CN104458635B - Aircraft fire alarm detection device and method based on CO2 gas concentration monitoring - Google Patents
Aircraft fire alarm detection device and method based on CO2 gas concentration monitoring Download PDFInfo
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- CN104458635B CN104458635B CN201410770606.3A CN201410770606A CN104458635B CN 104458635 B CN104458635 B CN 104458635B CN 201410770606 A CN201410770606 A CN 201410770606A CN 104458635 B CN104458635 B CN 104458635B
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Abstract
The invention provides an aircraft fire alarm detection device and method based on CO2 gas concentration monitoring. A dual-wavelength infrared monitoring principle and a diffusion type structure are adopted, based on the continuous monitoring of the concentration of CO2 gas of an aircraft in flight in a low-temperature low-pressure environment, the fire alarm detection of an aircraft is carried out; the detection device and method have the advantages of capability of being adaptive to a low-temperature low-pressure atmospheric environment, heating, preserving heat, monitoring continuously online in a constant-temperature state, rapid response, high reliability, excellent waterproof and dustproof performances, no need of using an air pump, and the like, and can be widely applied to aircraft fire alarm detection systems. A dual-channel infrared detector is adopted for eliminating interferences caused by factors of light source instability and the like; a light reflection lens is adopted for lengthening the absorption length of infrared light; a heating element and a heat preservation material are adopted for reinforcing the environment adaptability; a conical light concentrator is adopted for increasing the received light intensity and compensating and correcting the temperature and air pressure automatically, so that the aircraft fire alarm detection reliability is improved effectively. The device and the method guarantee the rapidness and accuracy of aircraft fire disaster alarming.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aircraft fire detection field, and in particular to using dual wavelength infrared monitoring principle, with CO2Gas is
Fire detection parameter, using diffusion type structure, with heating and thermal insulation measure and the automatic compensation program of temperature and air pressure, with numeral letter
Number output aircraft fire detection device and method.
Background technology
Used as a kind of special fire profiles, its feature includes fire characteristic obvious, fire attack difficulty to aircraft fire
Greatly, fire burning is fierce, evacuating personnel is difficult, disposable death toll is more etc..Once there is fire in aircraft, be especially in
During high-altitude flight state, it is most likely that lead to the serious consequence of fatal crass, great economic loss and casualties is caused, very
It is social panic to being likely to cause.Therefore, the application of the aircraft fire detection technology of high reliability is requisite.
Smoke detector in traditional fire detector, heat detector and sense flame detector are difficult to for incipient fire
Identification, and rate of false alarm is high.In recent years, due to the development of detection of gas technology, using gas detector identification incipient fire
Jing becomes the new tool in detection field.Most combustibles contain C, H element, and glow pyrolysis or naked light in atmosphere
During burning, the main component of combustion product is CO2, CO and water vapour.Contain certain density CO in air2Gas, although
Under the conditions of special weather, its concentration value has certain change, but this change is that slowly, but fire occurs
When, CO2Gas concentration will be sharply increased.Therefore, based on CO2The aircraft fire detection of gas concentration monitoring is increasingly subject to
Concern.
The content of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of based on CO2The aircraft fire detection dress of gas concentration monitoring
Put and method.This device and method adopts dual wavelength infrared monitoring principle and diffusion type structure, based on to low during aircraft flight
CO in warm lower pressure environment2The continuous monitoring of gas concentration, so as to carry out aircraft fire detection, with alarm reliability height, response
Hurry up, excellent anti-dust performance, can be widely used in aircraft fire -detecting system.
The technical solution used in the present invention is：It is a kind of to be based on CO2The aircraft fire detection device of gas concentration monitoring, including
Infrared light supply, condenser lenss, pressure transducer, temperature sensor, reflecting mirror, optical collector, dual pathways Infrared Detectorss, reference filter
Piece, measurement optical filter, air chamber, heating element heater, signal-processing board, insulation material, air entraining pipe, signal output interface, metal shell,
Water proof and dust proof ventilated membrane, skeleton and mirror unit；Skeleton with perforate forms a hollow air chamber, is close to one on skeleton
Layer water proof and dust proof ventilated membrane, is placed reflecting mirror in one end of skeleton, is fixed by mirror unit and be connected with skeleton.The other end sets
Infrared light supply and dual pathways Infrared Detectorss are put, infrared light supply front end is provided with condenser lenss, sets before dual pathways Infrared Detectorss
Measurement optical filter and reference optical filter is equipped with, the front end for measuring optical filter and reference optical filter is provided with taper optical collector.Temperature is passed
Sensor is placed in the side of dual pathways Infrared Detectorss, monitors the temperature of dual pathways Infrared Detectorss.Pressure transducer is placed in bleed
Guan Zhong, real-time monitoring atmospheric pressure value.Connect with signal-processing board on the left of dual pathways Infrared Detectorss and infrared light supply, the gas that will be obtained
The temperature signal of bulk concentration, pressure and dual pathways Infrared Detectorss is sent in signal-processing board, then by signal output interface
Output digit signals.It is close to heating in dual pathways Infrared Detectorss one end and reflecting mirror one end around a circle heating element heater respectively
Element wraps up insulation material.Metal shell is installed to be fixed and protect outside whole device.
The present invention additionally provides a kind of be based on CO2The aircraft fire alarm detection method of gas concentration monitoring, the method is using upper
State based on CO2The aircraft fire detection device of gas concentration monitoring, the aircraft fire alarm detection method are specially：Start heating unit
Part carries out heated for controlling temperature to device, while device is under temperature constant state using insulation material, the CO in air2Gas Jing
Natural diffuseness enters this device, first passes around water proof and dust proof ventilated membrane and filters moisture and dust, is entered by the perforate on skeleton
Air chamber.In air chamber, infrared light supply sends infrared light, after the focusing, collimating effect through condenser lenss, the gas in directive air chamber
Body, after tested GAS ABSORPTION, is reflected after reaching on reflecting mirror, and infrared light is again by air chamber and is absorbed, taper
The infrared light that reflecting mirror reflection comes is converged by optical collector, and measured optical filter and the reference optical filter arrival dual pathways are infrared
Detector, two passages of dual pathways Infrared Detectorss produce a reference signal comprising light source and environmental information and one respectively
Signal comprising tested gas concentration information, the two signal input signal-processing boards, according to the CO of prior write2Gas concentration
Computation model obtains tested CO2The concentration of gas.At the same time, the dual pathways Infrared Detectorss for being detected by temperature sensor
Temperature value and signal-processing board also will enter into by the atmospheric pressure value that pressure transducer is detected, signal-processing board is again to CO2Gas
Concentration is entered trip temperature, air pressure and is compensated automatically, so as to obtain real CO2The concentration of gas, by this CO2Concentration is input to fire report
In alert algorithm, so as to judge whether there occurs fire in environment, if carry out actuation of an alarm.
Wherein, fire alarm program pin is to CO in fire2Gas Conduce Disciplinarian, CO in air2After gas enters device, letter
Number process plate receives measurement voltage Vm, reference voltage VRef, temperature TmWith air pressure PmFour numerical value, first calculate gas concentration information
Variable C, to exclude light source fluctuation that may be present and environmental effect, then calculates corresponding concentration valueThen basis respectively
Temperature TmCalculate temperature compensation coefficient K1Carry out temperature-compensating and air pressure PmCalculate atmospheric pressure compensating COEFFICIENT K2Carry out air pressure benefit
Repay, the gas concentration after being compensatedThis concentration is CO2The actual concentration value of gas, during actual monitoring, will be this numerical value defeated
Enter in aircraft fire detection device alarm algorithm, after timing reaches the time of regulation, using last CO2Gas concentration is read
ValueFirst CO2Gas concentration valueAnd the time, CO in computing environment2Gas concentration rate of change, then judges
CO2Whether gas concentration rate of change is abnormal, if concentration change speed is more than 6ml/ (m3S) exception is, if CO2Gas concentration
Rate of change is without exception, then record CO in environment2Gas background concn valueIf CO2Gas concentration rate of change it is abnormal then to
Crew sends early warning warning, and calculates CO2Gas concentration changing valueThen judge CO2Gas concentration changes
ValueIt is whether abnormal, if concentration change value is more than 200ml/m3It is as abnormal, if CO2Gas concentration value variation abnormality is then reported
Alert action, and sound the alarm crew is continuously reminded, if CO2Gas concentration value changes are without exception, continue into
Row monitoring.
Present invention advantage compared with prior art is：
The present invention is based on CO2Gas concentration is monitored, and is flown using dual wavelength infrared monitoring principle and diffusion type structure
Machine fire detection, with adapting to the atmospheric environment of low-temp low-pressure, can realize under heating and thermal insulation, temperature constant state continuous online supervise
Survey, the water proof and dust proof performance that response is fast and reliability is high, excellent and the advantages of without using air pump, can be widely used in winged
In machine fire -detecting system.Eliminate the interference of the factors such as flashing is fixed, adopt reflecting mirror using dual pathways Infrared Detectorss
Increase infrared light absorption length, using heating element heater and insulation material intensifier environmental suitability, using taper optical collector
Enhance reception light intensity and carry out temperature and air pressure and compensate automatically, correct, be effectively improved the reliability of aircraft fire detection.
Establish aircraft fire detection device alarm algorithm, it is ensured that the quick and accuracy that aircraft fire is reported to the police.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the device of the present invention；
In figure：1 is infrared light supply, and 2 is condenser lenss, and 3 is pressure transducer, and 4 is temperature sensor, and 5 is reflecting mirror, and 6 are
Optical collector, 7 is dual pathways Infrared Detectorss, and 8 is reference optical filter, and 9 are measurement optical filter, and 10 is air chamber, and 11 is heating element heater,
12 is signal-processing board, and 13 is insulation material, and 14 is air entraining pipe, and 15 is signal output interface, and 16 is metal shell, and 17 is waterproof
Dust-proof air ventilation film, 18 is skeleton, and 19 is mirror unit；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of data processing figure of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is aircraft fire detection device alarm algorithm flow chart.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment further illustrates the present invention.
As shown in figure 1, the skeleton 18 with perforate forms a hollow air chamber, skeleton 18 is tightened for the structure of the present embodiment
Patch one layer of water proof and dust proof ventilated membrane 17, skeleton 18 one end place reflecting mirror 5, fixed by mirror unit 19 and with skeleton phase
Even.The other end arranges infrared light supply 1 and dual pathways Infrared Detectorss 7, and 1 front end of infrared light supply is provided with condenser lenss 2, and the dual pathways is red
External detector 7 is above provided with measurement optical filter 9 and reference optical filter 8, and the front end for measuring optical filter 9 and reference optical filter 8 sets
There is taper optical collector 6.Temperature sensor 4 is placed in the side of dual pathways Infrared Detectorss 7, monitors the temperature of dual pathways Infrared Detectorss
Degree.Pressure transducer 3 is placed in air entraining pipe 14, real-time monitoring atmospheric pressure value.By 15 output digit signals of signal output interface.Point
The parcel insulation of heating element heater 11 is not close to it in dual pathways Infrared Detectorss one end and reflecting mirror one end around a circle heating element heater 11
Material 13.Metal shell 16 is installed to be fixed and protect outside whole device.
Theoretical according to infrared spectrum, gas with various molecule has obvious Absorption to the infrared light of its specific wavelength.Root
According to Lambert-Beer's law：I=I0Exp (- μ CL), wherein I be output intensity, I0For incident intensity, μ is absorption coefficient, C
For under test gas concentration, L is transmitted light path length；Knowable to above formula, as transmitted light path length L and absorption coefficient μ
When known, can be by measuring I and I0Ratio meter calculate the concentration of tested gas.In practical application, as infrared light holds very much
Easily affected by many factors (such as temperature, mains fluctuations, light source ages etc.), only by the decay of single light beam transmitted light intensity
The concentration of monitor gas can not be enough to.Increased on the basis of Single wavelength infrared monitoring based on dual wavelength infrared monitoring principle
Plus a reference wavelength, i.e., using dual pathways Infrared Detectorss, double optical filters and the corresponding electronic circuit of process dual wavelength signal
And algorithm realizes the monitoring to gas concentration.One optical filter is measurement optical filter, monitors absorption of the tested gas to infrared light,
The absorbing wavelength of its monitored gas of centre wavelength correspondence, another is reference optical filter, for monitoring the fluctuation of infrared light supply,
Wherein cardiac wave is a length of to the non-absorbent wavelength of all gas.Dual wavelength monitoring method is exactly to obtain filtering through two by monitoring
The change of the INFRARED ABSORPTION energy of respective wavelength after mating plate, so that it is determined that the presence of tested gas and concentration information.
When device works, starting heating element heater carries out heated for controlling temperature to device, while being caused at device using insulation material
CO in temperature constant state, air2Gas Jing natural diffuseness enters this device, first passes around water proof and dust proof ventilated membrane 17 and thoroughly filters
Moisture removal and dust, enter air inlet chamber by the perforate on skeleton 18.In air chamber, infrared light supply 1 sends infrared light, through optically focused
After the focusing of mirror 2, collimating effect, the gas in directive air chamber, after tested GAS ABSORPTION, quilt after reaching on reflecting mirror 5
Reflection, infrared light is again by air chamber and is absorbed, and taper optical collector 6 reflecting mirror 5 is reflected the infrared light for coming and converged, Jing
Cross measurement optical filter 9 and reference optical filter 8 reaches dual pathways Infrared Detectorss 7,7 two passage difference of dual pathways Infrared Detectorss
Produce a reference signal and a signal comprising tested gas concentration information for including light source and environmental information, the two letters
Number input signal process plate 12, obtains tested CO2The concentration of gas.At the same time, the dual pathways for being detected by temperature sensor 4
The temperature value of Infrared Detectorss and signal-processing board 12 also will enter into by the atmospheric pressure value that pressure transducer is detected, then to CO2
Gas concentration is entered trip temperature, air pressure and is compensated automatically, so as to obtain real CO2The concentration of gas, by this CO2Concentration is input to fire
In calamity alarm algorithm, so as to judge whether there occurs fire in environment, if carry out actuation of an alarm.
Fire alarm program pin is to CO in fire2Gas Conduce Disciplinarian, CO in air2After gas enters device, signal processing
Plate 12 receives measurement voltage Vm, reference voltage VRef, temperature TmWith air pressure PmFour numerical value, first calculate gas concentration information variable
C, to exclude light source fluctuation that may be present and environmental effect, then calculates corresponding concentration valueThen respectively according to temperature
TmCalculate temperature compensation coefficient K1Carry out temperature-compensating and air pressure PmCalculate atmospheric pressure compensating COEFFICIENT K2Atmospheric pressure compensating is carried out, is obtained
Gas concentration to after compensationThis concentration is CO2The actual concentration value of gas, its flow chart are shown in Fig. 2.During actual monitoring, will
This numerical value is input in aircraft fire detection device alarm algorithm, after timing reaches the time of regulation, using last CO2Gas
Bulk concentration reading valueFirst CO2Gas concentration valueAnd the time, CO in computing environment2Gas concentration value rate of change,
Then judge CO2Whether gas concentration rate of change is abnormal (if concentration change speed is more than 6ml/ (m3S) it is abnormal), if
CO2Gas concentration rate of change is without exception, then record CO in environment2Gas background concn valueIf CO2Gas concentration changes
Speed then sends early warning warning extremely to crew, and calculates CO2Gas concentration changing valueThen judge CO2
Gas concentration changing valueIt is whether abnormal (if concentration change value is more than 200ml/m3It is as abnormal), if CO2Gas concentration value becomes
Change it is abnormal then carry out actuation of an alarm, and send chimes of doom crew continuously reminded, if CO2Gas concentration value changes
It is without exception, proceed monitoring, its flow chart is shown in Fig. 3.
Non-elaborated part of the present invention belongs to the known technology of those skilled in the art.
Claims (1)
1. it is a kind of to be based on CO2The aircraft fire alarm detection method of gas concentration monitoring, the method is using based on CO2Gas concentration is monitored
Aircraft fire detection device, including infrared light supply (1), condenser lenss (2), pressure transducer (3), temperature sensor (4), reflection
Mirror (5), taper optical collector (6), dual pathways Infrared Detectorss (7), reference optical filter (8), measurement optical filter (9), air chamber (10),
Heating element heater (11), signal-processing board (12), insulation material (13), air entraining pipe (14), signal output interface (15), metal shell
(16), water proof and dust proof ventilated membrane (17), skeleton (18) and mirror unit (19), the skeleton with perforate (18) formation one are hollow
Air chamber (10), be close to one layer of water proof and dust proof ventilated membrane (17) on skeleton (18), skeleton (18) one end place reflecting mirror
(5), fix and be connected with skeleton by mirror unit (19), the other end arranges infrared light supply (1) and dual pathways Infrared Detectorss
(7), infrared light supply (1) front end is provided with condenser lenss (2), and dual pathways Infrared Detectorss (7) are above provided with measurement optical filter (9)
With reference optical filter (8), the front end for measuring optical filter (9) and reference optical filter (8) is provided with taper optical collector (6), temperature sensing
Device (4) is placed in the side of dual pathways Infrared Detectorss (7), monitors the temperature of dual pathways Infrared Detectorss, and pressure transducer (3) is put
In air entraining pipe (14), real-time monitoring atmospheric pressure value, on the left of dual pathways Infrared Detectorss (7) and infrared light supply (1) and signal processing
Plate (12) connects, and the temperature signal of the gas concentration, pressure and dual pathways Infrared Detectorss that obtain is sent into signal-processing board
(12) in, then by signal output interface (15) output digit signals；Respectively in dual pathways Infrared Detectorss (7) one end and instead
Mirror (5) one end is penetrated around circle heating element heater (11), is close to heating element heater (11) parcel insulation material (13), is pacified outside whole device
Dress metal shell (16) is fixed and protects, it is characterised in that：The aircraft fire alarm detection method is specially：Start heating element heater
Computer heating control is carried out to device, while device is under temperature constant state using insulation material, the CO in air2Gas Jing is certainly
This device is so diffused into, water proof and dust proof ventilated membrane (17) is first passed around and is filtered moisture and dust, by opening on skeleton (18)
Air inlet chamber is entered in hole；In air chamber, the infrared light that infrared light supply (1) sends, after the focusing, collimating effect through condenser lenss (2), is penetrated
To the gas in air chamber, after tested GAS ABSORPTION, reflected after reaching on reflecting mirror (5), infrared light is again by gas
Room is simultaneously absorbed, taper optical collector (6) by reflecting mirror (5) reflection come infrared light converged, measured optical filter (9) and
Reference optical filter (8) reaches dual pathways Infrared Detectorss (7), and (7) two passages of dual pathways Infrared Detectorss produce one respectively
Reference signal and a signal comprising tested gas concentration information comprising light source and environmental information, the two signal inputs are believed
Number process plate (12), according to the CO of prior write2Gas concentration calculates model and obtains tested CO2The concentration of gas；At the same time,
The temperature value of the dual pathways Infrared Detectorss detected by temperature sensor (4) and the atmospheric pressure value detected by pressure transducer
Signal-processing board (12) is will enter into, signal-processing board (12) is again to CO2Gas concentration is entered trip temperature, air pressure and is compensated automatically, from
And obtain real CO2The concentration of gas, by this CO2Concentration is input in fire alarm algorithm, so as to judge whether send out in environment
Fire is given birth to, if carry out actuation of an alarm；
Fire alarm program, for CO in fire2Gas Conduce Disciplinarian, CO in air2After gas enters device, signal-processing board
(12) receive measurement voltage Vm, reference voltage VRef, temperature TmWith air pressure PmFour numerical value, first calculate gas concentration information variable
C, to exclude light source fluctuation that may be present and environmental effect, then calculates corresponding concentration valueThen respectively according to temperature
TmCalculate temperature compensation coefficient K1Carry out temperature-compensating and air pressure PmCalculate atmospheric pressure compensating COEFFICIENT K2Atmospheric pressure compensating is carried out, is obtained
Gas concentration to after compensationThis concentration is CO2The actual concentration value of gas, during actual monitoring, this numerical value is input to winged
In machine fire detection device alarm algorithm, after timing reaches the time of regulation, using last CO2Gas concentration reading value
First CO2Gas concentration valueAnd the time, CO in computing environment2Gas concentration rate of change, then judges CO2Gas is dense
Whether degree rate of change is abnormal, if concentration change speed is more than 6mL/ (m3S) exception is, if CO2Gas concentration rate of change
It is without exception, then record CO in environment2Gas background concn valueIf CO2Gas concentration rate of change is abnormal then to crew
Early warning warning is sent, and calculates CO2Gas concentration changing valueThen judge CO2Gas concentration changing valueIt is whether different
Often, if concentration change value is more than 200mL/m3It is as abnormal, if CO2Gas concentration value variation abnormality then carries out actuation of an alarm, concurrently
Go out alarm song continuously to remind crew, if CO2Gas concentration value changes are without exception, proceed monitoring.
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104833646A (en) * | 2015-05-15 | 2015-08-12 | 苏州德锐朗智能科技有限公司 | Detection device based on infrared CO2 sensor |
| CN106990063B (en) * | 2017-04-12 | 2019-12-20 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Infrared spectrum analyzer |
| CN108489615A (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2018-09-04 | 无锡市永安电子科技有限公司 | A kind of composite pipe spark detector and its detection method |
| CN110361352B (en) * | 2019-08-15 | 2023-11-24 | 深圳市诺安智能股份有限公司 | Gas concentration detection device with double channels, detection method and alarm device |
| CN110687066B (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2021-12-28 | 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 | Infrared gas sensor |
| CN112730301A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-04-30 | 宁波舜宇红外技术有限公司 | Method for detecting gas concentration by infrared gas alarm |
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