CN104502196A - Device and method for detecting hydrogen embrittlement sensibility in high-strength steel surface treatment process - Google Patents
Device and method for detecting hydrogen embrittlement sensibility in high-strength steel surface treatment process Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for detecting hydrogen embrittlement sensibility in a high-strength steel surface treatment process. The device comprises a high-strength steel hydrogen-charged test sample (3), an electrolyte tank (2) taking hydrochloric acid with concentration of 15-18% as an electrolyte (1), a stainless steel electrode (4), and a direct-current power supply (5) with adjustable voltage and time. The method comprises the following steps: charging hydrogen into the high-strength steel hydrogen-charged test sample by virtue of a hydrogen-charging device and by simulating a high-strength steel common surface treatment process, after the hydrogen-charging is completed, cleaning the high-strength steel hydrogen-charged test sample (3) and carrying out slow extension on the high-strength steel hydrogen-charged test sample (3) to test tensile strength and the maximum force, then carrying out fracture scanning morphology analysis on the high-strength steel hydrogen-charged test sample (3), and finally evaluating the hydrogen embrittlement sensibility of high-strength steel for the surface treatment process according to the analysis result. In which surface treatment process the high-strength steel is liable to generate hydrogen embrittlement can be judged, and in which surface treatment process the high-strength steel cannot be used or used with caution is determined, thus providing guidance for the high-strength steel surface treatment processes.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of detection method, relate to a kind of device and method detecting plow-steel process of surface treatment Hydrogen Embrittlement in particular, belong to Analysis of Metallic Materials technical field.
Background technology
Hydrogen embrittlement refers to acting in conjunction due to hydrogen and stress and causes metal material to produce the phenomenon of brittle fracture.Along with the development of metallurgical industry and the individual demand of all trades and professions are as vehicle lightweight, the rising of bridge bearing amount etc., plow-steel large-scale application is more and more general.In order to improve the military service phase of plow-steel, improve its antiseptic property, surface treatment must be carried out in plow-steel application process, as techniques such as pickling, phosphatization, plating, electrophoresis, especially electrophoresis, plate surface process, its technique generation chemical reaction while, also under the effect of electric field, make hydrogen force to contact with plow-steel surface, just very likely Hydrogen Brittleness Phenomena occurs; In order to avoid hydrogen embrittlement to cause plow-steel delayed fracture as far as possible, inquire into regard to needing to carry out simulation to the phenomenon that may produce hydrogen embrittlement in plow-steel surface treatment process, analyze, propose rational approach and avoid plow-steel generation hydrogen embrittlement to cause delayed fracture.But how to confirm which kind of process of surface treatment is easy to produce hydrogen embrittlement, cause the be delayed probability of fracture of high-strength steel larger, just need to carry out modeling effort.
Chinese invention patent Authorization Notice No.: CN 1995474B, authorized announcement date: November 17 in 2010, day, were called in the patent of invention of " detection method of a kind of plated metal securing member and electroplating technology and hydrogen embrittlement ", disclose a kind of hydrogen embrittlement detection method of plated metal securing member, the method is after having carried out part electroplating, then by the height free-falling of part from 1m, broken end does not just represent that hydrogen embrittlement is qualified, has broken end to be exactly that hydrogen embrittlement is defective.This kind of method advantage is simple to operate; But, but it is after electroplating steel, to plow-steel, whether hydrogen embrittlement occurs and detects qualitatively, can not provide guidance to the treatment process of plow-steel.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to easily produce Hydrogen Brittleness Phenomena for plow-steel surface treatment but do not provide the problems such as Hydrogen Embrittlement detection method to plow-steel process of surface treatment, a kind of device and method detecting plow-steel process of surface treatment Hydrogen Embrittlement is provided.
For achieving the above object, technical solution of the present invention is: a kind of device detecting plow-steel process of surface treatment Hydrogen Embrittlement, comprise plow-steel and fill hydrogen sample, also comprising with the hydrochloric acid of 15%-18% concentration is the electrolytic bath of electrolytic solution, stainless steel electrode and the direct supply of adjustable voltage and time, described plow-steel fills hydrogen sample and stainless steel electrode is placed in electrolytic bath respectively, negative electrode and the plow-steel of direct supply fill hydrogen sample and are connected, and the anode of direct supply is connected with stainless steel electrode.
The both shoulders of described plow-steel fills hydrogen sample to be diameter be 10mm stretch and fill hydrogen sample.
Detect a method for plow-steel process of surface treatment Hydrogen Embrittlement, comprise step below:
Step one, set up hydrogen aerator: be that electrolytic bath set up by electrolytic solution with the hydrochloric acid of 15%-18% concentration, plow-steel is processed into plow-steel and fills hydrogen sample, then plow-steel is filled hydrogen sample and stainless steel electrode is placed in electrolytic bath respectively, adjustable voltage is filled hydrogen sample respectively with the direct supply of time be connected with stainless steel electrode with plow-steel, plow-steel is filled, and hydrogen sample is connected with the negative electrode of direct supply, the anode of stainless steel electrode direct supply is connected, thus sets up hydrogen aerator;
Step 2, fill hydrogen: simulation plow-steel process of surface treatment, with the current density matched with plow-steel process of surface treatment, fill hydrogen mode, fill the hydrogen time, realize filling hydrogen sample to plow-steel and fill hydrogen;
Step 3, extension test: fill in step 2 after hydrogen, immediately plow-steel is filled hydrogen sample and take out cleaning, then hydrogen sample is filled to the plow-steel after cleaning and carry out its tensile strength of slow extension test, maximum, force, again Fracture scan morphology analysis is carried out to it, analyzing its fracture apperance is brittle failure or tough disconnected, and then the comprehensive correlativity analyzing various data, the Hydrogen Embrittlement of plow-steel effects on surface treatment process is finally evaluated according to analysis result.
Detect a method for plow-steel process of surface treatment Hydrogen Embrittlement, the plow-steel process of surface treatment in described step 2 comprises pickling, phosphatization, plating, electrophoresis process.
Detect a method for plow-steel process of surface treatment Hydrogen Embrittlement, in described acid cleaning process, current density is 0A/dm
2, filling hydrogen mode is that hydrogen is filled in immersion, and filling the hydrogen time is 3-60min.
Detect a method for plow-steel process of surface treatment Hydrogen Embrittlement, in described phosphating process, current density is 0A/dm
2, filling hydrogen mode is that hydrogen is filled in immersion, and filling the hydrogen time is 3-30min.
Detect a method for plow-steel process of surface treatment Hydrogen Embrittlement, in described electroplating technology, current density is 4-10A/dm
2, filling hydrogen mode is that hydrogen is filled in electrolysis, and filling the hydrogen time is 30-100min.
Detect a method for plow-steel process of surface treatment Hydrogen Embrittlement, in described electrophoresis process, current density is 0.05-1A/dm
2, filling hydrogen mode is that hydrogen is filled in electrolysis, and filling the hydrogen time is 3-10min.
Detect a method for plow-steel process of surface treatment Hydrogen Embrittlement, the slow stretching tensile strain rate in described step 3 is 5 × 10
-6s
-1-6 × 10
-6s
-1between.
A kind of method detecting plow-steel process of surface treatment Hydrogen Embrittlement, the correlativity of the various data of comprehensive analysis in described step 3, the Hydrogen Embrittlement of plow-steel effects on surface treatment process is finally evaluated according to analysis result, refer to the current density matched with plow-steel process of surface treatment, fill hydrogen mode, fill the hydrogen time as benchmark, the tensile strength of hydrogen sample is filled according to plow-steel after filling hydrogen, maximum, force and fracture apperance, the plow-steel that hydrogen is not filled in contrast fills hydrogen sample pulling strengrth, maximum, force and fracture apperance, thus evaluate the Hydrogen Embrittlement of plow-steel effects on surface treatment process, if current density is low, it is short to fill the hydrogen time, tensile strength, maximum, force diminishes, fracture apperance is brittle failure, be Hydrogen Embrittlement high, easy generation hydrogen embrittlement.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, the pick-up unit in the present invention comprises plow-steel and fills hydrogen sample, take the hydrochloric acid of 15%-18% concentration as the electrolytic bath of electrolytic solution, stainless steel electrode and the direct supply of adjustable voltage and time, described plow-steel fills hydrogen sample and stainless steel electrode is placed in electrolytic bath respectively, negative electrode and the plow-steel of direct supply fill hydrogen sample and are connected, and the anode of direct supply is connected with stainless steel electrode.Realize simulation plow-steel by this pick-up unit commonly use process of surface treatment thus the detection of plow-steel process of surface treatment Hydrogen Embrittlement can be realized, and then determine which kind of process of surface treatment and can not be used for this kind of plow-steel or be cautious use of in this kind of plow-steel, for plow-steel process of surface treatment provides guidance.
2, the detection method in the present invention, utilizes hydrogen aerator, commonly uses process of surface treatment by simulation plow-steel, with the current density matched with process of surface treatment, fills hydrogen mode, fills the hydrogen time, realize filling hydrogen sample to plow-steel and fill hydrogen; After filling hydrogen, take out cleaning immediately, and slow extension test tensile strength, maximum, force are carried out to it, then Fracture scan morphology analysis is carried out to it, and then the comprehensive correlativity analyzing various data, the Hydrogen Embrittlement of plow-steel effects on surface treatment process is finally evaluated according to analysis result.Can judge plow-steel causes delayed fracture at which kind of process of surface treatment, easily generation hydrogen embrittlement by the Hydrogen Embrittlement evaluating plow-steel effects on surface treatment process, for detected intensity steel surface treatment technique Hydrogen Embrittlement provides specifically detailed method, solve the problem plow-steel process of surface treatment not being provided to Hydrogen Embrittlement detection method in prior art, meet actual needs.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that in the present invention, hydrogen schematic diagram is filled in plow-steel electrolysis.
Fig. 2 is that the plow-steel that in the present invention, both shoulders stretch fills hydrogen sample structure schematic diagram.
In figure, electrolytic solution 1, electrolytic bath 2, plow-steel fills hydrogen sample 3, stainless steel electrode 4, direct supply 5.
Embodiment
Illustrate that the present invention is described in further detail with embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
See Fig. 1, detect a device for plow-steel process of surface treatment Hydrogen Embrittlement, comprising that plow-steel fills hydrogen sample 3, comprises with the hydrochloric acid of 15%-18% concentration is the electrolytic bath 2 of electrolytic solution 1, stainless steel electrode 4 and the direct supply of adjustable voltage and time 5.Described plow-steel fills hydrogen sample 3 and stainless steel electrode 4 is placed in electrolytic bath 2 respectively, and negative electrode and the plow-steel of direct supply 5 fill hydrogen sample 3 and be connected, and the anode of direct supply 5 is connected with stainless steel electrode 4.Plow-steel is herein commonly referred to as the steel that intensity is greater than 1000MPa, and the kind of plow-steel has 42CrMo, 10B21Cr etc.
See Fig. 2, described plow-steel fill hydrogen sample 3 for diameter be 10mm both shoulders stretch fill hydrogen sample; But be not limited to this size.
Detect a method for plow-steel process of surface treatment Hydrogen Embrittlement, comprise step below:
Step one, set up hydrogen aerator: be that electrolytic bath 2 set up by electrolytic solution 1 with the hydrochloric acid of 15%-18% concentration, plow-steel is processed into plow-steel and fills hydrogen sample 3, then plow-steel is filled hydrogen sample 3 and stainless steel electrode 4 is placed in electrolytic bath 2 respectively; Adjustable voltage is filled hydrogen sample 3 respectively with the direct supply 5 of time be connected with stainless steel electrode 4 with plow-steel, plow-steel is filled, and hydrogen sample 3 is connected with the negative electrode of direct supply 5, the anode of stainless steel electrode 4 direct supply 5 is connected, thus sets up hydrogen aerator.
Step 2, fill hydrogen: simulation plow-steel process of surface treatment, with the current density matched with plow-steel process of surface treatment, fill hydrogen mode, fill the hydrogen time, realize filling hydrogen sample 3 to plow-steel and fill hydrogen.Current density described herein is filled hydrogen sample 3 surface area size according to plow-steel and is controlled by regulating direct supply 5 voltage.
Step 3, extension test: fill in step 2 after hydrogen, immediately plow-steel is filled hydrogen sample 3 and take out cleaning, then hydrogen sample 3 is filled to the plow-steel after cleaning and carry out its tensile strength of slow extension test, maximum, force, again Fracture scan morphology analysis is carried out to it, analyzing its fracture apperance is brittle failure or tough disconnected, and then the comprehensive correlativity analyzing various data, the Hydrogen Embrittlement of plow-steel effects on surface treatment process is finally evaluated according to analysis result.Fracture apperance is herein that brittle failure refers to fracture source region Microscopic for along brilliant feature, and fracture apperance is that tough disconnected to refer to fracture source region Microscopic be a large amount of dimple features.
Described hydrogen mode of filling comprises immersion and electrolysis, adopts immersion to fill hydrogen mode in pickling and phosphorization treatment process, adopts electrolysis to fill hydrogen mode in plating and electrophoretic process technique; Soak and fill hydrogen methods and refer to plow-steel and fill hydrogen sample 3 and be immersed in the hydrochloric acid solution of 15%-18% concentration, electrolysis is filled hydrogen mode and is referred to plow-steel and fill hydrogen sample 3 and be immersed in the hydrochloric acid solution of 15%-18% concentration, adopt constant-current electrolysis mode to fill hydrogen.Fill the hydrogen time usually between 0.05 – 10h, but be not limited to this time; Current density is usually at 0 – 10A/dm
2between, but be not limited to this numerical value.
Plow-steel process of surface treatment in described step 2 comprises pickling, phosphatization, plating, electrophoresis process, its concrete current density, fill hydrogen mode, to fill the hydrogen time as follows: in described acid cleaning process, selection current density is 0A/dm
2,, to fill hydrogen mode be that immersion fills hydrogen, fills the hydrogen time is 3-60min; In described phosphating process, current density is 0A/dm
2, filling hydrogen mode is that hydrogen is filled in immersion, and filling the hydrogen time is 3-30min; In described electroplating technology, current density is 4-10A/dm
2, filling hydrogen mode is that hydrogen is filled in electrolysis, and filling the hydrogen time is 30-100min; In described electrophoresis process, current density is 0.05-1A/dm
2, filling hydrogen mode is that hydrogen is filled in electrolysis, and filling the hydrogen time is 3-10min.
Slow stretching tensile strain rate in described step 3 is 5 × 10
-6s
-1-6 × 10
-6s
-1between.
The correlativity of the various data of comprehensive analysis in described step 3, the Hydrogen Embrittlement of plow-steel effects on surface treatment process is finally evaluated according to analysis result, refer to the current density matched with plow-steel process of surface treatment, fill hydrogen mode, fill the hydrogen time as benchmark, the tensile strength of hydrogen sample 3 is filled according to plow-steel after filling hydrogen, maximum, force and fracture apperance, the plow-steel that hydrogen is not filled in contrast fills hydrogen sample 3 pulling strengrth, maximum, force and fracture apperance, thus evaluate the Hydrogen Embrittlement of plow-steel effects on surface treatment process, if current density is low, it is short to fill the hydrogen time, tensile strength, maximum, force diminishes, fracture apperance is brittle failure, be Hydrogen Embrittlement high, easy generation hydrogen embrittlement.
Plow-steel 42CrMo can adopt electrophoresis process, is cautious use of acid cleaning process, can not adopt electroplating technology.Plow-steel 10B21Cr can adopt pickling, phosphatization and electrophoresis process; It can adopt electroplating technology, but should be cautious use of.See specific embodiment below:
Embodiment 1
Plow-steel 42CrMo being processed into diameter is that the both shoulders stretching plow-steel of 10mm fills hydrogen sample 3, this 42CrMo plow-steel fill hydrogen sample 3 do not carry out filling hydrogen before tensile strength be 1753MPa, maximum, force is 137.6KN.Take stainless steel as electrode 4, plow-steel is filled hydrogen sample 3 and stainless steel electrode 4 electrolytic bath 2 that to be placed in the hydrochloric acid of 15% concentration be respectively electrolytic solution 1, adjustable voltage is filled hydrogen sample 3 respectively with the direct supply 5 of time be connected with stainless steel electrode 4 with plow-steel, plow-steel is filled, and hydrogen sample 3 is negative electrode, stainless steel electrode 4 is anode, sets up hydrogen aerator.Simulation plow-steel surface-treated electroplating technology, adopt electrolysis mode to fill hydrogen, current density is about 10A/dm
2, filling the hydrogen time is 6h; After filling hydrogen, carry out slow extension test to it after taking out cleaning immediately, during stretching, strain rate is 6 × 10
-6s
-1, it is 377MPa that experiment records tensile strength, and maximum, force is 37.20KN, carries out scanning analysis to stretching fracture, and fracture source region microscopic feature is along brilliant feature, and fracture is typical hydrogen embrittlement, and the depth capacity along brilliant feature is 2.45mm.
Embodiment 2
Plow-steel 42CrMo being processed into diameter is that the both shoulders stretching plow-steel of 10mm fills hydrogen sample 3, this 42CrMo plow-steel fill hydrogen sample 3 do not carry out filling hydrogen before tensile strength be 1753MPa, maximum, force is 137.6KN.Take stainless steel as electrode 4, plow-steel is filled hydrogen sample 3 and stainless steel electrode 4 electrolytic bath 2 that to be placed in the hydrochloric acid of 15% concentration be respectively electrolytic solution 1, adjustable voltage is filled hydrogen sample 3 respectively with the direct supply 5 of time be connected with stainless steel electrode 4 with plow-steel, plow-steel is filled, and hydrogen sample 3 is negative electrode, stainless steel electrode 4 is anode, sets up hydrogen aerator.Simulation plow-steel surface-treated electroplating technology, adopt electrolysis mode to fill hydrogen, current density is about 6A/dm
2, filling the hydrogen time is 1.5h; After filling hydrogen, carry out slow extension test to it after taking out cleaning immediately, during stretching, strain rate is 6 × 10
-6s
-1, it is 543MPa that experiment records tensile strength, and maximum, force is 66.63KN, carries out scanning analysis to stretching fracture, and fracture source region microscopic feature is along brilliant feature, and fracture is typical hydrogen embrittlement, and the depth capacity along brilliant feature is 1.67mm.
Embodiment 3
Plow-steel 42CrMo being processed into diameter is that the both shoulders stretching plow-steel of 10mm fills hydrogen sample 3, this 42CrMo plow-steel fill hydrogen sample 3 do not carry out filling hydrogen before tensile strength be 1753MPa, maximum, force is 137.6KN.Take stainless steel as electrode 4, plow-steel is filled hydrogen sample 3 and stainless steel electrode 4 electrolytic bath 2 that to be placed in the hydrochloric acid of 15% concentration be respectively electrolytic solution 1, adjustable voltage is filled hydrogen sample 3 respectively with the direct supply 5 of time be connected with stainless steel electrode 4 with plow-steel, plow-steel is filled, and hydrogen sample 3 is negative electrode, stainless steel electrode 4 is anode, sets up hydrogen aerator.Simulation plow-steel surface-treated electroplating technology, adopt electrolysis mode to fill hydrogen, current density is about 6A/dm
2, filling the hydrogen time is 0.5h; After filling hydrogen, carry out slow extension test to it after taking out cleaning immediately, during stretching, strain rate is 6 × 10
-6s
-1, it is 499MPa that experiment records tensile strength, and maximum, force is 61.29KN, carries out scanning analysis to stretching fracture, and fracture source region microscopic feature is along brilliant feature, and fracture is typical hydrogen embrittlement, and the depth capacity along brilliant feature is 1.24mm.
Embodiment 4
Plow-steel 10B21Cr being processed into diameter is that the both shoulders stretching plow-steel of 10mm fills hydrogen sample 3, this 10B21Cr plow-steel fill hydrogen sample 3 do not carry out filling hydrogen before tensile strength be 1185MPa, maximum, force is 93.10KN.Take stainless steel as electrode 4, plow-steel is filled hydrogen sample 3 and stainless steel electrode 4 electrolytic bath 2 that to be placed in the hydrochloric acid of 15% concentration be respectively electrolytic solution 1, adjustable voltage is filled hydrogen sample 3 respectively with the direct supply 5 of time be connected with stainless steel electrode 4 with plow-steel, plow-steel is filled, and hydrogen sample 3 is negative electrode, stainless steel electrode 4 is anode, sets up hydrogen aerator.Simulation plow-steel surface-treated electroplating technology, adopt electrolysis mode to fill hydrogen, current density is about 6A/dm
2, filling the hydrogen time is 6h; After filling hydrogen, carry out slow extension test to it after taking out cleaning immediately, during stretching, strain rate is 5 × 10
-6s
-1, it is 556MPa that experiment records tensile strength, and maximum, force is 68.2KN, carries out scanning analysis to stretching fracture, and fracture source region microscopic feature is along brilliant feature, and fracture is hydrogen embrittlement, also can see a little dimple in addition.
Embodiment 5
Plow-steel 10B21Cr being processed into diameter is that the both shoulders stretching plow-steel of 10mm fills hydrogen sample 3, this 10B21Cr plow-steel fill hydrogen sample 3 do not carry out filling hydrogen before tensile strength be 1185MPa, maximum, force is 93.10KN.Take stainless steel as electrode 4, plow-steel is filled hydrogen sample 3 and stainless steel electrode 4 electrolytic bath 2 that to be placed in the hydrochloric acid of 15% concentration be respectively electrolytic solution 1, adjustable voltage is filled hydrogen sample 3 respectively with the direct supply 5 of time be connected with stainless steel electrode 4 with plow-steel, plow-steel is filled, and hydrogen sample 3 is negative electrode, stainless steel electrode 4 is anode, sets up hydrogen aerator.Simulation plow-steel surface-treated electroplating technology, adopt electrolysis mode to fill hydrogen, current density is about 6A/dm
2, filling the hydrogen time is 1.5h; After filling hydrogen, carry out slow extension test to it after taking out cleaning immediately, during stretching, strain rate is 5 × 10
-6s
-1, it is 1186MPa that experiment records tensile strength, and maximum, force is 93.18KN, carries out scanning analysis to stretching fracture, and fracture source region microscopic feature is a large amount of dimple of distribution, and fracture is typical ductile rupture.
Embodiment 6
Plow-steel 42CrMo being processed into diameter is that the both shoulders stretching plow-steel of 10mm fills hydrogen sample 3, this 42CrMo plow-steel fill hydrogen sample 3 do not carry out filling hydrogen before tensile strength be 1753MPa, maximum, force is 137.6KN.Take stainless steel as electrode 4, plow-steel is filled hydrogen sample 3 and stainless steel electrode 4 electrolytic bath 2 that to be placed in the hydrochloric acid of 15% concentration be respectively electrolytic solution 1, adjustable voltage is filled hydrogen sample 3 respectively with the direct supply 5 of time be connected with stainless steel electrode 4 with plow-steel, plow-steel is filled, and hydrogen sample 3 is negative electrode, stainless steel electrode 4 is anode, sets up hydrogen aerator.Simulation plow-steel surface-treated acid cleaning process, adopt immersion way to fill hydrogen, current density is about 0A/dm
2, filling the hydrogen time is 6h; After filling hydrogen, carry out slow extension test to it after taking out cleaning immediately, during stretching, strain rate is 6 × 10
-6s
-1, it is 428MPa that experiment records tensile strength, and maximum, force is 52.5KN, carries out scanning analysis to stretching fracture, and fracture source region microscopic feature is along brilliant feature, and fracture is typical hydrogen embrittlement.
Embodiment 7
Plow-steel 42CrMo being processed into diameter is that the both shoulders stretching plow-steel of 10mm fills hydrogen sample 3, this 42CrMo plow-steel fill hydrogen sample 3 do not carry out filling hydrogen before tensile strength be 1753MPa, maximum, force is 137.6KN.Take stainless steel as electrode 4, plow-steel is filled hydrogen sample 3 and stainless steel electrode 4 electrolytic bath 2 that to be placed in the hydrochloric acid of 15% concentration be respectively electrolytic solution 1, adjustable voltage is filled hydrogen sample 3 respectively with the direct supply 5 of time be connected with stainless steel electrode 4 with plow-steel, plow-steel is filled, and hydrogen sample 3 is negative electrode, stainless steel electrode 4 is anode, sets up hydrogen aerator.Simulation plow-steel surface-treated acid cleaning process, adopt immersion way to fill hydrogen, current density is about 0A/dm
2, filling the hydrogen time is 1.5h; After filling hydrogen, carry out slow extension test to it after taking out cleaning immediately, during stretching, strain rate is 6 × 10
-6s
-1, it is 967MPa that experiment records tensile strength, and maximum, force is 75.96KN, carries out scanning analysis to stretching fracture, and fracture source region microscopic feature is along brilliant feature, and fracture is typical hydrogen embrittlement.
Embodiment 8
Plow-steel 10B21Cr being processed into diameter is that the both shoulders stretching plow-steel of 10mm fills hydrogen sample 3, this 10B21Cr plow-steel fill hydrogen sample 3 do not carry out filling hydrogen before tensile strength be 1185MPa, maximum, force is 93.10KN.Take stainless steel as electrode 4, plow-steel is filled hydrogen sample 3 and stainless steel electrode 4 electrolytic bath 2 that to be placed in the hydrochloric acid of 15% concentration be respectively electrolytic solution 1, adjustable voltage is filled hydrogen sample 3 respectively with the direct supply 5 of time be connected with stainless steel electrode 4 with plow-steel, plow-steel is filled, and hydrogen sample 3 is negative electrode, stainless steel electrode 4 is anode, sets up hydrogen aerator.Simulation plow-steel surface-treated acid cleaning process, adopt immersion way to fill hydrogen, current density is about 0A/dm
2, filling the hydrogen time is 5h; After filling hydrogen, carry out slow extension test to it after taking out cleaning immediately, during stretching, strain rate is 5 × 10
-6s
-1, it is 1182MPa that experiment records tensile strength, and maximum, force is 92.83KN, carries out scanning analysis to stretching fracture, and fracture source region microscopic feature is a large amount of dimple of distribution, and fracture is typical ductile rupture.
Embodiment 9
Plow-steel 42CrMo being processed into diameter is that the both shoulders stretching plow-steel of 10mm fills hydrogen sample 3, this 42CrMo plow-steel fill hydrogen sample 3 do not carry out filling hydrogen before tensile strength be 1753MPa, maximum, force is 137.6KN.Take stainless steel as electrode 4, plow-steel is filled hydrogen sample 3 and stainless steel electrode 4 electrolytic bath 2 that to be placed in the hydrochloric acid of 15% concentration be respectively electrolytic solution 1, adjustable voltage is filled hydrogen sample 3 respectively with the direct supply 5 of time be connected with stainless steel electrode 4 with plow-steel, plow-steel is filled, and hydrogen sample 3 is negative electrode, stainless steel electrode 4 is anode, sets up hydrogen aerator.Simulation plow-steel surface-treated electrophoresis process, adopt electrolysis mode to fill hydrogen, current density is about 1A/dm
2, filling the hydrogen time is 0.15h; After filling hydrogen, carry out slow extension test to it after taking out cleaning immediately, during stretching, strain rate is 6 × 10
-6s
-1, it is 1706MPa that experiment records tensile strength, and maximum, force is 133.99KN, carries out scanning analysis to stretching fracture, and fracture source region microscopic feature is dimple, and fracture is ductile rupture.
Above content is in conjunction with concrete preferred implementation further description made for the present invention, can not assert that specific embodiment of the invention is confined to these explanations.For general technical staff of the technical field of the invention, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some simple deduction or replace, said structure all should be considered as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. one kind is detected the device of plow-steel process of surface treatment Hydrogen Embrittlement, comprise plow-steel and fill hydrogen sample (3), it is characterized in that: also comprising with the hydrochloric acid of 15%-18% concentration is the electrolytic bath (2) of electrolytic solution (1), the direct supply (5) of stainless steel electrode (4) and adjustable voltage and time, described plow-steel fills hydrogen sample (3) and stainless steel electrode (4) is placed in electrolytic bath (2) respectively, negative electrode and the plow-steel of direct supply (5) fill hydrogen sample (3) and are connected, the anode of direct supply (5) is connected with stainless steel electrode (4).
2. a kind of device detecting plow-steel process of surface treatment Hydrogen Embrittlement according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described plow-steel fill hydrogen sample (3) for diameter be 10mm both shoulders stretch fill hydrogen sample.
3. a kind of method detecting plow-steel process of surface treatment Hydrogen Embrittlement according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprise step below:
Step one, set up hydrogen aerator: be that electrolytic bath (2) set up by electrolytic solution (1) with the hydrochloric acid of 15%-18% concentration, plow-steel is processed into plow-steel and fills hydrogen sample (3), then plow-steel is filled hydrogen sample (3) and stainless steel electrode (4) is placed in electrolytic bath (2) respectively, adjustable voltage is filled hydrogen sample (3) respectively with the direct supply (5) of time be connected with stainless steel electrode (4) with plow-steel, make plow-steel fill hydrogen sample (3) to be connected with the negative electrode of direct supply (5), the anode of stainless steel electrode (4) direct supply (5) is connected, thus set up hydrogen aerator,
Step 2, fill hydrogen: simulation plow-steel process of surface treatment, with the current density matched with plow-steel process of surface treatment, fill hydrogen mode, fill the hydrogen time, realize filling hydrogen sample (3) to plow-steel and fill hydrogen;
Step 3, extension test: fill in step 2 after hydrogen, immediately plow-steel is filled hydrogen sample (3) and take out cleaning, then hydrogen sample (3) is filled to the plow-steel after cleaning and carry out its tensile strength of slow extension test, maximum, force, again Fracture scan morphology analysis is carried out to it, analyzing its fracture apperance is brittle failure or tough disconnected, and then the comprehensive correlativity analyzing various data, the Hydrogen Embrittlement of plow-steel effects on surface treatment process is finally evaluated according to analysis result.
4. a kind of method detecting plow-steel process of surface treatment Hydrogen Embrittlement according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the plow-steel process of surface treatment in described step 2 comprises pickling, phosphatization, plating, electrophoresis process.
5. a kind of method detecting plow-steel process of surface treatment Hydrogen Embrittlement according to claim 3, is characterized in that: in described acid cleaning process, and current density is 0A/dm
2, filling hydrogen mode is that hydrogen is filled in immersion, and filling the hydrogen time is 3-60min.
6. a kind of method detecting plow-steel process of surface treatment Hydrogen Embrittlement according to claim 3, is characterized in that: in described phosphating process, and current density is 0A/dm
2, filling hydrogen mode is that hydrogen is filled in immersion, and filling the hydrogen time is 3-30min.
7. a kind of method detecting plow-steel process of surface treatment Hydrogen Embrittlement according to claim 3, is characterized in that: in described electroplating technology, and current density is 4-10A/dm
2, filling hydrogen mode is that hydrogen is filled in electrolysis, and filling the hydrogen time is 30-100min.
8. a kind of method detecting plow-steel process of surface treatment Hydrogen Embrittlement according to claim 3, is characterized in that: in described electrophoresis process, and current density is 0.05-1A/dm
2, filling hydrogen mode is that hydrogen is filled in electrolysis, and filling the hydrogen time is 3-10min.
9. a kind of method detecting plow-steel process of surface treatment Hydrogen Embrittlement according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the slow stretching tensile strain rate in described step 3 is 5 × 10
-6s
-1-6 × 10
-6s
-1between.
10. a kind of method detecting plow-steel process of surface treatment Hydrogen Embrittlement according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the correlativity of the various data of comprehensive analysis in described step 3, the Hydrogen Embrittlement of plow-steel effects on surface treatment process is finally evaluated according to analysis result, refer to the current density matched with plow-steel process of surface treatment, fill hydrogen mode, fill the hydrogen time as benchmark, the tensile strength of hydrogen sample (3) is filled according to plow-steel after filling hydrogen, maximum, force and fracture apperance, the plow-steel that hydrogen is not filled in contrast fills hydrogen sample (3) pulling strengrth, maximum, force and fracture apperance, thus evaluate the Hydrogen Embrittlement of plow-steel effects on surface treatment process, if current density is low, it is short to fill the hydrogen time, tensile strength, maximum, force diminishes, fracture apperance is brittle failure, be Hydrogen Embrittlement high, easy generation hydrogen embrittlement.
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| CN112945660A (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2021-06-11 | 江阴兴澄特种钢铁有限公司 | Test method for detecting hydrogen embrittlement sensitivity of steel |
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