The switch tube driving circuit of bridge switch topology
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of switch tube driving circuit of bridge switch topology.
Background technology
IGBT switchs tube device due to its low conduction loss, small driving power and quick switching characteristic, is widely used in
In the equipment such as frequency converter, inverter and Switching Power Supply, it realizes the function of power conversion in bridge switch topology.
As shown in figure 1, inverter includes upper bridge IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor, insulated gate
Bipolar transistor) K1, upper bridge IGBT K2, lower bridge IGBT K3, lower bridge IGBT K4 and switch tube driving circuit (not shown).
Switch tube driving circuit includes four IGBT drive modules, for exporting gate drive voltage Vg1 to Vg4 to IGBT K1 respectively extremely
K4, four IGBT overcurrent protection modules are respectively used to.Gate drive voltage Vg1 to Vg4 is equal, when excessively stream occurs, due to flowing through
IGBT K1 to K4 electric current is identical, and actually IGBT parameter is incomplete same, then must have in bridge IGBT up and down one it is advanced
Enter and move back saturation state, and then current limit continues to increase.If upper bridge IGBT moves back saturation, then bridge IGBT overcurrent protection module is descended
Over-current signal will not be collected, therefore, generally required in the drive circuit of existing bridge switch topology corresponding for every IGBT
One overcurrent protection module is set, such as the IGBT K1 to K4 in the inverter shown in Fig. 1 will need to be correspondingly arranged four mistakes respectively
Protection module is flowed, the complexity of the drive circuit of bridge switch topology is added and improves production cost.
The content of the invention
In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, it is contemplated that being opened up in providing a kind of bridge switch for solving above-mentioned technical problem
The switch tube driving circuit flutterred.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that:
A kind of switch tube driving circuit of bridge switch topology, it includes switch on the bridge pipe drive module, bridge switch pipe
Drive module and lower bridge overcurrent protection module;The quantity of switch on the bridge pipe drive module is identical with upper bridge IGBT quantity, lower bridge
The quantity of switching tube drive module is identical with lower bridge IGBT quantity, the quantity of lower bridge overcurrent protection module and lower bridge IGBT number
Measure identical;
Each switch on the bridge pipe drive module is used to export upper bridge driving voltage extremely according to the gate electrode drive signals of controller
Bridge IGBT Q1 gate pole on corresponding one;Each bridge switch pipe drive module is defeated for the gate electrode drive signals according to controller
Go out lower bridge driving voltage to corresponding bridge IGBT once gate pole;The upper bridge driving electricity that all switch on the bridge pipe drive modules are exported
Press identical, the lower bridge driving voltage that all bridge switch pipe drive modules are exported is identical, and upper bridge driving voltage is more than lower bridge
Driving voltage;
It is used for the collection of the corresponding bridge IGBT once of detection in corresponding lower bridge IGBT conductings per bridge overcurrent protection module once
Voltage Vce between electrode and emitter stage, and voltage Vce is compared with default threshold voltage, it is more than threshold in voltage Vce
During threshold voltage, output overcurrent signal to controller, to cause controller to stop each drive module of driving according to the over-current signal.
Preferably, switch on the bridge pipe drive module and bridge switch pipe drive module use identical circuit structure, upper bridge
The supply voltage VC1 of switching tube drive module is more than the supply voltage VC2 of bridge switch pipe drive module.
Preferably, a Switching Power Supply Vs direct voltage outputs are to switch on the bridge pipe drive module;Switching Power Supply Vs is also logical
An at least diode D1 output voltages are crossed to bridge switch pipe drive module;The supply voltage VC1 of switch on the bridge pipe drive module
As Switching Power Supply Vs output voltage, the output that the power supply VC2 of bridge switch pipe drive module is Switching Power Supply Vs are electric
Pressure subtracts the voltage difference of diode D1 pressure drop.
Preferably, switch on the bridge pipe drive module and bridge switch pipe drive module include generating positive and negative voltage converting unit and
Switch element;
Generating positive and negative voltage generation unit includes resistance R, voltage-regulator diode Z, electric capacity C1 and electric capacity C2;Voltage-regulator diode Z's is negative
Extreme connecting valve power supply Vs one end, voltage-regulator diode Z positive terminal by the resistance R connecting valve power supplys Vs other end,
Voltage-regulator diode Z negative pole end also passes sequentially through electric capacity C1 and electric capacity C2 connecting valve power supplys the Vs other end, electric capacity C1 and electricity
Hold C2 indirect reference ground;Electric capacity C1 both ends are positive voltage output end, and electric capacity C2 both ends are negative voltage output end;
Switch element includes driving optocoupler, triode TR1, triode TR2, resistance R1 and resistance R2;Drive optocoupler just
Power end Vcc connection voltage-regulator diodes Z negative pole end, drive between reference ground Ve the connection electric capacity C1 and electric capacity C2 of optocoupler,
Drive the negative power end Vee connecting valve power supplys Vs of the optocoupler other end;Drive optocoupler output end vo connecting triode TR1 and
Triode TR2 base stage, also pass through resistance R1 connecting triodes TR1 and triode TR2 emitter stage;Triode TR1 current collection
The positive power source terminal Vcc of pole connection driving optocoupler;The negative power end Vee of triode TR2 colelctor electrode connection driving optocoupler;Triode
TR1 connects corresponding upper bridge IGBT or lower bridges IGBT gate pole with triode TR2 emitter stage by resistance Rg;
Wherein, the voltage-regulator diode Z of switch on the bridge pipe drive module pressure drop is more than the steady of bridge switch pipe drive module
Press diode Z pressure drop.
Preferably, switch on the bridge pipe drive module and bridge switch pipe drive module include generating positive and negative voltage converting unit and
Switch element;
Generating positive and negative voltage generation unit includes resistance R, voltage-regulator diode Z, electric capacity C1 and electric capacity C2;Voltage-regulator diode Z's is negative
Extreme connecting valve power supply Vs one end, voltage-regulator diode Z positive terminal by the resistance R connecting valve power supplys Vs other end,
Voltage-regulator diode Z negative pole end also passes sequentially through electric capacity C1 and electric capacity C2 connecting valve power supplys the Vs other end, electric capacity C1 and electricity
Hold C2 indirect reference ground;Electric capacity C1 both ends are positive voltage output end, and electric capacity C2 both ends are negative voltage output end;
Switch element includes driving optocoupler, triode TR1, triode TR2, resistance R1 and resistance R2;Drive optocoupler just
Power end Vcc connection voltage-regulator diodes Z negative pole end, drive between reference ground Ve the connection electric capacity C1 and electric capacity C2 of optocoupler,
Drive the negative power end Vee connecting valve power supplys Vs of the optocoupler other end;Drive optocoupler output end vo connecting triode TR1 and
Triode TR2 base stage, also pass through resistance R1 connecting triodes TR1 and triode TR2 emitter stage;Triode TR1 current collection
The positive power source terminal Vcc of pole connection driving optocoupler;The negative power end Vee of triode TR2 colelctor electrode connection driving optocoupler;Triode
TR1 connects corresponding upper bridge IGBT or lower bridges IGBT gate pole with triode TR2 emitter stage by resistance Rg;
Wherein, the voltage-regulator diode Z of switch on the bridge pipe drive module pressure drop and the voltage stabilizing of bridge switch pipe drive module
Diode Z pressure drop is identical;Also forward direction connects two between the voltage-regulator diode Z and Switching Power Supply Vs of switch on the bridge pipe drive module
Pole pipe D2.
Preferably, the generating positive and negative voltage converting unit also includes diode D, triode TR and resistance R2;Diode D is connected to
Between voltage-regulator diode Z and resistance R, diode D positive terminal connection voltage-regulator diode Z positive terminal;Triode TR base stage
Between connecting diode D and resistance R1, between triode TR emitter stage connection electric capacity C1 and electric capacity C2, triode TR current collection
The other end that pole passes through resistance R2 connecting valve power supplys Vs.
Preferably, an optocoupler is connected between each switch on the bridge pipe drive module and controller, each bridge switch pipe drives
An optocoupler is connected between dynamic model block and controller, an optocoupler is connected between all lower bridge overcurrent protection modules and controller.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are at least as follows:
The upper bridge driving voltage that the switch on the bridge pipe drive module of the present invention is exported is more than bridge switch pipe drive module
The lower bridge driving voltage exported, and then may be such that bridge IGBT and the lower bridge IGBT saturation current that moves back distinguish, so as to true
Protect under overcurrent condition, lower bridge IGBT, which is initially entered, moves back saturation state, is further increased with limiting Shang Qiao and lower bridge IGBT electric current
Add, and the voltage Vce between lower bridge IGBT collector and emitter continues to raise rapidly, in this way, only passing through lower bridge excessively stream
Protection module accurately and reliably detects the overcurrent condition of upper and lower bridge arm, can save the overcurrent protection of half compared with the prior art
Module, drive circuit is greatly simplified, reduce production cost, and ensure circuit over-current detection simultaneously accurately and reliably.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the circuit connection diagram of the inverter of prior art.
Fig. 2 is the circuit connection signal of the better embodiment of the switch tube driving circuit of bridge switch of the present invention topology
Figure.
Fig. 3 to Fig. 6 is the switch on the bridge pipe drive module or bridge switch pipe drive module of Fig. 2 switch tube driving circuit
Circuit connection diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, the present invention is described further:
Fig. 2 is referred to, the present invention relates to a kind of switch tube driving circuit of bridge switch topology, its better embodiment bag
Include switch on the bridge pipe drive module, bridge switch pipe drive module and lower bridge overcurrent protection module;Switch on the bridge pipe drive module
Quantity it is identical with upper bridge IGBT Q1 quantity, the quantity of bridge switch pipe drive module and lower bridge IGBT Q2 quantity phase
Together, the quantity of lower bridge overcurrent protection module is identical with lower bridge IGBT Q2 quantity.
Each switch on the bridge pipe drive module is used to export upper bridge driving voltage extremely according to the gate electrode drive signals of controller
Bridge IGBT Q1 gate pole on corresponding one;Each bridge switch pipe drive module is defeated for the gate electrode drive signals according to controller
Go out lower bridge driving voltage to corresponding bridge IGBT Q1 once gate pole;The upper bridge that all switch on the bridge pipe drive modules are exported drives
Dynamic voltage is identical, and the lower bridge driving voltage that all bridge switch pipe drive modules are exported is identical, and upper bridge driving voltage is more than
Lower bridge driving voltage.
It is used for the corresponding bridge IGBT Q2 once of detection in corresponding lower bridge IGBT conductings per bridge overcurrent protection module once
Voltage Vce between colelctor electrode and emitter stage, and voltage Vce is compared with default threshold voltage, it is more than in voltage Vce
During threshold voltage, output overcurrent signal to controller, to cause controller to stop each drive module of driving according to the over-current signal.
When IGBT is closed, lower bridge overcurrent protection module does not produce protection act.
It should be noted that any one lower bridge overcurrent protection module all can output overcurrent letter when detecting lower bridge IGBT excessively streams
Number to controller.
The upper bridge driving voltage that the switch on the bridge pipe drive module of the present invention is exported is more than bridge switch pipe drive module
The lower bridge driving voltage exported, and then may be such that bridge IGBT and the lower bridge IGBT saturation current that moves back distinguish, so as to true
Protect under overcurrent condition, lower bridge IGBT, which is initially entered, moves back saturation state, is further increased with limiting Shang Qiao and lower bridge IGBT electric current
Add, and the voltage Vce between lower bridge IGBT collector and emitter continues to raise rapidly, in this way, only passing through lower bridge excessively stream
Protection module accurately and reliably detects the overcurrent condition of upper and lower bridge arm, can save the overcurrent protection of half compared with the prior art
Module, drive circuit is greatly simplified, reduce production cost, and ensure circuit over-current detection simultaneously accurately and reliably.
In the present embodiment, the supply voltage VC1 of switch on the bridge pipe drive module is more than the confession of bridge switch pipe drive module
Piezoelectric voltage VC2, in this way, when IGBT turns off without negative pressure in the case of, switch on the bridge pipe drive module and bridge switch pipe driving
Module can use identical circuit structure, and realize the different driving voltage of output extremely by loading different supply voltages
IGBT, further to simplify driving circuit structure.
Referring to Fig. 3, it is preferable that a Switching Power Supply Vs direct voltage outputs to switch on the bridge pipe drive module;Switch electricity
Source Vs also passes through an at least diode D1 output voltages to bridge switch pipe drive module;The power supply of switch on the bridge pipe drive module
Voltage VC1 is Switching Power Supply Vs output voltage, and the supply voltage VC2 of bridge switch pipe drive module is Switching Power Supply Vs's
Output voltage subtracts the voltage difference of diode D1 pressure drop.Supply voltage can be set by adjusting diode D1 quantity
VC2。
Referring to Fig. 4, in the case of negative pressure being present when IGBT is turned off, switch on the bridge pipe drive module and bridge switch pipe drive
Dynamic model block includes generating positive and negative voltage converting unit and switch element.
Generating positive and negative voltage generation unit includes resistance R, voltage-regulator diode Z, electric capacity C1 and electric capacity C2.Voltage-regulator diode Z's is negative
Extreme connecting valve power supply Vs one end, voltage-regulator diode Z positive terminal by the resistance R connecting valve power supplys Vs other end,
Voltage-regulator diode Z negative pole end also passes sequentially through electric capacity C1 and electric capacity C2 connecting valve power supplys the Vs other end, electric capacity C1 and electricity
Hold C2 indirect reference ground.Electric capacity C1 both ends are positive voltage output end, and electric capacity C2 both ends are negative voltage output end.
Switch element includes driving optocoupler, triode TR1, triode TR2, resistance R1 and resistance R2.Drive optocoupler just
Power end Vcc connection voltage-regulator diodes Z negative pole end, drive between reference ground Ve the connection electric capacity C1 and electric capacity C2 of optocoupler,
Drive the negative power end Vee connecting valve power supplys Vs of the optocoupler other end;Drive optocoupler output end vo connecting triode TR1 and
Triode TR2 base stage, also pass through resistance R1 connecting triodes TR1 and triode TR2 emitter stage;Triode TR1 current collection
The positive power source terminal Vcc of pole connection driving optocoupler;The negative power end Vee of triode TR2 colelctor electrode connection driving optocoupler.Triode
TR1 connects corresponding upper bridge IGBT or lower bridges IGBT gate pole with triode TR2 emitter stage by resistance Rg.
When triode TR1 is turned on, electric capacity C1 voltage is by driving optocoupler and triode TR1 to load on IGBT gate pole
On;When triode TR2 is turned on, electric capacity C2 voltage is by driving optocoupler and triode TR2 to load on IGBT gate pole.
Referring to Fig. 5, it is preferable that be also to include diode D, three suitable for high-power driving, the generating positive and negative voltage converting unit
Pole pipe TR and resistance R2;Diode D is connected between voltage-regulator diode Z and resistance R, diode D positive terminal connection voltage stabilizing two
Pole pipe Z positive terminal;Between triode TR base stage connection diode D and resistance R1, triode TR emitter stage connection electric capacity
Between C1 and electric capacity C2, the other end that triode TR colelctor electrode passes through resistance R2 connecting valve power supplys Vs.
The voltage-regulator diode Z of switch on the bridge pipe drive module pressure drop is more than the pole of voltage stabilizing two of bridge switch pipe drive module
Pipe Z pressure drop, to realize Shang Qiao and lower bridge IGBT variance drive.
Referring to Fig. 6, in other embodiments, the voltage-regulator diode Z of switch on the bridge pipe drive module pressure drop is opened with lower bridge
Close the identical of pipe drive module, but the positive series diode D2 between voltage-regulator diode Z and Switching Power Supply Vs;Forward direction series connection
Diode D2 is that Switching Power Supply Vs electric current from diode D2 anode flow to diode D2 negative electrode.Diode D2 quantity can
For one or more, to realize Shang Qiao and the variance drive voltage of lower bridge IGBT difference voltage differences.
To realize interference signal and security isolation effect, one is connected between each switch on the bridge pipe drive module and controller
Optocoupler, an optocoupler, all lower bridge overcurrent protection modules and control are connected between each bridge switch pipe drive module and controller
An optocoupler is connected between device.Due to the common negative busbar of lower bridge IGBT emitter stage, therefore, each lower bridge overcurrent protection module can share a light
Coupling, further to simplify circuit.
For those skilled in the art, technical scheme that can be as described above and design, make other each
Kind is corresponding to be changed and deforms, and all these change and deformed the protection model that should all belong to the claims in the present invention
Within enclosing.