CN104471788A - 通信装置 - Google Patents
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- H01Q1/2208—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles associated with components used in interrogation type services, i.e. in systems for information exchange between an interrogator/reader and a tag/transponder, e.g. in Radio Frequency Identification [RFID] systems
- H01Q1/2216—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles associated with components used in interrogation type services, i.e. in systems for information exchange between an interrogator/reader and a tag/transponder, e.g. in Radio Frequency Identification [RFID] systems used in interrogator/reader equipment
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Abstract
本发明的通信装置包括:接地导体(21)、移动通信系统用的天线即移动通信用天线(50)、与接地导体(21)以及移动通信用天线(50)相连的移动通信用IC芯片(41)、以及与接地导体相连并将接地导体用作RFID系统用辐射体的RFID用供电电路(12),并决定包含供电电路(12)在内的RFID用天线的特性,以使得使用了由接地导体(21)和RFID用供电电路(12)构成的RFID用天线的可通信距离达到最长的通信峰值频率位于移动通信系统用的通信频带以外。利用该结构,从而在将印刷布线基板的接地导体等用作移动通信用天线的一部分以及RFID系统用辐射元件的通信终端装置中,能抑制移动通信系统中天线特性的劣化。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及利用相同频带的载波信号的两个以上的通信系统中使用的通信装置,尤其涉及具备RFID系统用天线以及移动通信系统用天线的通信装置。
背景技术
已知一种在RFID(Radio Frequency Identification:射频识别)用读写器与RFID标签之间收发规定信息的RFID系统。RFID用读写器以及RFID标签分别包括用于处理高频信号的RFID用IC芯片(无线IC芯片)、以及用于收发高频信号的天线。
作为RFID系统,一般有利用13MHz频带的HF频带RFID系统、或利用900MHz频带的UHF频带RFID系统。特别是UHF频带RFID系统,由于通信距离比较大,能够一并读取多个标签,因此,作为物品管理用系统值得期待。
作为以移动通信终端为代表的电子设备的工序管理、历史管理等物品管理用的RFID系统,专利文献1、2所公开的、将印刷布线基板的接地导体用作辐射元件的UHF频带RFID系统是有用的。
图7(A)是专利文献1所示的无线IC器件的俯视图,图7(B)是其剖视图。该无线IC器件中,通过在设置于印刷布线基板20表面的接地导体21的一侧部分形成缺口21a来设置环状电极31。无线IC芯片5的输入输出端子电极经由凸点8与连接用电极31a、31b电连接。此外,无线IC芯片5的安装用端子电极经由凸点8与形成在印刷布线基板20表面的连接用电极31c、31d电连接。环状电极31与接地导体21电磁场耦合,并起到匹配电路的作用,接地导体21起到UHF频带RFID用的辐射元件的作用。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:国际公开第2009/011154号公报
专利文献2:国际公开第2009/128437号公报
发明内容
发明所要解决的技术问题
然而,已知若在例如利用GSM(注册商标)(Global System for MobileCommunications:全球移动通信系统)900的通信终端装置那样的将UHF频带用于移动通信的通信终端装置中应用将印刷布线基板的接地导体用作辐射元件的UHF频带RFID系统,则GSM(注册商标)系统在发射时的总辐射功率(TRP:Total Radiated Power)、接收时的总全向灵敏度(TIS:TotalIsotropic Sensitivity)会变差。
推测该现象是因为在移动通信用天线的频带(移动通信系统中使用的频带)内的900MHz下出现RFID标签的谐振点,从而导致移动通信系统的通信信号难以进入移动通信用天线。
图8(A)是表示以往的RFID标签的通信频率与可通信最长距离的关系的图。图8(B)是表示移动通信用天线的插入损耗I.L.以及反射损耗R.L.的频率特性的图。由于RFID标签的天线的谐振频率与RFID系统所使用的900MHz一致,因此如图8(A)所示那样,可通信最长距离在900MHz达到峰值,频率高于或低于900MHz,可通信最长距离都会减少。该RFID标签的天线的谐振频率为900MHz导致如图8(B)所示那样,在移动通信用天线的频带(移动通信系统所使用的频带)内的900MHz下出现谐振点P。其结果,移动通信系统的发送时的总辐射功率(TRP)、接收时的总全向灵敏度(TIS)会变差。
本发明的目的在于提供一种利用相同频带的载波信号的两个以上的通信系统所使用的通信装置,该通信装置能抑制一个通信系统的信号对另一通信系统的通信特性造成妨碍的情况。
解决技术问题所采用的技术方案
本发明的通信终端装置具有辐射体,该辐射体用作第一通信系统与第二通信系统的共用天线,该第一通信系统的载波频率位于第一频带,该第二通信系统的载波频率位于与所述第一频带重叠的第二频带,
所述第一通信系统中的可通信距离达到最大的通信峰值频率位于所述第二频带的频带以外。
(2)例如,所述第一通信系统为UHF频带的RFID系统,所述第二通信系统为UHF频带的移动通信系统。
(3)优选为在(2)中,包括:所述移动通信系统用的天线、即移动通信用天线;与所述辐射体以及所述移动通信用天线相连的移动通信用供电部;以及与所述辐射体相连、且包括RFID用IC以及与所述RFID用IC相连的RFID用供电电路的RFID用供电部,所述RFID用供电电路构成为使用所述辐射体的可通信距离达到最长的通信峰值频率位于所述第二频带以外。
(4)优选所述RFID用供电电路包括宽频带转换电路,该宽频带转换电路连接在所述RFID用IC与所述辐射体之间,使所述RFID系统用辐射体的谐振频率特性(辐射特性)宽频带化。
(5)优选为,利用所述宽频带转换电路,来形成两个谐振点,该两个谐振点分别位于低于所述第二频带的低频侧以及高于所述第二频带的高频侧。
(6)优选为所述宽频带转换电路构成于多个基材层层叠而成的坯体。
(7)优选为在(1)~(6)中,所述辐射体为导电性壳体或接地导体。
发明效果
根据本发明,RFID用天线的谐振不会出现在移动通信用天线的通频带中,从而抑制了移动通信用天线的通频带内的发送时的总辐射功率(TRP)、以及接收时的总全向灵敏度(TIS)的劣化。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施方式的通信终端装置101的天线系统的电路图。
图2(A)是表示通信终端装置101所具备的RFID标签的通信频率与可通信最长距离的关系的图。图2(B)是表示移动通信用天线(由移动通信用天线50与接地导体21构成的天线)的插入损耗I.L.以及反射损耗R.L.的频率特性的图。
图3是供电电路12的具体电路图。
图4(A)是通信终端装置101的壳体内部的主要部分的俯视图,图4(B)是从侧面方向观察通信终端装置101的壳体内部的主要部分的示意图。
图5是RFID用供电部10的剖视图。
图6是表示供电电路基板12P各层的导体图案的图。
图7(A)是专利文献1所示的无线IC器件的俯视图,图7(B)是其剖视图。
图8(A)是表示以往的RFID标签的通信频率与可通信最长距离的关系的图。图8(B)是表示移动通信用天线的插入损耗I.L.以及反射损耗R.L.的频率特性的图。
具体实施方式
图1是本发明实施方式的通信终端装置101的天线系统的电路框图。该通信终端装置101用于第一通信系统、即以UHF频带为载波频率的RFID系统、以及第二通信系统、即同样以UHF频带为载波频率的移动通信系统。更具体而言,包括:形成于印刷布线基板20的接地导体21、包括RFID用IC芯片11以及供电电路12而构成的RFID用供电部10、包括移动通信用IC芯片41以及供电电路42而构成的移动通信用供电部40、以及移动通信用天线50。
RFID用供电部10包括与接地导体21以及RFID用IC芯片11相连的供电电路12、以及与供电电路12相连的RFID用IC芯片11。RFID用IC芯片11是用于处理RFID系统用通信信号的半导体集成电路,构成为包括整流电路、升压电路、调制解调电路等。供电电路12具有用于使RFID用IC芯片11与接地导体21的阻抗匹配的匹配电路、用于对可收发的频带进行宽频带化的宽频带转换电路、用于去除高次谐波的滤波器电路等。
移动通信用供电部40包括与移动通信用天线50相连的移动通信用IC芯片41、以及连接在移动通信用IC芯片41与接地导体21之间的供电电路42。移动通信用IC芯片41是用于处理移动通信系统用通信信号的半导体通信电路,构成为包括放大电路、调制解调电路等。移动通信用供电电路42具有用于使移动通信用IC芯片41与接地导体21的阻抗匹配的匹配电路、用于对可收发的频带进行宽频带化的宽频带转换电路、用于去除高次谐波的滤波器电路等。
RFID用供电部10和接地导体21构成RFID标签。移动通信用天线50和接地导体21构成移动通信所使用的偶极子天线。即,接地导体21是在RFID系统以及移动通信系统中起到共用天线作用的辐射体。
图2(A)是表示上述通信终端装置101所具备的上述RFID标签的通信频率与可通信最长距离的关系的图。图2(B)是表示移动通信用天线(由移动通信用天线50与接地导体21构成的天线)的插入损耗I.L.以及反射损耗R.L.的频率特性的图。
图1所示的RFID用供电部10内的供电电路12包括对RFID系统用通信信号的通频带进行宽频带化的宽频带转换电路。因此,RFID标签的频率与可通信最长距离的关系如图2(A)所示,表现出双峰性,获得了宽频特性。该例中,在800MHz和1GHz上出现了可通信距离达到最大的峰值,即在800MHz和1GHz上出现了通信峰值频率,在750MHz~1.05GHz之间的宽频带内获得增益。
由于如上述那样RFID系统用辐射体的谐振点为800MHz和1GHz,因此,如图2(B)所示,在800MHz和1GHz上出现谐振点P1、P2。这里,如果是GSM(注册商标)850标准,则824MHz~849MHz的频带被分配给发送用载波频率,869MHz~894MHz的频带被分配给接收用载波频率,如果是GSM(注册商标)900标准,则880MHz~915MHz的频带被分配给发送用载波频率,925MHz~960MHz的频带被分配给接收用载波频率。由于所述两个谐振点P1、P2的频率是移动通信系统中不使用的频率,因此发送移动通信信号时的总辐射功率(TRP)、接收移动通信信号时的总全向灵敏度(TIS)不会变差。即,虽然会稍许牺牲RFID系统的增益,但RFID系统不会对移动通信系统的通信特性产生较大妨碍。
图3是上述供电电路12的具体等效电路图。该供电电路12的端子P3、P4与接地导体21的环状电极相连。端子P1、P2与RFID用IC芯片11相连。即,RFID用IC芯片11具有平衡型的输入输出端子,该供电电路是平衡型的供电电路。供电电路12包括宽频带转换电路121以及平衡滤波器电路122。宽频带转换电路121和平衡滤波器电路122兼用作用于对RFID用IC芯片11与接地导体21的阻抗进行匹配的匹配电路。宽频带转换电路121构成为使得包含有RFID用IC芯片11所具有的寄生电容分量、与端子P3、P4相连的接地导体21的环状电极的电感分量、平衡滤波器电路122中的电容分量、电感分量等的谐振电路的谐振点产生于800MHz以及1GHz。平衡滤波器电路122是用于抑制下述情况的滤波器电路,即:从移动通信用IC芯片41输出的发送信号经由接地导体入射到RFID用供电部10内的RFID用IC芯片11并发生失真、且因该失真引起的高次谐波传递到接地导体21一侧的情况。
图4(A)是通信终端装置101的壳体内部的主要部分的俯视图,图4(B)是从侧面方向观察通信终端装置101的壳体内部的主要部分的示意图。印刷布线基板20的内部形成有接地导体21,其一部分被切除,该缺口部的内边缘被用作环状电极31。印刷布线基板20上安装有RFID用供电部10、移动通信用(GSM(注册商标)900的)天线50、移动通信用IC芯片41。
图4的示例中,接地导体21设置在印刷布线基板20的内部,但接地导体也可以设置在印刷布线基板20的表面。该情况下,RFID用供电部10、移动通信用IC芯片41的安装区域由设置在接地导体21表面的抗蚀剂层来规定。此外,印刷布线基板20的平面形状不限于长方形,接地导体21的平面形状也同样不限于长方形状。
上述环状电极31的两个端子上连接有构成RFID用供电部10的模块元器件的端子(图3所示的供电电路12的端子P3、P4)。移动通信用天线50配置在印刷布线基板20上的未形成接地导体区域。另外,移动通信用供电电路42(参照图1)与移动通信用IC芯片41一起安装在印刷布线基板20的接地导体形成区域中,但这里省略图示。
图5是构成RFID用供电部10的模块元器件的剖视图。构成RFID用供电部10的模块元件包括构成有供电电路12的供电电路基板12P,且具有RFIC用IC芯片11经由导电性接合材料(焊料凸点)13搭载在该供电电路基板12P上的结构。RFID用IC芯片11的周围被密封树脂14密封。供电电路基板12P的上层和下层主要是电容形成层(C层),中间层主要是电感形成层(L层)。由此,能使电感形成层上电感图案的电感值稳定。
图6是表示上述供电电路基板12P各层的导体图案的图。(1)为最下层,(14)为最上层。每个层的图都是从安装面一侧(下表面)观察到的图。图6中的标号对应于图3中所示的标号。
最下层(1)上形成有相当于端子P3、P4的电极E(P3)、E(P4)。层(2)上形成有电极E22、E32,层(3)上形成有电极E23、E33。电极E22、E33分别经由过孔导体与电极E(P3)、E(P4)导通。电极E22与电极E23、E(P3)之间构成有电容C2。同样,电极E32与电极E33、E(P4)之间构成有电容C3。
层(4)上形成有电感电极L71、L72,层(5)上形成有电感电极L73,层(6)上形成有电感电极L51、L61,层(7)上形成有电感电极L52、L62,层(8)上形成有电感电极L53、L63,层(9)上形成有电感电极L30、L40。这些电感电极中,电感电极L71、L72、L73构成电感L7。电感电极L51、L52、L53构成电感L5。电感电极L61、L62、L63构成电感L6。另外,电感电极L30、L40构成电感L3、L4。
层(10)上形成有电极E11a、E11b,层(11)上形成有电极E12a、E12b。层(12)上分别形成有电极E13a、E13b。电极E11a、E11b分别经由过孔导体与电极E13a、E13b导通。电极E12a与电极E11a、E13a之间构成有电容C1a。同样,电极E12b与电极E11b、E13b之间构成有电容C1b。
层(13)上分别形成有电感电极L10、L20。电感电极L10、L20构成电感L1、L2。
层(14)的上表面(图6中为背面侧的表面)上形成有相当于端子P1、P2的电极E(P1)、E(P2)、以及空端子电极NC。这些电极上搭载有RFID用IC芯片11。
另外,各基材层可以是LTCC(Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramics:低温共烧陶瓷)那样的陶瓷,也可以是热塑性树脂等构成的树脂层。即,供电电路基板12P(参照图5)可以是陶瓷多层基板,也可以是树脂多层基板。此外,设置于该多层基板的各种电路图案由银、铜等电阻率较低的导体材料构成。
通过在如上述那样将多个基材层层叠而成的坯体(多层基板)中构成宽频带转换电路以及平衡滤波器电路,从而与利用个别元器件构成宽频带转换电路以及平衡滤波器电路的情况相比,能极大程度上小型化,实现图5所示的RFID用供电部10的小型化。
另外,在以上所示的示例中,利用形成于接地导体21的环状电极31、宽频带转换电路121等构成为使得RFID系统的可通信最长距离的频率特性表现出双峰性,且设计成使得该频率特性的峰值位于移动通信系统用的通信频带以外,但RFID系统的频率特性以及可通信最长距离的频率特性也可以是单峰性。该情况下,只要降低RFID系统的频率特性的陡峭性,并使峰值(例如800MHz或1GHz)位于移动通信系统用的通信频带(例如900MHz频带)以外即可。
此外,在以上所述的示例中,将印刷布线基板的接地导体用作RFID系统用辐射体以及移动通信用天线的一部分,但并不限于印刷布线基板的接地导体,也同样适用于将配置在装置内的屏蔽壳体、电池保护用的金属壳体、装置表面的金属壳体等导电性壳体共用作RFID系统用辐射体以及移动通信用天线的一部分。
此外,在以上所示的示例中,示出了通信终端装置中具备RFID标签的示例,但也同样适用于将印刷布线基板的接地导体、导电性壳体用作RFID用读写器的天线的情况。
此外,虽然以移动通信终端作为通信装置的例子进行了说明,但也能应用于例如笔记本型PC、平板终端等各种无线通信装置。
此外,RFID用供电部构成为将RFID用IC芯片搭载于供电电路基板而得到的模块元器件,但也可以采用以再布线层的形式在RFID用IC芯片的表面构成供电电路而得到的芯片尺寸封装。当然,也可以将供电电路构成为RFID用IC芯片以外的元器件。
此外,关于接地导体21的环状电极,是在板状的接地导体上设置缺口,并将板状的接地导体的一部分用作环状电极部分而得到的,但也可以使独立于接地导体构成的环状电极经由电磁场与接地导体的边缘部耦合。
此外,第一通信系统与第二通信系统的组合除了900MHz频带RFID系统与GSM(注册商标)900/GSM(注册商标)850系统的组合以外,也可以是例如UHF频带RFID系统与DCS、CDMA等移动通信系统的组合、RFID系统与蓝牙(注册商标)、无线LAN等近距离通信系统的组合。
标号说明
P1、P2、P3、P4 端子
10 RFID用供电部
11 RFID用IC芯片
12 RFID用供电电路
12P 供电电路基板
14 密封树脂
20 印刷布线基板
21 接地导体
21a 缺口
31 环状电极
40 移动通信用供电部
41 移动通信用IC芯片
42 移动通信用供电电路
50 移动通信用天线
101 通信终端装置
121 宽频带转换电路
122 平衡滤波器电路
Claims (7)
1.一种通信装置,其特征在于,
具有辐射体,该辐射体用作为第一通信系统与第二通信系统的共用天线,该第一通信系统的载波频率位于第一频带,该第二通信系统的载波频率位于与所述第一频带重叠的第二频带,
所述第一通信系统中的可通信距离达到最大的通信峰值频率位于所述第二频带的频带以外。
2.如权利要求1所述的通信装置,其特征在于,
所述第一通信系统为UHF频带的RFID系统,所述第二通信系统为UHF频带的移动通信系统。
3.如权利要求2所述的通信装置,其特征在于,包括:
所述移动通信系统用的天线即移动通信用天线;
与所述辐射体以及所述移动通信用天线相连的移动通信用供电部;以及
与所述辐射体相连、且包括RFID用IC以及与所述RFID用IC相连的RFID用供电电路的RFID用供电部,
所述RFID用供电电路构成为使得使用所述辐射体的可通信距离达到最长的通信峰值频率位于所述第二频带以外。
4.如权利要求3所述的通信装置,其特征在于,
所述RFID用供电电路包括宽频带转换电路,该宽频带转换电路连接在所述RFID用IC与所述辐射体之间,使所述RFID系统的频率特性宽频带化。
5.如权利要求4所述的通信装置,其特征在于,
利用所述宽频带转换电路,来形成两个谐振点,该两个谐振点分别位于低于所述第二频带的低频侧以及高于所述第二频带的高频侧。
6.如权利要求4或5所述的通信装置,其特征在于,
所述宽频带转换电路构成于多个基材层层叠而成的坯体。
7.如权利要求1至6的任一项所述的通信装置,其特征在于,
所述辐射体为导电性壳体或接地导体。
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WO2013008874A1 (ja) * | 2011-07-14 | 2013-01-17 | 株式会社村田製作所 | 無線通信デバイス |
KR101887934B1 (ko) * | 2012-03-26 | 2018-09-06 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 통신용 전자 장치를 위한 내장형 안테나 장치 |
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CN104471788B (zh) | 2017-05-10 |
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