CN104480371A - Preparation method of wear-resistant ferroalloy - Google Patents
Preparation method of wear-resistant ferroalloy Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of a wear-resistant ferroalloy. The method comprises steps as follows: in the ratio, placing 1/3 parts of iron by weight, 1 part of manganese by weight, 1 part ofaluminum by weight and 1/2 parts of chromium by weight into a smelting furnace for melting, heating the smelting furnace to the temperature of 1250-1350 DEG C for 0.5-1 h, and then cooling the smelting furnace to the temperature of 200-350 DEG C; then sequentially adding the rest chromium by weight, 1 part ofmolybdenum by weight,1 part of nickel by weight, 1 part of titanium by weight, 1 part of vanadium by weight, 1 part of boron by weight and 1 part of cobalt by weight, and heating the mixture to the temperature of 1250-1350 DEG C; then adding the rest iron by weight, 1 part of carbon by weight, 1 part of silicon by weight and 1 part of ceriumby weight at the temperature of 1250-1350 DEG C for 1-2 h, and performing casting, annealing, quenching and tempering to obtain the wear-resistant ferroalloy. Structural grains of the aluminum can grow excessively in an alloy liquid, the aluminum, the manganese and the chromium form a framework-like structure, and elements added later enter the liquid in a filling manner.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of metal casting technology, refer to a kind of high-wearing feature iron alloy preparation method.
Background technology
The fields such as existing machinery, in order to improve process velocity and reduce manufacturing procedure, many parts adopt forging type processing, particularly to some baroque parts, adopt the operation of mechanical workout very complicated.Casting processing can disposal molding, is used widely always.
On the other hand, adopt casting processing mode, can need according to processed product the adjustment carrying out alloy property, namely form by the material changed in alloy some performance improved in alloy.In the casting technique of existing technology, in order to improve or improve a certain performance in alloy, be generally there is the unit improved or improve these performances usually realize by adding, and these element major part of improving SNR can belong to precious metal element or rare earth element, cause the production cost of product to improve.
Can be how problem faced by those skilled in the art by adopting the low unit of some prices usually to substitute precious metal or rare earth element performance in the alloy.
The preparation method of the element substitution precious metal that the employing price that prior art proposes is low or rare earth element, technical scheme is:
A kind of high abrasion-resistance ferroalloy material preparation method:
Batching, include by weight percentage, the aluminium of the molybdenum of the manganese of the carbon of 0.8-1.2%, the silicon of 0.6-0.65%, 1.1-1.3%, the chromium of 1.4-1.6%, 0.1-0.2%, the nickel of 0.05-0.1%, 0.8-1.2%, the copper of 0.3-0.5%, the titanium of 0.02-0.03%, the vanadium of 0.03-0.06%, the cerium of 0.0005-0.001%, the boron of 0.002-0.003%, the cobalt of 0.03-0.05%, surplus is that iron and inevitable impurity are prepared burden;
First iron in above-mentioned composition through calculating, silicon, manganese are put into smelting furnace and melted, then chromium, molybdenum, permivar, ferro-titanium, boron, copper, ferro-vanadium, cerium-iron alloy is added successively, and add aluminium after being warmed up to 1250-1350 DEG C, insulation 1-2 hour;
The aluminium alloy obtained is cast at 1100-1150 DEG C, after being cooled to 300-350 DEG C, carries out anneal; Product after casting is placed in the annealing furnace of 870-890 DEG C, is incubated and comes out of the stove for 3-5 hour, adopt air cooling, cooling rate is no more than 1.2 DEG C/min;
Quench treatment, is placed in the quenching furnance of 930-950, and be incubated and carry out hardening liquid constant temperature quench treatment after 2 hours, temperature carries out temper to during 180-200 DEG C;
Temper is naturally cooling after being incubated 2.5 hours in the tempering stove of 250 ± 10 DEG C in temperature; And in quenching point two stages, first stage is isothermal quenching, and quenching velocity is 15-20/ minute; Adopt subordinate phase quenching when temperature drops to 600-650 DEG C, quenching velocity is 3-5 DEG C/sec.
By the iron alloy that above technical scheme is produced, its tensile strength is more than 2000MPa; Yield strength reaches 1500-1800MPa; Hardness is greater than 95-102HRC.
The wear resisting property of the iron alloy obtained by technique scheme is higher, the effect usually substituting precious metal and part rare earth with the unit that price is low can be played completely, but improve the performance of iron alloy again as tensile strength or yield strength and hardness etc., technique scheme just cannot realize.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide improvement opportunity scheme to the preparation method of prior art, by the technical program, when not changing ferroalloy materials composition, the tensile strength of iron alloy, yield strength and hardness can be improved.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of wear resistance iron alloy preparation method,
Melting, by batching by the chromium of the manganese of the iron of 1/3rd weight, all wts, the aluminium of all wts and 1/2nd weight, puts into smelting furnace and melts, and after being warming up to 1250-1350 DEG C, being incubated after 0.5-1 hour and making temperature reduce 200-350 DEG C; Then 1250-1350 DEG C is warming up to again after adding the chromium of remaining weight, the molybdenum of all wts, nickel, titanium, vanadium, boron and cobalt successively; And then maintain 1250-1350 DEG C of temperature 1-2 hour after adding the iron of remaining weight, the carbon of all wts, silicon and cerium;
Casting, is heated to 500-700 DEG C by mold, aluminium alloy is carried out constant temperature casting at 1100-1150 DEG C, carry out anneal after being at the uniform velocity cooled to 300-350 DEG C;
Annealing, is placed in the annealing furnace of 870-890 DEG C, is incubated and comes out of the stove for 3-5 hour by the product after casting, adopt air cooling, cooling rate is no more than 1.0 DEG C/min;
Quenching, be placed in the quenching furnance of 930-950 DEG C, be incubated and carry out hardening liquid constant temperature quench treatment after 2 hours, temperature carries out temper to during 180-200 DEG C;
Tempering is naturally cooling after being incubated 5-10 hour in the tempering stove of 250 ± 10 DEG C in temperature.
Described batching is by weight percentage, the aluminium of the molybdenum of the manganese of the carbon of 0.8-1.2%, the silicon of 0.6-0.65%, 1.1-1.3%, the chromium of 1.4-1.6%, 0.1-0.2%, the nickel of 0.05-0.1%, 0.8-1.2%, the copper of 0.3-0.5%, the titanium of 0.02-0.03%, the vanadium of 0.03-0.06%, the cerium of 0.0005-0.001%, the boron of 0.002-0.003%, the cobalt of 0.03-0.05%, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity.
Described titanium adds in ferro-titanium mode, and described ferro-titanium contains the titanium of 10% weight ratio.
Described cerium adds in cerium-iron alloy mode, and described cerium-iron alloy contains the cerium of 15% weight percent.
Described hardening liquid is oiliness hardening liquid.
Hardening liquid maintains the temperature between 160-180 DEG C when quenching.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The technical scheme of the application; by the improvement to smelt stage; first the iron of melting manganese, aluminium and chromium and part; such result is; aluminium organizes crystal grain to there will be hypertrophy in aluminium alloy; similar skeleton structure is formed with manganese and chromium; then; after the element that adds be enter into liquation with filling mode; the skeleton structure that the chromium that such structure adds after making, molybdenum, nickel, titanium, vanadium, boron and cobalt and in advance iron, manganese, chromium and aluminium are formed is formed crosslinked, is finally full of whole tissue by iron, carbon, silicon and cerium.
This technical scheme is compared with by the melting mode in background technology or traditional whole compositions melting mode together, structure in the organizer of existing technology is that the whole equally distributed mode of multiple element is present in organizer, and such structure can not form complete skeleton, connection between each several part is loose, therefore, wear resisting property is compared low with this technical scheme of the application.
On the other hand, the application, in casting cycle, adopts the technical scheme of high mold temperature, can prevent in casting cycle like this, the temperature variation of cast(ing) surface is too fast, and has influence on the weave construction of iron alloy surface part, thus has influence on the overall performance of iron alloy.
Embodiment
Describe technical scheme of the present invention in detail by the following examples, following embodiment is only exemplary, only can be used for explaining and technical scheme of the present invention being described, and can not be interpreted as being the restriction to technical solution of the present invention.
The invention provides a kind of wear resistance iron alloy preparation method,
Batching, be by weight percentage, the aluminium of the molybdenum of the manganese of the carbon of 0.8-1.2%, the silicon of 0.6-0.65%, 1.1-1.3%, the chromium of 1.4-1.6%, 0.1-0.2%, the nickel of 0.05-0.1%, 0.8-1.2%, the copper of 0.3-0.5%, the titanium of 0.02-0.03%, the vanadium of 0.03-0.06%, the cerium of 0.0005-0.001%, the boron of 0.002-0.003%, the cobalt of 0.03-0.05%, surplus is that iron and inevitable impurity are prepared burden; Wherein, described titanium adds in the ferro-titanium mode of the titanium containing 10% weight ratio; Described cerium adds in the cerium-iron alloy mode containing 15% weight percent.
Melting, by the chromium of the manganese of the iron of 1/3rd weight, all wts, the aluminium of all wts and 1/2nd weight, put into smelting furnace to melt, and be warming up to 1250-1350 DEG C, then, be incubated the 200-350 DEG C that to lower the temperature after 0.5-1 hour, cooling herein makes the iron aluminium manganese chromium skeleton structure formed become steady, prevents this skeleton structure hypertrophy and affect the performance of final iron alloy.Then 1250-1350 DEG C is warming up to again after adding the chromium of remaining weight, the molybdenum of all wts, nickel, titanium, vanadium, boron and cobalt successively; And then maintain 1250-1350 DEG C of temperature 1-2 hour after adding the iron of remaining weight, the carbon of all wts, silicon and cerium; In the end the stage adds Ce elements is utilize Ce elements to the scholar voltinism energy of iron alloy, prevents the hardness of iron alloy excessive and yield strength is too high and cause the high fragility of iron alloy.
Casting, is heated to 500-700 DEG C by mold, aluminium alloy is carried out constant temperature casting at 1100-1150 DEG C, carry out anneal after being at the uniform velocity cooled to 300-350 DEG C;
Annealing, is placed in the annealing furnace of 870-890 DEG C, is incubated and comes out of the stove for 3-5 hour by the product after casting, adopt air cooling, cooling rate is no more than 1.0 DEG C/min;
Quenching, be placed in the quenching furnance of 930-950 DEG C, be incubated after 2 hours and carry out oiliness hardening liquid constant temperature quench treatment, temperature carries out temper to during 180-200 DEG C; Hardening liquid maintains the temperature between 160-180 DEG C when quenching.
Tempering is naturally cooling after being incubated 5-10 hour in the tempering stove of 250 ± 10 DEG C in temperature.
In the iron alloy that will apply for, each composition does not change with prior art, and by means of only the improvement of preparation method, realizes the improvement to iron alloy performance.
By the technical scheme of the application, its tensile strength of the iron alloy produced is more than 2500MPa; Yield strength reaches 1800-2000MPa; Hardness is greater than 100HRC.
In following examples of the application, distinguishing is the composition of batching and the difference of mold temperature, and remaining condition is substantially identical.
Embodiment 1
A kind of wear resistance iron alloy preparation method,
Batching, be by weight percentage, the carbon of 0.8%, the silicon of 0.6%, 1.1% manganese, the chromium of 1.4%, molybdenum, the nickel of 0.05%, aluminium, the copper of 0.3%, titanium, the vanadium of 0.03%, cerium, the boron of 0.002%, the cobalt of 0.03% of 0.0005% of 0.02% of 0.8% of 0.1%, surplus be iron and inevitably impurity prepare burden; Wherein, described titanium adds in the ferro-titanium mode of the titanium containing 10% weight ratio; Described cerium adds in the cerium-iron alloy mode containing 15% weight percent.
Melting, by the chromium of the manganese of the iron of 1/3rd weight, all wts, the aluminium of all wts and 1/2nd weight, put into smelting furnace to melt, and be warming up to 1250-1350 DEG C, then, be incubated the 200-350 DEG C that to lower the temperature after 0.5-1 hour, cooling herein makes the iron aluminium manganese chromium skeleton structure formed become steady, prevents this skeleton structure hypertrophy and affect the performance of final iron alloy.Then 1250-1350 DEG C is warming up to again after adding the chromium of remaining weight, the molybdenum of all wts, nickel, titanium, vanadium, boron and cobalt successively; And then maintain 1250-1350 DEG C of temperature 1-2 hour after adding the iron of remaining weight, the carbon of all wts, silicon and cerium; In the end the stage adds Ce elements is utilize Ce elements to the scholar voltinism energy of iron alloy, prevents the hardness of iron alloy excessive and yield strength is too high and cause the high fragility of iron alloy.
Casting, is heated to 500 DEG C, aluminium alloy is carried out constant temperature casting at 1100-1150 DEG C, carry out anneal after being at the uniform velocity cooled to 300-350 DEG C by mold;
Annealing, is placed in the annealing furnace of 870-890 DEG C, is incubated and comes out of the stove for 3-5 hour by the product after casting, adopt air cooling, cooling rate is no more than 1.0 DEG C/min;
Quenching, be placed in the quenching furnance of 930-950 DEG C, be incubated after 2 hours and carry out oiliness hardening liquid constant temperature quench treatment, temperature carries out temper to during 180-200 DEG C; Hardening liquid maintains the temperature between 160-180 DEG C when quenching.
Tempering is naturally cooling after being incubated 5-10 hour in the tempering stove of 250 ± 10 DEG C in temperature.
Embodiment 2
A kind of wear resistance iron alloy preparation method,
Batching, be by weight percentage, the carbon of 1.2%, the silicon of 0.65%, 1.3% manganese, the chromium of 1.6%, molybdenum, the nickel of 0.1%, aluminium, the copper of 0.5%, titanium, the vanadium of 0.06%, cerium, the boron of 0.003%, the cobalt of 0.05% of 0.001% of 0.03% of 1.2% of 0.2%, surplus be iron and inevitably impurity prepare burden; Wherein, described titanium adds in the ferro-titanium mode of the titanium containing 10% weight ratio; Described cerium adds in the cerium-iron alloy mode containing 15% weight percent.
Melting, by the chromium of the manganese of the iron of 1/3rd weight, all wts, the aluminium of all wts and 1/2nd weight, put into smelting furnace to melt, and be warming up to 1250-1350 DEG C, then, be incubated the 200-350 DEG C that to lower the temperature after 0.5-1 hour, cooling herein makes the iron aluminium manganese chromium skeleton structure formed become steady, prevents this skeleton structure hypertrophy and affect the performance of final iron alloy.Then 1250-1350 DEG C is warming up to again after adding the chromium of remaining weight, the molybdenum of all wts, nickel, titanium, vanadium, boron and cobalt successively; And then maintain 1250-1350 DEG C of temperature 1-2 hour after adding the iron of remaining weight, the carbon of all wts, silicon and cerium; In the end the stage adds Ce elements is utilize Ce elements to the scholar voltinism energy of iron alloy, prevents the hardness of iron alloy excessive and yield strength is too high and cause the high fragility of iron alloy.
Casting, is heated to 700 DEG C, aluminium alloy is carried out constant temperature casting at 1100-1150 DEG C, carry out anneal after being at the uniform velocity cooled to 300-350 DEG C by mold;
Annealing, is placed in the annealing furnace of 870-890 DEG C, is incubated and comes out of the stove for 3-5 hour by the product after casting, adopt air cooling, cooling rate is no more than 1.0 DEG C/min;
Quenching, be placed in the quenching furnance of 930-950 DEG C, be incubated after 2 hours and carry out oiliness hardening liquid constant temperature quench treatment, temperature carries out temper to during 180-200 DEG C; Hardening liquid maintains the temperature between 160-180 DEG C when quenching.
Tempering is naturally cooling after being incubated 5-10 hour in the tempering stove of 250 ± 10 DEG C in temperature.
Embodiment 3
A kind of wear resistance iron alloy preparation method,
Batching, be by weight percentage, the carbon of 1.1%, the silicon of 0.63%, 1.15% manganese, the chromium of 1.42%, molybdenum, the nickel of 0.08%, aluminium, the copper of 0.37%, titanium, the vanadium of 0.045%, cerium, the boron of 0.0028%, the cobalt of 0.045% of 0.00072% of 0.022% of 0.93% of 0.18%, surplus be iron and inevitably impurity prepare burden; Wherein, described titanium adds in the ferro-titanium mode of the titanium containing 10% weight ratio; Described cerium adds in the cerium-iron alloy mode containing 15% weight percent.
Melting, by the chromium of the manganese of the iron of 1/3rd weight, all wts, the aluminium of all wts and 1/2nd weight, put into smelting furnace to melt, and be warming up to 1250-1350 DEG C, then, be incubated the 200-350 DEG C that to lower the temperature after 0.5-1 hour, cooling herein makes the iron aluminium manganese chromium skeleton structure formed become steady, prevents this skeleton structure hypertrophy and affect the performance of final iron alloy.Then 1250-1350 DEG C is warming up to again after adding the chromium of remaining weight, the molybdenum of all wts, nickel, titanium, vanadium, boron and cobalt successively; And then maintain 1250-1350 DEG C of temperature 1-2 hour after adding the iron of remaining weight, the carbon of all wts, silicon and cerium; In the end the stage adds Ce elements is utilize Ce elements to the scholar voltinism energy of iron alloy, prevents the hardness of iron alloy excessive and yield strength is too high and cause the high fragility of iron alloy.
Casting, is heated to 620 DEG C, aluminium alloy is carried out constant temperature casting at 1100-1150 DEG C, carry out anneal after being at the uniform velocity cooled to 300-350 DEG C by mold;
Annealing, is placed in the annealing furnace of 870-890 DEG C, is incubated and comes out of the stove for 3-5 hour by the product after casting, adopt air cooling, cooling rate is no more than 1.0 DEG C/min;
Quenching, be placed in the quenching furnance of 930-950 DEG C, be incubated after 2 hours and carry out oiliness hardening liquid constant temperature quench treatment, temperature carries out temper to during 180-200 DEG C; Hardening liquid maintains the temperature between 160-180 DEG C when quenching.
Tempering is naturally cooling after being incubated 5-10 hour in the tempering stove of 250 ± 10 DEG C in temperature.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite not departing from the technology of the present invention principle; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a wear resistance iron alloy preparation method, is characterized in that:
Melting, by batching by the chromium of the manganese of the iron of 1/3rd weight, all wts, the aluminium of all wts and 1/2nd weight, puts into smelting furnace and melts, and after being warming up to 1250-1350 DEG C, being incubated after 0.5-1 hour and making temperature reduce 200-350 DEG C; Then 1250-1350 DEG C is warming up to again after adding the chromium of remaining weight, the molybdenum of all wts, nickel, titanium, vanadium, boron and cobalt successively; And then maintain 1250-1350 DEG C of temperature 1-2 hour after adding the iron of remaining weight, the carbon of all wts, silicon and cerium;
Casting, is heated to 500-700 DEG C by mold, aluminium alloy is carried out constant temperature casting at 1100-1150 DEG C, carry out anneal after being at the uniform velocity cooled to 300-350 DEG C;
Annealing, is placed in the annealing furnace of 870-890 DEG C, is incubated and comes out of the stove for 3-5 hour by the product after casting, adopt air cooling, cooling rate is no more than 1.0 DEG C/min;
Quenching, be placed in the quenching furnance of 930-950 DEG C, be incubated and carry out hardening liquid constant temperature quench treatment after 2 hours, temperature carries out temper to during 180-200 DEG C;
Tempering is naturally cooling after being incubated 5-10 hour in the tempering stove of 250 ± 10 DEG C in temperature.
2. wear resistance iron alloy preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described batching is by weight percentage, the aluminium of the molybdenum of the manganese of the carbon of 0.8-1.2%, the silicon of 0.6-0.65%, 1.1-1.3%, the chromium of 1.4-1.6%, 0.1-0.2%, the nickel of 0.05-0.1%, 0.8-1.2%, the copper of 0.3-0.5%, the titanium of 0.02-0.03%, the vanadium of 0.03-0.06%, the cerium of 0.0005-0.001%, the boron of 0.002-0.003%, the cobalt of 0.03-0.05%, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity.
3. wear resistance iron alloy preparation method according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described titanium adds in ferro-titanium mode, and described ferro-titanium contains the titanium of 10% weight ratio.
4. wear resistance iron alloy preparation method according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described cerium adds in cerium-iron alloy mode, and described cerium-iron alloy contains the cerium of 15% weight percent.
5. wear resistance iron alloy preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described hardening liquid is oiliness hardening liquid.
6. wear resistance iron alloy preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: hardening liquid maintains the temperature between 160-180 DEG C when quenching.
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| CN106834896A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-06-13 | 宁国市华丰耐磨材料有限公司 | A kind of skeleton strengthens steel forging |
| CN110760641A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-02-07 | 和县华顺铸造有限公司 | Casting method for preparing corner fitting by recycling scrap iron |
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| CN110760641B (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2022-04-05 | 和县华顺铸造有限公司 | Casting method for preparing corner fitting by recycling scrap iron |
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