CN104494693A - Mechanical hydraulic power-assisted steering adaptive energy-saving device - Google Patents
Mechanical hydraulic power-assisted steering adaptive energy-saving device Download PDFInfo
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- CN104494693A CN104494693A CN201410777823.5A CN201410777823A CN104494693A CN 104494693 A CN104494693 A CN 104494693A CN 201410777823 A CN201410777823 A CN 201410777823A CN 104494693 A CN104494693 A CN 104494693A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D5/00—Power-assisted or power-driven steering
- B62D5/06—Power-assisted or power-driven steering fluid, i.e. using a pressurised fluid for most or all the force required for steering a vehicle
- B62D5/18—Power-assisted or power-driven steering fluid, i.e. using a pressurised fluid for most or all the force required for steering a vehicle characterised by power transmitting means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D6/00—Arrangements for automatically controlling steering depending on driving conditions sensed and responded to, e.g. control circuits
- B62D6/02—Arrangements for automatically controlling steering depending on driving conditions sensed and responded to, e.g. control circuits responsive only to vehicle speed
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Abstract
一种机械液压助力转向自适应节能装置，能够自适应改变助力转向泵的转速。本发明的变速部分，其行星齿轮变速器包括太阳轮、行星轮及双面齿圈，太阳轮中心连接输入轴，行星轮位于太阳轮与双面齿圈之间，且行星轮与太阳轮、双面齿圈内圈相啮合；伺服电机的电机轴上安装有电机齿轮，电机齿轮与双面齿圈外圈相啮合；助力输出部分的离合器输入端通过行星架与行星轮相连，离合器输出端连接输出轴，助力转向泵通过输出轴与离合器输出端相连；电控部分的电子控制单元ECU的信号输入端分别与车速传感器和转速传感器相连，电子控制单元ECU的信号输出端分别与电机驱动器及离合器的信号输入端相连，电机驱动器的信号输出端与伺服电机的控制端相连。
An adaptive energy-saving device for mechanical hydraulic power steering, capable of adaptively changing the rotational speed of a power steering pump. In the speed change part of the present invention, its planetary gear transmission includes a sun gear, a planetary gear and a double-sided ring gear, the center of the sun gear is connected to the input shaft, the planetary gear is located between the sun gear and the double-sided gear The inner ring of the face gear is meshed; the motor shaft of the servo motor is equipped with a motor gear, and the motor gear is meshed with the outer ring of the double-sided ring gear; the clutch input end of the power output part is connected to the planetary wheel through the planet carrier, and the output end of the clutch is connected to the planetary gear. The output shaft and the power steering pump are connected to the output end of the clutch through the output shaft; the signal input ends of the electronic control unit ECU of the electronic control part are respectively connected to the vehicle speed sensor and the rotational speed sensor, and the signal output ends of the electronic control unit ECU are respectively connected to the motor driver and the clutch The signal input terminal of the motor driver is connected with the signal output terminal of the motor driver and the control terminal of the servo motor.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于汽车节能技术领域，特别是涉及一种机械液压助力转向自适应节能装置，能够自适应改变助力转向泵的转速。The invention belongs to the technical field of automobile energy saving, and in particular relates to a mechanical hydraulic power steering self-adaptive energy-saving device, which can adaptively change the rotational speed of a power steering pump.
背景技术Background technique
汽车的转向系统是保证汽车行驶安全的关键部件，是驾驶员操纵汽车的执行机构，通过助力转向协助驾驶员调整汽车方向，可以减轻驾驶员打方向盘的力度。The steering system of the car is the key component to ensure the safety of the car. It is the executive mechanism for the driver to control the car. The power steering assists the driver to adjust the direction of the car, which can reduce the driver's steering wheel.
汽车上最先使用的是液压助力转向，随着电控技术的发展，可变助力转向也越来越多的应用，目前，可变助力转向大致分为四种：电子可变量孔助力转向、旁通式助力转向、电动液压助力转向及电动助力转向。电子可变量孔助力转向是通过调整孔的通流截面大小来改变转向器内的油压，旁通式助力转向是通过分流一部分液压油来改变助力大小。但是，电子可变量孔助力转向和旁通式助力转向在本质上是无法改变助力转向泵的转速的，因此节能效果不佳；而电动液压助力转向和电动助力转向由于依靠电动机提供动力，所提供的转向助力有限，因此并不适用于大型车辆。Hydraulic power steering is the first to be used in automobiles. With the development of electronic control technology, variable power steering is also used more and more. At present, variable power steering is roughly divided into four types: electronic variable variable hole power steering, Bypass power steering, electrohydraulic power steering and electric power steering. The electronic variable orifice power steering changes the oil pressure in the steering gear by adjusting the size of the flow section of the hole, and the bypass power steering changes the power assist by diverting a part of the hydraulic oil. However, electronic variable orifice power steering and bypass power steering are essentially unable to change the speed of the power steering pump, so the energy saving effect is not good; has limited power steering and is therefore not suitable for use in larger vehicles.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对现有技术存在的问题，本发明提供一种机械液压助力转向自适应节能装置，能够根据车辆实际所需转向助力的大小，自适应改变助力转向泵的转速。Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an adaptive energy-saving device for mechanical hydraulic power steering, which can adaptively change the rotational speed of the power steering pump according to the amount of steering power actually required by the vehicle.
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：一种机械液压助力转向自适应节能装置，包括变速部分、助力输出部分及电控部分；In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: a mechanical hydraulic power steering self-adaptive energy-saving device, including a speed change part, a power output part and an electric control part;
所述变速部分包括行星齿轮变速器和伺服电机，所述行星齿轮变速器包括太阳轮、行星轮及双面齿圈，所述太阳轮中心连接有输入轴，行星轮位于太阳轮与双面齿圈之间，且行星轮与太阳轮、双面齿圈内圈相啮合；在所述伺服电机的电机轴上安装有电机齿轮，电机齿轮与双面齿圈外圈相啮合；The speed change part includes a planetary gear transmission and a servo motor. The planetary gear transmission includes a sun gear, a planetary gear and a double-sided ring gear. The center of the sun gear is connected to an input shaft, and the planetary gear is located between the sun gear and the double-sided ring gear. Between, and the planetary gear meshes with the sun gear and the inner ring of the double-sided ring gear; a motor gear is installed on the motor shaft of the servo motor, and the motor gear meshes with the outer ring of the double-sided ring gear;
所述助力输出部分包括离合器及助力转向泵，所述离合器输入端通过行星架与行星轮相连，离合器输出端连接有输出轴，所述助力转向泵通过输出轴与离合器输出端相连；The power output part includes a clutch and a power steering pump, the input end of the clutch is connected to the planetary wheel through the planet carrier, the output end of the clutch is connected to an output shaft, and the power steering pump is connected to the output end of the clutch through the output shaft;
所述电控部分包括电子控制单元ECU、车速传感器、转速传感器及电机驱动器，所述电子控制单元ECU的信号输入端分别与车速传感器和转速传感器相连，电子控制单元ECU的信号输出端分别与电机驱动器及离合器的信号输入端相连，所述电机驱动器的信号输出端与伺服电机的控制端相连。The electronic control part includes an electronic control unit ECU, a vehicle speed sensor, a rotational speed sensor and a motor driver. The signal input terminals of the electronic control unit ECU are respectively connected with the vehicle speed sensor and the rotational speed sensor, and the signal output terminals of the electronic control unit ECU are respectively connected with the motor. The signal input end of the driver is connected with the clutch, and the signal output end of the motor driver is connected with the control end of the servo motor.
所述行星轮数量为三个，且三个行星轮均布设置。The number of the planetary wheels is three, and the three planetary wheels are evenly distributed.
在所述输入轴上安装有带轮，带轮通过皮带与汽车发动机曲轴相连。A pulley is installed on the input shaft, and the pulley is connected with the crankshaft of the automobile engine through a belt.
所述电机驱动器通过车载蓄电池供电。The motor driver is powered by the vehicle battery.
本发明的有益效果：Beneficial effects of the present invention:
本发明与现有技术相比，充分考虑了助力转向的能耗问题，通过控制伺服电机的转速和转向，实现控制行星齿轮变速器的转速输出，进而实现对助力转向泵的转速控制；本发明能够根据不同车速自适应调整助力转向泵的转速，进而保证车辆在任何车速下都能够得到合适的转向助力，在保障转向可靠性的同时，降低了助力转向的能耗。Compared with the prior art, the present invention fully considers the energy consumption problem of the power steering, realizes controlling the speed output of the planetary gear transmission by controlling the speed and steering of the servo motor, and then realizes the speed control of the power steering pump; the present invention can Adaptively adjust the speed of the power steering pump according to different vehicle speeds, so as to ensure that the vehicle can obtain appropriate steering assistance at any speed, and reduce the energy consumption of the power steering while ensuring the reliability of the steering.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的一种机械液压助力转向自适应节能装置结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a mechanical hydraulic power steering self-adaptive energy-saving device of the present invention;
图2为图1中A-A剖视图；Fig. 2 is A-A sectional view among Fig. 1;
图中，1—带轮，2—输入轴，3—太阳轮，4—行星轮，5—双面齿圈，6—行星架，7—离合器，8—输出轴，9—助力转向泵，10—电机齿轮，11—伺服电机，12—电机驱动器，13—蓄电池，14—电子控制单元ECU，15—车速传感器，16—转速传感器。In the figure, 1—pulley, 2—input shaft, 3—sun gear, 4—planetary gear, 5—double-sided ring gear, 6—planet carrier, 7—clutch, 8—output shaft, 9—power steering pump, 10—motor gear, 11—servo motor, 12—motor driver, 13—battery, 14—electronic control unit ECU, 15—vehicle speed sensor, 16—speed sensor.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明做进一步的详细说明。The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
如图1、2所示，一种机械液压助力转向自适应节能装置，包括变速部分、助力输出部分及电控部分；As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a mechanical hydraulic power steering adaptive energy-saving device, including a speed change part, a power output part and an electric control part;
所述变速部分包括行星齿轮变速器和伺服电机11，所述行星齿轮变速器包括太阳轮3、行星轮4及双面齿圈5，所述太阳轮3中心连接有输入轴2，行星轮4位于太阳轮3与双面齿圈5之间，且行星轮4与太阳轮3、双面齿圈5内圈相啮合；在所述伺服电机11的电机轴上安装有电机齿轮10，电机齿轮10与双面齿圈5外圈相啮合；The speed change part includes a planetary gear transmission and a servo motor 11. The planetary gear transmission includes a sun gear 3, a planetary gear 4 and a double-sided ring gear 5. The center of the sun gear 3 is connected with an input shaft 2, and the planetary gear 4 is located at the sun gear. between the wheel 3 and the double-sided ring gear 5, and the planetary gear 4 meshes with the sun gear 3 and the inner ring of the double-sided ring gear 5; a motor gear 10 is installed on the motor shaft of the servo motor 11, and the motor gear 10 and The outer rings of the double-sided ring gear 5 are meshed;
所述助力输出部分包括离合器7及助力转向泵9，所述离合器7输入端通过行星架6与行星轮相连，离合器7输出端连接有输出轴8，所述助力转向泵9通过输出轴8与离合器7输出端相连；The power output part includes a clutch 7 and a power steering pump 9. The input end of the clutch 7 is connected to the planetary wheel through the planet carrier 6, and the output end of the clutch 7 is connected to the output shaft 8. The power steering pump 9 is connected to the power steering pump 9 through the output shaft 8. The output end of the clutch 7 is connected;
所述电控部分包括电子控制单元ECU14、车速传感器15、转速传感器16及电机驱动器12，所述电子控制单元ECU14的信号输入端分别与车速传感器15和转速传感器16相连，电子控制单元ECU14的信号输出端分别与电机驱动器12及离合器7的信号输入端相连，所述电机驱动器12的信号输出端与伺服电机11的控制端相连。Described electric control part comprises electronic control unit ECU14, vehicle speed sensor 15, rotational speed sensor 16 and motor driver 12, and the signal input terminal of described electronic control unit ECU14 is connected with vehicle speed sensor 15 and rotational speed sensor 16 respectively, and the signal of electronic control unit ECU14 The output terminals are respectively connected with the signal input terminals of the motor driver 12 and the clutch 7 , and the signal output terminals of the motor driver 12 are connected with the control terminal of the servo motor 11 .
所述行星轮4数量为三个，且三个行星轮4均布设置。The number of the planetary wheels 4 is three, and the three planetary wheels 4 are evenly distributed.
在所述输入轴2上安装有带轮1，带轮1通过皮带与汽车发动机曲轴相连。A pulley 1 is installed on the input shaft 2, and the pulley 1 is connected with the crankshaft of the automobile engine through a belt.
所述电机驱动器12通过车载蓄电池13供电。The motor driver 12 is powered by an on-board battery 13 .
下面结合附图说明本发明的一次使用过程：Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the one-time use process of the present invention is illustrated:
安装了本发明的车辆，发动机通过皮带驱动带轮1转动直接提供动力，带轮1顺时针转动，并通过输入轴2带动太阳轮3顺时针转动，当伺服电机11不工作时，太阳轮3带动行星轮4和双面齿圈5自由转动，此时为欠输入状态，助力转向泵9无助力输出。The vehicle of the present invention is installed, and the engine drives the pulley 1 to rotate directly to provide power through the belt, and the pulley 1 rotates clockwise, and drives the sun gear 3 to rotate clockwise through the input shaft 2. When the servo motor 11 was not working, the sun gear 3 The planetary gear 4 and the double-sided ring gear 5 are driven to rotate freely. At this time, they are under input state, and the power steering pump 9 has no power output.
当车速低于20km/h时，电子控制单元ECU14根据车速传感器15和转速传感器16的输入信号，判断车辆此时需要较大的转向助力，然后电子控制单元ECU14再将控制信号传送给电机驱动器12，通过电机驱动器12控制伺服电机11逆时针转动，带动电机齿轮10逆时针转动，进而使双面齿圈5顺时针转动，并通过行星轮4带动行星架6顺时针转动，使行星架6的转动角速度不小于太阳轮3的转动角速度，且不大于太阳轮3的2倍转动角速度；当车速为0km/h时，即车辆怠速时，使行星架6的转动角速度为太阳轮3的转动角速度的2倍，此时传动比为1:2；当车速为20km/h时，使行星架6的转动角速度与太阳轮3的转动角速度相等，此时传动比为1:1；行星齿轮变速器的传动比随着车速的增加在1:2～1:1之间无极变换，伺服电机11的转速越快，传动比越小。在此过程中，助力转向泵9以较高的速度旋转，给车辆提供较大的转向助力。When the speed of the vehicle is lower than 20 km/h, the electronic control unit ECU14 judges that the vehicle needs a larger steering assist according to the input signals of the vehicle speed sensor 15 and the rotational speed sensor 16, and then the electronic control unit ECU14 transmits the control signal to the motor driver 12 , through the motor driver 12 to control the servo motor 11 to rotate counterclockwise, drive the motor gear 10 to rotate counterclockwise, and then make the double-sided ring gear 5 rotate clockwise, and drive the planetary carrier 6 to rotate clockwise through the planetary gear 4, so that the planetary carrier 6 The rotational angular velocity is not less than the rotational angular velocity of the sun gear 3, and is not greater than twice the rotational angular velocity of the sun gear 3; At this time, the transmission ratio is 1:2; when the vehicle speed is 20km/h, the rotation angular velocity of the planet carrier 6 is equal to the rotation angular velocity of the sun gear 3, and the transmission ratio is 1:1 at this time; the planetary gear transmission The transmission ratio changes steplessly between 1:2 and 1:1 as the vehicle speed increases, and the faster the rotation speed of the servo motor 11, the smaller the transmission ratio. During this process, the power steering pump 9 rotates at a higher speed to provide greater steering assistance to the vehicle.
当车速介于20～60km/h时，电子控制单元ECU14根据车速传感器15和转速传感器16的输入信号，判断车辆此时不需要较大的转向助力，然后电子控制单元ECU14再将控制信号传送给电机驱动器12；当车速为20km/h时，通过电机驱动器12控制伺服电机11逆时针转动，使双面齿圈5与太阳轮3等速顺时针转动，并通过行星轮4带动行星架6顺时针转动，此时传动比为1:1；随着车速的增加，使伺服电机11转速逐渐降低，双面齿圈5的转速也随之降低，且传动比随之上升，当使伺服电机11转速降为0时，双面齿圈5停转，但行星架6仍然以小于太阳轮3的转动角速度在顺时针转动，此时传动比大于1；随着车速继续增加，使伺服电机11开始顺时针转动，带动双面齿圈5逆时针转动，行星架6仍顺时针转动但转速较小，传动比进一步增大；当车速达到60km/h时，通过伺服电机11带动双面齿圈5逆时针转动直至行星架6的转速降至助力转向泵9的最低转速(液压泵低于最低转速时将造成吸油困难、摩擦增大、效率降低，对液压泵有损害)，行星齿轮变速器的传动比随着车速的增加在1:1以上无极变换，车速越快，传动比越大，且传动比增至最大时，不得使行星架6的转速小于助力转向泵9的最低转速。在此过程中，助力转向泵9以较低的速度旋转，给车辆提供较小的转向助力。When the vehicle speed is between 20-60 km/h, the electronic control unit ECU14 judges that the vehicle does not need a large steering assist at this time according to the input signals of the vehicle speed sensor 15 and the rotational speed sensor 16, and then the electronic control unit ECU14 transmits the control signal to Motor driver 12; when the vehicle speed is 20km/h, the motor driver 12 controls the servo motor 11 to rotate counterclockwise, so that the double-sided ring gear 5 and the sun gear 3 rotate clockwise at the same speed, and the planetary carrier 6 is driven clockwise by the planetary gear 4 The hour hand rotates, and now the transmission ratio is 1:1; as the vehicle speed increases, the speed of the servo motor 11 gradually decreases, and the speed of the double-sided ring gear 5 also decreases, and the transmission ratio increases accordingly. When the servo motor 11 When the rotation speed drops to 0, the double-sided ring gear 5 stops rotating, but the planet carrier 6 still rotates clockwise at a rotational angular velocity less than the sun gear 3, and the transmission ratio is greater than 1 at this time; as the vehicle speed continues to increase, the servo motor 11 starts to rotate. Clockwise rotation drives the double-sided ring gear 5 to rotate counterclockwise, the planetary carrier 6 still rotates clockwise but at a lower speed, and the transmission ratio further increases; when the vehicle speed reaches 60km/h, the double-sided ring gear 5 is driven by the servo motor 11 Rotate counterclockwise until the rotation speed of the planetary carrier 6 drops to the minimum rotation speed of the power steering pump 9 (when the hydraulic pump is lower than the minimum rotation speed, it will cause difficulty in oil suction, increased friction, reduced efficiency, and damage to the hydraulic pump), the transmission of the planetary gear transmission The ratio changes steplessly above 1:1 with the increase of vehicle speed. The faster the vehicle speed, the larger the transmission ratio. During this process, the power steering pump 9 rotates at a lower speed, providing less steering assistance to the vehicle.
当车速高于60km/h时，行星架6的转速降至助力转向泵9的最低转速后，电子控制单元ECU14根据车速传感器15和转速传感器16的输入信号，判断车辆此时不再需要转向助力，进而控制离合器7分离，同时伺服电机11不工作，动力传输被切断，太阳轮3带动行星轮4和双面齿圈5自由转动，进入欠输入状态，助力转向泵9无助力输出。When the vehicle speed is higher than 60km/h, after the rotation speed of the planet carrier 6 drops to the minimum rotation speed of the power steering pump 9, the electronic control unit ECU14 judges that the vehicle no longer needs power steering at this time according to the input signals of the vehicle speed sensor 15 and the rotation speed sensor 16. , and then control the separation of the clutch 7, while the servo motor 11 does not work, the power transmission is cut off, the sun gear 3 drives the planetary gear 4 and the double-sided ring gear 5 to rotate freely, and enters the under-input state, and the power steering pump 9 has no power output.
无论车辆处于何种车速下，本发明都能根据不同车速自适应的改变助力转向泵的转速，保证了车辆在任何车速下都能够得到合适的转向助力，降低能耗的同时，能够保障转向可靠性。No matter what speed the vehicle is at, the present invention can adaptively change the rotation speed of the power steering pump according to different speeds, ensuring that the vehicle can obtain proper steering assistance at any speed, reducing energy consumption and ensuring reliable steering sex.
实施例中的方案并非用以限制本发明的专利保护范围，凡未脱离本发明所为的等效实施或变更，均包含于本案的专利范围中。The solutions in the embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of patent protection of the present invention, and all equivalent implementations or changes that do not deviate from the present invention are included in the patent scope of this case.
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| CN106401641A (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2017-02-15 | 原平市丰汇机械制造有限公司 | Receiving navigation tractor |
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| CN104494693B (en) | 2017-02-01 |
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