The content of the invention
The invention provides a kind of method of municipal sludge clean utilization, its objective is to carry out scale to all kinds of municipal sludges
The integrated treatment of change, enables to reach clean utilization.On the one hand in municipal sludge continuous high temperature anaerobic digestion, to city
Sludge degree ground minimizing big to the greatest extent, completely harmless treatment, while producing the utilization that biogas is cleaned the energy;The opposing party
Face, by removing of the thiobacillus thiooxidant to sludge heavy-metal, accomplishes the farthest recycling to municipal sludge, while
The secondary pollution that elimination is caused to environment.
A kind of method of municipal sludge clean utilization that the present invention is provided, is that municipal sludge is carried out high-temperature anaerobic fermentation
Afterwards, thiobacillus thiooxidant enrichment bacterium solution culture is added, finally, by dehydrating municipal sludge.
Preferably, step is as follows:
1) three-level is carried out to high temperature anaerobic methane backeria and expands numerous culture;
2) the high temperature anaerobic methane backeria bacterium solution in growth logarithmic phase after will be expansion numerous is added in municipal sludge, carries out high temperature
Anaerobic fermentation.
3) three-level is carried out to thiobacillus thiooxidant and expands numerous culture, obtain thiobacillus thiooxidant enrichment bacterium solution;
4) when in thiobacillus thiooxidant enrichment bacterium solution, flora number reaches hundred million/L of 20-30, after being added into step (2) fermentation
In sludge, while sulphur powder is added, after continuously cultivating 3-5 days, by dehydrating municipal sludge to 55-60%.
High temperature anaerobic methane backeria can carry out anaerobic digestion to the organic matter in sludge at short notice, by organic carbon
Digestion be converted into methane gas, be used after collection, do not only reach the reproducible utilization of the energy, additionally it is possible to which sludge is carried out
Minimizing and preliminary harmless treatment, enable sludge decrement 30%-40% after process;
Thiobacillus thiooxidant is passed through by the indirectly-acting of the quick breeding in sludge, direct effect or its metabolite
Oxidation, reduction, complexing, absorption, course of dissolution, the slightly solubility heavy metal in sludge are separated and are leached out.And pass through to add sulphur
Powder, can not only adjust the overall pH value of sludge, there is provided the suitable growing environment of thiobacillus thiooxidant, moreover it is possible to for the fast of thiobacillus thiooxidant
Speed breeding provides nutriment, to ensure the nutrition energy of its quick breeding.
When thiobacillus thiooxidant bacterial content is too low, in sludge, quick breeding is slow, and the growth and breeding time is long, reduces to sludge
The removal efficiency of heavy metal, and bacterial content is excessive, easily causes the supersaturation of bacterial content, the short time consumes the sulphur unit of limitation in a large number
Element, affects Periodical Reproduction of the thiobacillus thiooxidant in sludge, causes the too early decline of microbial inoculum, affects the process to sludge to imitate
Rate.Verified by pre-stage test, thiobacillus thiooxidant bacterial content is more suitable in hundred million/L of 20-30.
Preferably, the temperature of the high-temperature anaerobic fermentation is 55-60 DEG C, and the cycle is 7-10 days.
The vital movement of methane backeria under 55-60 DEG C of high-temperature anaerobic fermentation environment, can be greatly improved, to sludge in it is organic
The quick Degradation and Transformation of mass-energy, and the yield of methane gas is higher.The metabolic activity of methane backeria if temperature is too low, is affected, is made
Into in sludge, organic matter consumes too low, methane yield low yield;If temperature is too high, the too early decline of methane backeria is not only caused,
And it is also higher to the process control cost of high-temperature technology, it is therefore preferred to carrying out anaerobism to sludge at a temperature of 55-60 DEG C
Digestion is disposed.
At 55-60 DEG C, in anaerobic digestion 7-10 days, in sludge, organic matter consumption rate is maximum, more than this process week
Phase (﹥ 10 days), in sludge, organic matter consumption and methane production do not increase with the prolongation of time, and the too short (﹤ of process time
7 days), the degraded of the organic matter of sludge and methane content also do not reach maximum, it is therefore preferred that selecting the anaerobic digestion cycle to be 7-
10 days.
Preferably, the addition of the high temperature anaerobic methane backeria bacterium solution is the 0.3-0.5% of municipal sludge quality.
When adding methane backeria bacterial content too low (﹤ 0.3%), in sludge, quick breeding is slow, and the growth and breeding time is long, drop
Low efficiency and methane gas yield to sludge organic matter is too low, extends the digestion time to sludge;And too high (the ﹥ of bacterial content
0.5%) supersaturation of bacterial content, is easily caused, the quick breeding decline of short time substantial amounts of methane backeria causes middle and later periods bacterium to contain
Amount is low, affects digestion and methane yield to sludge, is verified by pre-stage test, and the 0.3- of sludge quantity is added in sludge
0.5% methane backeria is also more suitable.
Preferably, in step (4), the addition of thiobacillus thiooxidant enrichment bacterium solution is the 0.3-0.5% of sludge quality.
When adding sulfur oxide bacterial content too low (﹤ 0.3%), in sludge, quick breeding is slow, and the growth and breeding time is long, needs
It is lot more time to build the parsing of a more suitable sour environment and heavy metal;And bacterial content excessive (﹥ 0.5%),
The supersaturation of bacterial content is easily caused, the quick breeding decline of short time substantial amounts of thiobacillus thiooxidant causes middle and later periods bacterial content
It is low, the parsing to the heavy metal in sludge is affected, is verified by pre-stage test, the 0.3-0.5% of sludge quantity is added in sludge
Thiobacillus thiooxidant it is also more suitable.
Preferably, in step (4), the addition of sulphur powder is the 0.1-0.2% of sludge weight.
Compare, add sulphur powder too low (﹤ 0.1%), it is impossible to acid or alkali environment effectively in conditioning of mud and supplementary oxidation
Element sulphur needed for Thiobacillus vital metabolic, and add sulphur powder excessive (﹥ 0.2%), the sulphur saturation in sludge is not only caused, is caused
Sulphur suppresses, and affects the growth and breeding of thiobacillus thiooxidant, and acid-base value is low in sludge environment, is equally unfavorable for thiobacillus thiooxidant
Growth metabolism.
Preferably, the high temperature anaerobic methane backeria expands concretely comprising the following steps for numerous culture:In 55 DEG C of absolute anaerobic environment, temperature
Under, triangular flask activation 68h-72h is carried out to high temperature anaerobic methane backeria, 120L seed tank cultures 72h-78h and 10 tons big tanks spread cultivation
Production 62h-70h, completes the production of third stage culture microbial inoculum, obtains final product methane bacterium solution.
Preferably, the thiobacillus thiooxidant expands concretely comprising the following steps for numerous culture:At logical oxygen environment, 30 DEG C of temperature, to oxygen
Changing Thiobacillus carries out triangular flask activation, seed tank culture and big tank production third stage culture, produces thiobacillus thiooxidant bacterium solution;
Wherein, thiobacillus thiooxidant activation medium is:NH4Cl 1.0g/L,NaCl 1.0g/L,K2HPO4 0.5g/L,
MgCl2 0.7g/L,CaCl20.15g/L, sulphur powder 10g/L are added to thiobacillus thiooxidant bacterial classification in aforesaid liquid culture medium,
150r/min, cultivate 3-5 days at 30 DEG C, take its supernatant 10-20ml, be further cultured in being transferred to above-mentioned activation medium, use phase
Same method is transferred three times, completes actication of culture;
Bacterial classification expands breeding culture medium:Sodium thiosulfate 0.5g/L, sulphur powder 6g/L, dregs of beans 0.05g/L, fish meal 0.02g/L are pressed
The bacterial classification that seeding tank and big tank are carried out to bacterial classification according to above-mentioned culture medium expands numerous, and condition of culture is venting pressure 0.05Mpa, at 30 DEG C
Culture 3-5 days, that is, the expansion for completing seed is numerous.
Preferably, the municipal sludge includes urban industry sludge and municipal sludge.
Due to low compared with urban industry Heavy Metal Level In Sludge in municipal sludge, therefore, using the city of the present invention
Sludge clean utilization method more effectively can be purified to municipal sludge, and the Nutrition Soil obtained after purification can be used for gardens
Greening etc..
Preferably, the heavy metals in city sewage sludge content specifies 5 times of heavy metal limit value without departing from national agricultural standards.
Second object of the present invention is to provide the fertilizer prepared using said method.
The present invention municipal sludge clean utilization method can scale process municipal sludge.By the city of the present invention
The method of sludge clean utilization, has not only saved municipal sludge and has processed energy consumption, expense and shorten process cycle, and processed
During, it is entirely avoided the secondary pollution to environment, while and accomplished the utilization of the energy and manure resources, accomplish conscientiously
The clean utilization of municipal sludge, environmental protection.
By the method for the municipal sludge clean utilization of the present invention, can produce in the anaerobic digestion stage and prepare biogas;Jing sulphur
Change bacillus process removing heavy metal after, sludge can be made fully to become thoroughly decomposed, simultaneously for urban industry sludge in content of beary metal not
Under the ambit for specifying 5 times of heavy metal limit value beyond national agricultural standards, heavy metal removing works well, and removal efficiency can reach
90%~95%, the industrial sludge Jing after processing can fully meet the agricultural requirement of sludge.
The purposes scope of urban industry sludge is expanded using the method for the present invention, the utilization of urban industry sludge is improve
Rate, effectively increases the stabilisation of urban industry sludge, minimizing, innoxious, and resource utilization degree, reaches clean utilization
Purpose.Meanwhile, the method for the present invention can be completely eliminated the air that municipal sludge brought to environment, earth's surface, water body etc. and be
The environmental pollution of row.
Embodiment 1
Xinjiang municipal sewage plant can produce the urban industry sludge of 150 tons (water content 80%) daily, in sludge
Pollutant index cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn) are exceeded 1~4 times, lead (Pb), boron (B), nickel (Ni), cadmium (Cr) and
Arsenic (As) (GB4284-84) in the agricultural sludge pollutant catabolic gene standard.
1st, three-level is carried out to high temperature anaerobic methane backeria sarcina methanica (Methanosarcinales.YN-10) and expands numerous training
Support:At absolute anaerobic environment, 55 DEG C of temperature, triangular flask activation 68h-72h, 120L seeding tanks are carried out to high temperature anaerobic methane backeria
72h-78h and 10 ton big tank of culture spreads cultivation and produces 62h-70h, completes the production of third stage culture microbial inoculum, obtains final product methane bacterium solution.Consider
Adaptation, growth cycle to methane backeria is long, by the industrial molasses mixing that urban industry sludge leachate and mass percent are 5%
Expand breeding culture medium as high temperature anaerobic methane backeria so that methane backeria seed liquor is transferred in sludge, can rapidly breed amplification,
Improve sludge anaerobic processing speed.
2nd, when sarcina methanica grows logarithmic phase, stop seed culture process, sludge is inoculated into as seed
In:Conveyed in company with the sarcina methanica seed liquor of sludge quality 0.5% by the sludge that sludge pump produces above-mentioned sludge factory
To in thermophilic digestion tower.Using continuous high temperature anaerobic digestion process, in temperature it is at 55 DEG C~60 DEG C, by continuous 7~
The high-temperature anaerobic fermentation of 10 days, the fresh sludge to the daily generation of sewage treatment plant, carries out anaerobic ferment for methane.By sludge stream
Enter pressure, sludge self-digestion tower bottom rises to top, flows out from top exit.Sludge is 7~10 in digestion tower dwell period
My god, it is one anaerobic fermentation cycle of sludge.In the digestion top of tower design collecting methane mouth higher than digestion excess sludge exit,
The biogas in digestion tower is collected, is compressed and is stored for future use;
By the thermophilic digestion process, in sludge, organic matter can reduce by 30%~40%, and can kill in sludge
Pathogen and weed seed, while producing the biogas for preparing by anaerobic digestion, can utilize as clean energy resource, replace part energy
The consumption in source.
3rd, to thiobacillus thiooxidant Thiobacillus Thiooxidans, T.t-01 bacterial classifications carry out three-level and expand numerous culture:
At logical oxygen environment, 30 DEG C of temperature, triangular flask activation, 120L seed tank cultures and 10 tons big tank productions three are carried out to thiobacillus thiooxidant
Level culture, produces thiobacillus thiooxidant bacterium solution.Wherein, thiobacillus thiooxidant activation medium is:NH4Cl 1.0g/L,NaCl 1.0g/
L,K2HPO4 0.5g/L,MgCl2 0.7g/L,CaCl2Thiobacillus thiooxidant bacterial classification is added to by 0.15g/L, sulphur powder 10g/L
State in fluid nutrient medium, cultivate 3-5 days at 150r/min, 30 DEG C, take its supernatant 10-20ml, be transferred to above-mentioned 100ml and live
It is further cultured in changing culture medium, is transferred three times with identical method and actication of culture can be finished.Bacterial classification expands breeding culture medium:It is thio
Sodium sulphate 0.5g/L, sulphur powder 6g/L, dregs of beans 0.05g/L, fish meal 0.02g/L.According to above-mentioned culture medium bacterial classification is carried out 120L and
The bacterial classification of 10 tons big tanks expands numerous, and condition of culture is venting pressure 0.05MPa, cultivates 3-5 days at 30 DEG C, that is, complete the expansion of seed
It is numerous.
4th, when flora number reaches 20~3,000,000,000/L in thiobacillus thiooxidant enrichment bacterium solution, can be used as sludge addition enrichment bacterium
Liquid is used.Add the thiobacillus thiooxidant enrichment bacterium solution of sludge quality 0.5% in anaerobic digestion excess sludge, and according to sludge weight
The sulphur powder of ratio addition 0.15%, uniform to mix, it is 3~5 to adjust material pH.Through the continuous culture of 3~5 days at 30 DEG C
Afterwards, mechanical dehydration is carried out to 55%~60% to municipal sludge.The quality of dehydrated sludge is 75 tons -80 tons.
To the resource utilization degree in the urban industry sludge handling process of above-mentioned sewage treatment plant and after process and respectively
Pollutant standard is tested and analyzed, and concrete outcome is as shown in table 1.
Physical and chemical index after 1 municipal sludge clean utilization before processing of table
Municipal sludge can be become thoroughly decomposed completely through above-mentioned steps.Municipal sludge after dehydration is added in organic dry auxiliary material
With it is rear, agricultural requirement can be met completely, afforestation, agricultural etc. can be done;Moisture Jing chemistry sides to municipal sludge removing
Method adds alkali to adjust the sedimentation of liquid pH heavy metals or remove heavy metal therein by electrochemical method electrolysis.
5th, by the sludge after dehydration, drying makes moisture less than 30% again, is prepared into by screening packing is carried out to dewatered sludge
To organic fertilizer.Agricultural for afforestation etc., in the fall as base manure, 1 ton -1.5 tons of every mu of consumption can preferably improve soil
Earth organic matter, improved soil structure.
It is below afforestation soil improvement to be tested using fertilizer prepared by said method.
It is experimental field one tree-lined streets of Urumchi high and new technology industrial development zone North, carries out the organic of continuous 2 years (2012 and 2013)
Fertile improved experimental.Test arranges three process, wherein process one for present invention production fertilizer, one is processed as sheep excrement, one
It is individual to be processed as control.Concrete fertilizing method is as follows:
Process the bio-fertilizer 20kg/ strains of one, XinJiang TianWu Science Development Co., Ltd production;
Process two, 30kg sheep excrements/strain;
Process three, do not apply fertilizer.
After continuous soil improvement in 2 years test, index determining is carried out in the soil property situation of 2013.9 pairs of tree-lined streets, tie
Fruit is as shown in following table (table 2):
2 afforestation Soil Characteristic Analysis result of table
Knowable to the detection and analysis result in table to soil, the fertilizer for applying this patent production can significantly improve soil
In organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, the content of potassium, compare administration sheep excrement and control group soil, have significant poor to the improvement situation of soil
It is different.