CN104453711B - A kind of automatic vertical drilling tool - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic vertical drilling tool. An upper support suspension unit, an upper power unit, a measurement control storage unit, a lower power unit, a lower support suspension unit and execution unit. The device of the present invention inputs the edited control program into the circuit board in the measurement, control and storage unit before going into the well, and when the turntable drives the tool to rotate, it directly controls the rotation and stability of the torque shaft through the lower power unit, thereby realizing the control of the flow channel. The switch function makes the three execution pistons of the execution unit stretch out under the action of mud pressure when the tool rotates to the high side (upper well wall position), and pushes the telescopic execution palm connected to it to the high side (upper well wall position), Thereby the drill bit is forced to cut the low side (downhole wall) vigorously, and completes the function instruction of correcting the deviation while drilling.

Description

An automatic vertical drilling tool

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of petroleum machinery and equipment, and relates to an automatic vertical drilling tool.

Background technique

With the continuous expansion and deepening of the field of petroleum exploration and development, the workload of exploration and development of high-steep structures and strata with large dip angles in the piedmont is increasing. key.

Many foreign companies have successfully researched and applied anti-deviation and straightening automatic vertical drilling tools in the field, namely the Verti-Trak system of the American Baker Hughes company and the ZBE2/3/4/5000 system of the German Smart Drilling company. The development of vertical drilling tools is relatively mature, but the disadvantage is that the solenoid valves, hydraulic cylinders and other components of the system are easy to wear and get stuck, resulting in system failure and prone to sticking.

Most of the prototypes successfully developed in China adopt the static push-to-rest mode of action in structure, while the dynamic push-to-rest prototypes only "bind" the inertial sensitive elements directly on the stable platform of the system, and rotate synchronously with the stable platform to complete the well. Eye track control.

It is of great significance to develop an automatic vertical drilling tool that can not only overcome the weakness of foreign vertical drilling tools that are prone to failure, but also be different from the domestic simple dynamic push-to-type full-rotation automatic vertical drilling tool for greatly improving the overall efficiency of oil and gas drilling in my country.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an automatic vertical drilling tool, which solves the problems in the prior art that the tool electromagnetic valve, hydraulic cylinder and other components are worn and stuck, which leads to system failure and the problem of drill sticking; at the same time, it also solves the problem of Simple tying of dynamic pushes to the problem of a single form of control.

The technical solution adopted in the present invention is an automatic vertical drilling tool, in which an upper support suspension unit, an upper power unit, a measurement and control storage unit, a lower power unit, a lower Supports the suspension unit and the actuator unit.

The automatic vertical drilling tool of the present invention is also characterized in that:

The structure of the upper support suspension unit includes an upper support sleeve arranged on the upper part of the inner cavity of the tool outer cylinder, and the support sleeve is fixedly connected with the tool outer cylinder through two upper outer cylinder bolts in the radial direction; the inner wall of the support sleeve is sequentially arranged from top to bottom There are bearing one, upper support positioning sleeve, deep groove ball bearing one, and upper supporting piston; bearing one, upper support positioning sleeve, deep groove ball bearing one are jointly connected with the upper support of the upper motor mandrel.

The structure of the upper power unit is that the upper outer cylinder of the upper motor is set on the outer surface of the lower part of the spindle of the upper motor through the second bearing, the second deep groove ball bearing and the third deep groove ball bearing, and the upper turbine is installed on the outer edge of the upper end of the outer cylinder of the upper motor. , an upper motor sealing cap is arranged between the inner wall of the upper turbine, the top of the second bearing and the upper motor spindle.

The structure of the lower power unit is that the lower motor outer cylinder is set on the outer surface of the upper part of the lower motor shaft through bearing four, deep groove ball bearing four and deep groove ball bearing five, and the lower turbine is set on the outer edge of the upper end of the lower motor outer cylinder. A lower motor sealing cap is arranged between the inner wall of the outer cylinder of the lower motor, the top of the four bearings and the mandrel of the lower motor.

The structure of the measurement, control and storage unit includes the outer cylinder of the electronic warehouse. An electronic warehouse plug is arranged between the upper edge of the outer cylinder of the electronic warehouse and the lower edge of the spindle of the upper motor. The lower end of the outer cylinder of the electronic warehouse is provided with an electronic warehouse cooling block along the inner wall. A main skeleton of the electronic warehouse is arranged in the cavity between the plug of the warehouse and the cooling block of the electronic warehouse, and a circuit board is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the main skeleton of the electronic warehouse.

The structure of the lower support suspension unit is, including the lower support top cover and the deep groove ball bearing six set on the outer circle of the lower part of the lower motor mandrel, and the lower motor mandrel is supported by the lower support top cover and the deep groove ball bearing six and the lower support sleeve connection, a slide block is installed in the chute on the outer surface of the lower support sleeve, and the slide block is fixedly connected with the lower part of the outer cylinder of the tool.

The structure of the execution unit is that it includes the execution body buckled with the lower end of the tool outer cylinder, the upper end of the torque shaft of the inner cavity of the execution body is coaxially connected with the lower motor mandrel, the lower end of the torque shaft is coaxially fixed with the column valve, and the outer circumference of the column valve is set There is a valve seat, and the valve seat is fixed and set in the inner wall of the inner cavity of the executive body by countersunk bolts; the executive palm is arranged in the groove on the outer wall of the executive body, and the executive piston is arranged in the space formed between the executive palm and the inner wall of the groove on the outer wall of the executive body. The upper and lower ends of the executive palm are respectively topped with palm pressing blocks, and the palm pressing blocks at the upper and lower positions are fixedly connected with both ends of the outer wall groove of the executive body; there are connected inner holes between the column valve and the valve seat, the executive body, and the executive piston in sequence The channels together form the liquid flow distribution channel in the inner cavity.

The beneficial effect of the present invention is that through the autonomous guidance of the tool, the measurement of the inclination angle and the tool face angle of the wellbore trajectory near the drill bit, and the independent deflection prevention and deflection correction of the vertical wellbore can be achieved without reducing the normal drilling pressure. In the case of the above-mentioned conditions, ensure that the maximum inclination angle error of the drilled vertical well section does not exceed the technical requirements of 1°. The device is a drilling system based on the principle of automatic control and autonomous guidance designed for the needs of the vertical drilling technology of oil wells, with high reliability, long life and strong sensitivity. Meet the needs of drilling engineering to the greatest extent.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the upper section structure of the tool of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the lower section of the tool of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the upper functional section of the tool of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the lower functional section of the tool of the present invention.

In the figure, 1. Tool outer cylinder, 2. Upper support sleeve, 3. Bearing 1, 4. Upper support positioning sleeve, 5. Deep groove ball bearing 1, 6. Upper outer cylinder bolt, 7. Upper support piston, 8. Upper motor sealing cap, 9. Upper turbine, 10. Bearing 2, 11. Deep groove ball bearing 2, 12. Upper motor outer cylinder, 13. Upper motor spindle, 14. Deep groove ball bearing 3, 15. Electronic warehouse plug Head, 16. Electronic warehouse outer cylinder, 17. Circuit board, 18. Electronic warehouse main frame, 19. Electronic warehouse heat sink, 20. Lower motor sealing cap, 21. Lower turbine, 22. Bearing four, 23. Deep groove ball Bearing four, 24. lower motor outer cylinder, 25. deep groove ball bearing five, 26. lower motor mandrel, 27. lower support top cover, 28. lower support sleeve, 29. deep groove ball bearing six, 30. lower outer Barrel bolt, 31. slider, 32. torque shaft, 33. executive body, 34. valve seat, 35. column valve, 36. bolt one, 37. executive piston, 38. executive slap, 39. slap pressure block, 40 . Countersunk bolts.

detailed description

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

The invention is a drilling tool based on the principle of automatic control, autonomous guidance, high reliability, long service life and strong sensitivity, which is designed for the needs of the vertical drilling technology of oil wells.

Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the structure of the present invention is that an upper support suspension unit, an upper power unit, a measurement and control storage unit, a lower The power unit, the lower support suspension unit and the execution unit, the upper port of the tool is connected with the MWD nipple through a threaded buckle, the lower port of the tool is connected with the drill bit,

The structure of the upper support suspension unit includes an upper support sleeve 2 arranged on the upper part of the inner cavity of the tool outer cylinder 1, and the support sleeve 2 is fixedly connected to the tool outer cylinder 1 through two upper outer cylinder bolts 6 in the radial direction; on the inner wall of the support sleeve 2 Bearing one 3, upper supporting positioning sleeve 4, deep groove ball bearing one 5, upper supporting piston 7 are arranged in sequence from top to bottom; The upper part of the shaft 13 is supported and connected. The working principle of this part is: bearing 1 3, upper support positioning sleeve 4, and deep groove ball bearing 1 5 are installed in the upper support sleeve 2, and then the upper support sleeve 2 with the bearing is fixed outside the tool by the upper outer cylinder bolt 6 The inner wall of cylinder 1 forms an upper support suspension structure, which is mainly used to support the upper motor spindle 13 in the shaft system, and the upper support piston 7 balances the pressure in the inner cavity of the upper support sleeve 2.

The power unit includes the upper power unit (the full name is the upper turbine generator power unit) and the lower power unit (the full name is the lower turbine generator control power unit). The structure of the two is equivalent, and the working principle is basically the same.

The structure of the upper power unit is that the outer circular surface of the lower part of the upper motor mandrel 13 is equipped with the upper motor outer cylinder 12 through the bearing two 10, the deep groove ball bearing two 11, and the deep groove ball bearing three 14, and the upper motor outer cylinder 12 is upper. The outer edge is covered with an upper turbine 9, and an upper motor sealing cap 8 is arranged between the inner wall of the upper turbine 9, the top of the bearing two 10 and the upper motor mandrel 13 to realize the sealing between the three. The installation method of the upper power unit is: firstly put the bearing two 10, the deep groove ball bearing two 11, and the deep groove ball bearing three 14 on the upper motor mandrel 13, then put it into the upper motor outer cylinder 12, The outer cylinder 12 of the upper motor is fastened to the sealing cap 8 of the upper motor and the upper turbine 9 to form a power unit of the upper turbine generator. The upper power unit mainly supplies power for the measurement, control and storage unit;

The structure of the lower power unit is that the outer circular surface of the lower motor mandrel 26 is equipped with the lower motor outer cylinder 24 through the bearing four 22, the deep groove ball bearing four 23 and the deep groove ball bearing five 25, and the lower motor outer cylinder 24 upper end A lower turbine 21 is arranged along the sleeve, and a lower motor sealing cap 20 is arranged between the inner wall of the lower motor outer cylinder 24, the top of the bearing four 22 and the lower motor mandrel 26 for sealing between the three. The installation method of this lower power unit is: the bearing four 22, the deep groove ball bearing four 23, the deep groove ball bearing five 25 are set on the lower motor mandrel 26, and then it is packed into the lower motor outer cylinder 24, and the lower motor The outer cylinder 24 is buckled up to connect the lower motor sealing cap 20 and the lower turbine 21 to form a lower turbine generator control power unit. The lower power unit mainly provides control power for executing the control shaft.

The structure of the measurement, control and storage unit is to include an electronic warehouse outer cylinder 16, an electronic warehouse plug 15 is arranged between the upper edge of the electronic warehouse outer cylinder 16 and the lower edge of the upper motor mandrel 13, (the electronic warehouse outer cylinder 16, the electronic warehouse plug 15 It is fixedly connected with the upper motor mandrel 13), the lower end of the electronic warehouse outer cylinder 16 is provided with an electronic warehouse cooling block 19 along the inner wall, and an electronic warehouse is arranged in the cavity between the electronic warehouse plug 15 and the electronic warehouse cooling block 19. The main frame 18 is fixed with a circuit board 17 on the outer wall of the electronic warehouse main frame 18 . The installation method of the measurement, control and storage unit is: install the circuit board 17 and the electronic warehouse cooling block 19 on the electronic warehouse main framework 18, connect the electronic warehouse plug 15 and the electronic warehouse main framework 18, and then buckle with the electronic warehouse outer cylinder 16 A measurement, control and storage unit is formed. The circuit board 17 of the measurement, control and storage unit is installed in the cavity, and the measurement and storage of information are completed during operation, and the rotation or stability of the control torque shaft is completed.

The structure of the lower support suspension unit is to include a lower support top cover 27 and a deep groove ball bearing six 29 which are sleeved on the lower outer circle of the lower motor mandrel 26, and the lower motor mandrel 26 passes through the lower support top cover 27 and the deep groove ball bearing six 29 is supported and connected with the lower support sleeve 28, and a slide block 31 is installed in the chute on the outer surface of the lower support sleeve 28, and the slide block 31 is fixedly connected with the lower part of the tool outer cylinder 1 through the lower outer cylinder bolt 30. This lower support suspension unit installation method is: lower support top cover 27, deep groove ball bearing six 29 and slide block 31 are installed together with lower support sleeve 28, it is integrally installed on the lower motor mandrel 26, the lower outer The barrel bolt 30 is penetrated by the tool outer barrel 1 and fastened with the slider 31 to form a lower support suspension unit. The lower support sleeve 28 can move up and down relative to the slider 31 and is mainly used to support the lower motor spindle 26 in the shaft system.

The structure of the execution unit is that it includes an execution body 33 that is buckled with the lower end of the tool outer cylinder 1, the upper end of the torque shaft 32 in the inner chamber of the execution body 33 is coaxially connected with the lower motor spindle 26, and the lower end of the torque shaft 32 is connected with the lower end of the torque shaft 32 by a bolt 36. The column valve 35 is coaxially fixed, the outer periphery of the column valve 35 is fitted with a valve seat 34, and the valve seat 34 is fixed and set in the inner wall of the inner cavity of the actuator body 33 by means of countersunk bolts 40; The space formed between 38 and the inner wall of the outer wall groove of the executive body 33 is provided with an executive piston 37, and the upper and lower ends of the executive palm 38 are connected with palm pressing blocks 39 respectively. The two ends are fixedly connected; the column valve 35, the valve seat 34, the actuator body 33, and the actuator piston 37 are sequentially provided with a connected inner hole channel, which together form an inner cavity liquid flow distribution channel. The execution unit installation method is: torque shaft 32, valve seat 34, column valve 35, bolt one 36, execution piston 37, execution palm 38, palm pressing block 39, and countersunk bolt 40 are loaded into the execution body 33 to form the execution unit. The execution unit controls the opening of the corresponding flow channel in the column valve 35 through the rotation of the torque shaft 32, and three execution pistons 3 are evenly arranged along the circumference, so that the execution piston 37 protrudes radially under the action of the mud pressure and will contact with it The retractable palm 38 is pushed to the high side, so that a downward force is generated near the drill bit, forcing the wellbore to return to the vertical track, and the technical requirements (functional instructions) for correcting the deviation while drilling are completed.

The working principle of the device of the present invention is that before the whole tool goes down the well, the edited control program is input into the circuit board 7 in the measurement, control and storage unit, and when the turntable drives the tool to rotate, the upper and lower support suspension units play a supporting role. 1. The effect of the axial fixation of the lower motor mandrel (13 and 26) is equivalent to indirectly supporting the upper and lower power units and the measurement, control and storage unit to fix the axial position. When the mud washes the upper turbine 9, the upper power unit winds the upper motor mandrel 13. Rotating power supply supplies power to the measurement, control and storage unit. When the mud washes down the turbine 21, the internal program of the measurement, control and storage unit indirectly controls the output level by controlling the rotation speed of the lower power unit. The lower power unit provides control power for the torque shaft and is directly controlled by the lower power unit. The rotation and stabilization of the torque shaft 32 realizes the switching function of the flow channel, so that the three execution pistons 37 of the execution unit will protrude under the action of mud pressure when the tool rotates to the high side (the position of the upper well wall), and will be connected to it. The telescopic execution palm 38 is pushed to the high side (upper shaft wall), thereby forcing the drill bit to cut the lower side (lower shaft wall) vigorously, and completes the functional command of drilling while advancing and correcting the deviation.

The tool of the present invention is designed for the needs of the vertical drilling technology of oil wells. Through the autonomous guidance technology of the system, it is guaranteed that the well deviation, azimuth, and tool face angle of the wellbore trajectory near the drill bit can be completed without reducing the normal drilling pressure. Drilling system for information measurement, well trajectory autonomous deflection prevention and correction.

Claims (6)

1. An automatic vertical drilling tool, characterized in that: an upper support suspension unit, an upper power unit, a measurement and control storage unit, a lower power unit, a lower support suspension unit and executive unit; The structure of the upper support suspension unit includes an upper support sleeve (2) arranged on the upper part of the inner cavity of the tool outer cylinder (1), and the upper support sleeve (2) radially passes through two upper outer cylinder bolts (6) and The tool outer cylinder (1) is fixedly connected; the inner wall of the upper support sleeve (2) is sequentially provided with a bearing (3), an upper support positioning sleeve (4), a deep groove ball bearing (5), and an upper support piston (7); Bearing one (3), upper support positioning sleeve (4), deep groove ball bearing one (5) are jointly supported and connected with the upper part of the upper motor mandrel (13). 2. The automatic vertical drilling tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: the structure of the upper power unit is composed of two bearings (10), deep groove balls on the outer surface of the lower part of the upper motor mandrel (13). Bearing two (11), three deep groove ball bearings (14) are collectively set with upper motor outer cylinder (12), upper end outer edge of upper motor outer cylinder (12) is equipped with upper turbine (9), upper turbine (9) inner wall, An upper motor sealing cap (8) is arranged between the top of the bearing two (10) and the upper motor mandrel (13). 3. The automatic vertical drilling tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: the structure of the measurement, control and storage unit includes the outer cylinder of the electronic warehouse (16), the upper edge of the outer cylinder of the electronic warehouse (16) and the upper motor mandrel (13) The electronic warehouse plug (15) is arranged between the lower end, and the electronic warehouse cooling block (19) is arranged at the lower end of the electronic warehouse outer cylinder (16) along the inner wall, and the electronic warehouse plug (15) and the electronic warehouse cooling block The cavity between (19) is provided with electronic warehouse main frame (18), and circuit board (17) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of electronic warehouse main frame (18). 4. The automatic vertical drilling tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: the structure of the lower power unit is composed of bearing four (22), deep groove ball bearings on the outer surface of the upper part of the lower motor mandrel (26). Four (23), five (25) of deep groove ball bearings are suitably equipped with lower motor urceolus (24), and the upper end outer edge of lower motor urceolus (24) is equipped with lower turbine wheel (21), and lower motor urceolus (24) inner wall 1. A lower motor sealing cap (20) is arranged between the top of the bearing four (22) and the lower motor mandrel (26). 5. The automatic vertical drilling tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: the structure of the lower support suspension unit includes a lower support top cover (27) which is sleeved on the outer circle of the lower part of the lower motor mandrel (26) And deep groove ball bearing six (29), the lower motor mandrel (26) is supported and connected with the lower support sleeve (28) by the lower support top cover (27) and deep groove ball bearing six (29), and the lower support sleeve (28) A slide block (31) is installed in the outer surface chute, and the slide block (31) is fixedly connected with the tool outer cylinder (1) bottom. 6. The automatic vertical drilling tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: the structure of the execution unit includes an execution body (33) buckled with the lower end of the tool outer cylinder (1), the execution body (33 ) The upper end of the torque shaft (32) in the inner cavity is coaxially connected with the lower motor mandrel (26), the lower end of the torque shaft (32) is coaxially fixed with the column valve (35), and the outer circumference of the column valve (35) is covered with a valve seat (34 ), the valve seat (34) is fixed and set in the inner wall of the inner cavity of the executive body (33) by means of countersunk bolts (40); the outer wall groove of the executive body (33) is provided with an executive palm (38), and the executive palm (38) and the executive The space formed between the inner wall of the outer wall groove of the body (33) is provided with an execution piston (37), and the upper and lower ends of the execution palm (38) are respectively topped with palm pressing blocks (39), and the upper and lower positions of the palm pressing blocks (39) It is fixedly connected with both ends of the groove on the outer wall of the actuator body (33); there are connected inner hole channels between the column valve (35) and the valve seat (34), the actuator body (33), and the actuator piston (37) in sequence, forming a joint Fluid flow distribution channels in the lumen.