CN104506783A - Multi-mode super CCD (Charge Coupled Device) sensor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to a photosensitive sensor, and particularly relates to a CCD (Charge Coupled Device) sensor. A multi-mode super CCD (Charge Coupled Device) sensor is characterized by comprising multiple lines of single-linear-array CCDs and an addressing circuit, wherein lines of the multiple lines of single-linear-array CCD are arranged closely; the addressing circuit is connected with the driving pulse signal of each line of single-linear-array CCDs; and each line of single-linear-array CCDs is provided with an independently determined address which is selected through a driving address gating signal. The multi-mode super CCD sensor has the function of an area array CCD for acquiring two-dimensional images signals. Moreover, the imaging time and charge transfer time of each line of imaging units can be controlled and output separately, and single-linear-array scanned image sequences are generated respectively.

Description

A multi-mode super CCD sensor

technical field

The invention belongs to a photosensitive sensor, in particular to a CCD sensor.

Background technique

CCD sensor (Charge Coupled Device) is a charge-coupled device, which is made of a high-sensitivity semiconductor material and can store signal charges generated by light. By applying specific timing pulses to it, the stored signal charges Self-scanning is realized by directional transmission in the CCD. Traditional CCD sensors include three types: single-line array CCD, area array CCD and TDI-CCD. They arrange many tiny semiconductor silicon photosensitive solid elements in a linear or planar shape with extremely high density. The linear array CCD converts the optical image formed on it into a time-sequential electrical signal output. When obtaining a two-dimensional image signal, it must make a relative push-broom movement with the imaging area; the area array CCD is a two-dimensional image sensor, which can directly convert the two-dimensional image Converted to video signal output, suitable for staring imaging of the imaging area; TDI-CCD structure is similar to area array CCD, adopts push-broom imaging, it performs charge accumulation on the same target exposure on the ground step by step, and solves image energy by delay integration Insufficient problem.

However, in order to achieve the function of obtaining two-dimensional image signals with an area array CCD, and independently control the imaging time and image signal transfer time of each row of imaging units, and separately output the imaging signals of each row of devices, the traditional linear array CCD , area array CCD and TDI-CCD are impossible. For this reason, the present invention is proposed.

Contents of the invention

The object of the invention is: provide a kind of multimodal super CCD sensor (MS-CCD, promptly Multi-modality SuperCCD), both have the function of area array CCD, obtain two-dimensional image signal; and charge transfer time are controlled separately and output separately, each generating a single line scan image sequence.

Technical scheme of the present invention is:

A multi-mode super CCD sensor is characterized in that it includes: multi-row single line array CCD, addressing circuit, wherein:

Each row of the multi-row single-line array CCD includes a photosensitive unit, a transfer gate, a shift register, and an output amplifier; the photosensitive unit and the shift register are closely arranged on both sides of the transfer gate, arranged side by side in a strip Structure; each row of single-line array CCD is equipped with independent driving pulse signal and voltage input for controlling the transfer direction and rate of charge, and an independent analog output signal terminal is connected to the output amplifier for signal amplification and output.

Each row of the multi-row single linear array CCD is closely arranged;

The addressing circuit is connected with the driving pulse signals of the single-line array CCDs of each row, and each row of the single-line array CCDs has an independently determined address, and the address is selected by driving the address strobe signal.

The working process of each row of single-line array CCD is: when the transfer gate is applied with a low level, the photosensitive unit is isolated from the shift register. At this time, the photosensitive unit performs light integration and continuously accumulates charges; Normally, the photosensitive unit communicates with the shift register, and the charges accumulated during light integration are transferred to the shift register through the transfer gate. Since the time of light integration is much longer than the transfer time of adding a high level to the transfer gate, within the time of light integration, adding a drive pulse to the shift register can convert the charges in the shift register to one by one. Bit by bit is shifted out of the device and passed through the output amplifier to form a timing signal.

The present invention uses an addressing circuit to individually control each row of single-line array CCDs and output them individually. When the addressing circuit only selects a certain row, the selected row works according to the working process of the single-line array CCD, and generates a single-line array scanning image sequence, realizing the function of the single-line array CCD; if the addressing circuit selects several rows simultaneously or sequentially, it can realize Simultaneously or sequentially scan; if the addressing circuit selects each row at the same time, in the case of the same sampling time of each line array CCD, the output sequential image signal generates a two-dimensional image, realizing the function of the area array CCD.

The design of the addressing circuit of the present invention makes a kind of multi-mode super CCD of the present invention not only have the function of the area array CCD, obtain the two-dimensional image signal; but also can separately control the imaging time and charge transfer time of each row of imaging units , output separately, each generating a single line scan image sequence.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 structural representation of the present invention

Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the square pixel MS-CCD structure;

Fig. 3 schematic diagram of arrangement structure of triangular pixel square array;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of another arrangement structure of triangular pixels;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement structure of the hexagonal pixel square array;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of another arrangement structure of hexagonal pixels;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement structure of octagonal pixel square array;

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of another arrangement structure of octagonal pixels;

Detailed ways

Embodiment 1: as shown in Figure 1, a kind of multimodal super CCD sensor is characterized in that comprising: multi-row single linear array CCD, addressing circuit, wherein:

Each row of the multi-row single-line array CCD includes a photosensitive unit, a transfer gate, a shift register, and an output amplifier; the photosensitive unit and the shift register are closely arranged on both sides of the transfer gate, arranged side by side in a strip Structure; each row of single-line array CCD is equipped with independent driving pulse signal and voltage input for controlling the transfer direction and rate of charge, and an independent analog output signal terminal is connected to the output amplifier for signal amplification and output.

Each row of the multi-row single linear array CCD is closely arranged;

The addressing circuit is connected with the driving pulse signals of the single-line array CCDs of each row, and each row of the single-line array CCDs has an independently determined address, and the address is selected by driving the address strobe signal.

Embodiment 2: according to a kind of multimodal super CCD described in embodiment 1, its characteristic multi-row single line array CCD layout is arranged as the square array of triangular pixel as shown in 3, or is the square image shown in Fig. 2 The array of pixels is arranged in a square matrix, or the arrangement of a square array of hexagonal pixels, or the arrangement of a square array of octagonal pixels as shown in FIG. 5 .

Embodiment 3; According to a kind of multimodal super CCD described in embodiment 1, its characteristic multi-row single line array CCD layout is triangular pixel arrangement, and triangular pixel arrangement is as shown in Figure 4, and triangular pixel is placed upside down Arranged, equilateral adjacent to each other, the bases are opposite to each other, forming parallel strips, which are more closely arranged than the triangular pixel square array shown in Fig. 3 .

Embodiment 4: according to a kind of multimodal super CCD described in embodiment 1, its characteristic multi-row single line array CCD layout is hexagonal pixel arrangement, and hexagonal pixel arrangement is as shown in Figure 6, the first Row N is vertically aligned with row N+2, and the pixels in row N+1 are located at the geometric centers of the four adjacent pixels between row N and row N+2, compared to the hexagonal pixel matrix shown in Figure 5 arranged more closely.

Embodiment 5: as shown in Figure 5, according to a kind of multimodal super CCD described in embodiment 1, its feature multi-row single line array CCD layout is octagonal pixel arrangement, and octagonal pixel arrangement is as follows As shown in Figure 8, the Nth row and the N+2th row are vertically aligned, and the N+1th row of pixels is located at the geometric center of the four adjacent pixels between the Nth row and the N+2th row. The octagonal square array of pixels is arranged more closely.

The arrangement of pixels in Embodiment 3 to Embodiment 5 is more compact than the traditional square array, which can increase the sampling density, reduce the redundant space that is useless for image shooting, and improve the efficiency of light concentration, so that the hardware photosensitivity, signal-to-noise Ratio and dynamic range are both improved.

Claims (9)

1. a multi-modal super CCD transducer, is characterized in that comprising: multirow single linear CCD, addressing circuit, wherein:

Every provisional capital of described multirow single linear CCD comprises photosensitive unit, TG transfer gate, shift register, output amplifier; Described photosensitive unit and described shift register are arranged closely in described TG transfer gate both sides, line up list structure side by side; Every row single linear CCD be provided with independently drive pulse signal and voltage input for the shift direction that controls electric charge and speed, be provided with independently analog output signal end and be connected with output amplifier, for signal amplification output;

Close-packed arrays between each row of described multirow single linear CCD;

Described addressing circuit is connected with the drive pulse signal of described each row single linear CCD, and the often row of described single linear CCD has the address independently determined, the selection of this address is selected by driving address gating signal.

2. the multi-modal super CCD transducer of one according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described multirow single linear CCD layout is the arrangement of triangle pixel.

3. the multi-modal super CCD transducer of one according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described triangle pixel is placed upside down arrangement, equilateral adjacent, and base is relative, forms parallel stripes.

4. the multi-modal super CCD transducer of one according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described multirow single linear CCD layout is the arrangement of square pixel.

5. the multi-modal super CCD transducer of one according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described square pixel becomes square formation to arrange.

6. the multi-modal super CCD transducer of one according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described multirow single linear CCD layout is the arrangement of hexagon pixel.

7. the multi-modal super CCD transducer of one according to claim 6, is characterized in that: described hexagon pixel arranges longitudinal alignment by N row and N+2, and N+1 row pixel is positioned at N and arranges the Structural assignments arranging the geometric center of adjacent four pixels with N+2.

8. the multi-modal super CCD transducer of one according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described multirow single linear CCD layout is the arrangement of octagon pixel.

9. the multi-modal super CCD transducer of one according to claim 8, is characterized in that: described octagon pixel arranges longitudinal alignment by N row and N+2, and N+1 row pixel is positioned at N and arranges the Structural assignments arranging the geometric center of adjacent four pixels with N+2.