CN104459891A - 光学梳状滤波器 - Google Patents

光学梳状滤波器 Download PDF

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CN104459891A
CN104459891A CN201410828912.8A CN201410828912A CN104459891A CN 104459891 A CN104459891 A CN 104459891A CN 201410828912 A CN201410828912 A CN 201410828912A CN 104459891 A CN104459891 A CN 104459891A
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cavity
transparent solid
solid block
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optical
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黄曙亮
华一敏
李连城
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O Net Technologies Shenzhen Group Co Ltd
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O Net Communications Shenzhen Ltd
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Priority to CN201410828912.8A priority Critical patent/CN104459891A/zh
Priority to EP15871494.9A priority patent/EP3153900A4/en
Priority to PCT/CN2015/074287 priority patent/WO2016101416A1/zh
Priority to US15/303,524 priority patent/US10281650B2/en
Publication of CN104459891A publication Critical patent/CN104459891A/zh
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
    • G02B6/29331—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by evanescent wave coupling
    • G02B6/29335—Evanescent coupling to a resonator cavity, i.e. between a waveguide mode and a resonant mode of the cavity
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
    • G02B6/29346—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by wave or beam interference
    • G02B6/29358—Multiple beam interferometer external to a light guide, e.g. Fabry-Pérot, etalon, VIPA plate, OTDL plate, continuous interferometer, parallel plate resonator
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/20—Filters
    • G02B5/28—Interference filters
    • G02B5/285—Interference filters comprising deposited thin solid films
    • G02B5/288—Interference filters comprising deposited thin solid films comprising at least one thin film resonant cavity, e.g. in bandpass filters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
    • G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
    • G02B6/4204—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details the coupling comprising intermediate optical elements, e.g. lenses, holograms
    • G02B6/421—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details the coupling comprising intermediate optical elements, e.g. lenses, holograms the intermediate optical component consisting of a short length of fibre, e.g. fibre stub
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
    • G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
    • G02B6/4204—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details the coupling comprising intermediate optical elements, e.g. lenses, holograms
    • G02B6/4215—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details the coupling comprising intermediate optical elements, e.g. lenses, holograms the intermediate optical elements being wavelength selective optical elements, e.g. variable wavelength optical modules or wavelength lockers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
    • H04J14/02—Wavelength-division multiplex systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B9/00—Measuring instruments characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B9/02—Interferometers
    • G01B9/02001—Interferometers characterised by controlling or generating intrinsic radiation properties
    • G01B9/02007—Two or more frequencies or sources used for interferometric measurement
    • G01B9/02008—Two or more frequencies or sources used for interferometric measurement by using a frequency comb
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
    • G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
    • G02B1/11—Anti-reflection coatings
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
    • G02B26/001—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements based on interference in an adjustable optical cavity
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
    • G02B26/004—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements based on a displacement or a deformation of a fluid
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/20—Filters
    • G02B5/28—Interference filters
    • G02B5/284—Interference filters of etalon type comprising a resonant cavity other than a thin solid film, e.g. gas, air, solid plates
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
    • G02B6/29346—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by wave or beam interference
    • G02B6/29349—Michelson or Michelson/Gires-Tournois configuration, i.e. based on splitting and interferometrically combining relatively delayed signals at a single beamsplitter
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
    • G02B6/29346—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by wave or beam interference
    • G02B6/29361—Interference filters, e.g. multilayer coatings, thin film filters, dichroic splitters or mirrors based on multilayers, WDM filters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2203/00—Function characteristic
    • G02F2203/54—Optical pulse train (comb) synthesizer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2203/00—Function characteristic
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Abstract

本发明提供一种光学梳状滤波器，包括输入输出准直器、输出准直器、分光镜、第一、二、三GT谐振腔，GT谐振腔包括镀有膜层的透明固体块以及间隔部，其中一透明固体块上设置通孔，且透明固体块与间隔部形成一空腔；实现插损曲线矩型化、带宽利用率高。

Description

光学梳状滤波器
技术领域
本发明涉及光通讯器件技术领域，特别是涉及对光信号进行滤波的GT腔干涉型滤波器的改进。
背景技术
随着信息通信的迅猛发展，语音、图像、数据的信息交流的日益增加。尤其是因特网的广泛应用，人们对宽带通信提出了更高的要求。为了在尽可能短的时间内，能够以低成本、高质量的系统满则人们对宽带通信的需求，波分复用(WDM)技术被广泛应用。
提高光纤传输容量的另一途径是进一步减小信道间隔。目前，根据国际通信联盟(ITU)的规定，信道的间隔都在100Hz或200Hz，若想要对原系统进行低价扩容，人们首选光学梳状滤波器，因为它可以再不改变原有设备和系统的基础上，通过改变信道间隔的方法来进行。现有光学梳状滤波器，是将一路多波长光信号分成两路，一路包括奇数路波长，另一路包含偶数路波长，信道间隔变为原来的两倍。目前，MGTI型梳状滤波器由于其成本低，工艺成熟而得到广泛应用。而该种MGTI型的光学梳状滤波器通常采用GT腔结构实现平顶化，但通道带宽小，带宽利用率较低。
发明内容
本发明提供一种插损曲线矩型化、带宽利用率高的光学梳状滤波器。
为了实现所述目的，本发明提供一种光学梳状滤波器，包括输入输出准直器(50)、输出准直器(60)、分光镜(10)、第一GT谐振腔(20)、第二GT谐振腔(30)、第三GT谐振腔(40)，第一GT谐振腔(20)包括镀有反射膜层(201f、202f)的透明固体块(201、202)以及间隔部(211、212)，其中透明固体块(202)上设置通孔(202a)，且透明固体块(201、202)与间隔部(211、212)形成一空腔(221)；第二GT谐振腔(30)包括镀有反射膜层(301f)的透明固体块(301)、镀制在分光器(10)表面的反射膜层(100f)以及间隔部(311、312)，其中透明固体块(301)上设置通孔(301a)，且透明固体块(301)、分光器10与间隔部(311、312)形成一空腔(321)；第三GT谐振腔(40)包括镀有反射膜层(402f)的透明固体块(402)、镀制在透明固体块(301)另一表面的反射膜层(401f)以及间隔部(411、412)，其中透明固体块(402)上设置通孔(402a)，且透明固体块(301、402)与间隔部(411、412)形成一空腔(421)。
其中，优选实施方式为：分光器上镀制50:50分光比的薄膜。
其中，优选实施方式为：第一GT腔(20)的反射膜层(202f)为高反膜层，反射膜层(201f)为部分反射膜层。
其中，优选实施方式为：第二GT腔(30)的膜层(100f、301f)均为增透膜层。
其中，优选实施方式为：第三GT腔(40)的膜层(402f)为高反射膜层，膜层(401f)为部分反射膜层。
其中，优选实施方式为：输入输出准直器设置为光纤准直器。
其中，优选实施方式为：输出准直器设置为光纤准直器。
其中，优选实施方式为：第三GT腔(40)包括的空腔(421)的光程与第一GT腔(20)包括的空腔(212)的光程相同，且同为第二GT腔(30)包括的空腔(312)光程的两倍。
其中，优选实施方式为：当选择信道间隔为100GHz时，第三GT腔(40)包括的空腔(421)的光程与第一GT腔(20)包括的空腔(212)的光程为3mm，第二GT腔(30)包括的空腔(312)光程为1.5mm。
实施本发明的光学梳状滤波器，具有以下有益效果：1.透明固体块201和透明固定块301的材料与厚度相同，实现温度补偿；2.通过通孔201a、301a和402a对空腔221、321、421进行补充和释放气体，方便快捷的调节谐振腔内的压强，以达到调节光程的目的；3.第二GT谐振腔30和第三GT谐振腔40组成复合GT腔结构，实现插损曲线矩型化，提高带宽利用率。
附图说明
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明的结构进一步说明。
图1为本发明的梳状滤波器的整体结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明具有低色散的光学梳状滤波器的工作原理做进一步说明。
如图1所示，本发明提供一种光学滤波器，包括
(1)分光器10，所述分光器10采用石英或其它光学玻璃作基底，并在基底上镀制50:50分光比的薄膜；
(2)第一GT谐振腔20，包括透明固体块201、202以及用于隔开透明固体块201和202的间隔部211和212，其中透明固体块201、202和间隔部211、212形成空腔221。
其中，透明固体块202上设置通孔202a，该通孔202a连通空腔221，通过通孔202a对空腔221进行补充或释放气体，以控制空腔221的气体压强。
其中，透明固体块201、202相对的表面上均镀有膜层201f和202f，膜层201f为部分反射膜层，膜层202f为高反膜层。透明固体块201、202例如为玻璃块。
第一GT腔20置于分光器10的反射光的一侧。
(3)第二GT谐振腔30，包括透明固体块301以及用于隔开透明固体块301和分光器10的间隔部311和312，其中透明固体块301和间隔部311、312形成空腔321。且空腔321的光程为空腔212光程的1/2。
其中，透明固体块301上设置通孔301a，该通孔301a连通空腔321，通过通孔301a对空腔321进行补充或释放气体，以控制空腔321的气体压强。
其中，分光器10和透明固体块301相对的表面上均镀有膜层100f和301f，其膜层100f和301f均为增透膜层。透明固体块301例如为玻璃块。且透明固体块301与透明固体块201的材料和厚度均相同。
第二GT腔30置于分光器10的透射光的一侧。
(4)第三GT谐振腔40，包括透明固体块301、402以及用于隔开透明固体块301和402的间隔部411和412，其中透明固体块301、402和间隔部411、412形成空腔421。且空腔421的光程与空腔212光程相同，即同为空腔312光程的两倍。
其中，透明固体块402上设置通孔402a，该通孔402a连通空腔421，通过通孔402a对空腔421进行补充或释放气体，以控制空腔421的气体压强。
其中，透明固体块301、402相对的表面上均镀有膜层401f和402f，其膜层401f为部分反射膜层，膜层402f为高反射膜层。且透明固体块301与第二GT腔30的透明固体块301为同一透明固体块。透明固体块402例如为玻璃块。
第三GT腔40置于第二GT腔30的后面。
(5)输入输出准直器50，所述输入输出准直器50设置于所述分光器10的一侧，对输入光路的光信号进行准直后输入至分光器10中，或者对分光器10反射回的光信号进行准直后输出奇数路波长的光信号，所述输入输出准直器50采用光纤准直器。
(6)输出准直器60，所述输入输出准直器60设置于所述分光器10的另一侧，对输出光路的光信号进行准直后，输出偶数路波长的光信号，所述输出准直器60采用光纤准直器。
当选择信道间隔为100GHz时，第三GT腔(40)包括的空腔(421)的光程与第一GT腔(20)包括的空腔(212)的光程可选择为3mm，第二GT腔(30)包括的空腔(312)光程可选择为1.5mm。
实施本发明的光学梳状滤波器，具有以下有益效果：1.透明固体块201和透明固定块301的材料与厚度相同，实现温度补偿；2.通过通孔201a、301a和402a对空腔221、321、421进行补充和释放气体，方便快捷的调节谐振腔内的压强；3.第二GT谐振腔30和第三GT谐振腔40组成复合GT腔结构，实现插损曲线矩阵化，提高带宽利用率。
以上所述者,仅为本发明最佳实施例而已,并非用于限制本发明的范围,凡依本发明申请专利范围所作的等效变化或修饰,皆为本发明所涵盖。

Claims (9)

1.一种光学梳状滤波器，包括输入输出准直器(50)、输出准直器(60)、分光镜(10)、第一GT谐振腔(20)、第二GT谐振腔(30)、第三GT谐振腔(40)，其特征在于：第一GT谐振腔(20)包括镀有反射膜层(201f、202f)的透明固体块(201、202)以及间隔部(211、212)，其中透明固体块(202)上设置通孔(202a)，且透明固体块(201、202)与间隔部(211、212)形成一空腔(221)；第二GT谐振腔(30)包括镀有增透膜层(301f)的透明固体块(301)、镀制在分光器(10)表面的增透膜层(100f)以及间隔部(311、312)，其中透明固体块(301)上设置通孔(301a)，且透明固体块(301)、分光器10与间隔部(311、312)形成一空腔(321)；第三GT谐振腔(40)包括镀有反射膜层(402f)的透明固体块(402)、镀制在透明固体块(301)另一表面的反射膜层(401f)以及间隔部(411、412)，其中透明固体块(402)上设置通孔(402a)，且透明固体块(301、402)与间隔部(411、412)形成一空腔(421)。
2.如权利要求1所述光学梳状滤波器，其特征在于：第一GT腔(20)的反射膜层(202f)为高反膜层，反射膜层(201f)为部分反射膜层。
3.如权利要求2所述光学梳状滤波器，其特征在于：第二GT腔(30)的膜层(100f、301f)均为增透膜层。
4.如权利要求3所述光学梳状滤波器，其特征在于：第三GT腔(40)的膜层(402f)为高反射膜层，膜层(401f)为部分反射膜层。
5.如权利要求1所述光学梳状滤波器，其特征在于：分光器上镀制50:50分光比的薄膜。
6.如权利要求1所述光学梳状滤波器，其特征在于：输入输出准直器设置为光纤准直器。
7.如权利要求6所述光学梳状滤波器，其特征在于：输出准直器设置为光纤准直器。
8.如权利要求1所述光学梳状滤波器，其特征在于：第三GT腔(40)包括的空腔(421)的光程与第一GT腔(20)包括的空腔(212)的光程相同，且同为第二GT腔(30)包括的空腔(312)光程的两倍。
9.如权利要求8所述光学梳状滤波器，其特征在于：当选择信道间隔为100GHz时，第三GT腔(40)包括的空腔(421)的光程与第一GT腔(20)包括的空腔(212)的光程为3mm，第二GT腔(30)包括的空腔(312)光程为1.5mm。
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