CN104458189A - Process layout method for conventional hypersonic speed wind tunnel - Google Patents
Process layout method for conventional hypersonic speed wind tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- CN104458189A CN104458189A CN201410554961.7A CN201410554961A CN104458189A CN 104458189 A CN104458189 A CN 104458189A CN 201410554961 A CN201410554961 A CN 201410554961A CN 104458189 A CN104458189 A CN 104458189A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a process layout method for a conventional hypersonic speed wind tunnel. The process layout method includes the steps that a fixed supporting base for bearing axial force of components before a test section of the conventional hypersonic speed wind tunnel is arranged on a heat pipeline before a front chamber, the test section is fixed immovably, and axial force generated by an ultra-expanding section in the bearing test of the fixed supporting base is set; the front chamber can move toward the side of the axis of the conventional hypersonic speed wind tunnel to provide space for replacing a spray pipe; two branches are arranged behind the ultra-expanding section, one branch is provided with an ejector, and the other branch is led to a vacuum container, and the two branches are each provided with a valve used for switching and selecting the branches. Due to the technical scheme, the conventional hypersonic speed wind tunnel can have two operation modes, and the capacity for simulating the flight height of an air vehicle of the conventional hypersonic speed wind tunnel is greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aerodynamic scope, particularly one conventional hypersonic wind tunnel process layout method.
Background technology
Hypersonic wind tunnel is finger to finger test gasflow mach number scope is the wind-tunnel of 5 ~ 12, for reappearing the flight environment of vehicle of hypersonic aircraft, carry out the simulation test of dummy vehicle in this environment, and measure correlation parameter, aerodynamic parameter when obtaining aircraft flight from these test parameterss.Conventional hypersonic wind tunnel adopts resistance or heat storage-type heater to improve the stagnation temperature of test air-flow usually.Because needing during wind tunnel operation to consume very large power, hypersonic wind tunnel mostly is and rushes formula structure temporarily, and the change of Mach number obtains mainly through changing different jet pipes, and test section is free jet formula of remaining silent, for meeting the arrangement requirement of view window, jet pipe stretches into certain distance in test section.Wind-tunnel mainly contains three kinds of operational modes: bottom blowing type, blowing and drawing type and suction guide type.Wherein, blow down wind tunnel upstream is high-pressure air source, and downstream is air, and the pressure ratio of wind-tunnel is maintained by the high pressure of source of the gas completely; Pressure-vacuum wind tunnel upstream is high-pressure air source, and downstream is vacuum tank, the high pressure of pressure ratio by upstream of wind-tunnel and the vacuum common guarantee in downstream; The pressure ratio of blowdown-ejection wind tunnel maintains jointly by high-pressure air source with through the low pressure that airflow injection produces in diffuser.
The process layout of existing conventional hypersonic wind tunnel mostly is blowing and drawing type or suction guide type, axial force during wind tunnel test is born primarily of hold-down support, hold-down support is arranged on below cup, when changing jet pipe, for jet pipe is taken out from test section, test section need move backward, and jet pipe and test section are thrown off completely, the jet pipe needed for changing after removing anterior connection.The analog capability of the aircraft altitude achieved by this layout type is limited, because test section needs movable, add the complex structure degree of test section, and the ultra-expanded section after test section needs to arrange stretching structure moves forward and backward to meet test section, make the complex structure of ultra-expanded section, require higher to motive seal.When wind-tunnel adopts blowing and drawing type layout, aforesaid way is difficult to meet higher vacuum level requirements, because which limit the analog capability of wind-tunnel for aircraft altitude.The layout method of existing wind-tunnel can meet the demands for small-bore wind-tunnel and the less demanding wind-tunnel of simulated altitude, but when wind tunnel nozzle outlet diameter is greater than 1m, test section cross-sectional size size reaches 3m × 3m magnitude, construction weight reaches 50 tons, realize it move and locate comparatively difficulty, especially, when simulated altitude reaches 50 ~ 60km, hole body vacuum tightness will reach 1Pa, and leak rate is not more than 10
-4paL/s, the moving-members such as telescopic joint are difficult to the requirement reaching required vacuum tightness and leak rate.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problem of prior art, embodiments provide a kind of process layout's method of conventional hypersonic wind tunnel, it comprises: be arranged on by the first hold-down support on the hot channel between the cup of described conventional hypersonic wind tunnel and well heater, wherein, described first hold-down support is for bearing the axial force of the forepiece of described conventional hypersonic wind tunnel test section at the trial, and the forepiece of described test section comprises the hot channel of described conventional hypersonic wind tunnel, cup and jet pipe; Described jet pipe is inserted certain distance in described test section, and is connected between described jet pipe with the front face of described test section; Be arranged on by second hold-down support on described test section, wherein, described second hold-down support is for bearing the back part of the test section of described conventional hypersonic wind tunnel and becoming the axial force of attack angle mechanism generation, and the back part of described test section comprises: ultra-expanded section; Dual level slide mechanism is set in the below of described cup, moves along the axis of described conventional hypersonic wind tunnel and the direction of vertical described conventional hypersonic wind tunnel axis to make described cup.
In process layout as above method, preferably, be connected by bellows expansion joint between described jet pipe with the front face of described test section.
In process layout as above method, preferably, described dual level slide mechanism comprises: base fixed mount, the first line slideway auxiliary, travelling carriage, the second line slideway auxiliary, the first driving mechanism, the second driving mechanism and cup bracing frame; Described base fixed mount and earth surface, for providing support; Described first line slideway auxiliary is arranged on described base fixed mount with its axial direction perpendicular to the mode of described conventional hypersonic wind tunnel axis direction; Described travelling carriage is arranged on described first line slideway auxiliary; Described first driving mechanism is connected with described travelling carriage, moves along the axial direction of described first line slideway auxiliary for driving described travelling carriage; The mode that described second line slideway auxiliary is parallel to described conventional hypersonic wind tunnel axis direction with its axial direction is arranged on described travelling carriage; Described cup bracing frame is arranged on described second line slideway auxiliary, and is positioned at the below of described cup, and described second driving mechanism is connected with described cup bracing frame, moves along the axial direction of described second line slideway auxiliary for driving described cup bracing frame.
In process layout as above method, preferably, described cup is with described hot channel with all adopt screw bolt and nut to be connected between described cup with described jet pipe; Axis direction along described bolt has water jacket on the external thread of described bolt; Axis direction along described nut has inside groove on the internal thread of described nut, and the position of described inside groove on described internal thread is corresponding with the position of described water jacket on described external thread.
In process layout as above method, preferably, described external thread and described internal thread are buttless thread.
In process layout as above method, preferably, described process layout method also comprises: after described ultra-expanded section, be provided with two branch roads; Article one, branch road comprises injector and the first valve, and described injector is communicated with described ultra-expanded section by described first valve; Another branch road comprises: vacuum and the second valve, and described vacuum tank is communicated with described ultra-expanded section by described second valve.
In process layout as above method, preferably, described first valve and described second valve are vacuum valve.
In process layout as above method, preferably, the driving fluid of described injector comes from the source of the gas of described conventional hypersonic wind tunnel.
In process layout as above method, preferably, another branch road described also comprises refrigeratory, and described refrigeratory is arranged between described second valve and described vacuum tank.
In process layout as above method, preferably, described injector is three grades of injectors.
The beneficial effect that the embodiment of the present invention is brought is as follows:
First hold-down support of component axial power before bearing test chamber is arranged on the hot channel before cup, test section maintains static, and the axial force that when hold-down support bears test, ultra-expanded section produces is set, the space changed needed for jet pipe is obtained by mobile cup, namely room can aweather be moved hole axis side, and changing for jet pipe provides space test section and ultra-expanded section to be fixed part, can realize reliable vacuum seal, make hole body vacuum tightness reach 1Pa, leak rate is less than 10
-4paL/s, solves conventional hypersonic wind tunnel large-size components and moves, locates and the difficult problem such as sealing.
Two branch roads are set behind ultra-expanded section and changeable, make wind-tunnel possess two kinds of operational modes, greatly improve the test simulation ability of wind-tunnel, make wind-tunnel can realize the simulation requirement of aircraft in 50 ~ 60km altitude state.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of a kind of process layout's method based on conventional hypersonic wind tunnel that the embodiment of the present invention provides.
Embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiment of the present invention is described further in detail.
The hold-down support bearing axial force is arranged on below cup by process layout's mode of existing wind-tunnel, the mode adopting test section to move forward and backward obtains the space changing jet pipe, add the complex structure degree of test section, need to solve test section simultaneously and move, locate and the relevant issues such as sealing; In addition, ultra-expanded section needs to arrange stretching structure, and its slipper seal cannot meet higher vacuum requirement.In the method for operation, existing wind-tunnel only uses suction guide type or a kind of method of operation of blowing and drawing type, and the altitude simulation of wind-tunnel is limited in one's ability.For this reason, see Fig. 1, embodiments provide a kind of process layout's method of conventional hypersonic wind tunnel, this conventional hypersonic wind tunnel comprises: be sequentially connected in series and pipeline after the source of the gas 1 be communicated with, well heater 2, hot channel 3, cup 4, jet pipe 5, test section 6, ultra-expanded section 7 and ultra-expanded section.The forepiece of test section comprises the hot channel 3 of conventional hypersonic wind tunnel, cup 4 and jet pipe 5; The back part of test section comprises ultra-expanded section 7.
After ultra-expanded section, pipeline can be the branch road comprising vacuum valve 81 and vacuum tank 8, and therefore this branch road is called vacuum branch road, and during application, ultra-expanded section 7, vacuum valve 81 are sequentially connected in series with vacuum tank 8 and are communicated with; Can also be the branch road comprising injector 9, therefore this branch road be called injection branch road, and during application, ultra-expanded section 7 is sequentially connected in series with injector 9 and is communicated with; Can also for comprising two branch roads: a branch road (or being called injection branch road) comprises injector 9 and the first valve, injector is communicated with ultra-expanded section by the first valve; Another branch road (or being called vacuum branch road) comprising: vacuum and the second valve, and vacuum tank is communicated with ultra-expanded section by the second valve.Namely after ultra-expanded section, arrange two branch roads, a branch road is provided with injector 9, and another branch road is provided with vacuum tank 8.Two branch roads arrange the first valve respectively select for the switching of branch road, thus make wind-tunnel have two kinds of operational modes, greatly improve wind-tunnel to the analog capability of aircraft altitude.The concrete operations of applying these two branch roads are: when adopting injection branch road to run wind-tunnel, by the first valve closing on vacuum branch road, the first valve opening on injection branch road; When adopting vacuum branch road to run, by the first valve closing of injection branch road, by the first valve opening of vacuum branch road, and vacuum pumping is carried out to hole body.First valve and the second valve are preferably vacuum valve 81,91 (or vacuum valve).It should be noted that, the driving fluid of the injector 9 in above-mentioned injection branch road preferably comes from the source of the gas of this conventional hypersonic wind tunnel; In other examples, injector 9 configuration driving fluid source of the gas separately can also be given.Injector is preferably three grades of injectors.In reality, be provided with the 3rd valve 13 between source of the gas 1 and well heater 2, be provided with the 4th valve 14 between hot channel 3 and well heater 2, it is preferably high-temperature high pressure valve.
After test, the air-flow of ultra-expanded section ejection is thermal current, that is the air-flow entering vacuum branch road is thermal current, because gas flow temperature is higher, it is faster that pressure in vacuum tank 8 rises, the pressure of vacuum tank 8 is made to be raised to the out-of-work pressure of wind-tunnel very soon, thus substantially reduce the working time of a wind tunnel test, cause meeting the test request required for test.In order to avoid above-mentioned phenomenon occurs, between vacuum tank and the second valve, arrange refrigeratory, it enters vacuum tank 8 again after being lowered the temperature by the thermal current after test.
Embodiments provide a kind of process layout's method of conventional hypersonic wind tunnel, it comprises:
Be arranged on the hot channel between the cup of conventional hypersonic wind tunnel and well heater by the first hold-down support 10, wherein the first hold-down support 10 is for bearing the axial force of the forepiece of conventional hypersonic wind tunnel test section at the trial;
Jet pipe 5 is inserted certain distance in test section 6, and is connected between jet pipe 5 with the front face of test section 6;
Be arranged on test section 5 by the second hold-down support 11, wherein, the second hold-down support 11 is for bearing the back part of the test section of conventional hypersonic wind tunnel and becoming the axial force of attack angle mechanism generation;
Dual level slide mechanism 12 is set in the below of cup 4, moves along the axis of conventional hypersonic wind tunnel and the direction of vertical conventional hypersonic wind tunnel axis to make cup 4.
Connected mode between jet pipe 5 and the front face of test section 6 can be that flange bolt is connected, in order to absorb swelling heat, connected mode preferably flexibly connects, more preferably bellows expansion joint, namely it is not directly bolted for adopting between jet pipe 5 and test section 6, but connected by bellows expansion joint, during connection, bellows expansion joint is enclosed within jet pipe 5 and exports outside, jet pipe 5 and bellows expansion joint adopt flange bolt to be connected, bellows expansion joint is also connected by flange bolt with test section 6, make between jet pipe 5 with test section 6, to realize relative motion in a small amount under the prerequisite of guarantee sealing like this.Absorbing thermal expansion is mainly thermal current because of air-flow during hypersonic wind tunnel experiment, reach as high as the temperature of a few Baidu, when wind tunnel operation, parts such as hot channel, cup, the jet pipe etc. of thermal current process have temperature rise in various degree, temperature variation produces expands with heat and contract with cold, therefore, jet pipe can movement in a small amount backward.Because test section 6 is fixing, the amount of movement meeting compresses bellows pipe expansion joint of jet pipe 5, as long as this amount of movement is in the deformation range that bellows expansion joint allows, would not have an impact to sealing; If it is mobile to limit this small amount of, can produce larger impact to the stress level of the above-mentioned parts of wind-tunnel, the stress allowable value exceeding parts may have an accident.
Dual level slide mechanism moves along the direction of the axis of conventional hypersonic wind tunnel and vertical this wind-tunnel axis for driving cup 4, and it comprises: base fixed mount, the first line slideway auxiliary, travelling carriage, the second line slideway auxiliary, the first driving mechanism, the second driving mechanism and cup bracing frame.
Particularly, base fixed mount and earth surface, for providing support; First line slideway auxiliary is arranged on base fixed mount with its axial direction perpendicular to the mode of conventional hypersonic wind tunnel axis direction; Travelling carriage is arranged on the first line slideway auxiliary; First driving mechanism is connected with travelling carriage, move along the axial direction of the first line slideway auxiliary for driving travelling carriage, particularly, first driving mechanism can comprise: ball screw assembly, and the drive motor with leading screw and screw, the output shaft of drive motor is connected to drive leading screw to rotate with leading screw, screw is arranged on travelling carriage, during use, the rotation telemechanical of motor drives leading screw rotary motion, and then drive screw to move along the direction perpendicular to wind-tunnel axis, thus travelling carriage is driven to move along the direction perpendicular to wind-tunnel axis; The mode that second line slideway auxiliary is parallel to conventional hypersonic wind tunnel axis direction with its axial direction is arranged on travelling carriage; Cup bracing frame is arranged on the second line slideway auxiliary, and is positioned at the below of cup; Second driving mechanism is connected with cup bracing frame, move along the axial direction of the second line slideway auxiliary for driving cup bracing frame, particularly, second driving mechanism can comprise driving oil cylinder, one end of oil cylinder is driven to be connected with travelling carriage, the other end is connected with cup bracing frame, and under the driving driving oil cylinder, cup bracing frame can move along wind-tunnel axis on travelling carriage along the second line slideway auxiliary.
The use principle of double-deck sliding support is as follows: base fixed mount is arranged in lowermost end, be arranged on the foundation of civil work of wind-tunnel by foot bolt, on the top of this support, line slideway auxiliary is installed, the axial direction of line slideway auxiliary and wind-tunnel axes normal, travelling carriage is arranged on fixed mount top by line slideway auxiliary, the driving of its motion uses ball screw assembly, and drive motor, the screw of ball screw assembly, is arranged on travelling carriage, the support member of leading screw is arranged on fixed mount, travelling carriage can be driven linearly to move perpendicular to the direction of wind-tunnel axis on guide rail edge on fixed mount when drive motor drives leading screw to rotate, the top of travelling carriage is installed also has line slideway auxiliary, cup bracing frame is arranged on travelling carriage top by line slideway auxiliary, oil cylinder one end is driven to be connected with travelling carriage, the other end is connected with cup bracing frame, under the driving driving oil cylinder, cup bracing frame can linearly move along wind-tunnel axis by guide rail on travelling carriage, cup is arranged on cup bracing frame, namely achieves the movement of cup along wind-tunnel axis and vertical wind tunnel axial direction.
In reality, the cup 4 of wind-tunnel is all connected by bolt and nut or bolt and nut with between jet pipe 5 with the cup 4 of hot channel 3 and wind-tunnel, such as: with external thread on sawtooth screw rod, screw thread is serrate, and sawtooth nut is with internal thread, and screw thread is also serrate, two parts: cup 4 and hot channel 3 and screwing by buttless thread between cup 4 with jet pipe 5 is connected, in order to the requirement of satisfied locking, the length of threaded engagement is longer, especially needs sawtooth screw rod multi-turn rotation to realize.For reaching the object connected fast, the axis direction along bolt has water jacket on the external thread of bolt; Axis direction along nut has inside groove on the internal thread of nut, and the position of inside groove on internal thread is corresponding with the position of water jacket on external thread, and the bolt now claiming to have a water jacket is quick connection lock locking structure with the nut having an inside groove.
The use procedure of quick-connection locking mechanism is as follows: by the buttless thread of sawtooth screw rod and sawtooth nut angularly segmentation slot and excise, screw thread is made to become the tooth structure alternate with groove, the position of tooth and sawtooth nut is had by sawtooth screw rod to have the position of groove to align, screw rod can be inserted into the distance needed in nut, sawtooth nut is rotated to an angle, make screw rod have the position of tooth and nut to have the position of tooth to screw, can complete and connect locking.
In order to realize above-mentioned action, sawtooth nut needs to be arranged on supporting seat, and can do the rotation of certain angle in supporting seat; Swivel eye is arranged on sawtooth nut, for being connected with driving oil cylinder, oil cylinder one end is driven to be connected with swivel eye, the other end is connected with supporting seat, by driving the flexible rotary motion that can realize sawtooth nut certain angle of oil cylinder, sawtooth screw rod and sawtooth nut are installed to respectively and need on the parts that are connected, as jet pipe and cup, the quick connection lock that can realize two parts is tight.
Below the process steps of the process layout's method adopting the embodiment of the present invention to provide when changing jet pipe is described in detail:
When changing jet pipe 5, test section 6 body maintains static, first the automatic locking mechanism between jet pipe 5 and cup 4 is unlocked, and move little segment distance to test section 6 side, itself and cup 4 are departed from completely, then the automatic locking mechanism between cup 4 and High Temperature High Pressure hot channel 3 is unlocked and departs from completely, afterwards, moved to side by cup 4, changing for jet pipe 5 provides space; Disengaging will be flexibly connected between jet pipe 5 and test section 6, jet pipe 5 is moved forward along wind-tunnel axis, makes jet pipe 5 completely extract in test section and remove, the jet pipe of required Mach number is mounted on wind-tunnel axis, and reverse operating above-mentioned steps, complete the replacing of jet pipe.
Process layout's method of the conventional hypersonic wind tunnel that the present invention proposes, adopt and rush formula layout type temporarily, possess blowing and drawing type (only comprising the mode of vacuum branch road) and suction guide type (only comprising the mode of injection branch road) two kinds of operational modes and interchangeable, in actual installation process, wind tunnel noumenon adopts upper and lower two-layer layout, wind-tunnel main structural component is arranged in two layers of experiment hall, one deck arranges the supporting various pipes valve system of the energy.Two branch roads leading to injector and vacuum tank adopt the mode of arranging up and down, and injection branch road is arranged in two layers, and the threeway section of vacuum branch road behind ultra-expanded section turns to one deck, make full use of solid space, make two layers of experiment hall neatly spacious, meanwhile, by safe and reliable
To sum up, the beneficial effect that brings of the embodiment of the present invention is as follows:
First hold-down support of component axial power before bearing test chamber is arranged on the hot channel before cup, test section maintains static, and the axial force that when hold-down support bears test, ultra-expanded section produces is set, the space changed needed for jet pipe is obtained by mobile cup, namely room can aweather be moved hole axis side, and changing for jet pipe provides space test section and ultra-expanded section to be fixed part, can realize reliable vacuum seal, make hole body vacuum tightness reach 1Pa, leak rate is less than 10
-4paL/s, solves conventional hypersonic wind tunnel large-size components and moves, locates and the difficult problem such as sealing.
Two branch roads are set behind ultra-expanded section and changeable, make wind-tunnel possess two kinds of operational modes, greatly improve the test simulation ability of wind-tunnel, make wind-tunnel can realize the simulation requirement of aircraft in 50 ~ 60km altitude state.
The unspecified part of the present invention belongs to general knowledge as well known to those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. process layout's method of conventional hypersonic wind tunnel, is characterized in that, described process layout method comprises:
First hold-down support is arranged on the hot channel between the cup of described conventional hypersonic wind tunnel and well heater, wherein, described first hold-down support is for bearing the axial force of the forepiece of described conventional hypersonic wind tunnel test section at the trial, and the forepiece of described test section comprises the hot channel of described conventional hypersonic wind tunnel, cup and jet pipe;
Described jet pipe is inserted certain distance in described test section, and is connected between described jet pipe with the front face of described test section;
Be arranged on by second hold-down support on described test section, wherein, described second hold-down support is for bearing the back part of the test section of described conventional hypersonic wind tunnel and becoming the axial force of attack angle mechanism generation, and the back part of described test section comprises: ultra-expanded section;
Dual level slide mechanism is set in the below of described cup, moves along the axis of described conventional hypersonic wind tunnel and the direction of vertical described conventional hypersonic wind tunnel axis to make described cup.
2. process layout according to claim 1 method, is characterized in that, is connected between described jet pipe with the front face of described test section by bellows expansion joint.
3. process layout according to claim 1 method, is characterized in that, described dual level slide mechanism comprises: base fixed mount, the first line slideway auxiliary, travelling carriage, the second line slideway auxiliary, the first driving mechanism, the second driving mechanism and bracing frame;
Described base fixed mount and earth surface, for providing support;
Described first line slideway auxiliary is arranged on described base fixed mount with its axial direction perpendicular to the mode of described conventional hypersonic wind tunnel axis direction;
Described travelling carriage is arranged on described first line slideway auxiliary;
Described first driving mechanism is connected with described travelling carriage, moves along the axial direction of described first line slideway auxiliary for driving described travelling carriage;
The mode that described second line slideway auxiliary is parallel to described conventional hypersonic wind tunnel axis direction with its axial direction is arranged on described travelling carriage;
Described cup bracing frame is arranged on described second line slideway auxiliary, and is positioned at the below of described cup;
Described second driving mechanism is connected with described cup bracing frame, moves along the axial direction of described second line slideway auxiliary for driving described cup bracing frame.
4. process layout according to claim 1 method, is characterized in that, described cup is with described hot channel and all adopt screw bolt and nut to be connected between described cup with described jet pipe;
Axis direction along described bolt has water jacket on the external thread of described bolt;
Axis direction along described nut has inside groove on the internal thread of described nut, and the position of described inside groove on described internal thread is corresponding with the position of described water jacket on described external thread.
5. process layout according to claim 1 method, is characterized in that, described external thread and described internal thread are buttless thread.
6. process layout according to claim 1 method, is characterized in that, described process layout method also comprises: after described ultra-expanded section, be provided with two branch roads;
Article one, branch road comprises injector and the first valve, and described injector is communicated with described ultra-expanded section by described first valve;
Another branch road comprises: vacuum and the second valve, and described vacuum tank is communicated with described ultra-expanded section by described second valve.
7. process layout according to claim 6 method, is characterized in that, described first valve and described second valve are vacuum valve.
8. process layout according to claim 6 method, is characterized in that, the driving fluid of described injector comes from the source of the gas of described conventional hypersonic wind tunnel.
9. according to process layout according to claim 6 method, it is characterized in that, another branch road described also comprises refrigeratory, and described refrigeratory is arranged between described second valve and described vacuum tank.
10. process layout according to claim 6 method, is characterized in that, described injector is three grades of injectors.
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| RU2770320C1 (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2022-04-15 | Акционерное общество "Центральный научно-исследовательский институт машиностроения" (АО "ЦНИИмаш") | Gas-dynamic pressure chamber |
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