CN104475730A - Minitype machine for rapidly forming teeth by means of metal powder - Google Patents
Minitype machine for rapidly forming teeth by means of metal powder Download PDFInfo
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- CN104475730A CN104475730A CN201510020892.6A CN201510020892A CN104475730A CN 104475730 A CN104475730 A CN 104475730A CN 201510020892 A CN201510020892 A CN 201510020892A CN 104475730 A CN104475730 A CN 104475730A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a minitype machine for rapidly forming teeth by means of metal powder. The machine comprises a machine frame, a control system, a laser galvanometer scanning device, a powder spreading device, a three-cylinder forming body, an upper sealing cover and a laser device, wherein an installation base plate is arranged on the machine frame, the control system, the laser galvanometer scanning device, the powder spreading device, the three-cylinder forming body, the upper sealing cover and the laser device are arranged on the installation base plate, the laser galvanometer scanning device is in optical connection with the laser device, the laser galvanometer scanning device, the powder spreading device, the three-cylinder forming body and the laser device are electrically connected with the control system, four bogie wheels are installed under the machine frame, and the bogie wheels are universal wheels. The metal tooth forming process is simple, material utilization rate is high, application range is wide, and metal tooth forming efficiency is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of quickly shaping device, particularly relate to a kind of micro metal powder rapid forming tooth machine.
Background technology
Although the develop rapidly in the more than ten years in the past of selective laser melting (SLM) metal dust RP technique, but still there are some shortcoming and defect, as reliability, stability can't meet the demands completely; The spherical effect of processing parts, buckling deformation and crack defect are serious, need to find suitable solution; Equipment cost is higher, limits the further promotion and application of SLM technology; The size can preparing part has a definite limitation, is particularly applied on medical science metal tooth shaping of teeth and has certain restriction, the at present technique of preparation small size elaborate medical science tooth part also immature; Technological parameter is more complicated, and existing technology is not deep enough to the Study on mechanism of SLM, needs the long period to grope.The size of existing SLM equipment is all larger in addition, and is all fixing can not move shaping, is unfavorable for applying.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide the micro metal powder rapid forming tooth machine that a kind of metal tooth forming technology is simple, stock utilization is high, applicability is wide and metal tooth forming efficiency is high.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
Micro metal powder rapid forming tooth machine of the present invention, comprises frame, control system, laser galvanometer scanning device, power spreading device, three cylinders shaping entirety, top seal cover and laser instrument;
Described frame is provided with installation base plate, and described control system, laser galvanometer scanning device, power spreading device, three cylinders shaping entirety, top seal cover and laser instrument are arranged on described installation base plate;
Described laser galvanometer scanning device is connected with optics between described laser instrument, and described laser galvanometer scanning device, power spreading device, three cylinders are shaped overall and are electrically connected between laser instrument with described control system;
Described frame lower is provided with four cover bogie wheels, and described bogie wheel is universal wheel.
As seen from the above technical solution provided by the invention, the micro metal powder rapid forming tooth machine that the embodiment of the present invention provides, owing to comprising frame, control system, laser galvanometer scanning device, power spreading device, three cylinders shaping entirety, top seal cover and laser instrument; Frame is provided with installation base plate, and control system, laser galvanometer scanning device, power spreading device, three cylinders shaping entirety, top seal cover and laser instrument are arranged on installation base plate; Laser galvanometer scanning device is connected with optics between laser instrument, and laser galvanometer scanning device, power spreading device, three cylinders are shaped overall and are electrically connected between laser instrument with control system; Frame lower is provided with four cover bogie wheels, and bogie wheel is universal wheel.Metal tooth forming technology is simple, stock utilization is high, applicability is wide and metal tooth forming efficiency is high.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The contour structures schematic diagram of the micro metal powder rapid forming tooth machine that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The micro metal powder rapid forming tooth machine that Fig. 2 a, Fig. 2 b are respectively the embodiment of the present invention to be provided removes the solid after rack and Facad structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 a, Fig. 3 b are respectively front and the perspective view of the micro metal powder rapid forming tooth machine laser galvanometer scanning device that the embodiment of the present invention provides;
Fig. 4 a, Fig. 4 b are respectively the structural representation of the micro metal powder rapid forming tooth machine power spreading device different directions that the embodiment of the present invention provides;
Fig. 5 a, Fig. 5 b are respectively the micro metal powder rapid forming tooth machine three cylinder shaping overall schematic that the embodiment of the present invention provides;
The micro metal powder rapid forming tooth machine top seal cover schematic diagram that Fig. 6 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
To be described in further detail the embodiment of the present invention below.
Micro metal powder rapid forming tooth machine of the present invention, its preferably detailed description of the invention be:
Comprise frame, control system, laser galvanometer scanning device, power spreading device, three cylinders shaping entirety, top seal cover and laser instrument;
Described frame is provided with installation base plate, and described control system, laser galvanometer scanning device, power spreading device, three cylinders shaping entirety, top seal cover and laser instrument are arranged on described installation base plate;
Described laser galvanometer scanning device is connected with optics between described laser instrument, and described laser galvanometer scanning device, power spreading device, three cylinders are shaped overall and are electrically connected between laser instrument with described control system;
Described frame lower is provided with four cover bogie wheels, and described bogie wheel is universal wheel.
Described laser galvanometer scanning device comprises light path mounting seat, slide rail, slide block, light path movable plate, galvanometer, beam expanding lens, laser fiber delivery and the first drive unit;
Described light path mounting seat is fixed on described installation base plate, described slide rail is fixed in described light path mounting seat, described slide block is arranged on described slide rail, described light path movable plate is arranged on described slide block, and described galvanometer, beam expanding lens and described laser fiber delivery are arranged on described light path movable plate;
Described first drive unit is in transmission connection by rack-and-pinion and described light path movable plate.
Described first drive unit comprises turbine and worm decelerator.
Shown power spreading device comprises slide unit fixed head, scraper plate, scraper plate mount pad, middle transition mount pad, leading screw promotion seat, side by side double sided slider bar, side by side double-slider and the second drive unit;
Described scraper plate is fixed on described middle transition mount pad by described scraper plate mount pad, described middle transition mount pad is arranged on described leading screw and promotes on seat, described leading screw promotes seat and is arranged on double-slider arranged side by side, described double-slider arranged side by side is arranged on described double sided slider bar arranged side by side, described double sided slider bar arranged side by side is fixed on described slide rail fixed head, described slide rail fixed head is arranged on described installation base plate, and described second drive unit promotes seat by ball-screw and described leading screw and is in transmission connection.
Described second drive unit comprises servomotor, dual rotary synchronous pulley, one in described dual rotary synchronous pulley is arranged on described servo motor output shaft, another is arranged on described ball-screw power shaft, and described dual rotary synchronous pulley Timing Belt connects.
Described three cylinder shaping entirety comprise cylinder bottom portion seal closure, middle formation cylinder, left powder feeding cylinder and right powder feeding cylinder, the forming board slided up and down along shaping casing wall is provided with in described middle formation cylinder, be equipped with the powder feeding cylinder bottom plate slided up and down along powder feeding casing wall in described left powder feeding cylinder and right powder feeding cylinder, described cylinder bottom portion seal closure lives middle formation cylinder, left powder feeding cylinder and right powder feeding cylinder from lower seal;
Described three cylinder shaping entirety also comprise the 3rd drive unit, and described 3rd drive unit is connected with described forming board and two described powder feeding cylinder bottom plates.
Described 3rd drive unit comprises roller screw, pair of nut and four cover rectilinear movement unit, described rectilinear movement unit comprises linear guide and linear bearing, described linear bearing is arranged on mobile fixed head, and described mobile fixed head is arranged on described three cylinders and is shaped on the whole;
Described linear guide top is arranged on the moving slide board of top, be arranged on the moving slide board of bottom bottom linear guide, two axle heads of described ball-screw are arranged on described top moving slide board and bottom moving slide board respectively, and described pair of nut is arranged on described mobile fixed head.
Described forming board and two described powder feeding cylinder bottom plates are arranged on the moving slide board of described top.
Described top seal cover comprises top seal cover body, seal protection mirror, observation protective glass, and described seal protection mirror, observation protective glass are installed on described sealing cover body.
Described control system comprises industrial computer and display, is electrically connected between described display with described industrial computer.
Micro metal powder rapid forming tooth machine of the present invention is the quickly shaping device that a kind of metal tooth forming technology is simple, stock utilization is high, applicability is wide and metal tooth forming efficiency is high.
Beneficial effect of the present invention can be summarized as follows:
The present invention's main incorporating selectively laser fusion (SLM) RP technique carrys out Rapid Prototyping Metal tooth, it combines the technology such as CAD/CAM, numerical control, optics and material science, using various simple metal or alloy powder material as processing raw material, adopt middle low power laser instrument fast, melt selective metal powder completely after, in conjunction with quick cooled and solidified technology, nonequilibrium state supersaturated solid solution and the evenly tiny metal tooth of metallographic structure can be obtained, its form metal tooth density is close to 100%, and intensity is suitable with the tooth of human body own with hardness performance.Selective laser melting (SLM) Quick-forming tooth technology directly can produce the metal tooth of various complexity according to 3D model, significantly can reduce process-cycle and the cost of metal tooth, shorten the manufacturing procedure of human body artificial tooth, shorten the manufacturing cycle of medical science tooth, the demand that rapid, personalized, the flexibility that very adapt to the processing of modern medicine tooth develop, will have broad application prospects in manufacture fields such as biomedicines.
Formation cylinder, powder feeding cylinder, paving powder system three movement parts in the present invention, all adopt high-power servomotor+decelerator to control, adopt stepper motor+servomotor structure to have higher kinematic accuracy relative to like product, error is lower than 0.01mm; In addition, device start moment of torsion is higher, and motion process is more steady, avoids vibration error effectively; In all movement dimension of equipment, except relying on self encoder feedback of servomotor, add the amount of exercise that other sensors accurately measure formation cylinder, powder feeding cylinder, paving powder system, in real time and more accurate controlled motion; Real-time measurement optical distortion and null offset, ensure part scanning patter precision and scan origin precision; Two forming board ensures mobile linearity, improves anti-side and hits ability.
Specific embodiment:
A kind of micro metal powder rapid forming tooth machine as shown in Figures 1 to 6, comprise frame, control system, laser galvanometer scanning device, power spreading device, three cylinder bodies, top seal cover and laser instrument, described control system, described laser galvanometer scanning device, described power spreading device, described three cylinder bodies, described top seal cover and described laser instrument are all arranged in described frame, between described laser galvanometer scanning device and described laser instrument, optics connects, described laser galvanometer scanning device, described power spreading device, described three cylinders shaping entirety and described laser instrument are all connected to described control system.
In the embodiment be more preferably, described laser galvanometer scanning device comprises light path mount pad, galvanometer shifting sledge, galvanometer moving slider, light path movable plate, galvanometer, laser beam expanding lens, laser fiber delivery and galvanometer moving drive mechanism; Described light path mount pad is fixed on described top seal cover; Described galvanometer shifting sledge is fixed on described light path Connection Block, described galvanometer moving slider installs described light path movable plate, drive described light path movable plate to move up and down along described galvanometer shifting sledge by described galvanometer moving slider, described light path movable plate is installed described galvanometer, laser beam expanding lens and described laser fiber delivery; Described galvanometer moving drive mechanism is in transmission connection by rack-and-pinion and described light path movable plate.Described galvanometer moving drive mechanism comprises tooth bar and turbine and worm decelerator.
In the embodiment be more preferably, shown power spreading device comprises slide unit fixed head, scraper plate, scraper plate mount pad, middle transition mount pad, leading screw promotion seat, side by side double sided slider bar, side by side double-slider and paving powder moving drive mechanism; Described scraper plate is fixed on described middle transition mount pad by described scraper plate mount pad, described middle transition mount pad is fixed on described leading screw and promotes on seat, described leading screw promotes seat and is fixed on double-slider arranged side by side, described double-slider arranged side by side moves along described double sided slider bar arranged side by side, described double sided slider bar arranged side by side is fixed on described slide unit fixed head, and described slide unit fixed head is arranged in described frame.Described driving mechanism by servomotor, output shaft synchronous belt wheel, power shaft synchronous pulley, paving powder moves leading screw, paving powder moves screw pair and forms.Described output shaft synchronous belt wheel is arranged on servo motor output shaft end, power shaft synchronous pulley is arranged on paving powder and moves on leading screw axle head, paving powder move screw pair be arranged on paving powder move on leading screw, output shaft synchronous belt wheel is connected with power shaft synchronous pulley Timing Belt.Servo motor shaft rotarily drives output shaft synchronous belt wheel and rotates, output shaft synchronous belt wheel is rotated through Timing Belt and drives, power shaft synchronous pulley rotarily drives paving powder and moves leading screw rotation, paving powder moves leading screw and rotates, promote paving powder again to move screw pair and move, paving powder moves screw pair and leading screw promotion seat is fixed, and drive leading screw to promote seat and move, and then promotion scraper base moves.Realize the movement of scraper.
In the embodiment be more preferably, described three cylinder shaping entirety comprise cylinder bottom portion seal closure, middle formation cylinder, left powder feeding cylinder and right powder feeding cylinder composition, be provided with the forming board slided up and down along shaping casing wall in described middle formation cylinder, in described left powder feeding cylinder and described right powder feeding cylinder, be equipped with the powder feeding cylinder bottom plate slided up and down along powder feeding casing wall; Described three cylinders shapings are overall also includes the cylinder drive device driving described forming board and the described powder feeding cylinder bottom plate in two, left and right to slide up and down, described cylinder drive device is moved up and down by four linear guides, four linear guides are arranged on movable base plate, and described movable base plate is arranged on three cylinders and is shaped on the whole.
In the embodiment be more preferably, described control system comprises industrial computer and display, is electrically connected between described display with described industrial computer.
In certain specific embodiment:
As shown in Fig. 2 a, Fig. 2 b to Fig. 5 a, Fig. 5 b, metal powder fusing fast forming machine includes frame, laser instrument, industrial computer; Frame is provided with installation base plate, installation base plate being provided with top seal cover, laser galvanometer scanning device, power spreading device and three cylinders is shaped overall, it is dull and stereotyped that described three cylinder shaping entirety comprise cylinder bottom seat, formation cylinder, left powder feeding cylinder, right powder feeding cylinder form, be provided with the forming board slided up and down along shaping casing wall in formation cylinder, in the powder feeding cylinder of two, left and right, be equipped with the powder feeding cylinder bottom plate slided up and down along powder feeding casing wall; Also include the cylinder drive device that forming board and two, left and right powder feeding cylinder bottom plate can be driven to slide up and down.
Laser galvanometer scanning device as shown in Figure 3 a, 3 b, comprises light path mounting bracket and light path link, and described light path mounting bracket is fixed on installation base plate, and described light path link is connected with light path mounting bracket; Also comprise galvanometer shifting sledge and galvanometer moving slider, described galvanometer shifting sledge is fixed on light path link, described galvanometer moving slider installs light path movable plate, drive light path movable plate to move up and down along galvanometer shifting sledge by galvanometer moving slider, described light path movable plate is installed galvanometer, beam expanding lens and laser fiber delivery; Driving mechanism adopts tooth bar+turbine and worm decelerator, tooth bar is fixed on light path movable plate, gear is fixed on turbine and worm decelerator, worm screw rotarily drives turbine rotation, turbine rotation driven gear rotates, rack and pinion engages, and the rotation of gear can be with carry-over bar to move up and down, thus realizes light path movable plate and move up and down.
As Fig. 4 a, shown in Fig. 4 b, power spreading device comprises slide unit fixed head, scraper plate, scraper plate mount pad, middle transition mount pad, leading screw promotes seat, double sided slider bar arranged side by side, double-slider arranged side by side and paving powder moving drive mechanism, described scraper plate is fixed on middle transition mount pad by scraper plate mount pad, described middle transition mount pad is fixed on described leading screw and promotes on seat, described leading screw promotes seat and is fixed on double-slider arranged side by side, described double-slider arranged side by side moves along described double sided slider bar arranged side by side, described double sided slider bar arranged side by side is fixed on slide unit fixed head, described slide unit fixed head is arranged on installation base plate, driving mechanism adopts servomotor, output shaft synchronous belt wheel, power shaft synchronous pulley, paving powder moves leading screw, paving powder moves screw pair composition.Described output shaft synchronous belt wheel is arranged on servo motor output shaft end, power shaft synchronous pulley is arranged on paving powder and moves on leading screw axle head, paving powder move screw pair be arranged on paving powder move on leading screw, output shaft synchronous belt wheel is connected with power shaft synchronous pulley Timing Belt.Servo motor shaft rotarily drives output shaft synchronous belt wheel and rotates, output shaft synchronous belt wheel is rotated through Timing Belt and drives, power shaft synchronous pulley rotarily drives paving powder and moves leading screw rotation, paving powder moves leading screw and rotates, promote paving powder again to move screw pair and move, paving powder moves screw pair and leading screw promotion seat is fixed, and drive leading screw to promote seat and move, and then promotion scraper base moves.Realize the movement of scraper.
Three cylinder shaping overall schematic as shown in Fig. 5 a, Fig. 5 b, the described drive unit driving forming board to slide up and down includes the 3rd servomotor and decelerator, shaft coupling.Drive unit is moved up and down by four cover rectilinear movement unit, four cover rectilinear movement unit comprise linear guide and linear bearing, linear guide can linearly move up and down by bearing, and four linear bearings are arranged on mobile fixed head, and described mobile fixed head is arranged on three cylinders and is shaped on the whole.Four cover linear guide tops are arranged on the moving slide board of top, also be arranged on the moving slide board of bottom bottom four cover linear guides, two axle heads of ball-screw are arranged on described top moving slide board and bottom moving slide board respectively, and roller screw nut pair is arranged on mobile fixed head.When roller screw rotates, pair of nut maintains static, leading screw leading screw while rotation itself also moves up and down, moving slide board is so just driven to move up and down, being fixed by linear guide while moving slide board moves up and down also drives linear guide to move up and down, linear guide moves up and down all linearly bearing axial direction and moves, so just can ensure the moving direction of moving slide board and leading screw move up and down direction consistent ensure again moving slide board can not before and after and left and right heavy curtain dynamic.Described forming board is arranged on the moving slide board of described top, and moving up and down of such top moving slide board can drive moving up and down of forming board.
With reference to figure 5a, Fig. 5 b, the shaping process of this micro metal powder rapid forming tooth machine is as follows: be shaped and start, size manual installation tooth on forming board according to processing tooth processes pedestal and manual leveling, forming board rises to specified altitude assignment, two powder feeding cylinders to the left and right, manual interpolation metal dust, after powder feeding, powder feeding cylinder bottom plate is risen to specified altitude assignment, power spreading device is started working, two the powder feeding cylinders in left and right replace powder feeding, metal dust is evenly taped against on the forming board of middle formation cylinder, after power spreading device completes the metal dust of desired thickness on forming board, under control of the control system, control laser galvanometer scanning device to scan the metal dust on forming board, by the metal powder sintered solidification of scanning area, form a thin layer of part, after having scanned ground floor, middle formation cylinder servomotor drives ball screw turns by decelerator, the leading screw matched with ball-screw moves down, according to aforementioned three cylinder shaping mass motion explanations, forming board is also along with the distance of a decline thickness, again at the metal dust that the thin layer surface layer overlay be cured is new, carry out scanning machining next time, reprocessabilty like this, until whole tooth manufactures complete.When the forming board of middle formation cylinder is positioned at bottom middle formation cylinder, middle formation cylinder servomotor rotates backward, and forming board can be risen to formation cylinder upper end, takes out processing metal tooth.
The above; be only the present invention's preferably detailed description of the invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, is anyly familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; the change that can expect easily or replacement, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claims.
Claims (9)
1. a micro metal powder rapid forming tooth machine, is characterized in that, comprises frame, control system, laser galvanometer scanning device, power spreading device, three cylinders shaping entirety, top seal cover and laser instrument;
Described frame is provided with installation base plate, and described control system, laser galvanometer scanning device, power spreading device, three cylinders shaping entirety, top seal cover and laser instrument are arranged on described installation base plate;
Described laser galvanometer scanning device is connected with optics between described laser instrument, and described laser galvanometer scanning device, power spreading device, three cylinders are shaped overall and are electrically connected between laser instrument with described control system;
Described frame lower is provided with four cover bogie wheels, and described bogie wheel is universal wheel.
2. micro metal powder rapid forming tooth machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described laser galvanometer scanning device comprises light path mounting seat, slide rail, slide block, light path movable plate, galvanometer, beam expanding lens, laser fiber delivery and the first drive unit;
Described light path mounting seat is fixed on described installation base plate, described slide rail is fixed in described light path mounting seat, described slide block is arranged on described slide rail, described light path movable plate is arranged on described slide block, and described galvanometer, beam expanding lens and described laser fiber delivery are arranged on described light path movable plate;
Described first drive unit is in transmission connection by rack-and-pinion and described light path movable plate.
3. micro metal powder rapid forming tooth machine according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described first drive unit comprises turbine and worm decelerator.
4. micro metal powder rapid forming tooth machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, shown power spreading device comprises slide unit fixed head, scraper plate, scraper plate mount pad, middle transition mount pad, leading screw promotion seat, side by side double sided slider bar, side by side double-slider and the second drive unit;
Described scraper plate is fixed on described middle transition mount pad by described scraper plate mount pad, described middle transition mount pad is arranged on described leading screw and promotes on seat, described leading screw promotes seat and is arranged on double-slider arranged side by side, described double-slider arranged side by side is arranged on described double sided slider bar arranged side by side, described double sided slider bar arranged side by side is fixed on described slide rail fixed head, described slide rail fixed head is arranged on described installation base plate, and described second drive unit promotes seat by ball-screw and described leading screw and is in transmission connection.
5. micro metal powder rapid forming tooth machine according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described second drive unit comprises servomotor, dual rotary synchronous pulley, one in described dual rotary synchronous pulley is arranged on described servo motor output shaft, another is arranged on described ball-screw power shaft, and described dual rotary synchronous pulley Timing Belt connects.
6. micro metal powder rapid forming tooth machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described three cylinder shaping entirety comprise cylinder bottom portion seal closure, middle formation cylinder, left powder feeding cylinder and right powder feeding cylinder, the forming board slided up and down along shaping casing wall is provided with in described middle formation cylinder, be equipped with the powder feeding cylinder bottom plate slided up and down along powder feeding casing wall in described left powder feeding cylinder and right powder feeding cylinder, described cylinder bottom portion seal closure lives middle formation cylinder, left powder feeding cylinder and right powder feeding cylinder from lower seal;
Described three cylinder shaping entirety also comprise the 3rd drive unit, and described 3rd drive unit is connected with described forming board and two described powder feeding cylinder bottom plates.
7. micro metal powder rapid forming tooth machine according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described 3rd drive unit comprises roller screw, pair of nut and four cover rectilinear movement unit, described rectilinear movement unit comprises linear guide and linear bearing, described linear bearing is arranged on mobile fixed head, and described mobile fixed head is arranged on described three cylinders and is shaped on the whole;
Described linear guide top is arranged on the moving slide board of top, be arranged on the moving slide board of bottom bottom linear guide, two axle heads of described ball-screw are arranged on described top moving slide board and bottom moving slide board respectively, and described pair of nut is arranged on described mobile fixed head.
Described forming board and two described powder feeding cylinder bottom plates are arranged on the moving slide board of described top.
8. micro metal powder rapid forming tooth machine according to claim 1; it is characterized in that; described top seal cover comprises top seal cover body, seal protection mirror, observation protective glass, and described seal protection mirror, observation protective glass are installed on described sealing cover body.
9. the micro metal powder rapid forming tooth machine according to any one of claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that, described control system comprises industrial computer and display, is electrically connected between described display with described industrial computer.
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CN201510020892.6A CN104475730A (en) | 2015-01-15 | 2015-01-15 | Minitype machine for rapidly forming teeth by means of metal powder |
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CN110181053A (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2019-08-30 | 广州大学 | A kind of powder feeding and spreading device for SLM type metal 3D printer |
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