CN104460133A - 液晶显示器 - Google Patents

液晶显示器 Download PDF

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CN104460133A
CN104460133A CN201410802522.3A CN201410802522A CN104460133A CN 104460133 A CN104460133 A CN 104460133A CN 201410802522 A CN201410802522 A CN 201410802522A CN 104460133 A CN104460133 A CN 104460133A
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liquid crystal
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CN104460133B (zh
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陈政鸿
廖作敏
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TCL China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Shenzhen China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to US14/417,617 priority patent/US10156758B2/en
Priority to PCT/CN2015/071116 priority patent/WO2016095315A1/zh
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
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    • G02F1/1343Electrodes
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
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    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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    • G02F1/1362Active matrix addressed cells
    • G02F1/13624Active matrix addressed cells having more than one switching element per pixel
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    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
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    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/136Liquid crystal cells structurally associated with a semi-conducting layer or substrate, e.g. cells forming part of an integrated circuit
    • G02F1/1362Active matrix addressed cells
    • G02F1/136286Wiring, e.g. gate line, drain line
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    • G02OPTICS
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    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/136Liquid crystal cells structurally associated with a semi-conducting layer or substrate, e.g. cells forming part of an integrated circuit
    • G02F1/1362Active matrix addressed cells
    • G02F1/1368Active matrix addressed cells in which the switching element is a three-electrode device
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/34Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
    • G09G3/36Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
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    • G09G3/3648Control of matrices with row and column drivers using an active matrix
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
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    • G02F1/134309Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
    • G02F1/134345Subdivided pixels, e.g. for grey scale or redundancy
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    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
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    • G09G2300/00Aspects of the constitution of display devices
    • G09G2300/04Structural and physical details of display devices
    • G09G2300/0439Pixel structures
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2320/00Control of display operating conditions
    • G09G2320/02Improving the quality of display appearance
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Abstract

本发明提出了一种对液晶子像素进行了改进的液晶显示器,属于液晶显示技术领域。在所述液晶显示器中,至少一个液晶子像素包括第一分子像素、第二分子像素和第三分子像素,并且其中所述第一分子像素、第二分子像素和第三分子像素分别包括与之相对应的第一薄膜晶体管和第一分子像素电极、第二薄膜晶体管和第二分子像素电极,以及第三薄膜晶体管和第三分子像素电极。如此将一个子像素分开成多个不同的分子像素,有助于灵活控制该子像素所对应的液晶的取向,从而降低不同视角所观测到的显示画面的差异。

Description

液晶显示器
技术领域
本发明涉及液晶显示技术领域,尤其涉及一种对液晶子像素进行了改进的液晶显示器。
背景技术
液晶显示是一种被动的显示,它不能发光,只能使用周围环境的光。它显示图案或字符只需很小能量。正因为低功耗和小型化使液晶显示器(LCD)成为较佳的显示方式。
液晶显示所用的液晶材料是一种兼有液态和固态双重性质的有机物,它的棒状结构在液晶盒内一般平行排列,但在电场作用下能改变其排列方向。对于正性扭曲向列型液晶显示器(TN-LCD)而言,当未加电压到电极时,液晶显示器(LCD)处于“闭合”态,光能透过液晶显示器(LCD),呈白态;当在电极上加上电压时,液晶显示器(LCD)处于“打开”态,液晶分子长轴方向沿电场方向排列,光不能透过液晶显示器(LCD),呈黑态。有选择地在电极上施加电压,就可以显示出不同的图案。对于超扭曲向列型液晶显示器(STN-LCD)而言,液晶的扭曲角更大,所以对比度更好,视角更宽。
液晶显示器包括一个由上下两片导电玻璃制成的液晶盒,盒内充有液晶,四周用密封材料——胶框(一般为环氧树脂)密封,盒的两个外侧贴有偏光片。
液晶盒中上下玻璃片之间的间隔,即通常所说的盒厚,一般为几个微米(人的准确性直径为几十微米)。上下玻璃片内侧,对应显示图形部分,镀有透明的氧化铟锡(简称ITO)导电薄膜,即显示电极。电极的作用主要是使外部电信号通过其加到液晶上去。
液晶盒中玻璃片内侧的整个显示区覆盖着一层定向层。定向层的作用是使液晶分子按特定的方向排列,这个定向层通常是一薄层高分子有机物,并经摩擦处理;也可以通过在玻璃表面以一定角度用真空蒸镀氧化硅薄膜来制备。
在扭曲向列型(TN型)液晶显示器中充有正性向列型液晶。液晶分子的定向就是使长棒型的液晶分子平行于玻璃表面沿一个固定方向排列,分子长轴的方向沿着定向处理的方向。上下玻璃表面的定向方向是相互垂直的,这样,在垂直于玻璃片表面的方向,盒内液晶分子的取向逐渐扭曲,从上玻璃片到下玻璃片扭曲了90°,这就是扭曲向列型液晶显示器名称的由来。
实际上,靠近玻璃表面的液晶分子并不完全平行于玻璃表面,而是与其成一定的角度,这个角度称为预倾角,一般为1°至2°。
液晶盒中玻璃片的两个外侧分别设置有偏光片,这两片偏光片的偏光轴相互平行(黑底白字的常黑型)或相互正交(白底黑字的常白型),且与液晶盒表面定向方向相互平行或垂直。偏光片一般是将高分子塑料薄膜在一定的工艺条件下进行加工而成的。
因为液晶显示的内在因素,在显示器的不同位置所观察到的图像始终会存在差异。这就会导致在正视角下观察到的正常的图片在大视角的情况下会显示不正常,这就是大视角色偏问题。因此,在现有技术中,一般采用图1所示的结构,即:将一个子像素分为主子像素1和次子像素2两部分,在某一特定灰阶下,对主子像素1和次子像素2两部分分别施加不同电位。这样在同一灰阶下有两种液晶分子的排列方向,在大视角和正视角下的亮度差异就可以比较小。目前厂商基本采用这种子像素设计,但是,该设计改善效果受到限制,为了获得更好的大视角显示品质,本发明提出了新的设计。
发明内容
为了获得更好的大视角显示品质,本发明提出了一种对液晶子像素进行了改进的液晶显示器。
在实施方案1中,在所述液晶显示器中,至少一个液晶子像素包括第一分子像素、第二分子像素和第三分子像素,并且其中所述第一分子像素、第二分子像素和第三分子像素分别包括与之相对应的第一薄膜晶体管和第一分子像素电极、第二薄膜晶体管和第二分子像素电极,以及第三薄膜晶体管和第三分子像素电极。如此将一个子像素分开成多个不同的分子像素,有助于灵活控制该子像素所对应的液晶的取向,从而降低不同视角所观测到的显示画面的差异。
在根据实施方案1所改进的实施方案2中,所述第一分子像素电极分配有第一电压,所述第二分子像素电极分配有第二电压,所述第三分子像素电极分配有第三电压,其中所述第一电压、第二电压和第三电压相互不相等。如此地,由于不同的电压作用在不同的分子像素电极上,在一个液晶子像素中,每个分子像素所对应的液晶的偏转角度都与其它的分子像素所对应的液晶不同,因此在一个子像素中,透过液晶的光具有多种不同的状态(例如在光强度、偏振角等方面),在不同的视角下观测显示画面,其视觉效果的差别不会很显著,有效提高了大视角下的显示品质。
在根据实施方案2所改进的实施方案3中,所述第三电压为所述第一电压的40%-65%。在电压如此取值的情况下,显示效果最佳。随着视角的变化,显示器的显示画面过度自然,很大程度上削减了大视角下显示画面不正常的缺陷。
在根据实施方案2或3所改进的实施方案4中,所述第二电压为所述第一电压的60%-80%。在电压如此取值的情况下,显示效果最佳。随着视角的变化,显示器的显示画面过度自然,很大程度上削减了大视角下显示画面不正常的缺陷。
在根据实施方案2、3或4所改进的实施方案5中,所述第一电压>所述第二电压>所述第三电压。如此设置对于像素信号的写入效率而言是最佳的,同时也有利于线路设计。
在根据实施方案1到5中任一个所改进的实施方案6中,所述液晶显示器还包括用于控制第一薄膜晶体管的第一门极引线、用于控制第二薄膜晶体管的第二门极引线和用于控制第三薄膜晶体管的第三门极引线。
在根据实施方案1到6中任一个所改进的实施方案7中,所述液晶显示器还包括用于对第一分子像素电极、第二分子像素电极和第三分子像素电极施加电压的数据线。
门极引线用于控制与其相应的薄膜晶体管的通断,当门极引线向薄膜晶体管引入特定电压时,薄膜晶体管将相应的分子像素电极与数据线导通,数据线将相应的电压引入到该分子像素电极上。以此方式完成不同电压的写入。
在根据实施方案1到7中任一个所改进的实施方案8中,所述第一分子像素处于相应液晶子像素的上部,所述第二分子像素处于相应液晶子像素的中部,所述第三分子像素处于相应液晶子像素的下部。
在根据实施方案1到7中任一个所改进的实施方案9中,所述第一分子像素处于相应液晶子像素的中部,所述第二分子像素处于相应液晶子像素的下部,所述第三分子像素处于相应液晶子像素的上部。
在根据实施方案1到7中任一个所改进的实施方案10中,所述第一分子像素处于相应液晶子像素的下部,所述第二分子像素处于相应液晶子像素的上部,所述第三分子像素处于相应液晶子像素的中部。
可见根据本发明的液晶子像素,其不同的分子像素的位置可以根据工艺需求自由排布,工艺灵活度高,对不同情况的适应性较强。
根据本发明的液晶显示器,通过在一个液晶子像素中设置不同分子像素,并为不同的分子像素施加具有特定比例关系的电压值,以影响液晶的取向,大大改善了大视角下的显示画面,提高了液晶显示器的整体显示品质。
上述技术特征可以各种技术上可行的方式组合以产生新的实施方案,只要能够实现本发明的目的。
附图说明
在下文中将基于仅为非限定性的实施例并参考附图来对本发明进行更详细的描述。其中:
图1显示了现有技术中的液晶显示器的子像素设计;
图2显示了根据本发明的液晶显示器的子像素设计。
在图中,相同的构件由相同的附图标记标示。附图并未按照实际的比例绘制。
具体实施方式
下面将参照附图来详细地介绍本发明。
参照图2,本发明提出了一种液晶显示器,其中,至少一个液晶子像素包括第一分子像素301、第二分子像素302和第三分子像素303,并且其中所述第一分子像素301、第二分子像素302和第三分子像素303分别包括与之相对应的第一薄膜晶体管201和第一分子像素电极、第二薄膜晶体管202和第二分子像素电极,以及第三薄膜晶体管203和第三分子像素电极。
其中,第一分子像素电极分配有第一电压Va,第二分子像素电极分配有第二电压Vb,第三分子像素电极分配有第三电压Vc,其中所述第一电压Va、第二电压Vb和第三电压Vc相互不相等。如此地,由于不同的电压作用在不同的分子像素电极上,在一个液晶子像素中,每个分子像素所对应的液晶的偏转角度都与其它的分子像素所对应的液晶不同,因此在一个子像素中,透过液晶的光具有多种不同的状态(例如光强度、偏振角等),在不同的视角下观测显示画面,其视觉效果的差别不会很显著,有效提高了大视角下的显示品质。
优选地,第三电压Vc为第一电压Va的40%-65%;第二电压Vb为第一电压Va的60%-80%。在电压如此取值的情况下,显示效果最佳。随着视角的变化,显示器的显示画面过度自然,很大程度上削减了大视角下显示画面不正常的缺陷。
在一个实施例中,所述第一电压Va>所述第二电压Vb>所述第三电压Vc。如此设置对于像素信号的写入效率而言是最佳的,同时也有利于线路设计。
上面所述电压比例关系既可以成立于低灰阶电压范围下,又可成立于中灰阶电压范围下,也可成立于高灰阶电压范围下。
参照图2,根据本发明的液晶显示器还包括用于控制第一薄膜晶体管201的第一门极引线100、用于控制第二薄膜晶体管202的第二门极引线101和用于控制第三薄膜晶体管203的第三门极引线102。根据本发明的液晶显示器还包括用于对第一分子像素电极、第二分子像素电极和第三分子像素电极施加电压的数据线103。
其中第一门极引线100用于控制第一薄膜晶体管201的通断,当第一门极引线100向第一薄膜晶体管201引入特定电压时,第一薄膜晶体管201将第一分子像素电极与数据线103导通,数据线103将第一电压Va引入到第一分子像素电极上。
第二门极引线101用于控制第二薄膜晶体管202的通断,当第二门极引线101向第二薄膜晶体管202引入特定电压时,第二薄膜晶体管202将第二分子像素电极与数据线103导通,数据线103将第二电压Vb引入到第二分子像素电极上。
第三门极引线102用于控制第三薄膜晶体管203的通断,当第三门极引线102向第三薄膜晶体管203引入特定电压时,第三薄膜晶体管203将第三分子像素电极与数据线103导通,数据线103将第三电压Vc引入到第三分子像素电极上。
关于第一分子像素301、第二分子像素302和第三分子像素303的位置设计,可做如下排布:
第一分子像素301可以位于液晶子像素的上部,也可以位于液晶子像素的中部,也可以位于液晶子像素的下部。
第二分子像素302可以位于液晶子像素的上部,也可以位于液晶子像素的中部,也可以位于液晶子像素的下部。
第三分子像素303可以位于液晶子像素的上部,也可以位于液晶子像素的中部,也可以位于液晶子像素的下部。
可见根据本发明的液晶子像素,其不同的分子像素可以根据工艺需求自由排布,工艺灵活度高,对不同情况的适应性较强。
根据本发明的液晶显示器,通过在一个液晶子像素中设置不同的分子像素,并为不同的分子像素施加具有特定比例关系的电压值,以影响液晶的取向,大大改善了大视角下的显示画面,提高了液晶显示器的整体显示品质。
虽然已经参考优选实施例对本发明进行了描述,但在不脱离本发明的范围的情况下,可以对其进行各种改进并且可以用等效物替换其中的部件。本发明并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例,而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。

Claims (10)

1.一种液晶显示器,其特征在于,至少一个液晶子像素包括第一分子像素、第二分子像素和第三分子像素,并且其中所述第一分子像素、第二分子像素和第三分子像素分别包括与之相对应的第一薄膜晶体管和第一分子像素电极、第二薄膜晶体管和第二分子像素电极,以及第三薄膜晶体管和第三分子像素电极。
2.根据权利要求1所述的液晶显示器,其特征在于,所述第一分子像素电极分配有第一电压,所述第二分子像素电极分配有第二电压,所述第三分子像素电极分配有第三电压,其中所述第一电压、第二电压和第三电压相互不相等。
3.根据权利要求2所述的液晶显示器,其特征在于,所述第三电压为所述第一电压的40%-65%。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的液晶显示器,其特征在于,所述第二电压为所述第一电压的60%-80%。
5.根据权利要求2所述的液晶显示器,其特征在于,所述第一电压>所述第二电压>所述第三电压。
6.根据权利要求1所述的液晶显示器,其特征在于,还包括用于控制所述第一薄膜晶体管的第一门极引线、用于控制所述第二薄膜晶体管的第二门极引线和用于控制所述第三薄膜晶体管的第三门极引线。
7.根据权利要求1所述的液晶显示器,其特征在于,还包括用于对所述第一分子像素电极、所述第二分子像素电极和所述第三分子像素电极施加电压的数据线。
8.根据权利要求1所述的液晶显示器,其特征在于,所述第一分子像素处于相应液晶子像素的上部,所述第二分子像素处于相应液晶子像素的中部,所述第三分子像素处于相应液晶子像素的下部。
9.根据权利要求1所述的液晶显示器,其特征在于,所述第一分子像素处于相应液晶子像素的中部,所述第二分子像素处于相应液晶子像素的下部,所述第三分子像素处于相应液晶子像素的上部。
10.根据权利要求1所述的液晶显示器,其特征在于,所述第一分子像素处于相应液晶子像素的下部,所述第二分子像素处于相应液晶子像素的上部,所述第三分子像素处于相应液晶子像素的中部。
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