CN104532166B - A kind of preparation method of wear-resistant gear - Google Patents

A kind of preparation method of wear-resistant gear Download PDF

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CN104532166B
CN104532166B CN201410824976.0A CN201410824976A CN104532166B CN 104532166 B CN104532166 B CN 104532166B CN 201410824976 A CN201410824976 A CN 201410824976A CN 104532166 B CN104532166 B CN 104532166B
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gear
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CN104532166A (en
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徐肖伟
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Beijing Heng Boyuan Polytron Technologies Inc
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of wear-resistant gear, described preparation method comprises the steps: preheating, normalizing, instant heating, selective hardening, tempering, freezing processing, for the second time selective hardening, tempering for the second time, carburizing, tempering for the third time. By specific component and specific concrete heat treatment mode, gear hardness and intensity are greatly improved.

Description

A kind of preparation method of wear-resistant gear
Technical field
The invention belongs to Field of Heat-treatment, particularly relate to a kind of preparation method of wear-resistant gear.
Background technology
The gear of wind-driven generator adopts alloy carburizing steel manufacture. Workpiece is shaped through blanking, forging, normalizing, machined, carburizing, quenching, precision grinding process. Such steel alloy has good intensity and toughness, but exists the shortcomings such as hardness is not high, wearability is not strong. The working life that improves gear becomes the short slab that improves gear industry competitiveness, people have done a lot of work round how improving in the problem of wearability of gear in decades, but effect is little, therefore be badly in need of finding a kind of method and overcome above-mentioned technical problem, be also worth even if sacrifice into the object that originally reaches above-mentioned wearability and contact fatigue strength.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to propose a kind of preparation method of wear-resistant gear;
A kind of preparation method of wear-resistant gear, the chemical composition of described gear is made up of following component according to percentage by weight: the copper of the molybdenum of the silicon of 2.25 ~ 2.58% carbon, the chromium of 3.9-4.5%, 0.12-0.28%, the manganese of 0.32-0.56%, 2.98-3.58%, the nickel of 0.12-0.28%, 0.16-0.21%, the vanadium of 11.2-12.6%, 0.11 ~ 0.18% rare earth, be not more than 0.06% sulphur, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity; The steel of said components, by after casting and forging formative gear, is heat-treated;
Described heat treatment comprises the steps:
1) preheating: whole gear is put into box type heater and carry out the pre-heat treatment, preheat temperature is 360 ~ 440 DEG C, and the preheating insulation time is 15 ~ 22min;
2) normalizing: the gear after preheating is heated to 930 ~ 980 DEG C, insulation 60 ~ 90min, then water-cooled to 630 ~ 680 DEG C, insulation 110 ~ 180min, air-cooled to room temperature;
3) instant heating: adopt high-frequency quenching induction coil to carry out instant heating, first the tooth portion of gear is heated to 200 ~ 280 DEG C by routine, then the power of radio-frequency induction coil is adjusted to 600 ~ 810KW, within the time that is not more than 2s, makes the temperature of gear teeth portion be warmed up to rapidly 910 ~ 940 DEG C.
4) selective hardening: be to be incubated 40 ~ 70s at the temperature of 910 ~ 940 DEG C in temperature, water-cooled to 620 ~ 680 DEG C, insulation 30 ~ 60s, water-cooled to 310 ~ 360 DEG C, insulation 15 ~ 38s, is cooled to room temperature;
5) tempering: whole gear is put into tempering furnace, be heated to 200 ~ 230 DEG C, insulation 2.2 ~ 3.8h, air cooling;
6) freezing processing: whole gear is put into household freezer, reduce the temperature to-67 ~-82 DEG C, freezing processing 1 ~ 3.2h;
7) selective hardening for the second time: adopt selective hardening coil to heat tooth root, heating-up temperature is 960 ~ 986 DEG C, insulation 30 ~ 80s, water-cooled to 480 ~ 500 DEG C, insulation 30 ~ 50s, then water-cooled to 280 ~ 295 DEG C, insulation 18 ~ 30s, is then cooled to room temperature;
8) tempering for the second time: whole gear is put into tempering furnace, be heated to 180 ~ 210 DEG C, insulation 2.8 ~ 3.8h, air cooling;
9) carburizing: gear is put into carburizer, be heated to 910 ~ 940 DEG C, crown is carried out after Carburization Treatment 40 ~ 50s, air cooling to 700 ~ 730 DEG C after taking out, put into quenching liquid by workpiece and carry out cooling 2 ~ 5min, then gear is taken out to air cooling to room temperature;
10) tempering for the third time: whole gear is put into tempering furnace, be heated to 160 ~ 190 DEG C, insulation 2 ~ 2.5h, air cooling is to room temperature.
As preferably, the chemical composition of described gear is made up of following component according to percentage by weight: 2.428% carbon, 4.12% chromium, 0.26% silicon, 0.46% manganese, 3.18% molybdenum, 0.198% nickel, 0.205% copper, 11.34% vanadium, 0.16% rare earth, be not more than 0.04% sulphur, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity.
As preferably, described heat treatment comprises the steps:
1) preheating: whole gear is put into box type heater and carry out the pre-heat treatment, preheat temperature is 420 DEG C, and the preheating insulation time is 18min;
2) normalizing: the gear after preheating is heated to 950 DEG C, insulation 72min, then water-cooled to 6530 DEG C, insulation 162min, air-cooled to room temperature;
3) instant heating: adopt high-frequency quenching induction coil to carry out instant heating, first the tooth portion of gear is heated to 246 DEG C by routine, then the power of radio-frequency induction coil is adjusted to 711KW, makes the temperature of gear teeth portion be warmed up to rapidly 932 DEG C within the time of 0.8s.
4) selective hardening: be to be incubated 62s at the temperature of 932 DEG C in temperature, water-cooled to 645 DEG C, insulation 42s, water-cooled to 355 DEG C, insulation 26s, is cooled to room temperature;
5) tempering: whole gear is put into tempering furnace, be heated to 218 DEG C, insulation 2.68h, air cooling;
6) freezing processing: whole gear is put into household freezer, reduce the temperature to-72 DEG C, freezing processing 2.6h;
7) selective hardening for the second time: adopt selective hardening coil to heat tooth root, heating-up temperature is 976 DEG C, insulation 62s, water-cooled to 492 DEG C, insulation 46s, then water-cooled to 287 DEG C, insulation 21s, is then cooled to room temperature;
8) tempering for the second time: whole gear is put into tempering furnace, be heated to 192 DEG C, insulation 2.95h, air cooling;
9) carburizing: gear is put into carburizer, be heated to 932 DEG C, crown is carried out after Carburization Treatment 48s, air cooling to 715 DEG C after taking out, puts into quenching liquid by workpiece and carry out cooling 4min, then gear is taken out to air cooling to room temperature;
10) tempering for the third time: whole gear is put into tempering furnace, be heated to 178 DEG C, insulation 2.32h, air cooling is to room temperature.
Effect of the present invention is:
1, by the collocation of specific components and specific heat treatment mode, the points hardness of gear and bulk strength are improved;
2, by the collocation of heat treated design parameter, the performance of gear is largely increased;
3, by the local heat treatmet of concrete steps, make privileged site have specific performance;
4, by heat treated cooperation of freezing processing (freezing processing) and other wearability of gear significantly having been increased.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of wear-resistant gear, the chemical composition of described gear is made up of following component according to percentage by weight: 2.39% carbon, 4.1% chromium, 0.21% silicon, 0.48% manganese, 3.18% molybdenum, 0.22% nickel, 0.189% copper, 11.32% vanadium, 0.168% rare earth, 0.008% sulphur, and surplus is iron and inevitable impurity; The steel of said components, by after casting and forging formative gear, is heat-treated;
Described heat treatment comprises the steps:
1) preheating: whole gear is put into box type heater and carry out the pre-heat treatment, preheat temperature is 412 DEG C, and the preheating insulation time is 21min;
2) normalizing: the gear after preheating is heated to 942 DEG C, insulation 82min, then water-cooled to 654 DEG C, insulation 138min, air-cooled to room temperature;
3) instant heating: adopt high-frequency quenching induction coil to carry out instant heating, first the tooth portion of gear is heated to 245 DEG C by routine, then the power of radio-frequency induction coil is adjusted to 745KW, makes the temperature of gear teeth portion be warmed up to rapidly 938 DEG C within the time of 1.2s.
4) selective hardening: be to be incubated 65s at the temperature of 932 DEG C in temperature, water-cooled to 675 DEG C, insulation 54s, water-cooled to 345 DEG C, insulation 28s, is cooled to room temperature;
5) tempering: whole gear is put into tempering furnace, be heated to 218 DEG C, insulation 2.95h, air cooling;
6) freezing processing: whole gear is put into household freezer, reduce the temperature to-71 DEG C, freezing processing 2.12h;
7) selective hardening for the second time: adopt selective hardening coil to heat tooth root, heating-up temperature is 972 DEG C, insulation 68s, water-cooled to 492 DEG C, insulation 42s, then water-cooled to 291 DEG C, insulation 22s, is then cooled to room temperature;
8) tempering for the second time: whole gear is put into tempering furnace, be heated to 192 DEG C, insulation 2.95h, air cooling;
9) carburizing: gear is put into carburizer, be heated to 932 DEG C, crown is carried out after Carburization Treatment 48s, air cooling to 722 DEG C after taking out, puts into quenching liquid by workpiece and carry out cooling 4min, then gear is taken out to air cooling to room temperature;
10) tempering for the third time: whole gear is put into tempering furnace, be heated to 172 DEG C, insulation 2.3h, air cooling is to room temperature.
Through after above-mentioned processing, its microscopic structure is equally distributed ferrite and pearlite, and grain size is 7 ~ 9 grades, and the hardness of gear teeth face has reached 88.8HRC, and carburized (case) depth is 0.72mm.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of preparation method of wear-resistant gear, the chemical composition of described gear is made up of following component according to percentage by weight: 2.428% carbon, 4.12% chromium, 0.26% silicon, 0.46% manganese, 3.18% molybdenum, 0.198% nickel, 0.205% copper, 11.34% vanadium, 0.16% rare earth, be not more than 0.04% sulphur, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity; The steel of said components, by after casting and forging formative gear, is heat-treated;
Described heat treatment comprises the steps:
1) preheating: whole gear is put into box type heater and carry out the pre-heat treatment, preheat temperature is 420 DEG C, and the preheating insulation time is 18min;
2) normalizing: the gear after preheating is heated to 950 DEG C, insulation 72min, then water-cooled to 6530 DEG C, insulation 162min, air-cooled to room temperature;
3) instant heating: adopt high-frequency quenching induction coil to carry out instant heating, first the tooth portion of gear is heated to 246 DEG C by routine, then the power of radio-frequency induction coil is adjusted to 711KW, makes the temperature of gear teeth portion be warmed up to rapidly 932 DEG C within the time of 0.8s.
4) selective hardening: be to be incubated 62s at the temperature of 932 DEG C in temperature, water-cooled to 645 DEG C, insulation 42s, water-cooled to 355 DEG C, insulation 26s, is cooled to room temperature;
5) tempering: whole gear is put into tempering furnace, be heated to 218 DEG C, insulation 2.68h, air cooling;
6) freezing processing: whole gear is put into household freezer, reduce the temperature to-72 DEG C, freezing processing 2.6h;
7) selective hardening for the second time: adopt selective hardening coil to heat tooth root, heating-up temperature is 976 DEG C, insulation 62s, water-cooled to 492 DEG C, insulation 46s, then water-cooled to 287 DEG C, insulation 21s, is then cooled to room temperature;
8) tempering for the second time: whole gear is put into tempering furnace, be heated to 192 DEG C, insulation 2.95h, air cooling;
9) carburizing: gear is put into carburizer, be heated to 932 DEG C, crown is carried out after Carburization Treatment 48s, air cooling to 715 DEG C after taking out, puts into quenching liquid by workpiece and carry out cooling 4min, then gear is taken out to air cooling to room temperature;
10) tempering for the third time: whole gear is put into tempering furnace, be heated to 178 DEG C, insulation 2.32h, air cooling is to room temperature.
Through after above-mentioned processing, its microscopic structure is equally distributed ferrite and pearlite, and grain size is 7 ~ 9 grades, and the hardness of gear teeth face has reached 91.6HRC, and carburized (case) depth is 0.86mm.

Claims (2)

1. the preparation method of a wear-resistant gear, it is characterized in that: the chemical composition of described gear is made up of following component according to percentage by weight: the copper of the molybdenum of the silicon of 2.25 ~ 2.58% carbon, the chromium of 3.9-4.5%, 0.12-0.28%, the manganese of 0.32-0.56%, 2.98-3.58%, the nickel of 0.12-0.28%, 0.16-0.21%, the vanadium of 11.2-12.6%, 0.11 ~ 0.18% rare earth, be not more than 0.06% sulphur, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity; The steel of said components, by after casting and forging formative gear, is heat-treated;
Described heat treatment comprises the steps:
1) preheating: whole gear is put into box type heater and carry out the pre-heat treatment, preheat temperature is 360 ~ 440 DEG C, and the preheating insulation time is 15 ~ 22min;
2) normalizing: the gear after preheating is heated to 930 ~ 980 DEG C, insulation 60 ~ 90min, then water-cooled to 630 ~ 680 DEG C, insulation 110 ~ 180min, air-cooled to room temperature;
3) instant heating: adopt high-frequency quenching induction coil to carry out instant heating, first the tooth portion of gear is heated to 200 ~ 280 DEG C by routine, then the power of radio-frequency induction coil is adjusted to 600 ~ 810KW, within the time that is not more than 2s, makes the temperature of gear teeth portion be warmed up to rapidly 910 ~ 940 DEG C;
4) selective hardening: be to be incubated 40 ~ 70s at the temperature of 910 ~ 940 DEG C in temperature, water-cooled to 620 ~ 680 DEG C, insulation 30 ~ 60s, water-cooled to 310 ~ 360 DEG C, insulation 15 ~ 38s, is cooled to room temperature;
5) tempering: whole gear is put into tempering furnace, be heated to 200 ~ 230 DEG C, insulation 2.2 ~ 3.8h, air cooling;
6) freezing processing: whole gear is put into household freezer, reduce the temperature to-67 ~-82 DEG C, freezing processing 1 ~ 3.2h;
7) selective hardening for the second time: adopt selective hardening coil to heat tooth root, heating-up temperature is 960 ~ 986 DEG C, insulation 30 ~ 80s, water-cooled to 480 ~ 500 DEG C, insulation 30 ~ 50s, then water-cooled to 280 ~ 295 DEG C, insulation 18 ~ 30s, is then cooled to room temperature;
8) tempering for the second time: whole gear is put into tempering furnace, be heated to 180 ~ 210 DEG C, insulation 2.8 ~ 3.8h, air cooling;
9) carburizing: gear is put into carburizer, be heated to 910 ~ 940 DEG C, crown is carried out after Carburization Treatment 40 ~ 50s, air cooling to 700 ~ 730 DEG C after taking out, put into quenching liquid by workpiece and carry out cooling 2 ~ 5min, then gear is taken out to air cooling to room temperature;
10) tempering for the third time: whole gear is put into tempering furnace, be heated to 160 ~ 190 DEG C, insulation 2 ~ 2.5h, air cooling is to room temperature.
2. the preparation method of wear-resistant gear according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the chemical composition of described gear is made up of following component according to percentage by weight: 2.428% carbon, 4.12% chromium, 0.26% silicon, 0.46% manganese, 3.18% molybdenum, 0.198% nickel, 0.205% copper, 11.34% vanadium, 0.16% rare earth, be not more than 0.04% sulphur, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity.
CN201410824976.0A 2014-12-27 2014-12-27 A kind of preparation method of wear-resistant gear Active CN104532166B (en)

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CN112359175A (en) * 2020-11-09 2021-02-12 盐城市明佳机械有限公司 Precision forging forming process of 60 HRC-level transmission gear
CN115094206B (en) * 2022-06-16 2023-11-14 东风商用车有限公司 Cold extrusion annular gear induction normalizing treatment method and annular gear

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CN103132086A (en) * 2013-03-18 2013-06-05 上海市机械制造工艺研究所有限公司 Novel carburizing-constant temperature-quenching process for heavy-duty gears

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Address after: 100083 Beijing, Xueyuan Road, No. 30, No. building, room 3, room 311

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Address before: 100083, room three, building 311, block 30, Xueyuan Road, Beijing, Haidian District

Patentee before: Beijing JHBY Metallurgy Technology Development Co., Ltd.