CN104502733B - A kind of optical measuring system for DC electric field field strength measurement - Google Patents
A kind of optical measuring system for DC electric field field strength measurement Download PDFInfo
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- CN104502733B CN104502733B CN201410830714.5A CN201410830714A CN104502733B CN 104502733 B CN104502733 B CN 104502733B CN 201410830714 A CN201410830714 A CN 201410830714A CN 104502733 B CN104502733 B CN 104502733B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of optical measuring system for DC electric field field strength measurement, belongs to DC electric field measurement technical field.In measuring system, the outfan of lasing light emitter is connected with the input of the integrated electric-field sensor based on common path interference by being input into polarization maintaining optical fibre, carries out photoelectric conversion through the incoming detector of optical signals optical fiber of Electric Field Modulated.Source of the gas enters the air-flow of two air flues of solenoid directional control valve backgating, in input rotary apparatuss, drives cylinder bidirectional rotation.Drive circuit drive magnetic valve realizes the change of current.This measuring system, front end rotary apparatuss are nonmetallic materials, reduce the distortion to field to be measured；Each components and parts flexible connection in measuring system, increased the motility of metering system；Control, drive circuit and measuring system are adequately isolated, and are difficult by electromagnetic interference, improve the accuracy and reliability of measurement result.Measuring system can be distributed with close-in measurement body surface DC electric field, widened the scope that can survey electric field.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of optical measuring system for DC electric field field strength measurement, belongs to DC electric field measurement technology
Field.
Background technology
DC electric field measurement is extensive in engineer applied and field of scientific study demand, and electrical equipment is diagnosed, and improves electric energy
Efficiency of transmission is significant.At present, the research with regard to filed detection method is at home and abroad extensively carried out, according to measurement
Principle can be divided into two class of optical meanss and electrical method.
Electric measurement method is based primarily upon electromagnetic induction principle, is generally made directly using the method for rotation or vibration induction blade
Stream electric field is converted to alternating electric field, forms rotating electric field instrument and vibration electric field instrument.Rotation field intensity indicator is commonly referred to electric field mill, wide
It is general to be applied to the strong measurement of DC transmission line route end.The electrostatic electricity of nineteen eighty-three, D.Train and R.Dube using special design
Pressure meter measures the field strength distribution on HVDC insulator chain surface.But the shortcoming of above-mentioned electric measurement method has two：First, institute
Using field intensity indicator be active device, electronic circuit is contained in inside, the Yi Yinshou under highfield and more severe measuring environment
Fail to electromagnetic interference；Second, contain metal parts inside field intensity indicator, during measurement, can cause the distortion of site original field,
The accuracy for measuring is affected greatly.
Measuring method is mainly based upon the linear electro-optic effect of crystal.Nineteen eighty-two, Kunihiko Hidaka and
Hiroyuki Fujita are rotated using the lithium columbate crystal with linear electro-optic effect, are obtained and are reflected stablizing for tested DC fields
Alternation output, while eliminate adsorb lithium columbate crystal sruface charge impact.But due to needing alternating current generator, machine
The devices such as tool actuating device, range of application are only limited in laboratory environment.And due to the accurate complexity of equipment, it is difficult to it is applied to work
Industry scene.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to propose to a kind of optical measuring system for DC electric field field strength measurement, using existing base
In the integrated electric-field sensor of common path interference, design cutting for two-way airflow propulsion and hit formula blade revolvingly driven type DC electric field measurement
System, to reduce distortion of the measuring unit to field to be measured, improves the accuracy and reliability of measurement result, increases metering system
Motility, widens the scope that can survey electric field.
Optical measuring system for DC electric field field strength measurement proposed by the present invention, including the generation of DC source, signal
Device, signal drive circuit, solenoid directional control valve, first throttle valve, second throttle, alternating current power supply, electric air pump, lasing light emitter, rotation
Rotary device, electric-field sensor and detector；Described DC source and signal generator are connected with signal drive circuit respectively；Institute
The alternating current power supply stated is connected with the input of described electric air pump by holding wire, and the outfan of electric air pump passes through appendix
Road is connected with the inlet end of solenoid directional control valve, two outlet sides of solenoid directional control valve inlet end and respectively with first throttle valve
The inlet end of two choke valves is connected；Described lasing light emitter passes through the signal input part phase of polarization maintaining optical fibre and described electric-field sensor
Even, the signal output part of electric-field sensor is connected with described detector by polarization maintaining optical fibre；Described first throttle valve goes out
The outlet side of gas end and second throttle is connected with left air inlet and right air inlet on rotary apparatuss outer wall respectively；Described rotation
Rotary device is made up of two ball bearings, sleeve pipe, cylinder and multiple blades, and two described ball bearings are placed in rotary apparatuss base
On the bearing block at seat two ends, described ball bearing, sleeve pipe and cylinder are co-axially mounted successively from outside to inside, described electric field sensing
Device is placed in cylinder；Described multiple blades are divided into two groups, and two groups of blades are uniformly distributed along the circumference respectively and are fixed on the both sides of cylinder.
Optical measuring system for DC electric field field strength measurement proposed by the present invention, its advantage is：
In the optical measuring system of the present invention, the rotary apparatuss of its front end are made up of nonmetallic materials, therefore are greatly subtracted
Little distortion of the measuring unit to electric field to be measured；It is the appendix company of flexible and electric insulation between each part in measuring system
Connect, increased the motility of metering system, need to such as measure the electric field strength of any point below transmission line of electricity, can easily by
Device is arranged on the cross-arm of electric power pylon.Driving circuits in optical measuring system, it is possible to use gas pipeline reality
Now it is adequately isolated with rotary apparatuss, makes measuring system not susceptible to electromagnetic interferences, improve the accuracy of measurement result
With reliability.Rotary apparatuss are realized effective electric insulation and are isolated with external environment condition, can be many with close-in measurement
The distribution of body surface DC electric field, has widened the scope that can survey electric field.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the optical measuring system for DC electric field field strength measurement proposed by the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of rotary apparatuss in optical measuring system shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the top view of the rotary apparatuss shown in Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is the circuit theory diagrams of signal drive circuit in optical measuring system shown in Fig. 1.
In Fig. 1-Fig. 4,1 is DC source, and 2 is signal generator, and 3 is solenoid directional control valve, and 41 is first throttle valve, 42
It is second throttle, 5 is electric air pump, 6 is gas pipeline, 7 is polarization maintaining optical fibre, 8 is electric-field sensor, 9 is rotary apparatuss, 10
It is detector, 11 is lasing light emitter, and 12 is alternating current power supply, and 13 is wire, and 14 is left air inlet, and 15 is right air inlet, and 16 is pedestal,
17 is nylon ball bearing, and 18 is sleeve pipe, and 19 is cylinder, and 20 is impeller, and 21 is bearing block, and 22 is signal drive circuit.
Specific embodiment
Optical measuring system for DC electric field field strength measurement proposed by the present invention, its structural representation as shown in figure 1,
Including DC source 1, signal generator 2, signal drive circuit 22, solenoid directional control valve 3, first throttle valve 41, second throttle
42nd, alternating current power supply 12, electric air pump 5, lasing light emitter 11, rotary apparatuss 9, electric-field sensor 8 and detector 10.1 He of DC source
Signal generator 2 is connected with signal drive circuit 22 respectively.Alternating current power supply 12 passes through the input phase of holding wire and electric air pump 5
Even, the outfan of electric air pump 5 is connected with the inlet end of solenoid directional control valve 3 by gas pipeline 6, two of solenoid directional control valve 3
Outlet side is connected with the inlet end of the inlet end and second throttle 42 of first throttle valve 41 respectively.Lasing light emitter 11 is by protecting polarisation
Fine 7 are connected with the signal input part of electric-field sensor 8, and the signal output part of electric-field sensor 8 passes through polarization maintaining optical fibre 7 and detector
10 are connected.The outlet side of first throttle valve 41 and the outlet side of second throttle 42 are entered with the left side on 9 outer wall of rotary apparatuss respectively
QI KOU 14 is connected with right air inlet 15, as shown in Figure 2.The structural representation of rotary apparatuss as shown in Figures 2 and 3, rotating dress
Put and be made up of two ball bearings 17, sleeve pipe 18, cylinder 19 and multiple blades 20, two ball bearings 17 are respectively placed in rotating dress
Put on the bearing block 21 at 16 two ends of pedestal, ball bearing 17, sleeve pipe 18 and cylinder 19 are co-axially mounted successively from outside to inside.Electric field is passed
Sensor 8 is placed in cylinder 19.Multiple blades 20 are divided into two groups, and two groups of blades are uniformly distributed along the circumference respectively and are fixed on the two of cylinder 19
Side.
In one embodiment of above-mentioned optical measuring system, the circuit theory diagrams of signal drive circuit 22 are as shown in figure 4, letter
Number drive circuit 22 includes DC source 1, and control signal generator 2, resistance R1, R2, R3, amplifying triode Q1 follow three poles
Pipe Q2.Control signal generator 2, amplifying triode Q1 are connected with output common ground.Resistance R1 one end and control signal generator
Outfan is connected, and the other end is connected with the base stage of amplifying triode Q1.The base stage of amplifying triode Q1 is connected with resistance R1, transmitting
Pole is connected to the ground, and colelctor electrode and R2, R3 are connected.R2 one end is connected with DC source, the current collection of the other end and amplifying triode Q1
Extremely it is connected.R3 one end and the colelctor electrode of amplifying triode Q1, the other end are connected with audion Q2 base stages are followed.Follow audion Q2
Base stage be connected with R3, colelctor electrode is connected with DC source, emitter stage with output be connected.Output voltage is to follow audion Q2 collection
Voltage between electrode and ground.
The operation principle and the course of work of optical measuring system proposed by the present invention is discussed in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing：
The air-flow of Jing air pumps output is through solenoid directional control valve and first throttle valve, the regulation and control of second throttle, according to control
The rule of signal, is sprayed in rotary apparatuss respectively from left and right air inlet.Rotary apparatuss are pressed under the driving of left and right air inlet stream
Bidirectional rotation is carried out according to the rule of control signal.In the case where external electric field is DC electric field, the electric field that sensor is experienced is made
It is the alternating electric field with speed as frequency.By the measurement to alternating electric field amplitude, you can obtain extraneous DC electric field
Field intensity value.
First, required according to control, by arranging microprocessor (signal generator), produce frequency, dutycycle adjustable
Rectangular pulse signal.Experiment shows that the rectangular pulse signal of 0.1Hz or so is more suitable, in actual applications can be as needed
Debugged.Signal experiences transistor multistage amplifier circuit afterwards.Amplifying circuit is exported and load phase by signal pulse control
The driving current matched somebody with somebody, realizes the functions such as Current amplifier, load protection, isolation.Control signal enters reversal valve.If control signal
For logic 1, then reversal valve sets up the gas circuit of the corresponding side gas outlet from air inlet to first throttle valve.If control signal is
Logical zero, then reversal valve set up from air inlet to second throttle corresponding side gas outlet gas circuit.The airflow passes of gas outlet
Choke valve, flow and flow velocity are further controlled.The principle of regulation and control is：Due to loss of the air-flow in the gas circuit of both sides it is not complete
It is exactly the same, by controlling choke valve, the symmetry of both sides gas circuit output gas flow is kept, to realize the bidirectional rotary without cumulative error
Turn.This parameter is also required to be debugged according to measurement requirement and practical situation manually.The gas for flowing through choke valve will be into rotation
Rotary device.In rotary apparatuss, pedestal is used for the fixation of whole device and shielding system and externally measured environment；Ball bearing is used
Transmit in radial support and power, cylinder is used to fix optics forceful electric power field sensor；It is lined between cylinder and nylon ball bearing
Sleeve pipe, to strengthen coordinating, improves transmission efficiency；Blade has two groups, is inserted in cylinder by the slot of cylinder both sides；Accordingly
It are furnished with two groups of valves, valve is fixedly connected with pedestal, and the air-flow for flowing through choke valve is introduced in rotary apparatuss.
Under nominal situation, according to the rule of control signal, air-flow is in turn passed through from the valve of left and right, blade is produced suitable
Hour hands or torque counterclockwise, blade drive sleeve rotating, four rib solid glues be fixed in sleeve based on the integrated of common path interference
Electric field passes sensor and also rotates with.
The input and output of electric-field sensor are drawn by the bilateral of cylinder by conducting optical fiber, and side is by being input into polarization maintaining optical fibre
Beam of laser is received, side exports the optical signal through Electric Field Modulated.Inside electric-field sensor, the laser of lasing light emitter outgoing,
After the polarizer, the line polarized light that polarization direction is 45 degree of angles is formed, the electric vector direction of light represents its dominant polarization direction.
Electric vector relative to crystal fast and slow axis, can Orthogonal Decomposition be mutually perpendicular to for both direction, the approximately equalised component of vibration amplitude.Cause
This is believed that incident ray polarized light is broken down into two beams in crystal along crystal fast axle and the linearly polarized light component of slow axis, along straight ripple
Lead the Y-axis propagation in lithium columbate crystal.Antenna induction Z-direction electric field signal to be measured in sensor, produces a potential difference, should
Potential difference changes the refractive index of lithium columbate crystal fast axle and slow axis, so as to change along fast axle by the modulator electrode on sensor
The phase place of two polarized components propagated with slow axis, the fast axle of polarization maintaining optical fibre are coupled in straight wave guide with crystal fast axle into 45 degree of angles
Exit end, will be passed through in detector with the optical signal of electric field information.Detector receives the light after interfering by polarization maintaining optical fibre
Optical power signals are converted into voltage signal by signal.
In roller rotating process, the electric field that sensor is experienced is that, with speed as frequency, DC component is amplitude
Alternating electric field.By the measurement to alternating voltage amplitude, the measured value of alternating electric field field intensity amplitude can be obtained, is finally given
The field strength measurement value of extraneous DC electric field.
In one embodiment of measuring system of the present invention, the solenoid directional control valve for using, by Shanghai Xin Yi Air Movement Technologies Inc
Production, product type are QVT307 series 24VDC two-bit triplet electromagnetic valves.The electric-field sensor for using is based on common path interference
Integrated optics is strong, and granted patent number is 201210348311.8, is manufactured by Tsing-Hua University.The detector for using is public by Agilent
Department's production, product type are 11982A LIGHTWAVE CONVERTER), the shell material for using adopts politef.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of optical measuring system for DC electric field field strength measurement, it is characterised in that the optical measuring system includes signal
Drive circuit, solenoid directional control valve, first throttle valve, second throttle, alternating current power supply, electric air pump, lasing light emitter, rotary apparatuss,
Electric-field sensor and detector；Described signal drive circuit include DC source, control signal generator, resistance R1, R2 and
R3, amplifying triode Q1 and audion Q2 is followed, control signal generator, amplifying triode Q1 are connected with output common ground, electricity
One end of resistance R1 is connected with the outfan of control signal generator, the other end of resistance R1 and the base stage phase of amplifying triode Q1
Even, the emitter stage of amplifying triode Q1 is connected to the ground, the colelctor electrode of amplifying triode Q1 one end and resistance simultaneously with resistance R2
One end of R3 is connected, and the other end of resistance R2 is connected with DC source, the other end of resistance R3 with follow audion Q2 base stage phases
Even, follow the colelctor electrode of audion Q2 to be connected with DC source, follow audion Q2 emitter stages to be connected with output, follow audion
The output voltage of Q2 is to follow voltage between audion Q2 colelctor electrodes and ground；Described alternating current power supply passes through wire and described electricity
Take offence pump input be connected, the outfan of electric air pump is connected with the inlet end of solenoid directional control valve by gas pipeline, electromagnetism
Two outlet sides of reversal valve are connected with the inlet end of the inlet end and second throttle of first throttle valve respectively；Described laser
Source is connected with the signal input part of described electric-field sensor by polarization maintaining optical fibre, and the signal output part of electric-field sensor is by protecting
Polarisation is fine to be connected with described detector；The outlet side of described first throttle valve and the outlet side of second throttle respectively with rotation
Left air inlet on rotary device outer wall is connected with right air inlet；Described rotary apparatuss by two ball bearings, sleeve pipe, cylinder and
Multiple blades composition, two described ball bearings are placed on the bearing block at rotary apparatuss pedestal two ends, described ball bearing,
Sleeve pipe and cylinder are co-axially mounted successively from outside to inside, and described electric-field sensor is placed in cylinder；Described multiple blades are divided into
Two groups, two groups of blades are uniformly distributed along the circumference respectively and are fixed on the both sides of cylinder.
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| CN201410830714.5A CN104502733B (en) | 2014-12-26 | 2014-12-26 | A kind of optical measuring system for DC electric field field strength measurement |
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| CN201410830714.5A CN104502733B (en) | 2014-12-26 | 2014-12-26 | A kind of optical measuring system for DC electric field field strength measurement |
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| CN104502733B true CN104502733B (en) | 2017-04-05 |
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| CN108693413B (en) * | 2018-04-25 | 2023-09-19 | 华北电力大学 | Rotary optical electric field sensor and electric field measuring method thereof |
| CN110456172A (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2019-11-15 | 清华大学 | Non-invasive E-field measuring system and method |
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