CN104504186A - Implementation method based on 3D (Three Dimensional) printing data processing software platform - Google Patents
Implementation method based on 3D (Three Dimensional) printing data processing software platform Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an implementation method based on a 3D (Three Dimensional) printing data processing software platform. The implementation method based on the 3D printing data processing software platform comprises the following steps of establishing a 3D model of a part to be processed, and generating a corresponding STL (Standard Template Library) file according to the established model; adopting an OpenGL visualization technology to carry out visualization processing on the generated STL file; carrying out rapid hierarchical slicing processing on a 3D model subjected to the visualization processing according to the position and the topological relationship of a triangular patch in the STL file, and automatically adding a support structure for the 3D model of the part to be processed; according to the result of hierarchical slicing processing and the characteristics of processing materials, adopting a birth-death element method to simulate a processing process based on SLS (Selective Laser Sintering) and SLM (Selective Maping) technology processes for the part to be processed; carrying out parameter selection and model optimization on the part to be processed according to the simulation result, so that optimal printing parameters and an optimal processing model of the part to be processed are obtained. The implementation method based on the 3D printing data processing software platform has the advantages of high efficiency, low cost and good forming quality, and can be widely applied in the field of automatic control.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to automation field, especially a kind of implementation based on 3D print data process software platform.
Background technology
3D prints also known as the manufacture of increasing material, is that a kind of mould that do not need just can realize the rapid shaping technique of cad model to conversion in kind by superposition principle.This technology has the advantage that conventional machining techniques cannot replace in new product development and personalized product customization etc.At present according to printing principle, the method that 3D prints can be divided into: stereolithography, fused glass pellet, selective laser fusing and layer separated growth.3D printing shaping process can be divided into the discrete process contrary with accumulation two.Discrete referring to carries out hierarchy slicing process to three-dimensional CAD model, acquisition has certain thickness two-dimensional silhouette, data after hierarchy slicing process are through process further, and print numerical control forming technique according to the requirement of different process with 3D and combine, to make digital control system process in planar fashion according to the code generated, realize the banking process be layering.
The data processing of three-dimensional CAD model is the important step of 3D printing technique, directly determines precision and the Forming Quality of printout.According to different printing technique, the material of 3D print system process is also different.In SLM and the SLS technical matters for the production of precision engineering parts is developed, 3D print system still uses conventional methods, repeatedly need be verified by a large amount of orthogonal tests, under different processing technology, test corresponding mechanical property, thus draw best working process parameter scope and corresponding science data.This process extends the product output time undoubtedly and increases cost, also cannot give full play to the advantage that 3D prints.And existing 3D print system needs manually for part adds supporting construction, the leading time is long, cannot ensure shaping quality.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the object of the invention is: provide that a kind of efficiency is high, cost is low and Forming Quality is good, based on the implementation of 3D print data process software platform.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
Based on an implementation for 3D print data process software platform, comprising:
A, build the three-dimensional model of part to be processed, and according to the corresponding stl file of model generation built;
B, employing OpenGL visualization technique carry out visualization processing to the stl file generated, thus realize the reconstructing three-dimensional model of stl file and playing up and operating model;
C, according to the position of stl file intermediate cam dough sheet and topological relation, fast hierarchical slicing treatment is carried out to the three-dimensional model after visualization processing, and automatically add supporting construction for the three-dimensional model of part to be processed;
D, according to the result of hierarchy slicing process and the characteristic of rapidoprint, adopt method of killing activating elements to treat processing parts to simulate based on the process of SLS and SLM technical matters, then treat processing parts according to the result of simulation and carry out Selecting parameter and model optimization, thus obtain the optimum print parameters of part to be processed and optimum processing model.
Further, described step B, it comprises:
B1, to generate stl file read and repair process;
B2, adopt OpenGL visualization technique to carry out reconstructing three-dimensional model to the stl file after repairing, and the three-dimensional model of stl file is carried out that illumination is chosen, choice of material and color rendering;
B3, to rebuild after three-dimensional model carry out convergent-divergent, translation, rotation, mirror image and selection operation.
Further, in described step C, carry out this step of fast hierarchical slicing treatment according to the position of stl file intermediate cam dough sheet and topological relation to the three-dimensional model after visualization processing, it is specially:
C11, the tri patch of stl file is carried out packet sequencing according to its minimum constructive height;
C12, Dynamic Establishing tri patch table, and the tri patch setting up local in this tri patch table adjoins topological relation;
C13, carry out slicing treatment according to the result of packet sequencing and tri patch table.
Further, described step D, it comprises:
D1, according to the result of hierarchy slicing process and the characteristic of rapidoprint, SLS and the SLM process adopting method of killing activating elements to treat processing parts is simulated;
D2, treat processing parts carry out Selecting parameter and model optimization according to the result of simulation, thus obtain the optimum print parameters of part to be processed and optimum processing model.
Further, described step D1, it comprises:
D11, import the three-dimensional model of part to be processed, and carry out the definition of rapidoprint attribute and carry out stress and strain model;
D12, kill all unit in grid except ground floor;
D13, with ground floor unit for current layer unit, and be that current layer applies starting condition and boundary condition, load laser energy to current layer;
The heat transfer of D14, calculating current layer unit, obtains the Temperature Distribution of current layer unit;
D15, calculate phase transformation and the thermal stress of current layer unit according to the Temperature Distribution of current layer unit;
D16, judge whether the calculating of all completes, if so, then perform step D2, otherwise, then upgrade laser energy item and boundary condition, then return step D14.
Further, described step D16, it comprises:
Whether D161, the calculating of judgement when front complete, and if so, then perform step D162, otherwise, then remove the load of current layer, and return step D14 after renewal laser energy item and boundary condition;
Whether D162, judgement ought complete in calculating above, if so, then perform step D163; Otherwise, then laser energy is moved to next line, then removes the load of current layer, and return step D14 after renewal laser energy item and boundary condition;
D163, the laser energy removing current layer and boundary condition, and the unit activating lower one deck carries out phase transformation and thermal stress calculates;
D164, judge whether the calculating of all completes, if so, then perform step D2, otherwise, then laser energy is moved to lower one deck, then remove the load of current layer, and return step D14 after renewal laser energy item and boundary condition.
Further, the Selecting parameter of described step D2 comprises: technological parameter selection, Material selec-tion and color selecting.
Further, for the three-dimensional model of part to be processed adds this step of supporting construction automatically in described step C, it is specially: adopt the Support generation algorithm based on view field to be that the three-dimensional model of part to be processed adds supporting construction automatically.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: in conjunction with the position of stl file intermediate cam dough sheet and topological relation to carry out fast hierarchical slicing treatment, increased substantially layering efficiency, decreased internal memory spending and stand-by period; Set up the process adopting method of killing activating elements to treat processing parts to carry out based on the process of SLS and SLM technical matters simulating, and the selected of optimum print parameters can be carried out according to analog result, overcome tradition and carry out the selected defect of working process parameter scope by a large amount of orthogonal tests, save the product output time and decrease cost; Automatically can add supporting construction, decrease the leading time and shaping quality can be ensured.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.
Fig. 1 is the overall flow figure of a kind of implementation based on 3D print data process software platform of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram of step B of the present invention;
To be the present invention carry out the process flow diagram of fast hierarchical slicing treatment according to the position of stl file intermediate cam dough sheet and topological relation to the three-dimensional model after visualization processing to Fig. 3;
Fig. 4 is the process flow diagram of step D of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the process flow diagram of step D1 of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the process flow diagram of step D16 of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is reading and the analysis process figure of the embodiment of the present invention two stl file;
Fig. 8 is the structured flowchart of the embodiment of the present invention two 3D print data process software platform;
Fig. 9 is the modeling process chart of the embodiment of the present invention two pairs of SLS and SLM process.
Embodiment
With reference to Fig. 1, a kind of implementation based on 3D print data process software platform, comprising:
A, build the three-dimensional model of part to be processed, and according to the corresponding stl file of model generation built;
B, employing OpenGL visualization technique carry out visualization processing to the stl file generated, thus realize the reconstructing three-dimensional model of stl file and playing up and operating model;
C, according to the position of stl file intermediate cam dough sheet and topological relation, fast hierarchical slicing treatment is carried out to the three-dimensional model after visualization processing, and automatically add supporting construction for the three-dimensional model of part to be processed;
D, according to the result of hierarchy slicing process and the characteristic of rapidoprint, adopt method of killing activating elements to treat processing parts to simulate based on the process of SLS and SLM technical matters, then treat processing parts according to the result of simulation and carry out Selecting parameter and model optimization, thus obtain the optimum print parameters of part to be processed and optimum processing model.
With reference to Fig. 2, be further used as preferred embodiment, described step B, it comprises:
B1, to generate stl file read and repair process;
B2, adopt OpenGL visualization technique to carry out reconstructing three-dimensional model to the stl file after repairing, and the three-dimensional model of stl file is carried out that illumination is chosen, choice of material and color rendering;
B3, to rebuild after three-dimensional model carry out convergent-divergent, translation, rotation, mirror image and selection operation.
With reference to Fig. 3, be further used as preferred embodiment, in described step C, carry out this step of fast hierarchical slicing treatment according to the position of stl file intermediate cam dough sheet and topological relation to the three-dimensional model after visualization processing, it is specially:
C11, the tri patch of stl file is carried out packet sequencing according to its minimum constructive height;
C12, Dynamic Establishing tri patch table, and the tri patch setting up local in this tri patch table adjoins topological relation;
C13, carry out slicing treatment according to the result of packet sequencing and tri patch table.
With reference to Fig. 4, be further used as preferred embodiment, described step D, it comprises:
D1, according to the result of hierarchy slicing process and the characteristic of rapidoprint, SLS and the SLM process adopting method of killing activating elements to treat processing parts is simulated;
D2, treat processing parts carry out Selecting parameter and model optimization according to the result of simulation, thus obtain the optimum print parameters of part to be processed and optimum processing model.
With reference to Fig. 5, be further used as preferred embodiment, described step D1, it comprises:
D11, import the three-dimensional model of part to be processed, and carry out the definition of rapidoprint attribute and carry out stress and strain model;
D12, kill all unit in grid except ground floor;
D13, with ground floor unit for current layer unit, and be that current layer applies starting condition and boundary condition, load laser energy to current layer;
The heat transfer of D14, calculating current layer unit, obtains the Temperature Distribution of current layer unit;
D15, calculate phase transformation and the thermal stress of current layer unit according to the Temperature Distribution of current layer unit;
D16, judge whether the calculating of all completes, if so, then perform step D2, otherwise, then upgrade laser energy item and boundary condition, then return step D14.
With reference to Fig. 6, be further used as preferred embodiment, described step D16, it comprises:
Whether D161, the calculating of judgement when front complete, and if so, then perform step D162, otherwise, then remove the load of current layer, and return step D14 after renewal laser energy item and boundary condition;
Whether D162, judgement ought complete in calculating above, if so, then perform step D163; Otherwise, then laser energy is moved to next line, then removes the load of current layer, and return step D14 after renewal laser energy item and boundary condition;
D163, the laser energy removing current layer and boundary condition, and the unit activating lower one deck carries out phase transformation and thermal stress calculates;
D164, judge whether the calculating of all completes, if so, then perform step D2, otherwise, then laser energy is moved to lower one deck, then remove the load of current layer, and return step D14 after renewal laser energy item and boundary condition.
Wherein, the load of current layer, comprises laser energy and the boundary condition of current layer.
Be further used as preferred embodiment, the Selecting parameter of described step D2 comprises: technological parameter selection, Material selec-tion and color selecting.
Be further used as preferred embodiment, for the three-dimensional model of part to be processed adds this step of supporting construction automatically in described step C, it is specially: adopt the Support generation algorithm based on view field to be that the three-dimensional model of part to be processed adds supporting construction automatically.
Below in conjunction with Figure of description and specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment one
The present embodiment is described the correlation theory that the present invention adopts ANSYS finite element thermal analysis instrument and Life-and-death element technology to carry out SLS and SLM simulating cutting process.
(1) finite element method
The ultimate principle of finite element analysis is by script continuous print model discretize, be decomposed into by continuous print entity to be limitedly multiplely connected to each other, the minute cells block of regular shape, the approximate function of a certain physical characteristics of description supposed by each junior unit block solves the function of whole model, thus transfer original complicated infinite degrees of freedom problem to finite degrees of freedom problem, make to solve simplification, be applicable to solving of the problems such as the material behavior of various complex model, complicated boundary condition and complexity.The solution that finite element is tried to achieve not is exact value, but an approximate value, its levels of precision depends on the cell block of division.
(2) Life-and-death element technology
" Life-and-death element technology " is ANSYS company to simulate the dynamic process of such as welding, cut, laser sintered, tunnel digging and so on and a kind of new technology of developing.In the art, element death and alive function is realized by the mode of amendment element stiffness.When unit " is killed ", it is not delete from stiffness matrix, but its rigidity reduces to a very little value.The rigidity of the unit killed is multiplied by a minimum reduction factor (default value is 1E-6).In order to prevent Singular Value, this rigidity is not set to 0.Similarly, when unit " work " time, be also that the mode by revising stiffness coefficient realizes.All unit, comprise beginning killed, just exist, this is because the size of stiffness matrix can not change in analytic process, so the unit be activated just is established when modeling, to realize follow-up " life and death " function before solving.When unit is reactivated, the parameters such as its rigidity, quality and load are restored to time of day.
Embodiment two
With reference to Fig. 7, the second embodiment of the present invention:
A kind of implementation based on 3D print data process software platform of the present invention, is divided into three parts: the reconstructing three-dimensional model of stl file and to the playing up and operate of model, to the layering of three-dimensional model and automatically add support, SLS and SLM cutting process simulation and based on the Selecting parameter of this result and the optimization that designs a model.One by one this three part is described below.
(1) reconstructing three-dimensional model of stl file and playing up and operating model
STL form, owing to having the features such as easy conversion, expression scope is wide, hierarchical algorithm is simple, for most of 3D print system adopts, has become 3D and has printed the actual industrial standard of industry.STL part has two kinds of forms: ASCII fromat and binary format.Wherein, binary stl file more much smaller than the file of ASCII fromat (being generally 1/5), but ASCII fromat can direct reading and inspection.Fig. 8 is reading and the analysis process of stl file.
For 3D print data process software, the display of three-dimensional model is its requisite function, therefore must carry out three-dimensional visualization process to stl file.Generally speaking, the Presentation Function of three-dimensional model need reach following requirement:
1) realistic three-dimensional model can be shown;
2) wire frame mode and shadow mode is supported;
3) illumination, unlike material and color selecting can be provided;
4) support model convergent-divergent, translation, rotation, mirror image, the function such as to choose.
In order to realize above-mentioned functions, present invention employs OpenGL visualization technique and stl file is operated.
(2) three-dimensional model layering and automatically add support
3D prints and adopts the mode successively printed to realize increasing material manufacture, therefore, must carry out layering to stl file along short transverse, to obtain two-dimensional silhouette information accurately.In order to improve layering efficiency, the tri patch of stl file is first carried out packet sequencing according to its minimum constructive height by the present invention, to reduce the number of times that tri patch and slice plane position relationship judge; Then Dynamic Establishing tri patch table, and the tri patch setting up local in this active table adjoins topological relation, finally carry out slicing treatment on this basis again, the intersection point set obtained is made to be orderly, directly to obtain end to end oriented closed outline, thus obtain higher slice efficiency.
Supporting construction is the important component part using 3D printing device processing parts.Supporting construction not only can ensure that hanging part can correct forming, can also prevent the distortion that thermal stress causes, and ensures that part can intactly be processed.But current 3D print software cannot realize the full-automatic interpolation of supporting construction, in most cases need manually to add support, not only time-consuming, and be difficult to ensure the quality of products.In view of this, the present invention's Support generation algorithm that have chosen based on view field adds the algorithm of support automatically, to save the leading time, ensures Forming Quality.
Support generation algorithm based on view field is the innovatory algorithm of BOX type automatic generating calculation.When it makes supporting domain on each point of layer cross section, not using the least surrounding boxes of the projection of part prototype in XOY plane as bounds, but adopt its projection in XOY plane as bounds, solid cross-section solid material within the scope of projection domain is filled, other region is then filled with propping material, like this, obtains the cylinder that is bottom surface with the projection domain of part prototype, then propping material is removed, thus finally obtain the prototype of part.
(3) SLS and SLM cutting process simulation and based on the Selecting parameter of this result and model optimization
SLS and SLM technology is when processing metal or stupalith, and material experiences violent temperature variation at short notice.The thermal stress produced in the process often cannot be eliminated in time, if thermal stress is excessive, part deformation can be caused even to ftracture, cause part not reach designing requirement and even process failure.In order to better play the technical advantage of SLS and SLM, be necessary to simulate process, according to analog result Choice and process parameter, to obtain satisfactory part according to the model feature of part and material behavior before processing.But current 3D print software does not have this function.
Because 3D printing increases material manufacture process, the present invention adopts " Life-and-death element technology " to this process simulation, carries out the selected defect of working process parameter scope to overcome tradition by a large amount of orthogonal tests.
The process of SLS and SLM is important component part of the present invention.Help user is understood print procedure by this part more intuitively, and to the thermal deformation in process, unrelieved stress crosses high potential problems provides solution.Meanwhile, this part selects print parameters, planning printing path and Amending design model better to adapt to the feature of 3D printing by helping user.Fig. 9 is the modeling process chart for SLS and SLM process.
Although 3D prints have impayable advantage in manufacturing complex shapes part, it also has himself limitation.At present, it is all the mode processing parts adopting point by point scanning that most of 3D prints technique, when some feature is less than laser facula or nozzle diameter, or when there is right angle feature in design, 3D prints cannot process satisfactory part according to design proposal.The present invention is optimized existing modelling, and the result according to simulation instructs user to revise model, and eliminate stress design that is concentrated, that change the part that cannot process, to adapt to the feature that 3D prints, better plays the advantage that 3D prints.
In addition, the present invention also establishes the standard material storehouse comprising macromolecular material, stupalith and metal material and selects for user, simultaneously, establish the technological standards of data processing and exchange, break existing software only for the limitation of a certain technique, can use in different process, convenient.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
A, take a kind of brand-new Stratified Strategy, the position of stl file intermediate cam dough sheet and topological relation are combined, have increased substantially layering efficiency, decrease internal memory spending and stand-by period.
B, on the basis of common delamination software, increase the analogue simulation module of the production run to SLS and SLM technology, by analysing in depth 3D print procedure employing technology of the present invention, thus find the optimal printing parameter for different structure, different materials; According to the feature of SLS and SLM technique, existing model can also be modified, to adapt to the design needs that 3D prints simultaneously.
C, break through and manually added the limitation of supporting construction in the past, develop the algorithm automatically adding and support, to save the leading time, ensure Forming Quality.
D, establish the standard material storehouse comprising macromolecular material, stupalith and metal material and select for user, simultaneously, set up the technological standards of data processing and exchange, break existing software only for the limitation of a certain technique, can use in different process.
More than that better enforcement of the present invention is illustrated, but the invention is not limited to described embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art also can make all equivalent variations or replacement under the prerequisite without prejudice to spirit of the present invention, and these equivalent distortion or replacement are all included in the application's claim limited range.
Claims (8)
1., based on an implementation for 3D print data process software platform, it is characterized in that: comprising:
A, build the three-dimensional model of part to be processed, and according to the corresponding stl file of model generation built;
B, employing OpenGL visualization technique carry out visualization processing to the stl file generated, thus realize the reconstructing three-dimensional model of stl file and playing up and operating model;
C, according to the position of stl file intermediate cam dough sheet and topological relation, fast hierarchical slicing treatment is carried out to the three-dimensional model after visualization processing, and automatically add supporting construction for the three-dimensional model of part to be processed;
D, according to the result of hierarchy slicing process and the characteristic of rapidoprint, adopt method of killing activating elements to treat processing parts to simulate based on the process of SLS and SLM technical matters, then treat processing parts according to the result of simulation and carry out Selecting parameter and model optimization, thus obtain the optimum print parameters of part to be processed and optimum processing model.
2. a kind of implementation based on 3D print data process software platform according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described step B, it comprises:
B1, to generate stl file read and repair process;
B2, adopt OpenGL visualization technique to carry out reconstructing three-dimensional model to the stl file after repairing, and the three-dimensional model of stl file is carried out that illumination is chosen, choice of material and color rendering;
B3, to rebuild after three-dimensional model carry out convergent-divergent, translation, rotation, mirror image and selection operation.
3. a kind of implementation based on 3D print data process software platform according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step C, carry out this step of fast hierarchical slicing treatment according to the position of stl file intermediate cam dough sheet and topological relation to the three-dimensional model after visualization processing, it is specially:
C11, the tri patch of stl file is carried out packet sequencing according to its minimum constructive height;
C12, Dynamic Establishing tri patch table, and the tri patch setting up local in this tri patch table adjoins topological relation;
C13, carry out slicing treatment according to the result of packet sequencing and tri patch table.
4. a kind of implementation based on 3D print data process software platform according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described step D, it comprises:
D1, according to the result of hierarchy slicing process and the characteristic of rapidoprint, SLS and the SLM process adopting method of killing activating elements to treat processing parts is simulated;
D2, treat processing parts carry out Selecting parameter and model optimization according to the result of simulation, thus obtain the optimum print parameters of part to be processed and optimum processing model.
5. a kind of implementation based on 3D print data process software platform according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described step D1, it comprises:
D11, import the three-dimensional model of part to be processed, and carry out the definition of rapidoprint attribute and carry out stress and strain model;
D12, kill all unit in grid except ground floor;
D13, with ground floor unit for current layer unit, and be that current layer applies starting condition and boundary condition, load laser energy to current layer;
The heat transfer of D14, calculating current layer unit, obtains the Temperature Distribution of current layer unit;
D15, calculate phase transformation and the thermal stress of current layer unit according to the Temperature Distribution of current layer unit;
D16, judge whether the calculating of all completes, if so, then perform step D2, otherwise, then upgrade laser energy item and boundary condition, then return step D14.
6. a kind of implementation based on 3D print data process software platform according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described step D16, it comprises:
Whether D161, the calculating of judgement when front complete, and if so, then perform step D162, otherwise, then remove the load of current layer, and return step D14 after renewal laser energy item and boundary condition;
Whether D162, judgement ought complete in calculating above, if so, then perform step D163; Otherwise, then laser energy is moved to next line, then removes the load of current layer, and return step D14 after renewal laser energy item and boundary condition;
D163, the laser energy removing current layer and boundary condition, and the unit activating lower one deck carries out phase transformation and thermal stress calculates;
D164, judge whether the calculating of all completes, if so, then perform step D2, otherwise, then laser energy is moved to lower one deck, then remove the load of current layer, and return step D14 after renewal laser energy item and boundary condition.
7. a kind of implementation based on 3D print data process software platform according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the Selecting parameter of described step D2 comprises: technological parameter selection, Material selec-tion and color selecting.
8. a kind of implementation based on 3D print data process software platform according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: for the three-dimensional model of part to be processed adds this step of supporting construction automatically in described step C, it is specially: adopt the Support generation algorithm based on view field to be that the three-dimensional model of part to be processed adds supporting construction automatically.
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