CN104464714B - A kind of three-dimensional Sound stealth cape structure - Google Patents
A kind of three-dimensional Sound stealth cape structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN104464714B CN104464714B CN201410617598.9A CN201410617598A CN104464714B CN 104464714 B CN104464714 B CN 104464714B CN 201410617598 A CN201410617598 A CN 201410617598A CN 104464714 B CN104464714 B CN 104464714B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to noise control technique field, it is related to a kind of three-dimensional Sound stealth cape structure.The three-dimensional Sound stealth cape structure includes prestressing force impedance transform layer, prestressed net compartment, damping material packed layer and four parts etc. internal supporting shell.Wherein prestressing force impedance transform layer to realize that acoustic impedance is converted, and realizes that static load can be held by displacement amplifying mechanism is equidistantly installed by prestressing force.Wherein prestressed net compartment is located between prestressing force impedance transform layer and internal supporting shell, and the structure sheaf for having cyclophysis by multilayer is constituted.Each structure sheaf is formed by three-dimensional unit cell periodic arrangement, is connected with string or spring between three-dimensional unit cell interior joint.Space wherein in damping material packed layer filling prestressed net compartment, realizes that medium-high frequency absorbs sound.Wherein internal supporting shell, positioned at prestressed net compartment inner side, for carrying.Stealthy cape structure of the invention, can control the propagation path of sound wave, and realization is hidden object Sound stealth, is particularly suitable for underwater submarine stealthy.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to noise control technique and the stealthy field of submarine, it is related to by controlling acoustic wave propagation path, with reality
The three-dimensional cape structure of existing Sound stealth.
Background technology
Sound stealth cape is a new concept, is existed from Steven A Cummer in 2007 etc.《New physicses》On
Write articles.Its core concept is control acoustic wave propagation path, it is bypassed along curve propagation and is hidden object, reaches the mesh of Sound stealth
's.Between subsequent 7 years, research of the various countries scientific and technical personnel to acoustics cape can be described as in the ascendant, at the early-stage.In document
The research of Sound stealth cape is concentrated mainly on the research aspect of cape material, and three types are included in the materials theory for proposing at present：
(1) the IC materials of " anisotropy mass density tensor sum scalar bulk modulus "；(2) " scalar mass density and each to different
The PM materials of property elasticity tensor "；(3) synthesis of both the above material, referred to as PMIC materials.It should be noted that these materials
Material rests essentially within the theoretic discussion stage, and actual fabrication is extremely difficult.
Nineteen ninety-five Milton gives a kind of configuration of PM materials when the limiting behaviour of elastomeric material is studied.2012
Graeme W.Milton etc. and Muamer Kadic in 2013 etc., using RP technique, are carried out to this model
Approximate manufacture.But by the structure that this micro-structure periodic arrangement is formed, it is impossible to bear any dead load, so should not
With value.
The design of Sound stealth cape in the world, all rests on two-dimensional structure model emulation and test level at present, report
Only cylindrical-array and two kinds of plectane of fluting, the so far research also without three-dimensional Sound stealth cape structure are delivered.
The invention discloses a kind of three-dimensional Sound stealth cape structure, it does not use the tradition of design structure after first designing material
Thinking, but be directly designed using part.It can not only bear any dead load, and can control and change sound wave
Propagation path when propagating in the structure, to reach the purpose of Sound stealth.
The content of the invention
A kind of Sound stealth problem present invention is generally directed to be less than 20000Hz under water and in the air, there is provided new broadband sound
A kind of stealthy cape --- three-dimensional Sound stealth cape structure.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves technical problem use is as follows：
A kind of three-dimensional Sound stealth cape structure, including the filling of prestressing force impedance transform layer, prestressed net compartment, damping material
Layer and internal four parts of supporting shell, as shown in Figure 1.
Wherein prestressing force impedance transform layer is the shell being made up of metal, duroplasts or composite etc., between having above etc.
Away from and size identical hole.Certain wall thickness is left between hole, vestibule can be uiform section or variable cross-section.Three-dimensional Sound stealth cape
Structure is outside near sound source side, is inner side near object side is hidden.When using variable cross-section such as vestibule, area of section should
It is gradually reduced from outside to inner side.Displacement amplifying mechanism is installed, as shown in Figure 2 in vestibule.Enlarger is by input shell, six bars
Enlarger and output shell composition, input shell and output shell apply prestressing force by six bar enlargers, to carry.
Six bar enlarger one end are connected by hinge and input shell, and one end passes through hinge and is connected with shell is exported, and in addition also two
By fixed hinged constraint on the side wall of enlarger, hinge can also be replaced using flexible hinge, bar with string at end.So
Six bar enlargers will reach output shell after being just input into the vibration amplification of shell, and small vibration displacement is enlarged into big vibration
Displacement, realizes acoustic impedance conversion.Enlarger geomery parameter is matched with vestibule size, in order to be installed in hole
In chamber.Enlarger is connected with vestibule by modes such as Nian Jie, riveting, screws.Note that, if this structure is used for thing under water
Body is stealthy, and one layer of sonar rubber is added on the outside of prestressing force impedance transform layer, and waterproof sealing is played a part of with to structure.
Wherein prestressed net compartment is located between prestressing force impedance transform layer and internal supporting shell, has the cycle special by multilayer
Property structure sheaf composition, each structure sheaf forms by three-dimensional unit cell periodic arrangement, three-dimensional unit cell using Fig. 5 or Fig. 6 configuration,
Connected with string or spring between unit cell interior joint.White nodes are located on hexahedral six faces respectively in figure, dark node position
In hexahedral inner, grayed-out nodes are on hexahedral four angle points.If using three-dimensional unit cell configuration as shown in Figure 6,
It is required that white nodes are located at the position of form center in each face.In prestressed net compartment between adjacent unit cell, each other by unit cell surface or
Node on angle point is connected.From the outside of prestressed net compartment to inner side, the topology of string or spring couples pattern in every layer of unit cell
Identical, as shown in Figure 5 or Figure 6, but radial dimension successively decreases according to gradient, and unit cell is gradually crushed, as shown in Fig. 12.Meanwhile,
, also with change in size, its length is shorter, and rigidity is smaller, and line density is bigger for the rigidity and line density of string or spring in unit cell.
Prestressed net compartment, outside exports the node on shell and is connected with prestressing force impedance transform layer by displacement amplifying mechanism, inner side
It is connected with internal supporting shell further through the node in its unit cell.
Wherein damping material packed layer, for filling the space in prestressed net compartment, damping material is chosen as foam, hair
The sound-absorbing porous materials such as felt, rubber, polyurethane, gel, are mainly used in medium-high frequency sound absorption.
Wherein internal supporting shell is located at prestressed net compartment inner side, is made up of metal, duroplasts or composite etc.
Shell, for carrying, is hidden the inside that object is located in internal supporting shell, as shown in Figure 1.
Three-dimensional Sound stealth cape structure of the invention, can control the propagation path of sound wave, and realization is hidden object Sound stealth.
The sound wave that sound source is transmitted is transmitted to prestressed net compartment, then by prestressing force impedance transform layer after amplifying through displacement amplifying mechanism
Sequentially inwardly propagated along the string or spring in prestressed net compartment, and gradually change the direction of propagation, around internal supporting shell and
It is hidden object to spread out of, so as to realize that sound wave is stealthy.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is three-dimensional Sound stealth cape structure.
Fig. 2 is prestressing force impedance transform layer partial enlargement front view.
Fig. 3 is prestressing force impedance transform layer close-up top view.
Fig. 4 is prestressing force impedance transform layer partial enlargement upward view.
Fig. 5 is a kind of three-dimensional unit cell configuration in prestressed net compartment.
Fig. 6 is a kind of three-dimensional unit cell configuration in prestressed net compartment.
In figure：1 prestressing force impedance transform layer；2 prestressed net compartments；3 inside supporting shells；In 4 prestressed net compartments
A unit cell；5 are hidden object；The input shell of 6 displacement amplifying mechanisms；The bar enlarger of 7 displacement six；8 prestressing force
Impedance transform layer matrix；The output shell of 9 displacement amplifying mechanisms；10 displacement amplifying mechanisms export shell and prestressed net compartment
Connecting node；The node on hexahedron angle point is located in 11 three-dimensional unit cells；It is located on hexahedron surface in 12 three-dimensional unit cells
Node；The node of hexahedral inner is located in 13 three-dimensional unit cells；String or spring between 14 three-dimensional unit cell interior joints.
Specific embodiment
It is different due to being hidden dimension of object, it is desirable to which that stealthy frequency of sound wave scope is different, three dimensional sound disclosed by the invention
Stealthy cape structural parameters will be varied from.Carried out in detail just for an instantiation, combination technology scheme and accompanying drawing below
Narration.
Embodiment：Three-dimensional Sound stealth cape structure in water, it is spheroid of the diameter equal to 2m in water to be hidden object, and frequency is low
In 2000HZ.
Prestressing force impedance transform layer is the shell 1 being made of metal, and thickness 25mm has spacing and size identical side above
Hole.Square hole size is less than 100mm*100mm, and adjacent square hole center is smaller than 120mm, and vestibule is prismatic, vestibule depth
25mm.Displacement amplifying mechanism is installed, displacement amplifying mechanism dimensional parameters are matched with vestibule, as shown in Figure 2 in vestibule.Enlarger
Input shell 6 and output shell 9 be each made of a metal, thickness be less than 5mm.Six bar enlargers 7 are made of metal, radial ruler
It is very little less than 20mm, be connected with the side wall of input shell 6, output shell 9 and enlarger by flexible hinge.Wherein enlarger
Two hinges on the wall of structure side are near input shell 6.The input shell 6 and output shell 9 of six bar enlargers 7 have predeformation,
Six bars apply prestressing force when assembling to it.Then, prestressed displacement amplifying mechanism will is arranged on the matrix of impedance transform layer 1
Inside vestibule.Enlarger is connected with vestibule by Nian Jie mode.
Wherein prestressed net compartment 2 has 10 structure sheafs, and every layer is formed by hexahedron unit cell periodic arrangement, as shown in Figure 1.
Unit cell uses configuration as shown in Figure 5, wherein 6 white nodes 12 are located on hexahedral six faces respectively, 4 dark nodes
13 are located at hexahedral inner, and 4 grayed-out nodes 11 are located on hexahedral four angle points, are connected with string between unit cell interior joint.
Ground floor and last a layer thickness in prestressed net compartment are respectively 50mm and 10mm, and intermediate layer thickness successively decreases.That is
The radial dimension of unit cell, from ground floor to last layer, is decremented to 10mm from 50mm successively, and unit cell is gradually crushed, in such as Fig. 1
Shown in 2.Meanwhile, with unit cell change in shape, size is also with changing proportionally for string in unit cell.String or spring in unit cell
, also with change in size, its length is shorter, and rigidity is smaller, and line density is bigger for rigidity and line density.Prestressed net compartment gross thickness
It is 300mm.
Wherein damping material packed layer is sound-absorbing porous material, is used to fill the space in prestressed net compartment 2.
Wherein internal supporting shell 3 is the shell being made of metal, thickness 10mm, by node and prestressed net in unit cell
Compartment 2 is connected, as shown in Figure 1.
This example is stealthy for immersed body, so add one layer of sonar rubber on the outside of prestressing force impedance transform layer, with right
This structure plays a part of waterproof sealing.Three-dimensional Sound stealth cape total structure thickness is less than 340mm in water in this example.If
Part makes fine, can significantly reduce the size of this structure.
The present invention discloses a kind of new broadband Sound stealth structure by structure design --- a kind of three-dimensional Sound stealth cape
Structure, up to now, both at home and abroad there is not yet the research report of such sound absorption structure, document or patent.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of three-dimensional Sound stealth cape structure, it is characterized in that：Including prestressing force impedance transform layer, prestressed net compartment, damping
Material packed layer and internal supporting shell；
Prestressing force impedance transform layer has installs displacement amplifying mechanism in equidistant and size identical hole, vestibule, enlarger will
Small vibration displacement is enlarged into big vibration displacement, realizes that acoustic impedance is converted；
Prestressed net compartment is located between prestressing force impedance transform layer and internal supporting shell, has the structure of cyclophysis by multilayer
Layer composition；Each structure sheaf is formed by three-dimensional unit cell periodic arrangement, is connected with string or spring between three-dimensional unit cell interior joint；
Damping material packed layer, for filling the space in prestressed net compartment, realizes that medium-high frequency absorbs sound；
Internal supporting shell, positioned at prestressed net compartment inner side, for carrying, is hidden object and is located in the interior of internal supporting shell
Portion；
Prestressed net compartment outside exports the node on shell and is connected with prestressing force impedance transform layer by displacement amplifying mechanism, interior
Side is connected by the node in its unit cell with internal supporting shell.
2. a kind of three-dimensional Sound stealth cape structure as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that：Prestressing force impedance transform layer is by gold
The shell that category, duroplasts or composite are made；The hole of prestressing force impedance transform layer is square hole, circular hole or elliptical aperture；Vestibule is
Uiform section or variable cross-section, area of section is gradually reduced from outside to inner side during using variable cross-section.
3. a kind of three-dimensional Sound stealth cape structure as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that：In prestressing force impedance transform layer vestibule
Prestressing force displacement amplifying mechanism, by prestressing force realize can hold dead load.
4. a kind of three-dimensional Sound stealth cape structure as described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterized in that：The prestressing force position for being used
Enlarger is moved, is made up of input shell, six bar enlargers and output shell；Input shell and output shell are put by six bars
Great institutions apply prestressing force, to carry；Six bar enlarger one end are connected by hinge with input shell, and one end passes through hinge
It is connected with output shell, also two ends pass through fixed hinged constraint on the side wall of enlarger in addition, and hinge is using common hinge
Chain or flexible hinge, the bar in six bar enlargers are bar or string.
5. a kind of three-dimensional Sound stealth cape structure as described in claim 1-3 is any, it is characterized in that：When this structure is used in water
When, one layer of sonar rubber is added on the outside of prestressing force impedance transform layer, play a part of waterproof sealing with to this structure.
6. a kind of three-dimensional Sound stealth cape structure as described in claim 1-3 is any, it is characterized in that：Described three-dimensional unit cell structure
Type structure is the one kind in following two kinds：
(1) the first three-dimensional unit cell configuration：Connected with string or spring between structure unit cell interior joint, wherein 6 white nodes point
Wei Yu not be on hexahedral six faces, 4 dark nodes are located at hexahedral inner, and 4 grayed-out nodes are located at hexahedral four
On angle point；In prestressed net compartment between adjacent unit cell, it is connected with the node on angle point each other by unit cell surface；
(2) second three-dimensional unit cell configuration：Connected with string or spring between unit cell interior joint, wherein 6 white nodes difference positions
In six position of form center in face of hexahedron, 8 dark nodes are located at hexahedral inner；In prestressed net compartment adjacent unit cell it
Between, the node each other by unit cell surface is connected.
7. a kind of three-dimensional Sound stealth cape structure as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that：Described three-dimensional unit cell configuration
It is the one kind in following two kinds：
(1) the first three-dimensional unit cell configuration：Connected with string or spring between structure unit cell interior joint, wherein 6 white nodes point
Wei Yu not be on hexahedral six faces, 4 dark nodes are located at hexahedral inner, and 4 grayed-out nodes are located at hexahedral four
On angle point；In prestressed net compartment between adjacent unit cell, it is connected with the node on angle point each other by unit cell surface；
(2) second three-dimensional unit cell configuration：Connected with string or spring between unit cell interior joint, wherein 6 white nodes difference positions
In six position of form center in face of hexahedron, 8 dark nodes are located at hexahedral inner；In prestressed net compartment adjacent unit cell it
Between, the node each other by unit cell surface is connected.
8. a kind of three-dimensional Sound stealth cape structure as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that：Described three-dimensional unit cell configuration
It is the one kind in following two kinds：
(1) the first three-dimensional unit cell configuration：Connected with string or spring between structure unit cell interior joint, wherein 6 white nodes point
Wei Yu not be on hexahedral six faces, 4 dark nodes are located at hexahedral inner, and 4 grayed-out nodes are located at hexahedral four
On angle point；In prestressed net compartment between adjacent unit cell, it is connected with the node on angle point each other by unit cell surface；
(2) second three-dimensional unit cell configuration：Connected with string or spring between unit cell interior joint, wherein 6 white nodes difference positions
In six position of form center in face of hexahedron, 8 dark nodes are located at hexahedral inner；In prestressed net compartment adjacent unit cell it
Between, the node each other by unit cell surface is connected.
9. a kind of three-dimensional Sound stealth cape structure as described in claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 7 or 8, it is characterized in that：Prestressing force grid
The topology connection pattern of string or spring is identical in every layer of unit cell in layer, but from the outside of prestressed net compartment to inner side, unit cell footpath
Successively successively decrease to size, unit cell is gradually crushed, meanwhile, the rigidity and line density of string or spring in unit cell are also as size becomes
Change, its length is shorter, and rigidity is smaller, and line density is bigger.
10. a kind of three-dimensional Sound stealth cape structure as described in claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 7 or 8, it is characterized in that：Damping material
Packed layer, for filling the space in prestressed net compartment, damping material elects sound-absorbing porous material as, is foam, felt, rubber
Glue, polyurethane, gel or multiple punching plate, for medium-high frequency sound absorption.
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