CN104458635A - Aircraft fire alarm detection device and method based on CO2 gas concentration monitoring - Google Patents

Aircraft fire alarm detection device and method based on CO2 gas concentration monitoring Download PDF

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CN104458635A
CN104458635A CN201410770606.3A CN201410770606A CN104458635A CN 104458635 A CN104458635 A CN 104458635A CN 201410770606 A CN201410770606 A CN 201410770606A CN 104458635 A CN104458635 A CN 104458635A
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gas concentration
gas
concentration
value
signal
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CN104458635B (en
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赵建华
方丽丽
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University of Science and Technology of China USTC
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University of Science and Technology of China USTC
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Abstract

The invention provides an aircraft fire alarm detection device and method based on CO2 gas concentration monitoring. A dual-wavelength infrared monitoring principle and a diffusion type structure are adopted, based on the continuous monitoring of the concentration of CO2 gas of an aircraft in flight in a low-temperature low-pressure environment, the fire alarm detection of an aircraft is carried out; the detection device and method have the advantages of capability of being adaptive to a low-temperature low-pressure atmospheric environment, heating, preserving heat, monitoring continuously online in a constant-temperature state, rapid response, high reliability, excellent waterproof and dustproof performances, no need of using an air pump, and the like, and can be widely applied to aircraft fire alarm detection systems. A dual-channel infrared detector is adopted for eliminating interferences caused by factors of light source instability and the like; a light reflection lens is adopted for lengthening the absorption length of infrared light; a heating element and a heat preservation material are adopted for reinforcing the environment adaptability; a conical light concentrator is adopted for increasing the received light intensity and compensating and correcting the temperature and air pressure automatically, so that the aircraft fire alarm detection reliability is improved effectively. The device and the method guarantee the rapidness and accuracy of aircraft fire disaster alarming.

Description

A kind of based on CO 2the aircraft fire detection device of gas concentration inspect and method
Technical field
The invention belongs to aircraft fire detection field, be specifically related to utilize dual wavelength infrared monitoring principle, with CO 2gas is fire detection parameter, adopts diffusion type structure, with heating and thermal insulation measure and temperature and air pressure auto-compensation program, the aircraft fire detection device with digital signal output and method.
Background technology
Aircraft fire is as a kind of special fire profiles, and its feature comprises that fire characteristic is not obvious, fire attack difficulty is large, fire burning is fierce, difficult, the disposable death toll of evacuating personnel is more.Aircraft, once breaking out of fire, when being particularly in high-altitude flight state, very likely leads to the serious consequence of fatal crass, causes great economic loss and casualties, even likely causes society panic.Therefore, the application of the aircraft fire detection technology of high reliability is absolutely necessary.
In traditional fire detector, smoke detector, heat detector and sense flame detector are difficult to identify for incipient fire, and rate of false alarm is high.In recent years, due to the development of detection of gas technology, gas detector identification incipient fire is utilized to become the new tool in detection field.Most combustible is all containing C, H element, and when glow in atmosphere pyrolysis or naked light burn, the principal ingredient of combustion product is CO 2, CO and water vapour.Containing certain density CO in air 2gas, although under special weather condition, its concentration value has certain change, and this change is slowly, but during breaking out of fire, CO 2gas concentration will sharply increase.Therefore, based on CO 2the aircraft fire detection of gas concentration inspect more and more receives publicity.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of based on CO 2the aircraft fire detection device of gas concentration inspect and method.This device and method adopts dual wavelength infrared monitoring principle and diffusion type structure, based on to CO in low-temp low-pressure environment during aircraft flight 2the continuous monitoring of gas concentration, thus carry out aircraft fire detection, have alarm reliability high, respond fast, excellent anti-dust performance, can be widely used in aircraft fire-detecting system.
The technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of based on CO 2the aircraft fire detection device of gas concentration inspect, comprises infrared light supply, condenser, pressure transducer, temperature sensor, catoptron, optical collector, binary channels infrared eye, reference optical filter, measures optical filter, air chamber, heating element, signal-processing board, insulation material, air entraining pipe, signal output interface, metal shell, water proof and dust proof ventilated membrane, skeleton and mirror unit; The skeleton with perforate forms the air chamber of a hollow, skeleton is close to one deck water proof and dust proof ventilated membrane, places catoptron, fixed and be connected with skeleton by mirror unit in one end of skeleton.The other end arranges infrared light supply and binary channels infrared eye, and infrared light supply front end is provided with condenser, is provided with and measures optical filter and reference optical filter before binary channels infrared eye, and the front end measuring optical filter and reference optical filter is provided with taper optical collector.Temperature sensor is placed in the side of binary channels infrared eye, the temperature of monitoring binary channels infrared eye.Pressure transducer is placed in air entraining pipe, Real-Time Monitoring atmospheric pressure value.Connect with signal-processing board on the left of binary channels infrared eye and infrared light supply, the temperature signal of the gas concentration, pressure and the binary channels infrared eye that obtain is sent in signal-processing board, then by signal output interface output digit signals.Enclose heating element in binary channels infrared eye one end and catoptron one end around one respectively, be close to heating element parcel insulation material.Whole device is installed metal shell outward and is fixed and protects.
The present invention provides a kind of based on CO in addition 2the aircraft fire alarm detection method of gas concentration inspect, the method utilizes above-mentioned based on CO 2the aircraft fire detection device of gas concentration inspect, this aircraft fire alarm detection method is specially: start heating element and carry out heated for controlling temperature to device, under utilizing insulation material to make device be in temperature constant state simultaneously, the CO in air 2gas enters this device through natural diffuseness, first through water proof and dust proof ventilated membrane filtering moisture and dust, enters air chamber by the perforate on skeleton.In air chamber, infrared light supply sends infrared light, through the focusing of condenser, after collimating effect, gas in directive air chamber, after tested gas absorption, reflected after arriving on catoptron, infrared light to be absorbed by air chamber again, the infrared light that catoptron reflection comes converges by taper optical collector, through measuring optical filter and reference optical filter arrival binary channels infrared eye, binary channels infrared eye two passages produce the signal that a reference signal comprising light source and environmental information and comprise tested gas concentration information respectively, these two signal input signal disposable plates, according to the CO of write in advance 2gas concentration calculates model and obtains tested CO 2the concentration of gas.Meanwhile, the temperature value of the binary channels infrared eye detected by temperature sensor and the atmospheric pressure value detected by pressure transducer also will be input to signal-processing board, and signal-processing board is again to CO 2gas concentration carries out temperature, air pressure auto-compensation, thus obtains real CO 2the concentration of gas, by this CO 2concentration is input in fire alarm algorithm, thus judges whether there occurs fire in environment, whether carries out actuation of an alarm.
Wherein, fire alarm program pin is to CO in fire 2gas Conduce Disciplinarian, CO in air 2after gas access to plant, signal-processing board receives measuring voltage V m, reference voltage V ref, temperature T mwith air pressure P mfour numerical value, first calculate gas concentration information variable C, to get rid of the light source fluctuation and environmental impact that may exist, then calculate corresponding concentration value then respectively according to temperature T mcalculate temperature compensation coefficient K 1carry out temperature compensation and air pressure P mcalculate atmospheric pressure compensating COEFFICIENT K 2carry out atmospheric pressure compensating, the gas concentration after being compensated this concentration is CO 2the actual concentration value of gas, during actual monitoring, is input in aircraft fire detection device alarm algorithm by this numerical value, timing utilizes last CO after arriving official hour 2gas concentration read value first CO 2gas concentration value and the time, CO in computing environment 2gas concentration rate of change, then judges CO 2whether gas concentration rate of change is abnormal, if concentration change speed is greater than 6ml/ (m 3﹒ s) be exception, if CO 2gas concentration rate of change is without exception, then record CO in environment 2gas background concentration value if CO 2gas concentration rate of change is abnormal then sends early warning warning to crew, and calculates CO 2gas concentration changing value then CO is judged 2gas concentration changing value whether abnormal, if concentration change value is greater than 200ml/m 3be exception, if CO 2gas concentration value variation abnormality then carries out actuation of an alarm, and sounds the alarm and carry out continuous print prompting to crew, if CO 2gas concentration value change is without exception, proceeds monitoring.
The present invention's advantage is compared with prior art:
The present invention is based on CO 2gas concentration inspect, dual wavelength infrared monitoring principle and diffusion type structure is adopted to carry out aircraft fire detection, have adapt to low-temp low-pressure atmospheric environment, on-line monitoring, response is fast and reliability is high, excellent water proof and dust proof performance and without the need to using the advantages such as aspiration pump can be realized under heating and thermal insulation, temperature constant state continuously, can be widely used in aircraft fire-detecting system.The interference of the factors such as flashing is fixed that adopt binary channels infrared eye to eliminate, adopt catoptron increase infrared light absorption length, adopt heating element and insulation material intensifier environmental suitability, adopt taper optical collector to enhance receiving light power and carry out temperature and air pressure auto-compensation, correction, effectively improve the reliability of aircraft fire detection.Establish aircraft fire detection device alarm algorithm, ensure that the quick and accuracy that aircraft fire is reported to the police.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of device of the present invention;
In figure: 1 is infrared light supply, 2 is condenser, and 3 is pressure transducer, and 4 is temperature sensor, 5 is catoptron, and 6 is optical collector, and 7 is binary channels infrared eye, 8 is reference optical filter, and 9 for measuring optical filter, and 10 is air chamber, 11 is heating element, and 12 is signal-processing board, and 13 is insulation material, 14 is air entraining pipe, and 15 is signal output interface, and 16 is metal shell, 17 is water proof and dust proof ventilated membrane, and 18 is skeleton, and 19 is mirror unit;
Fig. 2 is flow chart of data processing figure of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is aircraft fire detection device alarm algorithm process flow diagram.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment.
As shown in Figure 1, the skeleton 18 with perforate forms the air chamber of a hollow to the structure of the present embodiment, skeleton 18 is close to one deck water proof and dust proof ventilated membrane 17, places catoptron 5 in one end of skeleton 18, is fixed by mirror unit 19 and is connected with skeleton.The other end arranges infrared light supply 1 and binary channels infrared eye 7, infrared light supply 1 front end is provided with condenser 2, binary channels infrared eye 7 is provided with above and measures optical filter 9 and reference optical filter 8, and the front end measuring optical filter 9 and reference optical filter 8 is provided with taper optical collector 6.Temperature sensor 4 is placed in the side of binary channels infrared eye 7, the temperature of monitoring binary channels infrared eye.Pressure transducer 3 is placed in air entraining pipe 14, Real-Time Monitoring atmospheric pressure value.By signal output interface 15 output digit signals.Enclose heating element 11 in binary channels infrared eye one end and catoptron one end around one respectively, be close to heating element 11 and wrap up insulation material 13.Whole device is installed metal shell 16 outward and is fixed and protects.
Theoretical according to infrared spectrum, the infrared light of gas with various molecule to its specific wavelength has obvious absorption.According to Lambert-Beer's law: I=I 0exp (-μ CL), wherein I is output intensity, I 0for incident intensity, μ is absorption coefficient, and C is gas concentration to be measured, and L is transmitted light path length; From above formula, when transmitted light path length L and absorption coefficient μ is known, can by measuring I and I 0radiometer calculate the concentration of tested gas.In practical application, because infrared light is easy to by many factors (as temperature, mains fluctuations, light source ages etc.) impact, the decay by means of only single light beam transmitted light intensity can not be enough to the concentration of monitor gas.On the basis of Single wavelength infrared monitoring, increase a reference wavelength based on dual wavelength infrared monitoring principle, namely use the electronic circuit that binary channels infrared eye, two optical filter and process dual wavelength signal are corresponding and algorithm realization to the monitoring of gas concentration.An optical filter is for measuring optical filter, monitor the absorption of tested gas to infrared light, the absorbing wavelength of the corresponding monitored gas of its centre wavelength, another is reference optical filter, for monitoring the fluctuation of infrared light supply, its centre wavelength is to all non-absorbent wavelength of all gas.Dual wavelength monitoring method is exactly by monitoring the change obtained through the infrared absorption energy of respective wavelength after two optical filters, thus determines existence and the concentration information of tested gas.
During device work, start heating element and heated for controlling temperature is carried out to device, utilize insulation material to make device be in temperature constant state, the CO in air simultaneously 2gas enters this device through natural diffuseness, first through water proof and dust proof ventilated membrane 17 thoroughly filtering moisture and dust, enters air chamber by the perforate on skeleton 18.In air chamber, infrared light supply 1 sends infrared light, through the focusing of condenser 2, after collimating effect, gas in directive air chamber, after tested gas absorption, reflected after arriving on catoptron 5, infrared light to be absorbed by air chamber again, catoptron 5 is reflected the infrared light come and converges by taper optical collector 6, binary channels infrared eye 7 is arrived through measurement optical filter 9 and reference optical filter 8, binary channels infrared eye 7 two passages produce the signal that a reference signal comprising light source and environmental information and comprise tested gas concentration information respectively, these two signal input signal disposable plates 12, obtain tested CO 2the concentration of gas.Meanwhile, the temperature value of the binary channels infrared eye detected by temperature sensor 4 and the atmospheric pressure value detected by pressure transducer also will be input to signal-processing board 12, then to CO 2gas concentration carries out temperature, air pressure auto-compensation, thus obtains real CO 2the concentration of gas, by this CO 2concentration is input in fire alarm algorithm, thus judges whether there occurs fire in environment, whether carries out actuation of an alarm.
Fire alarm program pin is to CO in fire 2gas Conduce Disciplinarian, CO in air 2after gas access to plant, signal-processing board 12 receives measuring voltage V m, reference voltage V ref, temperature T mwith air pressure P mfour numerical value, first calculate gas concentration information variable C, to get rid of the light source fluctuation and environmental impact that may exist, then calculate corresponding concentration value then respectively according to temperature T mcalculate temperature compensation coefficient K 1carry out temperature compensation and air pressure P mcalculate atmospheric pressure compensating COEFFICIENT K 2carry out atmospheric pressure compensating, the gas concentration after being compensated this concentration is CO 2the actual concentration value of gas, its process flow diagram is shown in Fig. 2.During actual monitoring, be input to by this numerical value in aircraft fire detection device alarm algorithm, timing utilizes last CO after arriving official hour 2gas concentration read value first CO 2gas concentration value and the time, CO in computing environment 2gas concentration value rate of change, then judges CO 2whether gas concentration rate of change is abnormal (if concentration change speed is greater than 6ml/ (m 3﹒ s) be exception), if CO 2gas concentration rate of change is without exception, then record CO in environment 2gas background concentration value if CO 2gas concentration rate of change is abnormal then sends early warning warning to crew, and calculates CO 2gas concentration changing value then CO is judged 2gas concentration changing value whether abnormal (if concentration change value is greater than 200ml/m 3be exception), if CO 2gas concentration value variation abnormality then carries out actuation of an alarm, and sends chimes of doom and carry out continuous print prompting to crew, if CO 2gas concentration value change is without exception, and proceed monitoring, its process flow diagram is shown in Fig. 3.
Non-elaborated part of the present invention belongs to the known technology of those skilled in the art.

Claims (3)

1. one kind based on CO 2the aircraft fire detection device of gas concentration inspect, it is characterized in that: comprise infrared light supply (1), condenser (2), pressure transducer (3), temperature sensor (4), catoptron (5), optical collector (6), binary channels infrared eye (7), reference optical filter (8), measure optical filter (9), air chamber (10), heating element (11), signal-processing board (12), insulation material (13), air entraining pipe (14), signal output interface (15), metal shell (16), water proof and dust proof ventilated membrane (17), skeleton (18) and mirror unit (19), the skeleton (18) with perforate forms the air chamber (10) of a hollow, skeleton (18) is close to one deck water proof and dust proof ventilated membrane (17), catoptron (5) is placed in one end of skeleton (18), fixed by mirror unit (19) and be connected with skeleton, the other end arranges infrared light supply (1) and binary channels infrared eye (7), infrared light supply (1) front end is provided with condenser (2), binary channels infrared eye (7) is provided with above and measures optical filter (9) and reference optical filter (8), the front end measuring optical filter (9) and reference optical filter (8) is provided with taper optical collector (6), temperature sensor (4) is placed in the side of binary channels infrared eye (7), the temperature of monitoring binary channels infrared eye, pressure transducer (3) is placed in air entraining pipe (14), Real-Time Monitoring atmospheric pressure value, binary channels infrared eye (7) and infrared light supply (1) left side connect with signal-processing board (12), by the gas concentration obtained, the temperature signal of pressure and binary channels infrared eye is sent in signal-processing board (12), then by signal output interface (15) output digit signals, heating element (11) is enclosed around one respectively in binary channels infrared eye (7) one end and catoptron (5) one end, be close to heating element (11) parcel insulation material (13), whole device is installed metal shell (16) outward and is fixed and protects.
2. one kind based on CO 2the aircraft fire alarm detection method of gas concentration inspect, the method utilize described in claim 1 based on CO 2the aircraft fire detection device of gas concentration inspect, is characterized in that: this aircraft fire alarm detection method is specially: start heating element and carry out computer heating control to device, under utilizing insulation material to make device be in temperature constant state simultaneously, and the CO in air 2gas enters this device through natural diffuseness, first through water proof and dust proof ventilated membrane (17) filtering moisture and dust, enters air chamber by the perforate on skeleton (18), in air chamber, the infrared light that infrared light supply (1) sends, through the focusing of condenser (2), after collimating effect, gas in directive air chamber, after tested gas absorption, reflected after arrival catoptron (5) is upper, infrared light to be absorbed by air chamber again, the infrared light that catoptron (5) reflection comes converges by taper optical collector (4), through measuring optical filter (9) and reference optical filter (8) arrival binary channels infrared eye (7), binary channels infrared eye (7) two passages produce the signal that a reference signal comprising light source and environmental information and comprise tested gas concentration information respectively, these two signal input signal disposable plates (12), according to the CO of write in advance 2gas concentration calculates model and obtains tested CO 2the concentration of gas, meanwhile, the temperature value of the binary channels infrared eye detected by temperature sensor (4) and the atmospheric pressure value detected by pressure transducer also will be input to signal-processing board (12), and signal-processing board (12) is again to CO 2gas concentration carries out temperature, air pressure auto-compensation, thus obtains real CO 2the concentration of gas, by this CO 2concentration is input in fire alarm algorithm, thus judges whether there occurs fire in environment, whether carries out actuation of an alarm.
3. one according to claim 1 is based on CO 2the aircraft fire alarm detection method of gas concentration inspect, is characterized in that: fire alarm program, for CO in fire 2gas Conduce Disciplinarian, CO in air 2after gas access to plant, signal-processing board (12) receives measuring voltage V m, reference voltage V ref, temperature T mwith air pressure P mfour numerical value, first calculate gas concentration information variable C, to get rid of the light source fluctuation and environmental impact that may exist, then calculate corresponding concentration value then respectively according to temperature T mcalculate temperature compensation coefficient K 1carry out temperature compensation and air pressure P mcalculate atmospheric pressure compensating COEFFICIENT K 2carry out atmospheric pressure compensating, the gas concentration after being compensated this concentration is CO 2the actual concentration value of gas, during actual monitoring, is input in aircraft fire detection device alarm algorithm by this numerical value, timing utilizes last CO after arriving official hour 2gas concentration read value first CO 2gas concentration value and the time, CO in computing environment 2gas concentration rate of change, then judges CO 2whether gas concentration rate of change is abnormal, if concentration change speed is greater than 6ml/ (m 3﹒ s) be exception, if CO 2gas concentration rate of change is without exception, then record CO in environment 2gas background concentration value if CO 2gas concentration rate of change is abnormal then sends early warning warning to crew, and calculates CO 2gas concentration changing value then CO is judged 2gas concentration changing value whether abnormal, if concentration change value is greater than 200ml/m 3be exception, if CO 2gas concentration value variation abnormality then carries out actuation of an alarm, and sounds the alarm and carry out continuous print prompting to crew, if CO 2gas concentration value change is without exception, proceeds monitoring.
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CN104833646A (en) * 2015-05-15 2015-08-12 苏州德锐朗智能科技有限公司 Detection device based on infrared CO2 sensor
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CN110361353A (en) * 2019-08-15 2019-10-22 深圳市诺安环境安全股份有限公司 Gas concentration detection device with self-adaptive light reflecting piece and alarm device
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