, is the runoff coefficient value standard in greenery patches, national park. Ground inlet time is got t=5min; The design return period refers to during longer statistics, and the rainfall that is equal to or greater than a certain average rainfall occurs once for how many years; Runoff coefficient refers to the runoff water yield of certain catchment area and the ratio of rainfall, and value is from 0-1, and the larger runoff of numeral is larger, and numeral is less, and to hold the rainwater staying more.
Suppose under the extreme case of 251 millimeters of maximum daily rainfalls, reach 10 millimeter according to calculating this community rainfall per hour. Under extreme condition of raining, roof garden, ecological filter, ecological grass ditch, landscape reservoir overall operation, the rainfall runoff peak period of having staggered, operate steadily, the rainwater of excess can enter municipal rainwater main net by overfall 12.1 overflows that arrange on landscape reservoir 8, and community is without waterlogging risk. In community, no longer build Storm Sewer Network, can reduce investment outlay. And under general condition of raining, in community, rainwater need not enter municipal Storm Sewer Network substantially. The depth of water of the non-flush period of landscape reservoir 8 and general flush period is to meet view needs, and water level remains on 1-1.5m safety depth and is advisable, and the perspective fence 8.5 that periphery is set up, is conducive to ensure community resident's safety. Add upper reservoir side slope and naturally extend, and the water balcony 8.6 arranging, be convenient to that community resident is hydrophilic to be viewed and admired. Through soil transformation and global optimization layout, flush period community Rain Garden system 15 millimeters per hour of the rainwater of can dissolving, the rainwater of accumulation is by the permeable soil horizon water body that naturally permeates the ground at ordinary times, community does not have waterlogging risk substantially, by the comprehensive ecological afforestation transformation in roof and community, community's tropical island effect is also down to 1-3 DEG C, and community's airborne dust disappears substantially, in Community, Green plant absorption atmosphere, the ability of haze particle strengthens, thereby has also reduced haze phenomenon.
Any the community of city and country (bag industry alive, agricultural, mine, school, hospital etc.) all can be in conjunction with the concrete condition flexible arrangement Rain Garden system of local space and weather conditions. No matter be reconstruction of old area, or new district construction, rain-water accumulating stays system can bring into play effective effect. Under the geomorphologic conditions rising and falling at landform height, the rain-water accumulating streaming system doing things by following nature more can embody and hold the function of staying rainwater and view.
Claims (4)
1. the rain-water accumulating that solves city waterlogging, haze and tropical island effect stays a system, it is characterized in that, builds by following measures:
(1) take community as unit, each building roof in community builds outdoor greening system, described outdoor greening system comprises roof vegetable layer, hypothallus, filter course, drainage blanket, protective layer, watertight composition from top to bottom successively, is embedded with drainpipe in drainage blanket;
(2) according to existing space, multiple ecological filters are set at Around Buildings, the side of building is provided with down lets out pipe, under let out pipe upper end be communicated with the drainpipe of burying underground in outdoor greening system, under let out manage lower end be communicated with ecological filter by pipeline; In described ecological filter, be provided with sand permeable formation, the bottom of sand permeable formation is underground layer;
(3) in community, according to existing space, 1-2 landscape reservoir is set, landscape reservoir is made up of ecological vegetation layer, water body and sand permeable formation, and the bottom of sand permeable formation is underground layer; Be provided with overfall apart from landscape reservoir upper limb 2.5m-2.9m place, 10-15cm difference in height is being set between landscape reservoir and ecological filter;
(4) multiple guiding gutters that communicate with landscape reservoir are set in community;
(5) in parking lot, community, square and community's road are other that multiple ecological grass trench systems are set, in ecological grass trench system, segmentation echelon is provided with multiple weir dividers, weir divider top is provided with overfall; In ecological grass trench system, be also provided with ecological vegetation layer, bark cover layer, soil removal and replacement layer, permeable formation, gravel layer, be embedded with multiple perforated drain pipes between permeable formation and gravel layer, ecological grass trench system communicates with landscape reservoir by guiding gutter.
2. a kind of rain-water accumulating that solves city waterlogging, haze and tropical island effect according to claim 1 stays system, it is characterized in that, be provided with multiple rainwater-collecting tanks at Around Buildings according to existing space, the upper edge of rainwater-collecting tank is provided with overflow conduit, overflow conduit is communicated with ecological filter by guiding gutter, rainwater-collecting tank by pipeline with under side of buildings, let out pipe be communicated with.
3. a kind of rain-water accumulating that solves city waterlogging, haze and tropical island effect according to claim 1 and 2 stays system, it is characterized in that, sets up perspective fence around landscape reservoir.
4. a kind of rain-water accumulating that solves city waterlogging, haze and tropical island effect according to claim 1 and 2 stays system, it is characterized in that, water balcony is set in landscape reservoir.
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| CN106917446A (en) * | 2017-03-17 | 2017-07-04 | 李宏江 | The quick trapping method of urban street prevention waterlogging |
| CN106906888A (en) * | 2017-04-15 | 2017-06-30 | 苏州中海建筑设计有限公司 | A kind of residential quarter sponge urban facilities system |
| CN107881875A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-04-06 | 贵州师范大学 | A kind of karst ecology parking lot and its building method |
| CN107675768A (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2018-02-09 | 中煤能源研究院有限责任公司 | A kind of sponge Mine Integrated body |
| CN108951355A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2018-12-07 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | In conjunction with the anti-waterlogging construction of tramcar vehicle base and method of sponge the idea of the city |
| CN114293654B (en) * | 2022-01-13 | 2022-09-30 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Community landscape construction system capable of effectively reducing urban heat island effect |
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