CN104475058B - 一种污水处理剂 - Google Patents

一种污水处理剂 Download PDF

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CN104475058B
CN104475058B CN201410696309.9A CN201410696309A CN104475058B CN 104475058 B CN104475058 B CN 104475058B CN 201410696309 A CN201410696309 A CN 201410696309A CN 104475058 B CN104475058 B CN 104475058B
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黄益泽
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Xiamen song lake environmental Limited by Share Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及污水处理领域，特别涉及一种污水处理剂。一种污水处理剂，由如下重量百分数的组分组成：聚合氯化铝5~25%；膨润土3~15%；聚丙烯酸钠5~12%；硫酸钠0.5~2%；含铜化合物0.05~0.5%，并用蒸馏水补足至100%，其中，含铜化合物的化学分子式为C18H12O4N2S2Cu，该含铜化合物为三斜晶系，P‑1空间群，晶胞参数为a=9.355(1) Å，b=11.281(3) Å，c=11.427(4) Å，α=65.162(2) º，β=82.062(8)º，γ=68.153(4)º，V=1205.92(2) Å 3。本污水处理剂的制作原料来源广泛，能有效去除水中的污染物，处理污水处理彻底、处理成本低，无毒性、无污染，处理后的废水满足国家污水综合排放标准的要求。而且本发明的污水处理剂通过添加新型的含铜化合物，使得其对重金属有更好的吸附能力。

Description

一种污水处理剂
技术领域
本发明涉及污水处理领域，特别涉及一种污水处理剂。
背景技术
目前，对于水污染的处理方法主要是化学处理法，即通过投放药物处理水污染物。由于水体污染物种类多且混杂，而现在主要使用的水处理剂功能单一，因此必须在水处理系统中分别投加絮凝剂、缓蚀剂、杀菌剂等多种药剂、处理工艺流程复杂。设备多，操作过程繁杂，药剂投加量大，费用多，而且多种试剂之间会通过各种化学反应相互抵抗，致使药效降低。而现有的水处理剂，往往对一些重金属离子的吸附能力不强。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种处理重金属能力强的污水处理剂。
一种污水处理剂，由如下重量百分数的组分组成：
聚合氯化铝5~25%；膨润土3~15%；聚丙烯酸钠5~12%；硫酸钠0.5~2%；含铜化合物0.05~0.5%，并用蒸馏水补足至100%，其中，含铜化合物的化学分子式为C18H12O4N2S2Cu。
进一步的，该含铜化合物为三斜晶系，P-1空间群，晶胞参数为a=9.355(1) Å，b=11.281(3) Å，c= 11.427(4) Å，α=65.162(2) º，β= 82.062(8)º，γ=68.153(4)º，V=1205.92(2) Å 3。
所述的含铜化合物的制备方法为：将有机配体对苯二甲酸、4,4'-联吡啶二硫醚和高氯酸铜溶于乙腈当中，在室温下搅拌形成混合液，然后将所述混合液在溶剂热条件下加热反应后缓慢降温得到所述含铜化合物。
进一步的，所述的加热温度为90℃~110℃，加热反应时间为12~36小时。
进一步的，所述的降温为2℃/小时~5℃/小时降至室温。
进一步的，所述对苯二甲酸、4,4'-联吡啶二硫醚和高氯酸铜的摩尔比为1~3:1~3:1。
进一步的，所述对苯二甲酸、4,4'-联吡啶二硫醚和高氯酸铜的摩尔比优选为1:1:1。
本发明具有如下有益效果：
本污水处理剂的制作原料来源广泛，能有效去除水中的污染物，处理污水处理彻底、处理成本低，无毒性、无污染，处理后的废水满足国家污水综合排放标准(GB8978-1996)的要求。而且本发明的污水处理剂通过添加新型的含铜化合物，使得其对重金属有更好的吸附能力。
附图说明
图1为本发明的含铜化合物以金属中心Cu的配位环境图。
图2为本发明的含铜化合物的二维结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明进行详细的说明，实施例仅是本发明的优选实施方式，不是对本发明的限定。
实施例1
将0.1 mmol对苯二甲酸、0.1 mmol4,4'-联吡啶二硫醚和0.1 mmol高氯酸铜溶于15mL乙腈溶剂当中，在室温下搅拌形成混合液，然后将所述混合液置入25mL反应釜中在溶剂热100℃条件下加热反应24小时后以5℃/小时降至室温得到所述的含铜化合物，产率为53.9% (基于Cu)。
然后将上述化合物进行结构表征。
该化合物的X射线衍射数据是在Bruker Smart Apex CCD面探衍射仪上，用MoKα辐射(λ = 0.71073 Å)，以ω扫描方式收集并进行Lp因子校正，吸收校正使用SADABS程序。用直接法解结构，然后用差值傅立叶法求出全部非氢原子坐标，并用理论加氢法得到氢原子位置(C−H 1.083 Å)，用最小二乘法对结构进行修正。计算工作在PC机上用SHELXTL程序包完成。化合物晶体学参数见表1。结构见图1，图2。
表1.晶体学参数与结构解析
单晶X射线衍射数据表明该含铜属于三斜晶系，P-1空间群，其中，每个铜原子采用四面体配位几何构型，分别与两个对苯二甲酸分子上的两个O（Cu-O键长为1.938(3)~1.971(5) Å）、两个4,4'-联吡啶二硫醚上的两个N（Cu-N键长为2.050(6)~2.092(7) Å）配位，如图1所示。每个4,4'-联吡啶二硫醚分子分别桥联两个铜原子，形成了一种超环结构。每个对苯二甲酸分子也分别桥联两个铜原子，即连接超环结构形成了二维蜂窝状的层状结构（如图2所示）。最终，二维蜂窝状的层状结构通过两种层间π−π相互作用形成了独特的三维超分子网络结构，一种是吡啶-苯-吡啶三明治型的，一种是吡啶-吡啶型的。这种三维超分子网络结构中包含一维孔道，S-S键分布在孔道两侧，这样有利于一些重金属离子的吸附。
实施例2
将0.3 mmol对苯二甲酸、0.15 mmol4,4'-联吡啶二硫醚和0.1 mmol高氯酸铜溶于15mL乙腈溶剂当中，在室温下搅拌形成混合液，然后将所述混合液置入25mL反应釜中在溶剂热90℃条件下加热反应36小时后以2℃/小时降至室温得到所述的含铜化合物，产率为47.3% (基于Cu)。
实施例3
将0.1 mmol对苯二甲酸、0.3 mmol4,4'-联吡啶二硫醚和0.1 mmol高氯酸铜溶于15mL乙腈溶剂当中，在室温下搅拌形成混合液，然后将所述混合液置入25mL反应釜中在溶剂热110℃条件下加热反应12小时后以3℃/小时降至室温得到所述的含铜化合物，产率为36.6% (基于Cu)。
实施例4
一种污水处理剂，由如下重量百分数的组分组成：
聚合氯化铝18%；膨润土10%；聚丙烯酸钠10%；硫酸钠2%；实施例1中的含铜化合物0.1%，并用蒸馏水补足至100%。
实施例5
一种污水处理剂，由如下重量百分数的组分组成：
聚合氯化铝8%；膨润土15%；聚丙烯酸钠8%；硫酸钠0.6%；实施例1中的含铜化合物0.5%，并用蒸馏水补足至100%。
实施例6
一种污水处理剂，由如下重量百分数的组分组成：
聚合氯化铝18%；膨润土4%；聚丙烯酸钠5%；硫酸钠1%；实施例1中的含铜化合物0.3%，并用蒸馏水补足至100%。
对比例
一种污水处理剂，由如下重量百分数的组分组成：
聚合氯化铝18%；膨润土10%；聚丙烯酸钠10%；硫酸钠2%；并用蒸馏水补足至100%。
然后将本发明实施例的污水处理剂和对比例的污水处理剂的用于某电镀厂的污水处理，然后将处理后的污水用GB8978-1996里的标准进行相关测试。测试结果如下表所示。
表2处理后污水的重金属含量表
经过本发明的污水处理剂使得处理后的污水处理彻底、处理成本低，无毒性、无污染，处理后的废水满足国家污水综合排放标准(GB8978-1996)的要求。而且本发明的污水处理剂和对比例相比具有更好的重金属吸附能力。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利范围的限制，但凡采用等同替换或等效变换的形式所获得的技术方案，均应落在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (7)

1.一种污水处理剂，其特征在于，由如下重量百分数的组分组成：
聚合氯化铝5~25%；
膨润土3~15%；
聚丙烯酸钠5~12%；
硫酸钠0.5~2%；
含铜化合物0.05~0.5%，
并用蒸馏水补足至100%，
其中，含铜化合物的化学分子式为C18H12O4N2S2Cu。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种污水处理剂，其特征在于，所述含铜化合物为三斜晶系，P-1空间群，晶胞参数为a=9.355(1) Å，b=11.281(3) Å，c= 11.427(4) Å，α=65.162(2) º，β= 82.062(8)º，γ=68.153(4)º，V=1205.92(2) Å 3。
3.权利要求1中所述的含铜化合物的制备方法，其特征在于：将有机配体对苯二甲酸、4,4'-联吡啶二硫醚和高氯酸铜溶于乙腈当中，在室温下搅拌形成混合液，然后将所述混合液在溶剂热条件下加热反应后缓慢降温得到所述含铜化合物。
4.根据权利要求3所述的含铜化合物的制备方法，其特征在于：所述的加热温度为90℃~110℃，加热反应时间为12~36小时。
5.根据权利要求3所述的含铜化合物的制备方法，其特征在于：所述的降温为2℃/小时~5℃/小时降至室温。
6.根据权利要求3所述的含铜化合物的制备方法，其特征在于：所述对苯二甲酸、4,4'-联吡啶二硫醚和高氯酸铜的摩尔比为1~3:1~3:1。
7.根据权利要求6所述的含铜化合物的制备方法，其特征在于：所述对苯二甲酸、4,4'-联吡啶二硫醚和高氯酸铜的摩尔比优选为1:1:1。
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CN104028268A (zh) * 2014-06-17 2014-09-10 河南师范大学 一种微米级单质铜催化剂及其制备方法和应用

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