CN104508230B - With the drill bit for controlling the adjustable axially pad of the hydraulic pressure for reversing fluctuation - Google Patents
With the drill bit for controlling the adjustable axially pad of the hydraulic pressure for reversing fluctuation Download PDFInfo
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- CN104508230B CN104508230B CN201380039524.5A CN201380039524A CN104508230B CN 104508230 B CN104508230 B CN 104508230B CN 201380039524 A CN201380039524 A CN 201380039524A CN 104508230 B CN104508230 B CN 104508230B
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- pad
- drill bit
- fluid
- power
- actuating unit
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/62—Drill bits characterised by parts, e.g. cutting elements, which are detachable or adjustable
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/09—Locating or determining the position of objects in boreholes or wells, e.g. the position of an extending arm; Identifying the free or blocked portions of pipes
Abstract
In one aspect, a kind of drill bit is disclosed, in being constructed at one, the drill bit includes：Being configured on the surface on drill bit penetrates one or more cutters in stratum；At least one pad on said surface；It is configured to the fluid under the pad supply pressure so that the actuation means stretched out from the surface of the pad；It is supplied to the fluid of pad to reduce the release device of the pressure at least one pad with the discharge when the power for putting at least one pad exceedes selected limiting value is configured to.
Description
Cross-Reference to Related Applications
The application is the sequence No.12/248 for submitting on October 9th, 2008, and U. S. application is continued in 801 part, and it is
The U.S. Patent Application Serial No.12/237 of submission on the 25th of September in 2008,569 part continuation application, the U.S. Patent application
Sequence No.12/237,569 to be announced be United States Patent (USP) No.7,971,662, the full content of each patent is contained in this.
Background information
Technical field
The system that present disclosure is related generally to drill bit and well is crept into using the drill bit.
Background technology
Oil well (also referred to as " well " or " drilling ") using drill string creep into, the drill string include have drilling assembly (
Referred to as " BHA " or " BHA ") tubular part.BHA is typically comprised and provided on relevant with drilling operation each
Parameter (" drilling parameter "), BHA performances (" BHA parameters ") and the parameter relevant with the stratum of wellbore is planted (" to join on stratum
Number ") information device and sensor.Drill bit attaches to the bottom of BHA.By rotary drill column and/or by the drilling in BHA
Motor (also referred to as " MTR ") makes bit, so that broken rock is so as to creep into well.Many wells are along
Undulated track drilling.For example, single well can include through different types of rock stratum one or more vertical sections, partially
Oblique section and horizontal section.When the soft formation from such as sand creep into or vice versa to the hard formation of such as shale, drill bit
Rate of penetration (ROP) is changed, and fluctuation excessive in drill bit or vibration may be caused (be decreased or increased) (lateral or turn round
Turn).ROP generally is controlled by controlling the pressure of the drill (WOB) and rotating speed (revolutions per minute or " RPM ") of drill bit, to control to bore
Bow wave is moved.Control WOB by controlling the sling load on ground, and by controlling drill string rotating on ground and/or passing through
The drilling motor speed in BHA is controlled to control RPM.Using these methods control drill bit fluctuation and ROP need drilling system or
Operator on the ground take action.Influence of such ground action to drill bit fluctuation is clearly not at once.According to well
Eye depth, it just occurs after a period of time.
It is therefore desirable to provide a kind of improved drill bit and for the system using this drill bit, so as in the drilling well phase
Between control drill bit fluctuation and drill bit ROP.
The content of the invention
In one aspect, a kind of drill bit is disclosed, in being constructed at one, the drill bit includes：On surface on drill bit
One or more cutters, the cutter is configured to penetrate in stratum；At least one pad on said surface；It is configured to this
Fluid under pad supply pressure is so that the actuation means stretched out from the surface of the pad；Be configured to putting on described at least one
The release that discharge is supplied to the fluid of pad to reduce the pressure at least one pad when power of pad exceedes selected limiting value is filled
Put.
In another aspect, a kind of method for manufacturing drill bit is disclosed, methods described can include：On the surface of drill bit
Cutter and at least one pad are provided, wherein, at least one pad is configured to be stretched out from a select location and from extended position
Retract, to control the fluctuation of drill bit during well is crept into；With release device is provided, the release device is configured to putting on
Discharge is supplied to the fluid of at least one pad when power of at least one pad is more than a selected limiting value.
In another aspect, there is provided a kind of method for creeping into well, methods described can include：I () will attach to bottom
The drill bit of portion's BHA is transported in well, and the drill bit includes：Pad on the surface of drill bit；It is configured to be supplied to the pad
Fluid under pressure with to the pad applying power so that the actuating unit that is stretched out from the surface of pad；Be configured to putting on
Transmission is supplied to the fluid of pad to reduce the release device of the pressure on the pad when stating the power of pad more than a selected limiting value；
(ii) BHA bored borehole is used；(iii) makes pad be stretched out from bit face during bored borehole, with the bored borehole phase
Between control drill bit fluctuation.
In yet another aspect, a kind of equipment used in bored borehole is disclosed, in being constructed at one, the equipment can be with
Including：The drill bit of the bottom of BHA is attached to, the drill bit includes pad, is configured to the stream under the pad supply pressure
Body with to the pad applying power so that the actuation means stretched out from the surface of pad and being configured to surpass in the power for putting on the pad
Transmission is supplied to the fluid of pad to reduce the release device of the pressure on the pad when crossing a selected limiting value.
The example of some features of apparatus and method disclosed herein is summarized quite wide in range, so as to more fully understand
Hereafter detailed description thereof.Certainly, apparatus and method disclosed below also have supplementary features, and it will form and is additional to this
Claimed subject matter.
Brief description of the drawings
Disclosure herein can be best understood by referring to the drawings, wherein, same numeral is substantially assigned to same
Element, wherein：
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of exemplary drilling system, and the drilling system includes thering is according to present disclosure
The drill string of the drill bit that embodiment is made；
Fig. 2A is the stereogram of exemplary drill bit, it is shown that according to one embodiment of present disclosure on drill bit one
The placement of individual or multiple adjustable pads；
Fig. 2 B show the stereogram of the base section of the drill bit of Fig. 2A, it is shown that a method according to present disclosure
Pad placement；
Fig. 3 A show a part for the drill bit of Fig. 2A, and the part includes the position of the one embodiment according to present disclosure
In the fluid passage connected with exsertile pad on the face part of drill bit and the actuation means for activating exsertile pad；
Fig. 3 B show a part for the drill bit of Fig. 2A, and the part includes the position of the one embodiment according to present disclosure
In the fluid passage connected with exsertile pad on the side of drill bit and the actuation means for activating exsertile pad；
Fig. 3 C show the exemplary check-valves with relieving mechanism, and the relieving mechanism can be used as shown in Fig. 3 A and Fig. 3 B
System in fluid-flow control apparatus；With
Fig. 4 is the exsertile pad that extended position is in relative to cutting element on the face part of the drill bit of Fig. 2A
Schematic diagram.
The detailed description of embodiment
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of exemplary drilling system 100, and the drilling system 100 can be used according in this public affairs
Open the drill bit that content is made.Fig. 1 shows well 110, and the well 110 has upper curtate 111 and a lower curtate 114, it is described on
Section 111 is crept into the sleeve pipe 112 in the upper curtate, the lower curtate 114 by drill string 118.Drill string 118 is shown as
Including tubular part 116, the tubular part has the BHA130 for attaching to its bottom.Tubular part 116 can be by connection
Drilling pipe section is constituted, or it can be flexible pipe.Drill bit 150 is shown as attaching to the bottom of BHA130, for broken rock
119, there is the well 110 of selected diameter to creep into.
Drill string 118 is shown as being transported in well 110 by the rig 180 from ground 167.For purposes of illustration only, shown
Exemplary drill 180 is inland rig.Apparatus and method disclosed herein can also be with the offshore for creeping into well under water
Rig is used together.Can use and be connected to the rotating disk 169 of drill string 118 or the upper rotary drill column 118 driven in (not shown), from
And rotate BHA130, and thus drive drill bit 150 rotate to creep into well 110.Drilling (also referred to as " the mud horse of motor 155
Up to ") can be arranged in BHA130 with rotary drilling-head 150.Can be used alone drilling motor 155 and carry out rotary drilling-head 150 or logical
Cross the rotation that drill string 118 is superimposed drill bit.Control unit (or controller) 190 can be computer based unit, and it can put
Put on ground 167, to receive and locate the sensor in sensor and BHA130 in reason drill bit 150 transmission data, and
The selected operation of various devices and sensor in control BHA130.In one embodiment, ground controller 190 can include treatment
Device 192, data storage device (or computer-readable medium) 194, algorithm and computer program 196 for data storage.Number
Can be any suitable device according to storage device 194, including but not limited to：Read-only storage (ROM), random access memory
(RAM), flash memory, tape, hard disk and CD.During creeping into, drilling fluid 179 is pumped under pressure into tube from Qi Yuan
In part 116.Drilling fluid is discharged in the bottom of drill bit 150, then the ring between the inwall 142 of drill string 118 and well 110
Shape space (also referred to as " annular space ") is back to ground.
Referring still to Fig. 1, drill bit 150 includes face part (or base section) 152.Face part 152 or one part are being bored
Stratum before drill bit or borehole bottom during entering.In one aspect, drill bit 150 includes one or many in face part 152
Individual pad 160, the pad 160 during creeping into can adjustably (also referred to as " selectively " or " controllably ") from face part
152 stretch out.Pad 160 is also referred to as " tensile pad ", " exsertile pad " or " adjustable pad " herein.Using BHA130 and/
Or the actuation means (or actuating unit) 155 being adapted in drill bit 150 activation pad 160 during drilling well 110.With the phase of pad 160
Association or with the phase Guan Lian of actuating unit 155 suitable sensor 178 provides the power or determination for corresponding to and being applied on pad
Pad the signal of overhang.BHA130 can also include one or more downhole sensors (common numeral 175 is marked).Sensor
175 sensors that can include Arbitrary Digit amount and type, including but not limited to：Commonly known as measurement while drilling (MWD) sensor
Or the sensor of the sensor of well logging (LWD) sensor and the information that the behavior about BHA130 is provided, behavior example
Such as bit (revolutions per minute or " RPM "), knife face, pressure, vibration, vortex, bending and stick-slip.BHA130 can be with
Including control unit (or controller) 170, described control unit (or controller) is configured to the operation of control pad 160 and for extremely
Partially treatment is received from the data of sensor 175 and 178.Controller 170 can be included for processing the signal of sensor 178
The circuit of (for example, amplifying and digitized signal), the processor 172 (for example, microprocessor) for processing digitized signal, number
According to storage device 174 (for example, solid-state memory) and computer program 176 and other devices.Processor 172 can process numeral
Change signal, the operation of control pad 160 processes the data from other downhole sensors, controls other downhole hardwares and sensor,
And via bidirectioanl-telemetry unit 188 and the communication data information of controller 190.In one aspect, controller 170 can be with spacer
160 overhang, to control drill bit to fluctuate or ROP, so as to improve drilling efficiency and extend the life-span of drill bit 150.Increase pad
Overhang can reduce cutter exposed to stratum or reduce the cutting depth of cutter.Reducing cutter exposure can then cause to reverse or side
To the reduction of fluctuation, ROP, vortex, stick-slip, bending moment, vibration etc., this can cause to get out more smooth again in turn
Stress on hole and reduction drill bit 150 and BHA130, so as to extend BHA and bit life.For identical WOB and RPM, bore
ROP when entering the soft formation of such as sand is usually above the ROP during hard formation of drilling such as shale.Hard formation is got into from soft formation
Transition excessive lateral fluctuation in drill bit can be caused due to the decline of ROP, and from hard formation get into the transition of soft formation due to
The rising of ROP can cause excessive torsion in drill bit to be fluctuated.So, when being transitioned into hard formation or from hard formation mistake from soft formation
Cross to during soft formation, it is necessary to control the fluctuation of drill bit.Pad overhang can be controlled according to one or more parameters, the ginseng
Number is included but is not limited to：Pressure, knife face, ROP, vortex, vibration, moment of torsion, bending moment, stick-slip and rock type.Automatically
Ground and be selectively adjusted pad overhang can enable system 100 control to reverse and the fluctuation of lateral drill bit, ROP and other drill bits and
BHA physical parameters, and be not used in changing the pressure of the drill or drill bit RPM on ground.Pad 160 is described with further reference to Fig. 2A, 3A and 3B
Control.
Fig. 2A shows the stereogram of the drill bit 150 made according to one embodiment of present disclosure.Shown drill bit
150 is composite polycrystal-diamond (PDC) drill bit, and it has drill body 212, and the drill body 212 includes a part
212a and junction portion 212b, the part 212a include cutting element, and the junction portion 212b is connected to BHA.The part
212a includes face part 218a (being also referred to as herein " base section ").It is the purpose of present disclosure, face part 218a can be with
Including nose as shown in Figure 3A, tapered portion and shoulder.Part 212a illustratively comprise multiple blade contour 214a,
214b ... 214n (also referred to as " profile ").Each blade contour includes the cutter on the 218a of face part.Each blade
Profile terminates close to bit central 215.During well is crept into, the bottom of well 110 of the center 215 before drill bit 150
(or before bottom of well 110).The lateral parts 154a of drill bit 150 is arranged essentially parallel to the longitudinal axis of drill bit 150
222.Multiple cutter spaced apart is set along each blade contour.For example, blade contour 214n is shown as comprising cutter 216a-
216m.Each cutter has cutting surface or a cutting element, the cutting element 216a' of such as cutter 216a, and it exists in drill bit 150
Rock stratum is engaged when being rotated during drilling well.Each cutter 216a-216m has back rake angle and angle of heel, and both define in combination
The cutting depth that cutter is entered into rock stratum.Each cutter also has maximum stratum cutting depth.
Referring still to Fig. 2A, multiple exsertile pads (such as pad 240) can be arranged on the face part 218a of drill bit 150
On.In being constructed at one, pad 240 can be positioned next to the cutter of blade contour (214a-214n).Each pad 240 can be with
It is arranged in associated cavity 242.Pad controllably can be stretched out and be retracted into cavity 242 from face part 218a.Pad 240
Overhang depend on putting on the power of pad 240.When the power is discharged or reduced from pad 240, pad 240 contracts towards cavity 242
Return.In being constructed at one, actuator elements 350'(Fig. 3 A) can be by the fluid under pressure via the stream being associated with pad 240
Body passage 244 is supplied to pad 240 so that pad 240 stretches out from face part 218a.Reference picture 3, is described in more detail specific
Actuation means.Suitable biasing member can be connected to pad 240 so that pad 240 is retracted.
Fig. 2 B show the stereogram of the face part 252 of exemplary PDC drill bit 250.Drill bit 250 illustratively comprises six knives
Piece profile 260a-260f, each blade contour includes multiple cutters, such as blade contour 260a, including cutter 262a-
262m.Blade contour 260a, 260c and the 260e for alternating are shown as being assembled towards the center 215 of drill bit 250, and remaining
Blade contour 260b, 260d and 260f are shown as respectively terminating in the side of blade contour 260c, 260e and 260a.Fluid passage
278a-278f is discharged to drill bit bottom (Fig. 1) by fluid 179 is crept into.The particular configuration of Fig. 3 shows the face in drill bit 250
The three adjustable pads divided on 252, each is along associated blade contour：Pad 270a is along blade contour 260a；Pad 270c
Along blade contour 260c；Pad 270e is along blade contour 260e.It is corresponding that pad 270a, 270c and 270e are shown provided at them
Cavity 272a, 272c and 272e in.As reference picture 2A description, each pad 272a, 272c and 272e by apply thereon
The distance that optionally can be stretched out needed for one from face part 252 of selected power.In being constructed at one, all pad 270a,
270c and 270e can in a symmetrical be set around center 215, and can be configured to stretch out identical from bit face part 252
Distance, to control drill bit to fluctuate or ROP.Although showing six blade contours (260a-260f) and three pads, drill bit
250 can include any suitable number of blade contour and pad (270a, 270c, 270f).Additionally, structure shown here and described
Think of is equally applicable to non-PDC drill bit.
Fig. 3 A show the partial side view 300 of the exemplary blade profile 310 of drill bit 250 (Fig. 2 B).Blade contour 310
Illustratively comprise the exemplary tool 316' being arranged in drill body 315.Cutter 316' has cutting element or cutting surface
318'.Cutter 316' stretches out a selected distance from the face part 320' of blade contour 310.Blade contour 310 is also illustrated as including
Close to the exsertile pad 340' of cutter 316'.Pad 340' can be arranged on cooperating recesses or bearing in blade contour 310
In 342'.Seal 348 can be set and form sealing with to the hydraulic fluid in recess 342'.In one embodiment, come from
Fluid under the pressure in its source can be made via on another suitable position be made in blade contour 310 or in drill body
Into fluid line or fluid passage 344' be supplied to pad 340'.To pad 340' fluid can by positioned at the inside of drill bit 250 or
Outside actuation means or power set 350' supplies.Fluid can be previously stored the cleaning fluid in storage tank 352', Huo Zheke
Being the drilling fluid 179 (Fig. 1) that drill bit 250 (Fig. 1) is supplied to during drilling well 110.In another aspect, from cause
The fluid of dynamic device or actuating unit 350' can be supplied to piston 346', and piston 346' is moved in room 349 so that adjustable pad
340' is displaced outwardly (away from surface portion 320').Actuation means 350' can be any suitable device, including but not limited to：
Electric device, such as motor；Electromechanical or hydraulic means, the pump for for example being driven by motor；Hydraulic means, for example, drive whirlpool by fluid
The pump that turbine drives；And mechanical device, for example selectively allow for the annular device that fluid flows to pad 340'.It is supplied to pad 340'
Fluid may remain under pressure so that pad keep required by overhang.In being constructed at one, can be filled by by actuating
350' is put to be maintained at mode of operation and pad 340' is maintained at required extended position.In another aspect, fluid flow control
Device 354'(such as valves processed) can be associated with exsertile pad 340', to control fluid to the supply of pad.In a construction
In, supply fluid to each pad via shared control valve using shared actuation means 350'.In another construction,
The supply that shared actuation means can be utilized to pass through the single control valve padded for each to control fluid to be padded to each.Again
In one construction, the independent actuation device with separate control valves can be used to each pad.In another construction, can be with profit
Electricity consumption actuating unit moves a linear unit and extends and retracts pad 340'.Sensor 345' close to pad 340' can be used to provide
Represent the signal of pad overhang size.The sensor can be linear-movement pickup, pressure sensor or any other suitable
Sensor 345'.Processor 172 (Fig. 1) in BHA130 can be configured in response to underground survey parameter, storage in storage
Instruction that instruction in device 174 or the operator from ground controller 190 or ground send controls actuation means 350'
Operation.Fortune of the exsertile pad 340' relative to the fluid for being supplied to the exsertile pad 340' can on the ground be calibrated
Dynamic, calibration data can be stored in data storage device 174, to be used by processor 172.When use electric notor activation wire
Property device with movable cushion 340' when, rotation amount control pad overhang can be used.In another aspect, it is possible to use applying to encourage
The device (such as piezo-electric device) deformed during signal pads 340' to extend and retract.The size of pumping signal determines actuation means
Deformation, thus determine that pad is extended and retracted.Pad 340' retracts when pumping signal is released.In another aspect, a check-valves 370
Can be arranged between room 349 and storage tank 352' by means of fluid line 372'.Check-valves 370 can be configured in a selected height
Pressure open so as to when the pressure of pad 340' is applied to more than a selected limiting value the fluid drainage for being fed into pad 340'
Or storage tank is released to, so as to avoid damaging pad 340'.
Fig. 3 B show the partial side view 300 of exemplary blade profile 314.Blade contour 314 illustratively comprises setting
Cutter 316 on the lateral parts 320 of blade body 315.Cutter 316 has cutting element or cutting surface 318.Cutter
316 stretch out a selected distance from the side 320 of blade contour 314.Blade contour 314 is also illustrated as including close to cutter 316
Exsertile pad 340.Exsertile pad 340 can be arranged in the cooperating recesses in blade contour body 315 or bearing 342.
In one embodiment, the fluid under the pressure from its source can be via being made or in drill bit sheet in blade contour 315
The fluid line or fluid passage 344 being made on another suitable position of body are supplied to exsertile pad 340.To exsertile pad
340 fluid can be supplied by the actuation means inside or outside drill bit 150 or power set 350.Fluid can be storage
There is the cleaning fluid in storage tank 352, or can be the drilling that drill bit 150 (Fig. 1) is fed into during drilling well 110
Fluid 179 (Fig. 1).In another aspect, the fluid from actuating unit 350 can be fed into piston 346, and piston 346 makes
Exsertile pad or adjustable pad 340 are displaced outwardly (away from blade contour 315).Actuation means 350 can with any suitable device,
Including but not limited to：Electric device, such as motor；Electromechanical assembly, the pump for for example being driven by motor；Hydraulic means, such as by leading to
Cross the fluid-operated turbine driven pump flowed in BHA；And mechanical device, for example selectively allow for fluid and flow to pad
340 annular device.The fluid for being supplied to exsertile pad 340 is maintained under a certain pressure, and exsertile pad 340 is in well
On 110 downside.In being constructed at one, exsertile pad 340 can be made by the way that actuation means 350 are maintained at into mode of operation
It is maintained at required extended position.In another aspect, fluid-flow control apparatus 354 (such as valve) can be adjustable with each
Pad 340 is associated, to control fluid to the supply of its associated pad.In such construction, filled using shared actuating
350 are put to all of control valve supply fluid.In another construction, fluid can be controlled using independent actuation means to every
The supply of individual pad 340.Processor 172 (Fig. 1) in BHA can be configured to be filled in storage in response to underground survey parameter, storage
Put the instruction in 174 or the operation of the instruction control actuation means 350 sent from ground controller 190.Can school on the ground
Pad 340 will definitely be adjusted relative to the motion of the fluid for being supplied to the adjustable pad, calibration data can be stored in data storage device 174
In, to be used by processor 172.In one aspect, for the pad 340 on activator blade side and the pad on the part of face
Some parts in some parts of 340' can be shared.For example, using the shared actuating with different control valves
Device activates side pad 340 and bottom pad 340'.Thus, in one embodiment, it is possible to use positioned at the side of blade contour
Adjustable pad (such as pad 340) on face and one or more pads (for example padding 340') on the face part of drill bit.Side pad
340 directions that can be used to change drill bit 150, and the pad 340' on face part 320 can be used to control underground ROP.In another side
Face, a check-valves 370a can be arranged between room 349a and storage tank 352 by means of fluid line 372a.Check-valves 370a can be with
It is configured to be opened under a selected high pressure so that when the pressure of pad 340 is applied to more than a selected limiting value, handle is fed into pad
340 fluid drainage to storage tank, so as to avoid damaging pad 340.In figures 3 a and 3b in shown any configuration, flow control dress
It can be the check-valves with hydraulic pressure release portion, valve 354a for example as shown in Figure 3 C to put 354 or 354'.Fluid under pressure
When being fed into valve 354a along and into path 356, valve is opened and allows fluid to be discharged from outlet pathway 357.Work as access path
When pressure at 356 is released, fluid enters valve 354a from path 357, and is discharged via release way or bypass 358.It is this
Valve controllably allows pad to be extended and retracted from bit face.As it was previously stated, in drill bit, in BHA and/or on ground
Controller can be programmed to extending and retracting according to one or more selected standards or state modulator pad.
Fig. 4 shows the exsertile pad 440 in extended position.Can be by putting on the big ditty of the power of pad 440
Save the overhang of pad 440.Exsertile pad 440 is shown as stretching out a segment distance " d ", and can extend out to such as the institute of dotted line 444
The maximum or fully extended position shown.Pad 440 is maintained at its extended position that is selected or requiring, the power until putting on pad 440
Reduced by actuation means or removed.For example, in the construction shown in Fig. 3 A, shutoff valve 354' or to prevent from being supplied to pad
The mode of 440 fluid Returning fluid storage device 352' remains actuated device 350', and this will make pad 440' be maintained at selected
Extended position.When valve 354' is opened or actuation means 350' is disabled, almost no power or no power put on exsertile
Pad 340'.Lacking for power makes pad 340' retract or be return from extended position.A biased element can also be set for each pad 440
460', so that power of the pad 440 on pad 440 reduces or retracted when removing.
Reference picture 1-4, operationally, can according to the rate of penetration to drill bit in earth formation and/or drill bit 150 or
The required influence of the attribute of BHA130, control pad overhang.Pad overhang can be according to required by any one or more
Parameter be controlled, the parameter is included but is not limited to：Vibrate, drill bit is lateral or reverses fluctuation, ROP, pressure, knife face, rock
Stone type, vibration, vortex, bending moment, stick-slip, moment of torsion and drilling direction.But, it is however generally that, pad overhang is bigger,
Drill bit ROP in the earth formation declines more.Drill bit can be reduced using the drill bit being made according to any embodiment described herein
Face part on Tool in Cutting depth, this in turn again influence drill bit fluctuation and ROP.What drill bit fluctuated (reverse or lateral) subtracts
One or more in drill bit and/or BHA physical parameters can be influenceed less.Relation between the power and pad overhang that are applied can
Obtained with laboratory test.The power that is applied, pad overhang, the respective change of drill bit fluctuation, ROP and to any other
Relation that is being calculated or otherwise determining (such as by simulation) between the influence of parameter can be stored in underground number
According in storage device 274 and/or ground data storage device 194.Such information can be stored in any suitable fashion, bag
Include but be not limited to：One or more algorithms, curve, matrix and form.Pad overhang can be by downhole controller 270 and/or ground
Face controller 190 is controlled.System 100 can automatically, dynamically control pad be stretched out during drilling well 110 provided herein
Amount, and thereby the fluctuation of control drill bit, ROP and other parameters, without changing some other parameters, such as WOB and RPM.And can
With with face part on pad 340'(Fig. 3 A) identical mode, based on any required parameter come on the side for controlling drill bit
Pad 340 (Fig. 3 B) overhang, to change drilling direction.Can activate simultaneously on side pad (such as pad 340) and face part
Pad (for example padding 340') essentially simultaneously to change drilling direction and ROP.
Thus, in one aspect, disclose a kind of drill bit, one construct in, the drill bit can include face part or
Base section, the face part or base section include：One or more cutters on the face part or base section,
The cutter is configured to penetrate in earth formation；And the pad that multiple is optionally stretched out, the pad is in drilling well
ROP in the fluctuation of period control drill bit or drill bit drilling earth formation.In one aspect, each pad can be configured to when in the pad
Stretched out from face part during upper applying power.When power reduces or removes, pad partially retracted towards face.Each pad can be arranged on drill bit
In associated cavity in.One biasing member can be set for each pad, the biasing member makes pad be applied on pad
Power reduces or is retracted when removing.Biasing member can be directly coupled to or attach to pad.Any suitable biasing portion can be used
Part, including but not limited to spring.The power for putting on each pad can be provided by any suitable actuation means, including but not limited
In：The device of the fluid under piston supply pressure to pad or to movable cushion, and change shape or deformation in response to pumping signal
Alteration of form device or alteration of form material.Alteration of form device is returned to its original-shape when encouraging and removing.Shape changes
The size of change depends on the size of pumping signal.The device of the fluid under supply pressure can be the pump that is operated by electric notor or by
The pump of the fluid-operated turbine operation of drilling.Fluid can be previously stored in the storage room in BHA cleaning fluid (for example,
Oil), or can be drilling fluid.Fluid can be fed into the fluid passage padded to each from pump.In another construction,
Fluid can be supplied to the piston for attaching to pad.Thus the piston movement for causing stretches out pad.Control valve can be set to control
Into fluid passage or flow to the fluid of piston.In one aspect, all of pad can stretch out identical and stretch out from base section
Amount or distance.Shared actuation means and control valve can be used.
In another aspect, a kind of method for manufacturing drill bit is disclosed, methods described includes：Offer terminates at the bottom of drill bit
Multiple blade contours on portion part, have at least one cutter on each blade contour；Set with the base section of drill bit
Multiple exsertile pads are put, wherein, each exsertile pad is configured to stretch out a selected distance from base section in applying power,
And retracted towards base section when the power on exsertile pad is removed.The method can also include：Each is extended
Pad be arranged in the associated cavity in drill bit base section.The method can also include：One biasing member is connected to
Each exsertile pad.The biasing member is configured to make its associated pad retract when the power for putting on pad is removed.One
Individual or multiple fluid passages can be to the fluid under pad supply pressure, so that pad extend out to corresponding select location.The method is also
Can include：Actuation means to each the pad feed force in multiple pad are provided.Actuation means can include it is following at least
One：To the device of the fluid under each pad supply pressure；With the alteration of form device or material deformed in response to pumping signal.
In another aspect, a kind of BHA for using when well is crept into is disclosed, in being constructed at one, the BHA can be with
Drill bit including attaching to the bottom of BHA, the drill bit includes base section, and the base section includes being configured to thereon
Penetrate one or more cutters in stratum.Drill bit can also include：Multiple exsertile pad on base section；And construction
Each pad applying power is so that each pad stretches out the actuating unit of a selected overhang in pairs.During the overhang causes drilling well
Drill bit fluctuation and drill bit changed into the ROP in earth formation.Actuating unit can be one of following：Supplied to each pad
To the power unit of the fluid under pressure；With alteration of form material, the alteration of form material is applied to the shape in activation signal
When shape changes material selected power is supplied on each pad.BHA can also include sensor, and the sensor is provided about each
The signal of the power that the overhang or actuation means of pad are applied on each pad.In another aspect, BHA can also include construction
Into signal of the treatment from sensor with the controller of the overhang of control pad.Controller can be according to one or more parameter controls
System pad overhang, the parameter can be included but is not limited to：Drill bit fluctuation (lateral and/or torsion), the pressure of the drill, pressure, ROP (institutes
It is required that or reality), be vortexed, vibration, bending moment and stick-slip.Can be using ground controller to the control in BHA
Device provides information and instruction.
In yet another aspect, a kind of method for forming well, it can include：The drill bit of BHA will be attached to
It is transported in well, the drill bit has at least one cutter and at least one pad on the face part of drill bit；By rotation
Turn drill bit and creep into well；The applying power on described at least one pad, so that at least one pad is moved to from retracted position
Selected extended position；With reduce the selected power that is applied at least one pad so that at least one pad is from selected
Extended position retract so that control drill bit creep into well during fluctuation.
For the ease of explaining, disclosure above is used for some specific embodiments.But, the various changes of these embodiments
Be will be apparent from for a person skilled in the art with modification.It is intended that in scope of the following claims and spirit
Interior all changes and modification are all covered by disclosure herein content.
Claims (21)
1. a kind of drill bit, including：
Surface, the surface is configured to penetrate the cutter in stratum including on a surface one or more；
At least one pad on said surface；
Actuating unit, the actuating unit be configured to by the fluid under pressure be supplied to it is described at least one pad so that it is described at least
One pad stretches out from the surface；With
Release device, the release device is configured to will when the power being applied in the release device is more than a selected limiting value
It is supplied to the fluid of at least one pad and storage tank is sent to by release way to reduce the pressure at least one pad,
Wherein, the release device is applied to the power actuating in the release device, wherein, the power is by by described at least one
Individual pad is applied to pressure in the release device and provides, and the fluid is the hydraulic fluid of cleaning, the release way via
The storage tank provides the fluid communication between described at least one pad and actuating unit, and the storage tank is provided clearly for actuating unit
Clean hydraulic fluid.
2. drill bit as claimed in claim 1, wherein, at least one pad includes multiple exsertile pads, and wherein, institute
Stating actuating unit makes each exsertile pad stretch out substantially the same overhang.
3. drill bit as claimed in claim 1, wherein, at least one pad is arranged in the cavity in drill bit.
4. drill bit as claimed in claim 2, also including being connected to the biasing member of the multiple exsertile pad, the bias
Part makes at least one pad retract when the power for putting on pad reduces.
5. drill bit as claimed in claim 1, also including the fluid that is configured under supply pressure so that at least one pad is stretched
Go out to the fluid passage of select location.
6. drill bit as claimed in claim 1, wherein, actuating unit includes at least one of power unit and controller, institute
State power unit and the fluid under pressure is supplied at least one pad, the controller controls the supply of fluid.
7. drill bit as claimed in claim 1, also releases including the band hydraulic pressure between actuating unit and at least one pad
The check-valves in portion is put, the check-valves is used to control fluid to the supply of described at least one pad.
8. drill bit as claimed in claim 5, wherein, the fluid passage is located at a position in lower column position：It is located at
The outside of the main fluid passageway in drill bit；With the inside of the main fluid passageway being at least partially situated in drill bit.
9. a kind of method of bored borehole, including：
The drill bit that BHA will be attached to is transported in well, and the drill bit includes：On the surface of drill bit at least
One pad；Actuating unit, the actuating unit is configured to for the fluid under pressure to be supplied at least one pad with to described
At least one pad applying power is so that at least one pad stretches out from the surface；And release device, the release device structure
Cause to be fed into described at least one fluid for padding when the power being applied in the release device is more than a selected limiting value
Storage tank is sent to reduce the pressure on the pad by release way, wherein, the release device is applied to release dress
The power actuating put, wherein, the power is carried by the pressure being applied in the release device by described at least one pad
For the fluid is the hydraulic fluid of cleaning, and the release way provides described at least one pad and causes via the storage tank
Fluid communication between moving cell, the storage tank provides the hydraulic fluid of cleaning for actuating unit；
The well is bored with BHA；With
During the well is bored, at least one pad is set to be stretched out from the surface of drill bit, to control drill bit boring the well
The fluctuation of period.
10. method as claimed in claim 9, wherein, at least one pad include it is multiple pad, and wherein, methods described
Also include：Each pad is set to stretch out substantially the same overhang.
11. methods as claimed in claim 9, also include：A biasing member is set to be connected at least one pad, to be applied
Plus power reduce when make it is described at least one pad retract.
12. methods as claimed in claim 9, wherein, the applying power includes including using actuating unit, the actuating unit
Fluid under pressure is supplied at least one pad by least one of power unit and controller, the power unit,
Described control unit controls fluid to the supply of described at least one pad.
13. methods as claimed in claim 9, also include：In response to the selected parameter relevant with the drilling of well, control is applied
Plus power.
14. methods as claimed in claim 13, wherein, the selected parameter is selected from the group that following parameters are constituted：I () is vibrated；
(ii) stick-slip；(iii) the pressure of the drill；(iv) rate of penetration of drill bit；(v) bending moment；(vi) axial acceleration；(vii) footpath
To acceleration；(viii) drill bit fluctuates.
15. methods as claimed in claim 9, also include：When drilling is transitioned into hard formation from soft formation or from hard formation mistake
Cross during to soft formation, stretch out at least one pad.
A kind of 16. equipment used in bored borehole, including：
The drill bit of the bottom of BHA is attached to, the drill bit has：Surface, the surface includes one or more knives
Tool and at least one pad；And actuating unit, the actuating unit is configured to for the fluid under pressure to be supplied to described at least one
Pad pads applying power so that at least one pad stretches out from the surface with to described at least one；With
Release device, the release device is configured to will when the power being applied in the release device is more than a selected limiting value
It is supplied to the fluid of at least one pad and storage tank is sent to by release way to reduce the pressure at least one pad,
Wherein, the release device is applied to the power actuating in the release device, wherein, the power is by by described at least one
Individual pad is applied to pressure in the release device and provides, and the fluid is the hydraulic fluid of cleaning, the release way via
The storage tank provides the fluid communication between described at least one pad and actuating unit, and the storage tank is provided clearly for actuating unit
Clean hydraulic fluid.
17. equipment as claimed in claim 16, also including controller, the controller is configured to control the actuating unit,
With the selected overhang of control pad, so as to control drill bit creeping into the fluctuation during well.
18. equipment as claimed in claim 17, wherein, the controller is also configured in response to being constituted selected from following parameters
State modulator actuating unit in group：I () is vibrated；(ii) stick-slip；(iii) the pressure of the drill；(iv) rate of penetration of drill bit；(v)
Bending moment；(vi) axial acceleration；(vii) radial acceleration；(viii) drill bit fluctuates.
19. equipment as claimed in claim 16, wherein, actuating unit includes power unit, the power unit supply pressure
Under fluid so that it is described at least one pad stretch out.
20. equipment as claimed in claim 16, also including sensor, the sensor is provided and is applied to institute by actuating unit
State the signal of the power correlation at least one pad.
21. equipment as claimed in claim 16, wherein, at least one pad includes multiple pads, and wherein, the actuating
Unit applies substantially the same power to each pad in the multiple pad.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US13/489,563 | 2012-06-06 | ||
| US13/489,563 US9915138B2 (en) | 2008-09-25 | 2012-06-06 | Drill bit with hydraulically adjustable axial pad for controlling torsional fluctuations |
| PCT/US2013/044487 WO2013188206A1 (en) | 2012-06-06 | 2013-06-06 | Drill bit with hydraulically adjustable axial pad for controlling torsional fluctuations |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104508230A CN104508230A (en) | 2015-04-08 |
| CN104508230B true CN104508230B (en) | 2017-07-07 |
Family
ID=49758630
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201380039524.5A Active CN104508230B (en) | 2012-06-06 | 2013-06-06 | With the drill bit for controlling the adjustable axially pad of the hydraulic pressure for reversing fluctuation |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2859172A4 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN104508230B (en) |
| BR (1) | BR112014030612B1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2875197C (en) |
| IN (1) | IN2014DN10334A (en) |
| MX (1) | MX2014014906A (en) |
| SG (1) | SG11201408079UA (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2013188206A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9915138B2 (en) | 2008-09-25 | 2018-03-13 | Baker Hughes, A Ge Company, Llc | Drill bit with hydraulically adjustable axial pad for controlling torsional fluctuations |
| CN108474238A (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2018-08-31 | 哈里伯顿能源服务公司 | Center has the axially adjustable Mixed drilling bit for reversing cutter |
| US11692402B2 (en) | 2021-10-20 | 2023-07-04 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Depth of cut control activation system |
| US11788362B2 (en) | 2021-12-15 | 2023-10-17 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Piston-based backup assembly for drill bit |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5553678A (en) * | 1991-08-30 | 1996-09-10 | Camco International Inc. | Modulated bias units for steerable rotary drilling systems |
| GB9708428D0 (en) * | 1997-04-26 | 1997-06-18 | Camco Int Uk Ltd | Improvements in or relating to rotary drill bits |
| US6550548B2 (en) * | 2001-02-16 | 2003-04-22 | Kyle Lamar Taylor | Rotary steering tool system for directional drilling |
| AR034780A1 (en) * | 2001-07-16 | 2004-03-17 | Shell Int Research | MOUNTING OF ROTATING DRILL AND METHOD FOR DIRECTIONAL DRILLING |
| GB0515394D0 (en) * | 2005-07-27 | 2005-08-31 | Schlumberger Holdings | Steerable drilling system |
| US7413034B2 (en) * | 2006-04-07 | 2008-08-19 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Steering tool |
| US7748466B2 (en) * | 2006-09-14 | 2010-07-06 | Thrubit B.V. | Coiled tubing wellbore drilling and surveying using a through the drill bit apparatus |
| US7942213B2 (en) * | 2006-10-27 | 2011-05-17 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Using hydrostatic bearings for downhole applications |
| US8205686B2 (en) * | 2008-09-25 | 2012-06-26 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Drill bit with adjustable axial pad for controlling torsional fluctuations |
| US7971662B2 (en) * | 2008-09-25 | 2011-07-05 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Drill bit with adjustable steering pads |
| US8061455B2 (en) * | 2009-02-26 | 2011-11-22 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Drill bit with adjustable cutters |
-
2013
- 2013-06-06 CN CN201380039524.5A patent/CN104508230B/en active Active
- 2013-06-06 SG SG11201408079UA patent/SG11201408079UA/en unknown
- 2013-06-06 MX MX2014014906A patent/MX2014014906A/en unknown
- 2013-06-06 WO PCT/US2013/044487 patent/WO2013188206A1/en active Application Filing
- 2013-06-06 IN IN10334DEN2014 patent/IN2014DN10334A/en unknown
- 2013-06-06 BR BR112014030612-5A patent/BR112014030612B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2013-06-06 EP EP13804590.1A patent/EP2859172A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2013-06-06 CA CA2875197A patent/CA2875197C/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2875197C (en) | 2019-01-08 |
| BR112014030612B1 (en) | 2021-03-02 |
| MX2014014906A (en) | 2015-06-10 |
| WO2013188206A1 (en) | 2013-12-19 |
| BR112014030612A2 (en) | 2017-06-27 |
| SG11201408079UA (en) | 2015-01-29 |
| EP2859172A4 (en) | 2016-01-20 |
| EP2859172A1 (en) | 2015-04-15 |
| IN2014DN10334A (en) | 2015-08-07 |
| CN104508230A (en) | 2015-04-08 |
| CA2875197A1 (en) | 2013-12-19 |
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