CN104515743B - A kind of photometric analyzer and its detection method based on guide-lighting metal capillary - Google Patents
A kind of photometric analyzer and its detection method based on guide-lighting metal capillary Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of photometric analyzer based on guide-lighting metal capillary and its detection method, the analyzer includes：Light source, photo-detector, guide-lighting metal capillary, it is characterized in that：The side wall of the guide-lighting metal capillary can be constrained in guide-lighting metal capillary through the total reflection of guide-lighting metal capillary side wall and be transmitted with reflecting light, the detection light beam of the light source transmitting, and photo-detector receives the detection light beam projected from guide-lighting metal capillary；Described guide-lighting metal capillary one end is provided with sample inlet, and the guide-lighting metal capillary other end is provided with sample export.The analyzer guides the transmission of detection light beam and testing sample using guide-lighting metal capillary, total reflection due to metal surface to light is limited in the absence of critical angle, and the ripple of metal capillary inner surface rises and falls and causes that the incidence angle of detection light beam changes, such that it is able to detection light beam transmission light path in the sample is significantly increased, accuracy of detection is improve.
Description
Technical field
It is more particularly to a kind of based on guide-lighting metal capillary the present invention relates to a kind of photometric analyzer and its detection method
Photometric analyzer and its detection method, can be used for the absorbance test of liquids and gases sample.
Background technology
Absorbance is important material characteristic parameter, and the absorbance of test sample can know composition and concentration of sample etc.
Relevant information, and optical detection is the characteristics of have electromagnetism interference and quick response.Therefore, the light splitting based on absorbance detection
Photometer (or colorimeter), is widely used in biochemical analysis field.Need to treat for spectrophotometer or colorimeter, during test
Test sample product and standard sample are respectively placed in different cuvettes, and contrast test (Sensors and are carried out by changing cuvette
Actuators B, 191,561-566 (2014)).Therefore, existing method of testing, it usually needs change cuvette back and forth, make
Obtain testing time increase, measuring accuracy reduction.Additionally, in order to improve measuring accuracy, it is necessary to the thickness for increasing cuvette (increases
Absorption length of the sample to detection light), this causes that the volume of cuvette increases, the sample size for needing also increases.Patent
Although CN201210105716.9 discloses is used for colorimetric analysis field capillary, but there is problems with：Light source is passed through
During capillary, such as the increase of optical path distance, light source can dissipate and pass capillary light source；It is likely to incident light during operation
Light path offsets capillary centerline, and light source passes capillary, now will seriously reduce measuring accuracy.
Therefore, people have invented a kind of liquid light-conducting capillaries waveguide (United States Patent (USP) US 5,507,447), it is related to two kinds
Structure：Structure 1, prepares capillary, due to the folding of the plastics using a kind of organic plastics of low-refraction (its refractive index about 1.3)
Refractive index 1.33 of the rate less than water is penetrated, incident beam can be at liquid and the interface of plastics when incidence angle is more than 77.8 ° of critical angle
It is totally reflected, is transmitted so as to incident beam is limited in capillary；Structure 2, then using a kind of organic modeling of low-refraction
Material (refractive index 1.33 of its refractive index less than water) cladding capillary glass tube, due to the refraction of the refractive index less than glass of the plastics
Rate, when incidence angle is more than 77.8 ° of critical angle, incident beam can be totally reflected in glass with the interface of plastics, so that by light beam
It is limited in transmission in capillary.But, the low-refraction plastics for being used are dispersed with hole inside it.For the capillary of structure 1
Tube waveguide, the hole meeting adsorptive liquid in low-refraction plastics, causes capillary to pollute, interference detection results；For structure 2
Capillary waveguide, because the refractive index of quartz is bigger than the refractive index of plastics and water, light wave is more likely to be surveyed in wall in quartz ampoule
Transmission, rather than transmitting in a liquid, therefore can reduce accuracy of detection.Additionally, for the capillary waveguide of both structures, having
The loose structure of machine plastics can produce scattering process to incident light, so as to reduce accuracy of detection；And meet total reflection condition,
The incidence angle of light is needed more than 77.8 °, therefore light of the incident light in capillary can not be improved by the way that incidence angle is greatly reduced
Journey, and the bending radius of capillary can not too small (can not reduce size), otherwise light meeting by significantly tortuous capillary
It is leaked to capillary outside.
In order to solve the deficiency of above-mentioned light-conducting capillaries, using another capillary tube photometer：Using in capillary glass tube
Inwall or outer wall metal-coated membrane, so as to by light beam be limited in transmission in capillary glass tube (Applied Spectroscopy,
1554-1558, vol.51,1997).The weak point of this structure：If in capillary tube inner wall plated film, technique is very complicated；
If metal film is plated in capillary outer wall, because the refractive index of glass is bigger than the refractive index of water, therefore light wave tends in quartz
Transmission in the survey wall of pipe, rather than transmitting in a liquid, therefore can reduce accuracy of detection；Additionally, the metal surface that plated film is formed,
Its smoothness and consistency are relatively low, therefore, loss larger to the scattering of light is larger.
Therefore the new Absorbance Test Method of design research and development, simplifies test system, shortens the testing time, reduces sample requirement
Accuracy of detection is measured and improved, is that wound of the invention grinds motivation.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided one kind need not back and forth change liquid holding groove, increase
Sample is to detecting the absorption length of light and can reduce that detecting instrument volume, sample requirements are small, luminous flux is high, accuracy of detection is high
Photometric analyzer and its detection method based on guide-lighting metal capillary.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the technical scheme is that：
A kind of photometric analyzer based on guide-lighting metal capillary, including light source, photo-detector and guide-lighting metal capillary,
It is characterized in that：The side wall of the guide-lighting metal capillary can be with reflecting light, and the detection light beam of the light source transmitting is through guide-lighting gold
The wall total reflection of category capillary tube side is transmitted in being constrained on guide-lighting metal capillary, and photo-detector is received from guide-lighting metal capillary
The detection light beam of injection；Described guide-lighting metal capillary one end is provided with sample inlet, and the guide-lighting metal capillary other end sets
There is sample export, testing sample flows through guide-lighting metal capillary.The analyzer guides detection light using guide-lighting metal capillary
The transmission of beam and testing sample, the total reflection due to metal surface to light is limited in the absence of critical angle, and in metal capillary
The ripple on surface rises and falls and causes that the incidence angle of detection light beam changes, such that it is able to detection light beam is significantly increased in the sample
Transmission light path, improves accuracy of detection；Further, since the internal volume very little of guide-lighting metal capillary, it is necessary to sample size
Seldom, therefore being switched fast for sample can be carried out, so as to shorten sample switching time, reduce influence of noise, improve detection essence
Degree.
Photometric analyzer based on guide-lighting metal capillary of the present invention, also with following attached technical characteristic：
The shape of the metal capillary can be any one of bending, straight or curved and straight combination；This hair
Bright described metal capillary, the either capillary of straight or bending, it can constrain detection light beam.Therefore capillary
Can bend, to reduce the length and volume of analyzer.The shape of the capillary of the bending can be annular, arc, spiral
The capillary of the one or any shape in shape.
The guide-lighting metal capillary two ends are provided with and the sample inlet, the sample export and guide-lighting metal kernel
The euphotic cover plate of the adjacent setting in tubule port, the euphotic cover plate, the sample inlet, the sample export and guide-lighting metal
The distance between capillary port is 0mm~20mm；To reduce the dead band of liquid flowing, so as to reduce gas bubbles left in pipeline
Probability.
There is smooth ripple and rise and fall in described guide-lighting metal capillary, its inner surface, can make the incidence of detection light beam
Angle changes, so as to increase detection light beam transmission light path (such as Fig. 2 (b) light paths L in the sampleOPCapillary can be much larger than
Physical length LC), to improve accuracy of detection.Meanwhile, smooth capillary tube inner wall, it is possible to reduce optical scattering loss, so that
Reduce the loss of detection light beam.
There is spatial joint clearance between the light source and capillary end surface；Have between the photo-detector and capillary end surface
Spatial joint clearance；The gap can be 0~4 centimetre, preferably 0.2 centimetre.The setting in the gap can avoid condensation, fogging,
The factors such as temperature are impacted to measurement result.
The capillary is installed into instrument, has gradient or and horizontal plane with horizontal plane.Capillary is installed into
In instrument, there is a gradient.Measuring samples enter from lower port, and superfluous water is flowed out from upper port, can so make in capillary
Full of measuring samples, and avoid producing bubble.
The light source is the absorbing wavelength according to determinand selects laser diode or light emitting diode.Analyze not jljl
Matter can improve accuracy of detection from the laser diode (or light emitting diode) of different wave length.
The diameter of bore scope of the capillary is helped between 0.01 micron to 10 millimeters using the capillary of small-bore
In sample switching time is shortened, so as to reduce influence of noise, improve measuring accuracy.Capillary of the present invention, its internal diameter R's
Scope may be between 0.01 micron to 10 millimeters.When internal diameter R gets over hour, the internal pore volume of capillary just cut by smaller, sample
Change that the time is faster, measuring accuracy is higher.Additionally, under conditions of capillary internal pore volume is not increased, the internal diameter R of capillary subtracts
Small, length L can be accordingly increased, so as to increase sample to detecting the absorption length of light beam, improving measuring accuracy.
The capillary is the metal capillary of the polished treatment of inwall；The inlet direction of the sample inlet is upward
And/or the liquid outlet direction of the sample export is upward；Immobilising liquid dead zone can effectively be eliminated, gas bubbles left is reduced
Probability in pipeline.
Present invention also offers a kind of detection method of the photometric analyzer based on guide-lighting metal capillary, it is main include with
Lower step：
The first step, standard sample is imported in metal capillary, and the detection light beam that light source is launched passes through euphotic cover plate simultaneously
It is coupled into the endoporus of guide-lighting metal capillary one end；Detection light is reflected in metal capillary through metal capillary side wall and passes
It is defeated, received by the photo-detector of the metal capillary other end by the detection light beam of metal capillary；Record this photo detector
The luminous intensity for receiving；
Second step, switch sample imports in metal capillary testing sample, and the detection light beam that light source is launched is through saturating
Light cover plate is simultaneously coupled into the endoporus of metal capillary one end；Detection light is reflected in metal capillary through metal capillary side wall
Middle transmission, is received by the detection light beam of metal capillary by the photo-detector of the metal capillary other end；Record the spy of this time
Survey the luminous intensity that device is received；
3rd step, the intensity variation between the testing sample that detects of contrast detector and standard sample, so as to know
Absorbance difference between testing sample and standard sample, and obtain the component or concentration of testing sample.
The operation principle of photometric analyzer is as shown in figure 1, the endoporus of wherein metal capillary is treated for circulation in the present invention
Test sample product (length of capillary is L, diameter of bore is R), after light beam is detected into capillary, due to capillary sidewall surfaces
There is reflex to light so that detection light beam is constrained in capillary and by the endoporus full of sample.Detection light beam is passed through
Received by photo-detector after capillary pipe orifice, because the intensity of transmitted light beam depends on absorption length and extinction of the sample to light beam
Degree (Appl.Opt., 39,4263-4269 (2000)), therefore the intensity of transmitted light beam is tested, the absorbance of sample can be known.
The present invention has advantages below compared with prior art：
The analyzer guides the transmission of detection light beam and testing sample using metal capillary, because capillary tube side wall can
With the reflected beams so that detection light beam can be constrained on capillary internal transmission, therefore detection light beam and testing sample can be with
Simultaneously along capillary internal transmission, detection length of the light beam by sample is increased, improve accuracy of detection；Further, since
The internal volume very little of capillary, it is necessary to sample size also seldom, therefore being switched fast for sample can be carried out, so as to shorten survey
Examination time, the influence of reduction signal noise, raising accuracy of detection.
There is advantages below in the metal capillary that the analyzer is used：1. compared with plastic material capillary, metal material
Material is fine and close, and inside does not exist hole, and metal material surface can be by polishing, therefore to the scattering loss pole of light beam
It is low, material that also will not be in adsorptive liquid；2. (such as Fig. 2 (a), incidence angle θ is big compared with the capillary of plastics or glass material
In 77.8 °, its light path LOP＜ LC/ sin (77.8)=1.02LC), the total reflection due to metal surface to light is not limited by angle
(value of such as Fig. 2 (b), θ can be close to 0, corresponding light path LOP＞ ＞ LC), therefore light path can be significantly increased, improve detection essence
Degree；3. without being used in mixed way with glass or plastic material, single metal material is the function of being capable of achieving constraint light wave transmissions, therefore
Eliminate the shortcoming that light wave spills into transmission in quartz ampoule or plastic tube survey wall.
Described photometric analyzer, because testing sample and detection light beam are transmitted along capillary pipe orifice simultaneously, treats test sample
Product, therefore can be by increasing to detecting the absorption length length of light by sample (detect) of light beam close to capillary pipe length L
Plus L improves accuracy of detection.And capillary can be made the different shape of bending, to reduce the length and body of analyzer
Product.
Compared with background technology, patent of the present invention has the application prospect of wide expansion to analysis micro substance, such as：To micro- turbidity,
Micro- chlorion, analysis of micro- heavy metal ion etc. (are the μ g/L orders of magnitude).It has for the analysis measurement of low concentration material
The wide prospect for expanding.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the photometric analyzer structural representation of guide-lighting metal capillary；
Fig. 2 (a) is the guide-lighting mechanism schematic diagram of low-refraction organic plastics capillary；B () is guide-lighting metal capillary
Guide-lighting mechanism schematic diagram；
1- light sources；2- detects the light velocity；3- closures；4- sample inlets；5- sample exports；6- photo-detectors；7- capillaries
Length L；8- capillary light internal diameters R；9- capillaries；10- euphotic cover plates；11st, organic plastics；12nd, water；13rd, metal；14th, ripple
Volt.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, it should be pointed out that described reality
Apply example and be intended merely to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, and do not play any restriction effect to it.
Embodiment 1
As shown in figure 1, a kind of photometric analyzer based on guide-lighting metal capillary, including laser diode 1, photo-detector
6, side wall can with the metal capillary 9 of reflecting light, the inwall of the metal capillary 9 by polishing, the metal capillary
The shape of pipe 9 is straight, and the two ends of the metal capillary 9 are provided with closure 3, and the closure 3 of the one end of the metal capillary 9 sets
The detection light beam 2 for having sample inlet 4, the laser diode transmitting is coupled into metal capillary 9 through euphotic cover plate 10, described
The closure 3 of the other end of metal capillary 9 is provided with sample export 5；The detection light is reflected in metal through the inwall of metal capillary 9
Transmitted in the endoporus of capillary 9, photodetector receives the detectable signal that sealed lid 3 is projected.The capillary is installed into instrument
In, there is gradient with horizontal plane, the gradient is 30 degree.
Preferably, described guide-lighting metal capillary may be selected stainless steel and other metal materials, its inner surface exists smooth
Ripple rise and fall 14, the incidence angle of detection light beam can be made to change, so as to increase detection light beam transmission light in the sample
Journey (such as Fig. 2 (b) light paths LOPThe physical length L of capillary can be much larger thanC), to improve accuracy of detection；Fig. 2 (a) is low refraction
The guide-lighting mechanism (by taking the pure water that circulates as an example) of rate organic plastics capillary；Incidence angle θ is greater than 77.8 °, its light path LOP＜ LC/
Sin (77.8)=1.02LC), it can be seen that guide-lighting metal capillary can greatly increase light path compared with general capillary and pass through
The distance of measuring samples.Meanwhile, smooth capillary tube inner wall, it is possible to reduce optical scattering loss, so as to reduce detection light beam
Loss.
The guide-lighting metal capillary two ends are additionally provided with and the sample inlet, the sample export and guide-lighting metal
The tight-lipped euphotic cover plate for suffering setting of Capillary, the euphotic cover plate, the sample inlet, the sample export and guide-lighting gold
The distance between category capillary port is 0mm~20mm；0.1mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.8mm can be selected,
1.5mm, 3mm, 10mm, 20mm；The preferred 0.5mm of the present embodiment, to reduce the dead band of liquid flowing, so as to reduce gas bubbles left exist
Probability in pipeline.
Metal capillary 9 (Fig. 1) described in the present embodiment, its internal diameter R be 0.1 millimeter, even if therefore capillary length L
10 centimetres are reached, capillary internal pore volume is also only 0.078 milliliter, much smaller than the volume of common cuvette.Due in capillary
Pore volume very little, is capable of achieving to be switched fast standard sample and testing sample, eliminates replacing ratio in conventional colorimetric measurement examination
The operating procedure of color ware, shortens the testing time.
Using metal inner surface to the reflex (i.e. reflectance mechanism of the metal surface to light) of light beam, so as to realize detecting
Light beam 2 is transmitted in constraining in the endoporus of metal capillary 9.Therefore, capillary tube inner wall needs to be processed by shot blasting so that inwall light
It is sliding, reflex of the enhancing to light；Also, smooth inwall is conducive to sample flow smooth, the switch speed of sample is improved.
A kind of detection method of the photometric analyzer based on guide-lighting metal capillary, mainly includes the following steps that：
The first step, standard sample is imported in metal capillary 9 by the sample inlet 4 of closure 3, laser diode hair
Injection detection light beam 2 is through euphotic cover plate 10 and is coupled into the endoporus of the one end of metal capillary 9；Detection light is through metal capillary
The side wall reflection of pipe 9 is transmitted so as to be constrained in the endoporus of metal capillary 9, by the detection light beam 2 of the endoporus of metal capillary 9
Received by the photo-detector 6 of the other end of metal capillary 9；Record the luminous intensity that this photo detector 6 is received；The sample enters
Mouthful inlet direction it is upward and/or liquid outlet direction of the sample export is upward；Immobilising liquid can effectively be eliminated
Dead band, reduce probability of the gas bubbles left in pipeline；
Second step, switch sample is imported in metal capillary 9 testing sample by the sample inlet 4 of closure 3, light
The detection light beam 2 that source is launched is through euphotic cover plate 10 and is coupled into the endoporus of the one end of metal capillary 9；Detection light is through metal
The side wall reflection of capillary 9 is transmitted so as to be constrained in the endoporus of metal capillary 9, by the detection of the endoporus of metal capillary 9
Light beam 2 is received by the photo-detector 6 of the other end of metal capillary 9；Record the luminous intensity that this photo detector 6 is received；Light is visited
The detection luminous intensity that device 6 is received is surveyed, it is relevant with the length of capillary and the absorbance of sample；
3rd step, the intensity variation between the testing sample that detects of contrast detector and standard sample, so as to know
Absorbance difference between testing sample and standard sample, and obtain the component and concentration of testing sample.
In sum, the photometric analyzer based on guide-lighting metal capillary that the present embodiment is provided, using metal capillary 9
To guide the transmission of detection light beam 2 and testing sample.Compared with traditional colorimetric analysis instrument based on cuvette, the present invention increases
Detection light beam 2 improves accuracy of detection to the absorption length of sample；Further, since the volume very little of capillary pipe orifice, it is necessary to
Sample size also seldom, therefore can improve sample switch speed, shorten the testing time.
The capillary of any shape in the present invention, detection light can the transmission and reflection in capillary, particularly point out, this hair
The shape of bright capillary is not limited to straight, can be the shape of any bending, such as the one kind in annular, arc, spirality；Hair
The internal diameter size of tubule can be selected according to actually detected sample, however it is not limited to a specific numerical value.
Finally it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than the present invention is protected
The limitation of scope is protected, although being explained to the present invention with reference to preferred embodiment, one of ordinary skill in the art should
Work as understanding, technical scheme can be modified or equivalent, without deviating from the reality of technical solution of the present invention
Matter and scope.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of photometric analyzer based on guide-lighting metal capillary, including：Light source, photo-detector, guide-lighting metal capillary, its
It is characterized in：The side wall of the guide-lighting metal capillary can be with reflecting light, and the inner surface of the guide-lighting metal capillary has light
Sliding ripple rises and falls, and the detection light beam of the light source transmitting is constrained on guide-lighting metal through the total reflection of guide-lighting metal capillary side wall
Transmitted in capillary, photo-detector receives the detection light beam projected from guide-lighting metal capillary；The guide-lighting metal capillary
One end is provided with sample inlet, and the guide-lighting metal capillary other end is provided with sample export.
2. the photometric analyzer based on guide-lighting metal capillary according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：The guide-lighting metal
The shape of capillary is any one of bending, straight or curved and straight combination.
3. the photometric analyzer based on guide-lighting metal capillary according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：The light source with lead
There is spatial joint clearance between light metal capillary end face；There is space between the photo-detector and guide-lighting metal capillary end face
Gap.
4. the photometric analyzer based on guide-lighting metal capillary according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：The guide-lighting metal
Capillary two ends are provided with saturating with the sample inlet, the sample export and the guide-lighting adjacent setting in metal capillary port
The distance between light cover plate, the euphotic cover plate, the sample inlet, the sample export and guide-lighting metal capillary port
It is 0mm~20mm.
5. the photometric analyzer based on guide-lighting metal capillary according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：The guide-lighting metal
Capillary is installed into instrument, has gradient or and horizontal plane with horizontal plane.
6. the photometric analyzer based on guide-lighting metal capillary according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：The light source is root
According to the selected laser diode of the absorbing wavelength of determinand or light emitting diode.
7. the photometric analyzer based on guide-lighting metal capillary according to claim 2, it is characterized in that：The bending is led
Light metal capillary be shaped as in annular, arc, spirality any one.
8. the photometric analyzer based on guide-lighting metal capillary according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：The guide-lighting metal
The diameter of bore scope of capillary is between 0.01 micron to 10 millimeters；The guide-lighting metal capillary inwall is by polishing
Metal capillary；The inlet direction of the sample inlet is upward and/or liquid outlet direction of the sample export is upward.
9. a kind of such as the detection method of any one photometric analyzer based on guide-lighting metal capillary of claim 1-8, main bag
Include following steps：
The first step, standard sample is imported in the metal capillary that inner surface has smooth ripple fluctuating, what light source was launched
Light beam is through euphotic cover plate and is coupled into the endoporus of metal capillary one end for detection；Detection light is anti-through metal capillary side wall
Penetrate and transmitted in metal capillary, received by the photo-detector of the capillary other end by the detection light beam of metal capillary；Note
Record the luminous intensity that this photo detector is received；
Second step, switch sample is imported in the metal capillary that inner surface has smooth ripple fluctuating testing sample, light source
The detection light beam launched is through euphotic cover plate and is coupled into the endoporus of metal capillary one end；Detection light is through metal capillary
The total reflection of tube side wall is transmitted in being constrained on metal capillary, and the detection light beam by metal capillary is another by metal capillary
The photo-detector at end is received；Record the luminous intensity that this photo detector is received；
3rd step, the intensity variation between the testing sample that detects of contrast detector and standard sample is to be measured so as to know
Absorbance difference between sample and standard sample, and obtain the component or concentration of testing sample.
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| EP3599455B1 (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2022-03-23 | Heraeus Quarzglas GmbH & Co. KG | Device and method for detecting particles |
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| CN101408500A (en) * | 2007-10-10 | 2009-04-15 | 四川大学 | Modularization luminosity analyzer for instrumental analysis experiment teaching |
| CN101441296A (en) * | 2008-12-25 | 2009-05-27 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Wave guide layer-doped type capillary optical fiber and preparing method thereof |
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| CN104515743A (en) | 2015-04-15 |
| CN105092492A (en) | 2015-11-25 |
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