CN104073727A - Mo-free high-boron high-silica abrasion-resistant alloy and toughness improving method thereof - Google Patents
Mo-free high-boron high-silica abrasion-resistant alloy and toughness improving method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a Mo-free high-boron high-silica abrasion-resistant alloy and a toughness improving method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of steel and iron materials. The chemical components of the high-boron high-silica abrasion-resistant alloy comprise, by weight, 0.4 percent to 0.8 percent of C, 1.6 percent to 3.0 percent of Si, 0.6 percent to 1.6 percent of Mn, 0.0 percent to 2.0 percent of Cr, 0.1 percent to 2.0 percent of B, 0.05 percent to 0.15 percent of Ce, P less than 0.04 percent, S less than 0.04 percent and the balance F. Electric-furnace smelting is adopted for the alloy. A toughening method of the alloy comprises the steps of (1), adding ferro-titanium alloy to perform metamorphism on casing-state boride, and converting continuous mesh distribution of the casing-state boride into independent distribution; (2), performing thermal treatment on alloy castings in a salt bath at the temperature of 350 DEG C to 450 DEG C, and obtaining a retained austenite-carbide-free bainite biphase tissue base body, wherein the amount of the retained austenite is controlled to be 5 percent to 15 percent. The impact toughness of the alloy after toughening treatment is obviously improved, and impact energy of a standard impact test specimen with the size of 10 mm*10mm*55mm can reach 37.5J to the highest.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to iron and steel preparing technical field, be specifically related to a kind of without Mo high boron high-silicon abrasion resistant alloy and tough property improvement method thereof.
Background technology
By industries such as, metallurgy, coal, electric power, building materials and machineries, there are this various component easy to wear in ore deposit, particularly, under abrasive wear working condition, the consumption of vulnerable part is more surprising in a large number.According to incompletely statistics, the Year's consumption of the various vulnerable parts of China, at millions of tons, wherein accounts for 50% because of what abrasive wear was lost efficacy at present.Cause huge financial loss.Obviously, develop well behaved high-abrasive material, imperative.
At present, the widely used high-abrasive material of industrial circle mainly contain high mangaenese steel, alloy white cast iron, in, low-carbon alloy martensite steel etc.Hadfield Steel has the characteristics such as high-ductility, high tenacity and low crack propagation rate, it is a kind of fabulous shock-resistant lost material, be widely used in the machinery of mining machinery, engineering machinery and other load that experiences a shock, as crawler belt and the railway switch etc. of the liner plate of the bucket tooth of excavator, crusher and ball mill, tractor and tank.But the antiwear characteristic of high mangaenese steel only just can show under the working conditions of HI high impact load.Under low impact load or low stress abrasive wear condition, can not or work hardening completely, its antiwear characteristic can not be not fully exerted, sometimes even lower than plain carbon stool.For example, substantially eliminated high mangaenese steel in the not high occasion of the shock loads such as middle-size and small-size ball grinding machine lining board abroad; And domestic due to some historical reasons, at still widespread use high mangaenese steel of these occasions.Because high mangaenese steel yield strength is low, initial hardness not high (<229HB), wearing and tearing are very fast, distortion is serious, causes the difficulty of detachable maintaining, has seriously affected the raising of productivity, and because a large amount of abrasive dusts are sneaked into product, affect quality product.Therefore the substitute of developing high mangaenese steel under middle or small shock load working condition is current urgent task.
Rich chromium cast iron matrix is distributed with a large amount of M
7c
3type carbide, has good abrasive wear resistant weld deposit ability, be widely used in cutter cut, heavily stressed and low stress abrasive wear occasion.But under the working condition that has impact, there is carbide microcosmic and peel off and accelerated wear test in easy fracture or surface; And need a large amount of alloying elements, increase production cost.
Because the solubleness of boron in iron is extremely low, in the time that the boron adding exceedes its solubleness, can form boride.Due to boride have with high-chromium white cast iron in the hardness worked as of Carbide Phases (as Fe
2the hardness of B is HV1200～1600), the research work using boride as wear-resisting phase is more and more paid close attention to.Chinese invention patent CN200410089538.0 discloses a kind of high boron foundry iron base anti-wear alloy and heat treating method thereof, but in this alloy, boride is continuous net-shaped distribution, and matrix is martensite, toughness is poor, and the application in industrial production is restricted.Chinese invention patent CN200610049096.6 adopts and adds the FeTi30 alloy of 2.5～3.3wt% as alterant, a kind of a kind of toughening method for casting high-boron wear-resistant alloy has been proposed, but it is still martensite that this alloy substrate is organized, although the ballistic work of 10mm × 10mm × 55mm standard impact specimen has obtained large increase, can reach 12.5J, but still be restricted in the larger applications of impact.Chinese invention patent CN200610105250.7 discloses a kind of high-boron cast steel containing granular boride and preparation method thereof, adopt rare earth element ce and nitrogen to carry out the outer composite inoculating processing of stove, improved the toughness of alloy, but its complex process, particularly nitrogen content are difficult to realize stable control.
Chinese invention patent CN99105704.X has announced a kind of manufacture method of high-silicon abrasion resistant cast steel, its component prescription is 0.6～1.2%C, 1.8～3.0%, 0.4～0.6%Mn, 0.2～0.5%Mo, P < 0.04%, S < 0.04%, by carry out isothermal quenching in salt bath, can obtain carbide-free Bainite-residual austenite duplex structure.Chinese invention patent CN200410089537.6 adopts the alloying elements such as yttrium-base heavy rare earth, boron, titanium, vanadium to carry out composite inoculating processing to high-silicon abrasion resistant cast steel, and the toughness of high-silicon abrasion resistant cast steel is improved.But in above two kinds of high-silicon abrasion resistant cast steels, all add 0.2～0.5% Mo, its production cost is increased.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of preparation cost lower, do not contain high boron high-silicon abrasion resistant alloy and the toughening method thereof of noble metal Mo, the matrix of wear resistant alloy is carbide-free Bainite and residual austenite duplex structure, wear-resisting mutually for being the isolated high rigidity boride distributing.
A kind of without Mo high boron high-silicon abrasion resistant alloy and tough property improvement method thereof, the C that described wear resistant alloy is 0.4～0.8% by weight percent, 1.6～3.0% Si, 0.6～1.6% Mn, 0.0～2.0% Cr, 0.1～2.0% B, the P of < 0.04%, the S of < 0.04%, surplus Fe composition.
Above-mentionedly it is characterized in that without Mo high boron high-silicon abrasion resistant alloy and toughening method thereof, comprise following concrete steps:
1) foundry returns, steel scrap, ferrosilicon, ferrochrome, ferromanganese, molybdenum-iron are inserted to electric furnace after weighing and carry out melting, after furnace charge melts clearly, regulate carbon content with carburelant;
2) after melt temperature is elevated to 1580～1620 DEG C, insert a deoxidation of aluminium, the add-on of aluminium is 0.15～0.3% of alloy melt weight;
3) add ferrotianium and ferro-boron, molten steel is inserted aluminium after melting and skimming clearly and is carried out secondary deoxidation, comes out of the stove afterwards, directly pours into foundry goods.The add-on of titanium and boron is 0.5～0.7 to add according to atomic ratio Ti/B;
4) foundry goods is placed in to chamber type electric resistance furnace, austenitizing under 850～1050 DEG C of conditions, soaking time is determined according to casting section thickness, is generally 3min/mm;
5) foundry goods is taken out to directly to insert temperature be to heat-treat in the isothermal salt bath furnace of 350～450 DEG C, after soaking time is 0.5～2 hour, foundry goods is taken out, after air cooling, obtaining matrix is residual austenite-carbide-free Bainite duplex structure, and wear-resisting is the wear resistant alloy that is the boride of independent distribution mutually.
Described in step (1), carburelant is barren rock electrode ink, graphite granule.
The present invention has following characteristics compared with prior art: 1) to adopt the rich boron of China and cheap silicon be main alloy element in the present invention, do not add noble metal molybdenum, starting material wide material sources, low production cost; 2) in wear resistant alloy, carbon content is 0.4～0.8%, after thermal treatment, in tissue, there is 5～15% stable residual austenite, residual austenite is film like and is distributed in (Fig. 1) around bainite, in destructive process, residual austenite physical efficiency makes crack blunting, branch and changes induced plasticity effect, can change crack orientation and extend the path of crack propagation simultaneously, increase the energy consuming in crack propagation process, delay the speed of crack propagation.3) in wear resistant alloy, silicone content is 1.6～3.0%, because element silicon has the effect of strongly inhibited Carbide Precipitation, thereby in heat-treated sturcture, is carbide-free Bainite.4) the present invention adopts Ti element to carry out the rotten processing of boride, and it is 0.5～0.7 that the add-on of titanium and boron is followed atomic ratio Ti/B.Owing to adding after Ti element, in high-temperature fusant, first form high melting compound (as TiC, TiB2 etc.), these high melting compounds and boride (being mainly Fe2B) have good coherence relation, can be used as boride forming core core, therefore after rotten processing, form of boride is changed into and is isolated block distribution (Fig. 2) by continuous net-shaped distribution.5) thermal treatment of the present invention adopts salt bath austempering, can obtain hardness 45～63HRC, impact toughness 15～37.5J without the high boron high-silicon abrasion resistant of Mo alloy: 6) because the present invention has Austenite bainite to coordinate compared with high-strong toughness as matrix, overcome high-chromium white cast iron fragility large, in use procedure, be easy to the deficiencies such as broken and fracture, and production cost higher chromium white cast iron is low, can be for substituting the wear resistant applications of high-chromium white cast iron.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the metallographic structure without the high boron high-silicon abrasion resistant of Mo alloy after 350 DEG C of isothermal quenching 30min after 950 DEG C of austenitizing 30min (in figure, black is organized as lath of bainite, and what distribute therebetween is white residual austenite).
Fig. 2 is that wherein dark part is the borocarbide of titanium, has played the effect of forming core core without being the isolated boride distributing in the high boron high-silicon abrasion resistant of Mo alloy.
Fig. 3 is the metallographic structure without the high boron high-silicon abrasion resistant of Mo alloy after 400 DEG C of isothermal quenching 30min (embodiment 5) after 950 DEG C of austenitizing 30min.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiments of the invention, taking ordinary scrap steel, foundry returns, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferrotianium and ferro-boron as main raw material, adopt the melting of 50kg medium-frequency induction furnace, casting sand mould standard keel block.Casting all meets without the chemical composition of the high boron high-silicon abrasion resistant of Mo alloy: 0.4～0.8%C, 1.6～3.0%Si, 0.6～1.6%Mn, 0.0～2.0%Cr, 0.1～2.0%B, 0.05～0.15%Ce, P < 0.04%, S < 0.04%, surplus is Fe.Concrete preparation process is: foundry returns, steel scrap, ferrosilicon, ferrochrome, ferromanganese, ferro-aluminum calculating are inserted to electric furnace after weighing and carry out melting, regulate carbon content, and adjust other alloying constituents after furnace charge melts clearly with carburelant.After being elevated to 1580～1620 DEG C, inserts melt temperature a deoxidation of aluminium.Then add ferrotianium and ferro-boron, molten steel is inserted aluminium after melting and skimming clearly and is carried out secondary deoxidation, comes out of the stove afterwards, directly pours into standard keel block.Adopt the bottom of line cutting intercepting standard keel block, for thermal treatment.
The specific embodiment below providing for contriver, in each embodiment, NM content is referring to leading portion content.
Embodiment 1
Chemical composition is 0.50wt%C, 0.1wt%B, 2.01wt%Si, 1.1wt%Mn, 0.6wt%Cr, 0.013wt%P, 0.008wt%S, 0.2wt%Ti.The thermal treatment process of wear resistant alloy sample is: 950 DEG C of austenitizings, be incubated 0.5 hour, and the salt bath that is placed in fast 400 DEG C after taking-up carries out Isothermal Hot processing, is incubated 0.5 hour, takes out air cooling to room temperature.What obtain is isolated bulk and granular distribution without the high boron high-silicon abrasion resistant of Mo alloy eutectic boride, and its mechanical property is as follows: hardness is 44HRC, 10mm × 10mm × 55mm standard impact specimen ballistic work A of line cutting processing
kfor 20.7J.
Embodiment 2
Chemical composition is: 0.52wt%C, 0.3wt%B, 2.01wt%Si, 1.08wt%Mn, 0.67wt%Cr, 0.012wt%P, 0.010wt%S, 0.62wt%Ti.The thermal treatment process of wear resistant alloy sample is: 950 DEG C of austenitizings, be incubated 0.5 hour, and the salt bath that is placed in fast 350 DEG C after taking-up carries out Isothermal Hot processing, is incubated 0.5 hour, takes out air cooling to room temperature.What obtain is isolated bulk and granular distribution without the high boron high-silicon abrasion resistant of Mo alloy eutectic boride, and its mechanical property is as follows: hardness is 45HRC, 10mm × 10mm × 55mm standard impact specimen ballistic work A of line cutting processing
kfor 10.5J.
Embodiment 3
Chemical composition is 0.48wt%C, 0.5wt%B, 2.02wt%Si, 1.08wt%Mn, 0.53wt%Cr, 0.011wt%P, 0.011wt%S, 0.80wt%Ti.The thermal treatment process of wear resistant alloy sample is: 950 DEG C of austenitizings, be incubated 0.5 hour, and the salt bath that is placed in fast 400 DEG C after taking-up carries out Isothermal Hot processing, is incubated 0.5 hour, takes out air cooling to room temperature.What obtain is isolated bulk and granular distribution without the high boron high-silicon abrasion resistant of Mo alloy eutectic boride, and its mechanical property is as follows: hardness is 47HRC, 10mm × 10mm × 55mm standard impact specimen ballistic work A of line cutting processing
kfor 13.9J.
Embodiment 4
Chemical composition is 0.52wt%C, 0.1wt%B, 2.06wt%Si, 1.06wt%Mn, 0.007wt%P, 0.009wt%S, 0.21wt%Ti.The thermal treatment process of wear resistant alloy sample is: 950 DEG C of austenitizings, be incubated 0.5 hour, and the salt bath that is placed in fast 350 DEG C after taking-up carries out Isothermal Hot processing, is incubated 0.5 hour, takes out air cooling to room temperature.What obtain is isolated bulk and granular distribution without the high boron high-silicon abrasion resistant of Mo alloy eutectic boride, and its mechanical property is as follows: hardness is 47HRC, 10mm × 10mm × 55mm standard impact specimen ballistic work A of line cutting processing
kfor 24.6J.
Embodiment 5
Chemical composition is 0.52wt%C, 0.1wt%B, 2.06wt%Si, 1.06wt%Mn, 0.007wt%P, 0.009wt%S, 0.21wt%Ti.The thermal treatment process of wear resistant alloy sample is: 950 DEG C of austenitizings, be incubated 0.5 hour, and the salt bath that is placed in fast 400 DEG C after taking-up carries out Isothermal Hot processing, is incubated 0.5 hour, takes out air cooling to room temperature.What obtain is isolated bulk and granular distribution (seeing Fig. 3) without the high boron high-silicon abrasion resistant of Mo alloy eutectic boride, and its mechanical property is as follows: hardness is 43HRC, 10mm × 10mm × 55mm standard impact specimen ballistic work A of line cutting processing
kfor 37.5J.
Claims (5)
1. one kind without Mo high boron high-silicon abrasion resistant alloy and tough property improvement method thereof, it is characterized in that, the C that described wear resistant alloy is 0.4～0.8% by weight percent, 1.6～3.0% Si, 0.6～1.6% Mn, 0.0～2.0% Cr, 0.1～2.0% B, the P of < 0.04%, the S of < 0.04%, surplus Fe composition.
Described in claim 1 without Mo high boron high-silicon abrasion resistant alloy and tough property improvement method thereof, it is characterized in that, comprise following concrete steps:
1) foundry returns, steel scrap, ferrosilicon, ferrochrome, ferromanganese, molybdenum-iron are inserted to electric furnace after weighing and carry out melting, after furnace charge melts clearly, regulate carbon content with carburelant;
2) after melt temperature is elevated to 1580～1620 DEG C, insert a deoxidation of aluminium, the add-on of aluminium is 0.15～0.3% of alloy melt weight;
3) add ferrotianium and ferro-boron, molten steel is inserted aluminium after melting and skimming clearly and is carried out secondary deoxidation, comes out of the stove afterwards, directly pours into foundry goods;
4) foundry goods is placed in to chamber type electric resistance furnace, austenitizing under 850～1050 DEG C of conditions, soaking time is determined according to casting section thickness, is generally 3min/mm;
5) foundry goods is taken out to directly to insert temperature be to heat-treat in the isothermal salt bath furnace of 350～450 DEG C, after soaking time is 0.5～2 hour, foundry goods is taken out, after air cooling, obtaining matrix is residual austenite-carbide-free Bainite duplex structure, and wear-resisting is the wear resistant alloy that is the boride of independent distribution mutually.
3. according to the manufacture method of the wear resistant alloy described in claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, described carbon content is 0.6～0.8%, adopts barren rock electrode ink or graphite granule to carry out carburetting.Carbon content is 0.4～0.8%, guarantees to remain a certain amount of residual austenite (5～15%) in heat-treated sturcture.
4. wear resistant alloy according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described silicone content is 1.6～3.0%, ensures to there will not be carbide in heat-treated sturcture bainite.
5. wear resistant alloy according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the add-on of titanium and boron is 0.5～0.7 to add according to atomic ratio Ti/B.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104480371A (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2015-04-01 | 宁波市鄞州商业精密铸造有限公司 | Preparation method of wear-resistant ferroalloy |
| CN105803312A (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2016-07-27 | 长兴德田工程机械有限公司 | Air-cooled austenite-bainite abrasion-resistant alloy and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN107034417A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-08-11 | 长兴德田工程机械股份有限公司 | Carbide-free Bainite antifriction alloy |
| CN111961977A (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2020-11-20 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | HB500 grade high-wear-resistance thin steel plate and production method thereof |
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| CN101851729A (en) * | 2010-04-27 | 2010-10-06 | 上海工程技术大学 | Method for preparing tough and wearable high boron steel |
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| CN104480371A (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2015-04-01 | 宁波市鄞州商业精密铸造有限公司 | Preparation method of wear-resistant ferroalloy |
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| CN111961977A (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2020-11-20 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | HB500 grade high-wear-resistance thin steel plate and production method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20141001 |