CN104458734A - Method for determining reduction potential of compost and mineralized refuse - Google Patents
Method for determining reduction potential of compost and mineralized refuse Download PDFInfo
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- CN104458734A CN104458734A CN201410798484.9A CN201410798484A CN104458734A CN 104458734 A CN104458734 A CN 104458734A CN 201410798484 A CN201410798484 A CN 201410798484A CN 104458734 A CN104458734 A CN 104458734A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for determining the reduction potential of compost and mineralized refuse. The method comprises the following steps: (A) collecting and pre-treating a compost or landfill sample; (B) performing microbial reduction on the sample; (C) determining the concentration of iron in the sample, including separation and concentration determination of the iron obtained by extracting the sample by a microbial culture solution, and separation and concentration determination of the iron obtained by extracting the sample by a mixed solution of hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid; (D) calculating the contents of Fe<2+> and full Fe in the compost or landfill solid sample; and (E) determining the reduction potential of the compost and the mineral refuse. The reduction potential of the compost and the mineral refuse, determined by adopting the method, is accurate in determination result and close to the reduction capability of the compost and the mineralized refuse under the practical environment.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Solid Waste Treatment and resource technology field, be specifically related to the assay method of compost and mineralized waste reduction potentiality.
Background technology
Compost and landfill are the most frequently used biologic treating techniques of house refuse, and after compost and landfill disposal, house refuse is degraded and humify, finally reaches stable.Contain a large amount of humic matters in matured compost and mineralized waste, these soil ulmin have oxidation-reduction ability, can be oxidized pollutant in soil or reduce, final existing forms and the biological effectiveness changing pollutant.
The reducing power of pure soil ulmin can adopt the methods such as conventional titration chemistry, galvanochemistry to measure, and these methods have been tending towards ripe at present.But these methods are first soil ulmin is dissolved substantially, then adopt the reducing power of Ferric iron soil ulmin in the environment of solution.
Compost and mineralized waste are solid, wherein containing a large amount of mineral, main and these mineral of soil ulmin combine, part soil ulmin is as humin, water insoluble and alkali lye, therefore, adopting the method for traditional mensuration solubilised state soil ulmin, is the reduction potentiality that can not measure compost and mineralized waste.
The reducing power of soil ulmin is mainly undertaken characterizing by the content of wherein second order iron at present, and soil ulmin becomes ferrous amount higher ferric iron back, and its Vr is also larger.Natively contain a certain amount of iron in compost and mineralized waste, if the ferrous iron that can determine wherein available state accounts for the ratio of full iron, just can determine its reduction potentiality.In addition, also containing a large amount of microorganisms in physical environment, the reducing power of compost and mineralized waste mainly comes from the electronics of microorganism generation, if can determine compost and mineralized waste after micro-reduction wherein ferrous iron account for the content of full iron, just can the reducing power of Efficient Evaluation compost and mineralized waste.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of method measuring compost and mineralized waste reduction potentiality, by microorganism first by compost and mineralized waste reduction, and then measure the maximum reduction potentiality of compost and mineralized waste.
To achieve these goals, the assay method of compost provided by the invention or mineralized waste reduction potentiality, key step is:
A) sample collection and pre-service: gather compost or mineralized waste sample, crushed after being dried;
B) micro-reduction of sample: cultivate Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 bacterial strain, bacterium liquid is added in compost or mineralized waste, cultivates again under room temperature;
C) separated island form of iron in sample:
The separated island form of iron in nutrient solution: by centrifugal for nutrient solution potpourri and filtration, measure the Fe in filtrate
2+with full Fe content;
The separated island form of iron in solid residue: the acid mixture adding hydrochloric acid and hydrofluorite in solid residue centrifugal filtration obtained, shakes under room temperature, and centrifugal and filtration, measures Fe in filtrate
2+with full Fe content;
D) Fe in sample
2+with the calculating of full Fe: by the Fe of nutrient solution in step C and solid residue
2+be added, obtain Fe in compost or mineralized waste
2+content; Equally the full Fe of nutrient solution in step C and solid residue is added, obtains the content of compost or the full Fe of mineralized waste;
E) determination of compost or mineralized waste reduction potentiality: Fe in calculation sample
2+account for the number percent of full Fe, draw the reduction potential value of compost or mineralized waste, this value is larger, and the reduction potentiality of compost or mineralized waste are higher.
Described method, wherein, steps A) in the drying of sample for drying in the shade or adopting freeze drier drying.
Described method, wherein, steps A) middle sample comminution also mistake 100 mesh sieves.
Described method, wherein, step B) in cultivate in bacterium liquid bacterial strain concentration higher than 10
7add in compost or mineralized waste by bacterium liquid during CFU/ml, the ratio of bacterium liquid addition is solid-to-liquid ratio 1g:10 ~ 30ml.
Described method, wherein, step C) in filtration be the filter membrane of 0.45 μm.
Described method, wherein, step C) middle Fe
2+measurement adopt o-phenanthrolin colourimetry.
Described method, wherein, step C) in being measured as of full Fe first adopt oxammonium hydrochloride by Fe
3+be reduced to Fe
2+, then adopt o-phenanthrolin colorimetric method for determining Fe
2+and then determine full Fe content.
Described method, wherein, step C) in solid residue iron separated island form in, in solid residue, add the acid mixture of hydrochloric acid and hydrofluorite centrifugal and after filtering, then add acid mixture in the solid residue obtained, and then twice filtrate merging measured Fe
2+with full Fe content, the addition of acid mixture is 1g:10 ~ 15ml for the first time, and the addition of second time acid mixture is 1g:5 ~ 10ml.
Described method, wherein, step C) in the acid mixture of hydrochloric acid and hydrofluorite be by the hydrofluorite of the hydrochloric acid of 0.5M and 0.5M by volume 1:1 mix.
Advantage of the present invention is as follows:
Accurately, efficiently can measure the maximum reduction potentiality of compost and mineralized waste, and measured result is closer to the maximum reduction potentiality of compost in true environment and mineralized waste.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram that compost of the present invention and mineralized waste reduction potentiality measure.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is elaborated.
Refer to Fig. 1.The method of mensuration compost of the present invention and mineralized waste reduction potentiality, key step is:
(A) sample collection and pre-service:
Gather compost or mineralized waste sample, dry in the shade or adopt freeze drier crushed after being dried and cross 100 mesh sieves.
(B) micro-reduction of sample:
Cultivate Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 bacterial strain, when bacterial strain concentration in bacterium liquid is higher than 10
7during CFU/ml, added by bacterium liquid in compost or mineralized waste, the bacterium liquid ratio added in compost or mineralized waste is solid-to-liquid ratio 1 (g): 10 ~ 30 (ml), cultivates 24 ~ 48 hours again under room temperature.
(C) separated island form of iron in sample:
The separated island form of iron in nutrient solution: by centrifugal for nutrient solution potpourri, the filter membrane of 0.45 μm crossed by supernatant, measures wherein Fe
2+with full Fe content;
The separated island form of iron in solid residue: the centrifugal solid residue obtained is joined in the acid mixture of hydrochloric acid, hydrofluorite, the addition of acid mixture is 1 (g): 10 ~ 15 (ml), shake under room temperature after 2 ~ 8 hours, centrifugal and collect filtrate and residue, the acid mixture of hydrochloric acid and hydrofluorite is added again in residue, the addition of second time acid mixture is 1 (g): 5 ~ 10 (ml), after shaking 1 ~ 2 hour again under room temperature, centrifugal and by supernatant with first time centrifugal gained supernatant admixed together, cross the filter membrane of 0.45 μm, measure Fe in filtrate
2+with full Fe content.Acid mixture is made by the hydrofluorite 1:1 mixing by volume of the hydrochloric acid of 0.5M and 0.5M.
Fe
2+measure and adopt o-phenanthrolin colourimetry, the measurement that full Fe measures first adopts oxammonium hydrochloride to be Fe by all Fe3+ reduction
2+, then adopt o-phenanthrolin colorimetric method for determining Fe
2+and then determine full Fe content.
(D) Fe in sample
2+with the calculating of full Fe: the Fe that nutrient solution lixiviate is gone out
2+the Fe gone out with hydrochloric acid and the lixiviate of hydrofluorite acid mixture
2+be added, obtain Fe in compost or mineralized waste
2+content; Same full Fe nutrient solution lixiviate gone out is added with the full Fe that hydrochloric acid and the lixiviate of hydrofluorite acid mixture go out, and calculates the content of compost or the full Fe of mineralized waste.
(E) determination of compost or mineralized waste reduction potentiality: Fe in calculation sample
2+account for the number percent of full Fe, obtain the reduction potential value of compost or mineralized waste, this value is larger, and the reduction potentiality of compost or mineralized waste are higher.
Embodiment 1
Compost gathers and pre-service.Gather one time fermentation matured compost and secondary fermentation matured compost two samples, number consecutively is C1 and C2, and after rejecting bulk foreign material and stone ,-54 DEG C of vacuum freeze dryings, also cross 100 mesh sieves by dried sample comminution.
The micro-reduction of compost: be 1 × 10 by cultured concentration
8the Shewanellaoneidensis MR-1 bacterium liquid of CFU/ml with solid than 1 (g): 20 (ml) add in above-mentioned compost sample, cultivate 24 hours under room temperature.
The separated island form of compost different shape iron:
(1) by centrifugal for above-mentioned solidliquid mixture, the filter membrane of 0.45 μm crossed by supernatant, adopts o-phenanthrolin colorimetric method for determining wherein Fe
2+with full Fe content;
(2) centrifugal remaining solid residue is with solid 1 (g): 10 (ml) add the acid mixture of 0.5M hydrochloric acid and 0.5M hydrofluorite composition, shake 4 hours under room temperature, centrifugal and collect filtrate and residue, toward residue again with solid-to-liquid ratio 1 (g): 10 (ml) add the acid mixture of hydrochloric acid and hydrofluorite, after shaking 1 hour again under room temperature, centrifugal and by supernatant with first time centrifugal gained supernatant admixed together, cross the filter membrane of 0.45 μm, adopt Fe in o-phenanthrolin colorimetric method for determining filtrate
2+with full Fe content.
Fe in compost
2+with the calculating of full Fe: the Fe that nutrient solution lixiviate is gone out
2+the Fe gone out with the acid mixture lixiviate of hydrochloric acid and hydrofluorite
2+be added, Fe in two compost samples
2+content is followed successively by 1.82% and 1.96%; The full Fe that the acid mixture lixiviate of same full Fe nutrient solution lixiviate gone out and hydrochloric acid and hydrofluorite goes out is added, and in two compost samples, full Fe content is followed successively by 1.89% and 2.07%.
The determination of compost reduction potentiality: Fe in two compost samples
2+account for full Fe ratio and be followed successively by 96.3% and 94.59%, display consumer garbage compost sample has very strong reducing power, can be used for the contaminated soils such as repairing hexavalent chromium, organochlorine or nitrobenzene.
Embodiment 2
Sample collection and pre-service: gather 5, mineralized waste sample, be numbered S1, S2, S3, S4, S5 respectively, after rejecting the foreign material such as stone, glass, metal ,-54 DEG C of vacuum freeze dryings, also cross 100 mesh sieves by dried sample comminution.
The micro-reduction of mineralized waste: be 3 × 10 by cultured concentration
7the Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 bacterium liquid of CFU/ml with solid than 1 (g): 20 (ml) add in above-mentioned mineralized waste, cultivate 25 hours under room temperature.
The separated island form of iron in mineralized waste:
(1) by centrifugal for nutrient solution potpourri, the filter membrane of 0.45 μm crossed by supernatant, adopts o-phenanthrolin colorimetric method for determining wherein Fe
2+with full Fe content;
(2) centrifugal remaining solid residue is with solid 1 (g): 15 (ml) add the acid mixture of 0.5M hydrochloric acid and 0.5M hydrofluorite composition, shake 4 hours under room temperature, centrifugal and collect filtrate and residue, toward residue again with solid-to-liquid ratio 1 (g): 5 (ml) add the acid mixture of hydrochloric acid and hydrofluorite, after shaking 1 hour again under room temperature, centrifugal and by supernatant with first time centrifugal gained supernatant admixed together, cross the filter membrane of 0.45 μm, adopt Fe in o-phenanthrolin colorimetric method for determining filtrate
2+with full Fe content.
Fe in mineralized waste
2+with the calculating of full Fe: the Fe that nutrient solution lixiviate is gone out
2+the Fe gone out with the acid mixture lixiviate of hydrochloric acid and hydrogen fluorine
2+be added, obtain Fe in 5 mineralized wastes
2+content is followed successively by 30.61mmol/kg, 29.87mmol/kg, 34.43mmol/kg, 32.87mmol/kg and 32.38mmol/kg; The full Fe that the acid mixture lixiviate of same full Fe nutrient solution lixiviate gone out and hydrochloric acid and hydrofluorite goes out is added, and in 5 mineralized wastes, full Fe content is followed successively by 33.58mmol/kg, 36.29mmol/kg, 39.98mmol/kg, 37.29mmol/kg and 36.82mmol/kg.
The determination of mineralized waste reduction potentiality: calculate Fe in mineralized waste
2+account for the number percent of full Fe, Fe in 5 samples
2+91.16%, 82.3%, 86.11%, 88.17%, 87.95% is followed successively by with the ratio of full Fe content, display mineralized waste most of iron after micro-reduction is reduction-state, the reduction potentiality of mineralized waste are large, have very strong reducing power in soil and landfill yard.
Claims (9)
1. an assay method for compost and mineralized waste reduction potentiality, key step is:
A) sample collection and pre-service: gather compost or mineralized waste sample, crushed after being dried;
B) micro-reduction of sample: cultivate Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 bacterial strain, bacterium liquid is added in compost or mineralized waste, cultivates again under room temperature;
C) separated island form of iron in sample:
The separated island form of iron in nutrient solution: by centrifugal for nutrient solution potpourri and filtration, measure the Fe in filtrate
2+with full Fe content;
The separated island form of iron in solid residue: the acid mixture being added hydrochloric acid and hydrofluorite in the solid residue that centrifugal and filtration are obtained, shake under room temperature, centrifugal and filtration, measures Fe in filtrate
2+with full Fe content;
D) Fe in sample
2+with the calculating of full Fe: by the Fe of nutrient solution in step C and solid residue
2+be added, obtain Fe in compost or mineralized waste
2+content; Equally the full Fe of nutrient solution in step C and solid residue is added, obtains the content of compost or the full Fe of mineralized waste;
E) determination of compost or mineralized waste reduction potentiality: Fe in calculation sample
2+account for the number percent of full Fe, draw the reduction potential value of compost or mineralized waste, this value is larger, and the reduction potentiality of compost or mineralized waste are higher.
2. method according to claim 1, wherein, steps A) in the drying of sample for drying in the shade or adopting freeze drier drying.
3. method according to claim 1, wherein, steps A) middle sample comminution also mistake 100 mesh sieves.
4. method according to claim 1, wherein, step B) in cultivate in bacterium liquid bacterial strain concentration higher than 10
7add in compost or mineralized waste by bacterium liquid during CFU/ml, the ratio of bacterium liquid addition is solid-to-liquid ratio 1g:10 ~ 30ml.
5. method according to claim 1, wherein, step C) in filtration be the filter membrane of 0.45 μm.
6. method according to claim 1, wherein, step C) middle Fe
2+measurement adopt o-phenanthrolin colourimetry.
7. method according to claim 1, wherein, step C) in being measured as of full Fe first adopt oxammonium hydrochloride by Fe
3+be reduced to Fe
2+, then adopt o-phenanthrolin colorimetric method for determining Fe
2+and then determine full Fe content.
8. method according to claim 1, wherein, step C) in solid residue iron separated island form in, in solid residue, add the acid mixture of hydrochloric acid and hydrofluorite centrifugal and after filtering, in the solid residue obtained, add acid mixture again, then twice filtrate merging is measured Fe
2+with full Fe content, the addition of acid mixture is 1g:10 ~ 15ml for the first time, and the addition of second time acid mixture is 1g:5 ~ 10ml.
9. the method according to claim 1 or 8, wherein, step C) in the acid mixture of hydrochloric acid and hydrofluorite be by the hydrofluorite of the hydrochloric acid of 0.5M and 0.5M by volume 1:1 mix.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104914097A (en) * | 2015-05-15 | 2015-09-16 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Reduction capability determination method for humic acid with stable reduction capability |
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2014
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Patent Citations (5)
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| CN1367759A (en) * | 1999-08-03 | 2002-09-04 | 加拿大国家科学研究院 | Hybrid chemical and biological process for decontaminating sludge from municipal sewage |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104914097A (en) * | 2015-05-15 | 2015-09-16 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Reduction capability determination method for humic acid with stable reduction capability |
| CN104914097B (en) * | 2015-05-15 | 2017-08-01 | 中国环境科学研究院 | It is a kind of that there is the reducing power assay method for stablizing reducing power humic acid |
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