CN104454514B - 叶片泵 - Google Patents

叶片泵 Download PDF

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CN104454514B
CN104454514B CN201410470206.0A CN201410470206A CN104454514B CN 104454514 B CN104454514 B CN 104454514B CN 201410470206 A CN201410470206 A CN 201410470206A CN 104454514 B CN104454514 B CN 104454514B
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radius
internal periphery
rotor
cam ring
vane pump
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CN104454514A (zh
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I·戈伊
T·许泽
D·马尔堡
U·舒伯特
T·V·费尔南德斯
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Hella GmbH and Co KGaA
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Hella KGaA Huek and Co
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/30—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
    • F04C18/34—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
    • F04C18/344—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member
    • F04C18/3446—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member the inner and outer member being in contact along more than one line or surface
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2/00—Rotary-piston machines or pumps
    • F04C2/30—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
    • F04C2/34—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in groups F04C2/08 or F04C2/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
    • F04C2/344—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in groups F04C2/08 or F04C2/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member
    • F04C2/3441—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in groups F04C2/08 or F04C2/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member the inner and outer member being in contact along one line or continuous surface substantially parallel to the axis of rotation
    • F04C2/3442—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in groups F04C2/08 or F04C2/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member the inner and outer member being in contact along one line or continuous surface substantially parallel to the axis of rotation the surfaces of the inner and outer member, forming the working space, being surfaces of revolution
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C14/00—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations
    • F04C14/18—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations characterised by varying the volume of the working chamber
    • F04C14/22—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations characterised by varying the volume of the working chamber by changing the eccentricity between cooperating members
    • F04C14/223—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations characterised by varying the volume of the working chamber by changing the eccentricity between cooperating members using a movable cam
    • F04C14/226—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations characterised by varying the volume of the working chamber by changing the eccentricity between cooperating members using a movable cam by pivoting the cam around an eccentric axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2220/00—Application
    • F04C2220/10—Vacuum
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2250/00—Geometry
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2250/00—Geometry
    • F04C2250/30—Geometry of the stator
    • F04C2250/301—Geometry of the stator compression chamber profile defined by a mathematical expression or by parameters

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Rotary Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种叶片泵，包括泵壳体，在其中构造有凸轮环，且设置转子，其可围绕旋转轴转动地容纳在凸轮环中，凸轮环具有设有可变半径的内轮廓，该半径在最大半径(rmax)和最小半径(rmin)之间沿围绕旋转轴的周向方向变化，且在内轮廓和转子之间的径向间隙中形成多个行程区，行程区包括在其中形成的泵室，且在转子上容纳有叶片元件，其在凸轮环的内轮廓上滑动并且沿周向方向限定泵室。根据本发明，内轮廓的半径(r)绕旋转轴(13)根据下述函数变化：r0＝(rmax+rmin)/2、a＝(rmax‑rmin)/2且

Description

叶片泵
技术领域
本发明涉及一种包括泵壳体的叶片泵，在泵壳体中构造或设有凸轮环，并且设置转子，该转子可围绕旋转轴转动地容纳在凸轮环中，所述凸轮环具有设有可变半径的内轮廓，该半径在最大半径和最小半径之间沿围绕旋转轴的周向方向变化，并且在内轮廓和转子之间的径向间隙中形成多个行程区，所述行程区具有在其中构成的泵室，所述泵室形成所谓叶片室，并且在转子上容纳有叶片元件，所述叶片元件在凸轮环的内轮廓上滑动并且沿周向方向限定泵室。
背景技术
由DE 10 2004 002 076A1公开了一种具有泵壳体的叶片泵，并且在泵壳体中容纳有凸轮环。转子可围绕旋转轴转动地设置在凸轮环内，并且凸轮环具有内轮廓，在转子围绕旋转轴转动时容纳于转子上的叶片元件相对内轮廓滑动。由此形成行程区，每个行程区具有多个泵室，这些泵室沿周向方向通过叶片元件被限定。
凸轮环可动地容纳在泵壳体内，以致凸轮环可从与转子同心的布置中移动出，从而可形成具有可变容积的行程区，并且当具有叶片元件的转子转动时，则每个行程区的容积增大和减小，所述行程区沿周向方向通过叶片元件被划分，以便形成各个泵室。基于泵室容积的增大和减小可从可与吸入管接头连接的吸入孔吸入流体，并且该流体在通过泵室在转子转动角度上相应减小被压缩后被供应给压力孔，从而流体可压缩地通过压力孔再次泄出泵室。凸轮环的内轮廓在此相应于圆形轨道，尽管凸轮环可从旋转轴移出。
GB 848,760 A示出一种具有多个行程区的叶片泵，所述行程区在凸轮环的内轮廓和转子之间延伸。凸轮环的内轮廓具有多个凹部，这些凹部具有圆柱区段形式的轮廓。因此沿圆周分布地形成六个行程区，弹簧加载的叶片元件的端部掠过这些行程区。
DE 43 03 115 A1公开了叶片泵的另一种实施方式，其具有凸轮环，转子可围绕旋转轴转动地容纳在凸轮环内，并且凸轮环的内轮廓具有椭圆形状。容纳在转子上并且随转子一起转动的叶片元件的外端部在内轮廓上滑动，并且清楚的是，通过构造椭圆形状来形成行程区的外边界可形成比借助凸轮环内轮廓所形成的且具有圆柱形状的行程区实现更大的泵室容积。
不利的是，椭圆形轮廓导致叶片泵在利用泵室的更大容积时不得不承受较大的磨损。当利用凸轮环的圆柱形内轮廓来形成行程区时，在磨损稍轻的情况下仅产生相对小的泵室容积，因此希望在此在不增大叶片泵的磨损的情况下提高泵室容积。
行程区在转子外轮廓上的径向高度越大，则叶片元件在其通过相对更大成形的(如在椭圆形状中产生的)内轮廓滑动而向外和再次向内的往复运动中加速就越快。这种加速特性除了增大磨损外还导致增多的噪音形成，因此还希望优化于内轮廓上滑动时的叶片室的加速曲线同时最小化噪音形成。
发明内容
本发明的任务在于提供一种叶片泵，其具有小的磨损和小的噪音形成，同时泵室的容积应尽可能大。叶片泵尤其是应适合用于车辆的制动助力装置。
该任务从本发明的叶片泵出发结合特征部分特征得以解决。
本发明包含下述技术教导：围绕旋转轴的内轮廓的半径根据下述函数变化：其中r0＝(rmax+rmin)/2，a＝(rmax-rmin)/2并且
借助在圆柱坐标系中给出的用以形成根据本发明的内轮廓的函数可确定，与凸轮环的椭圆形内轮廓相比，叶片元件的加速特性得到改善，并且可确定更小的磨损和更小的噪音形成。当根据本发明的函数构造内轮廓时，得到具有下述半径的用于形成行程区的内轮廓，所述半径大于由凸轮环围绕旋转轴根据椭圆函数的内轮廓构成的半径。通过更大的半径形成叶片元件的外边缘与凸轮环的内轮廓之间接触的接触线的改善的特性，因为该接触线与椭圆形状相比可变地经过外边缘的顶部，由此最小化磨损。尤其是也通过削弱叶片元件的加速度峰值改善了叶片泵的运行。
基于根据本发明的用于构造内轮廓的函数，所述内轮廓可通过半径围绕旋转轴确定，该半径在其尺寸方面根据三角函数围绕平均半径变化。行程区的数量可以是n＝2、n＝3或n>3，其中n选自自然数。例如当n等于1时，则函数为
根据本发明的用于形成凸轮环内轮廓的半径函数在圆柱坐标系中给出，当然本发明也可延伸到用于描述与圆柱坐标系类似的在笛卡尔坐标系中给出的内轮廓的函数。
在行程区的数量为n＝2时，围绕旋转轴的内轮廓的半径在的角度上与凸轮环的椭圆形内轮廓的半径重叠四次。椭圆形轮廓在此可借助函数描述，其中rmin为椭圆形的主轴线并且rmax为副轴线。
叶片泵优选构成用于用在机动车的制动助力装置中，并且转子例如可以以1000转/分钟至10000转/分钟、优选3000转/分钟至8000转/分钟并且特别优选6000转/分钟的转速旋转。特别有利的是，叶片泵可具有电动马达，该电动马达驱动转子。
附图说明
下面参考附图借助本发明的优选实施例的说明详细阐述其它改进本发明的措施。附图如下：
图1为具有泵壳体和凸轮环的叶片泵的横截面图，容纳有叶片元件的转子在凸轮环内旋转；
图2为图1的局部图A；
图3为在n＝2形成两个行程区时根据本发明的内轮廓曲线与根据椭圆形式构造的内轮廓曲线的比较；且
图4为在n＝3形成三个行程区时根据本发明的内轮廓曲线与根据椭圆形式构造的内轮廓曲线的比较。
具体实施方式
图1示出具有泵壳体10的叶片泵1的横截面图，并且在泵壳体10中容纳有凸轮环11，该凸轮环设有内轮廓14。转子12可围绕旋转轴13转动地支承在凸轮环11内。在转子12上容纳有叶片元件16，当转子12围绕旋转轴13转动时，这些叶片元件以其外侧相对内轮廓14滑动。这样构造内轮廓14，使得形成两个行程区15，这两个行程区包括在其中形成泵室15'，所述行程区15彼此径向相对置并且泵室15'构成所谓的叶片室。泵室15'通过叶片元件16限定，因此由一个行程区15的容积形成多个泵室15'。吸入孔17通入第一行程区15中并且压力孔18通入相对置的第二行程区15中，在此吸入孔17与吸入管接头19流体连接。为了驱动转子12使用电动马达，该电动马达未示出地设置在泵壳体10内或泵壳体上并且可通过电气接口20借助电能运行。
内轮廓14在最小半径rmin和最大半径rmax之间变化，在此，例如rmax在12点位置达到并且rmin在3点位置达到，因此最大半径rmax和最小半径rmin之间的角度为
图2示出图1的局部图A，并且在约90°的扇段上示出凸轮环11的内轮廓14。半径r在此在0°被标记为最小半径rmin并且在90°被标记为最大半径rmax。示出借助本发明的函数确定的内轮廓14，此外对比地示出根据椭圆函数的内轮廓21。在此可以看出，内轮廓14关于旋转轴13的半径大于根据椭圆函数构造的内轮廓21。当转子12围绕旋转轴13旋转时，叶片元件16的外边缘在内轮廓14上滑动。通过进一步向外伸展的内轮廓14——其与根据椭圆函数的内轮廓21相比也导致具有泵室15'的行程区15的增大——叶片元件16从rmin开始并且在转子12逆时针转动时从其容纳槽22中进一步地伸出转子12，由此为叶片元件16的往复运动形成更为和谐的运动，并且叶片元件16的外侧和内轮廓14之间的接触线周期地往复游移经过叶片元件16外侧上的顶部，从而降低了磨损。
内轮廓14关于旋转轴13比根据椭圆函数的内轮廓21进一步向外伸展，并且在叶片元件16在位置rmin直到位置rmax的运动中叶片元件16较晚地逆着将叶片元件16压到内轮廓14上的离心力径向向内被挤压，因此也在更大的角度分布中减小磨损。
图3示出在行程区15的数量为n＝2时内轮廓14与根据椭圆函数的内轮廓21的比较，并且图4同样示出在行程区15的数量为n＝3时内轮廓14与根据椭圆函数的内轮廓21的比较。
本发明在其实施方面不局限于上面所给出的优选实施例。而是可考虑多种变型方案，其利用所展示的解决方案，即使在完全不同类型的实施方式中。所有由权利要求书、说明书或附图公开的特征和/或优点包括结构细节和空间布置不仅本身而且也可在不同组合中对于本发明是重要的。
附图标记列表
1 叶片泵
10 泵壳体
11 凸轮环
12 转子
13 旋转轴
14 内轮廓
15 行程区
15' 泵室
16 叶片元件
17 吸入孔
18 压力孔
19 吸入管接头
20 电气接口
21 根据椭圆函数的内轮廓
22 容纳槽
n 行程区的数量
rmin 最小半径
rmax 最大半径

Claims (9)

1.叶片泵(1)，包括泵壳体(10)，在所述泵壳体中构造或设有凸轮环(11)，并且设置转子(12)，所述转子可围绕旋转轴(13)转动地容纳在凸轮环(11)中，所述凸轮环(11)具有设有可变半径r的内轮廓(14)，所述半径在最大半径rmax与最小半径rmin之间沿围绕旋转轴(13)的周向方向变化，其中，在内轮廓(14)和转子(12)之间的径向间隙中形成n个行程区(15)，所述行程区包括在其中形成的泵室(15')，并且在转子(12)上容纳有叶片元件(16)，所述叶片元件(16)在凸轮环(11)的内轮廓(14)上滑动并且沿周向方向限定泵室(15')，其特征在于，所述内轮廓(14)的半径r围绕旋转轴(13)根据下述函数变化：
其中，
r0＝(rmax+rmin)/2，
a＝(rmax-rmin)/2并且
在rmin与rmax之间沿转子(12)的转动方向的相位角。
2.根据权利要求1的叶片泵(1)，其特征在于，用于形成行程区(15)的内轮廓(14)的半径r大于由凸轮环(11)围绕旋转轴(13)的根据椭圆函数的内轮廓(21)形成的半径。
3.根据权利要求1或2的叶片泵(1)，其特征在于，用于形成行程区(15)的所述内轮廓(14)通过半径r围绕旋转轴(13)确定，所述半径在其尺寸方面根据函数围绕平均半径r0变化，其中，r0＝(rmax+rmin)/2。
4.根据权利要求1或2的叶片泵(1)，其特征在于，所述行程区(15)的数量n为n＝2、n＝3或n>3。
5.根据权利要求1或2的叶片泵(1)，其特征在于，所述转子(12)以1000转/分钟至10000转/分钟的转速旋转。
6.根据权利要求3的叶片泵(1)，其特征在于，在行程区(15)的数量为n＝2时，围绕旋转轴(13)的内轮廓(14)的半径r在的角度上与凸轮环(11)的椭圆形内轮廓的半径重叠四次。
7.根据权利要求1或2的叶片泵(1)，其特征在于，所述叶片泵构造用于用在机动车的制动助力装置中。
8.根据权利要求5所述的叶片泵(1)，其特征在于，所述转子(12)以3000转/分钟至8000转/分钟的转速旋转。
9.根据权利要求5所述的叶片泵(1)，其特征在于，所述转子(12)以6000转/分钟的转速旋转。
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