CN104453711B - A kind of automatic vertical drilling tool - Google Patents

A kind of automatic vertical drilling tool Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104453711B
CN104453711B CN201410612485.XA CN201410612485A CN104453711B CN 104453711 B CN104453711 B CN 104453711B CN 201410612485 A CN201410612485 A CN 201410612485A CN 104453711 B CN104453711 B CN 104453711B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
urceolus
groove ball
deep groove
ball bearing
electronics storehouse
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Application number
CN201410612485.XA
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Chinese (zh)
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CN104453711A (en
Inventor
王闻涛
王小通
闫永宏
赵磊
闫文辉
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
China National Petroleum Corp
Baoji Oilfield Machinery Co Ltd
CNPC National Oil and Gas Drilling Equipment Engineering Technology Research Center Co Ltd
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Baoji Oilfield Machinery Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201410612485.XA priority Critical patent/CN104453711B/en
Publication of CN104453711A publication Critical patent/CN104453711A/en
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/04Directional drilling
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B44/00Automatic control systems specially adapted for drilling operations, i.e. self-operating systems which function to carry out or modify a drilling operation without intervention of a human operator, e.g. computer-controlled drilling systems; Systems specially adapted for monitoring a plurality of drilling variables or conditions
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/02Determining slope or direction
    • E21B47/022Determining slope or direction of the borehole, e.g. using geomagnetism
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/04Directional drilling
    • E21B7/10Correction of deflected boreholes

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of automatic vertical drilling tool, be disposed with from top to bottom in the inner chamber of instrument urceolus supporting suspension unit, on power unit, observing and controlling memory cell, lower power unit, lower supporting suspension unit and performance element.Assembly of the invention, in circuit board in the control program input observing and controlling memory cell will finished before going into the well, when driven by rotary disc instrument rotary work, directly control the rotation of torque axis by lower power unit and stablize, thus realize the switching function to runner, three the execution pistons making performance element stretch out under the effect of mud pressure when instrument rotates to flash (upper borehole wall position), by coupled scalable execution palm ejection to flash (the upper borehole wall), thus force drill bit effectively to cut low limit (the lower borehole wall), complete brill limit, limit and enter the function command of well straightening.

Description

A kind of automatic vertical drilling tool
Technical field
The invention belongs to petroleum machinery equipment technical field, relate to a kind of automatic vertical drilling tool.
Background technology
Constantly expanding and going deep into, High-Steep Conformation, large dip angle strata along with oil exploration and development fields Work of exploration and development amount increasing, to a certain extent hole deviation problem become restriction these regional explorations Development quality, the key of economic results in society.
External You Duo company studies successfully and applies deviation control with drilling straight well automatic vertical drilling tool at the scene, It is respectively Verti-Trak system and the Smart Drilling company of Germany of Baker Hughes company of the U.S. ZBE2/3/4/5000 system etc., although external vertical drilling tool development relative maturity, but shortcoming is The elements such as the magnetic valve of its system, hydraulic cylinder easily wear and tear, stuck, cause the system failure, card easily occur Bore phenomenon.
Mostly use the mode of action of static backup on the domestic prototype structure succeeded in developing, and adopt in structure With the model machine of dynamic push reclining only by inertia sensitive element directly " binding " on the stabilized platform of system, With stabilized platform synchronous rotary and complete hole trajectory control.
Develop a kind of weakness that external vertical drilling tool can be overcome easily to break down, state can be different from again The automatic vertical drilling tool of the full rotation of interior simple dynamic push reclining, bores for China's oil gas is greatly improved Well overall efficiency has very important significance.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of automatic vertical drilling tool, solve present in prior art Because of component abrasion such as instrument magnetic valve, hydraulic cylinder, stuck, cause the system failure, asking of bit freezing easily occurs Topic;The problem simultaneously also solving the single control form that simple cluster dynamic push leans on.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is, a kind of automatic vertical drilling tool, in instrument urceolus Chamber is disposed with supporting suspension unit, upper power unit, observing and controlling memory cell, lower dynamic from top to bottom Power unit, lower supporting suspension unit and performance element.
The automatic vertical drilling tool of the present invention, its feature also resides in:
Upper supporting suspension cellular construction is, including the upper support set on the outer tube inner chamber top of the instrument that is arranged on, Support set is fixed with instrument urceolus radial through two upper urceolus bolts and is connected;At support set inwall from top to bottom It is disposed with bearing one, upper support positioning sleeve, deep groove ball bearing one, upper support piston;Bearing one, Upper support positioning sleeve, deep groove ball bearing one are connected with the movement axle upper support that powers on jointly.
Upper power unit structure is, is included in the movement axle bottom outer round surface that powers on by bearing two, zanjon Ball bearing two, deep groove ball bearing three are set with motor urceolus jointly, and outer, upper motor urceolus upper end is set with Have upper turbine, above upper turbine inwall, bearing two and power on be provided with between movement axle power on secret sealing cap.
Lower power unit structure is, is included in lower motor mandrel top outer round surface by bearing four, zanjon Ball bearing four, deep groove ball bearing five are set with lower motor urceolus jointly, and outer, lower motor urceolus upper end is set with There is lower turbine, above lower motor outer tube inner wall, bearing four and be provided with lower motor between lower motor mandrel close Sealing cap.
Observing and controlling memory cell structure is, including electronics storehouse urceolus, electronics storehouse urceolus upper end edge and the movement axle that powers on Being provided with electronics storehouse plug between lower end edge, electronics storehouse urceolus lower end edge inwall is provided with the heat radiation of electronics storehouse Block, is provided with electronics storehouse main framing, at electricity in the cavity between electronics storehouse plug and electronics storehouse radiating block Sub-storehouse main framing outer wall is installed with circuit board.
Lower supporting suspension cellular construction is, including lower the support being sleeved on the cylindrical of lower motor mandrel bottom Lid and deep groove ball bearing six, lower motor mandrel is by lower support top cover and deep groove ball bearing six and lower support set Supporting and connect, be provided with slide block in lower support set outer surface chute, slide block is fixing with instrument urceolus bottom even Connect.
The structure of performance element is, including the execution body with instrument urceolus lower end edge snapping, performs body The torque axis upper end of inner chamber is coaxially connected with lower motor mandrel, and torque axis lower end is coaxially fixed with column valve, post Valve periphery is set with valve seat, and valve seat utilizes countersunk bolt to be fixedly set in execution chamber body inwall;Hold Row body outer wall groove is provided with execution palm, performs palm and perform between body outer wall groove inner wall Being provided with execution piston in the space constituted, performing the upper and lower two ends of palm apical grafting respectively has palm briquetting, on The palm briquetting of lower position is fixing with execution body outer wall groove two ends to be connected;Column valve and valve seat, perform basis It is disposed with the bore passage of connection between body, execution piston, collectively constitutes intracavity liquid flow point flow road.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, by the autonomous guidance of instrument, complete wellbore trajectory at nearly drill bit Hole angle, the measurement of tool face azimuth, the most anti-oblique and well straightening of vertical boreholes, reach just do not reducing Often in the case of the pressure of the drill, it is ensured that the straight well section maximum hole angle error the being drilled to technology requirement less than 1 °. This device be need for oil well vertical drilling technique and the one that designs based on Automatic Control Theory, autonomous The well system that the reliability height of formula guidance, life-span length, sensitivity are strong, is not affecting the same of bit speed Shi Tigao wellbore quality, also can at utmost meet the needs of drilling engineering.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the top section structural representation of inventive article;
Fig. 2 is the compresses lower section structural representation of inventive article;
Fig. 3 is the top function section schematic diagram of inventive article;
Fig. 4 is the bottom function section schematic diagram of inventive article.
In figure, 1. instrument urceolus, 2. go up support set, 3. bearing one, 4. on support positioning sleeve, 5. deep-groove ball Bearing one, 6. goes up urceolus bolt, 7. on support piston, the secret that 8. powers on sealing cap, 9. go up turbine, 10. bearing Two, 11. deep groove ball bearings two, motor urceolus on 12., 13. power on movement axle, 14. deep groove ball bearings three, 15. electronics storehouse plugs, 16. electronics storehouse urceolus, 17. circuit boards, 18. electronics storehouse main framings, 19. electronics storehouses dissipate Hot block, 20. times motor seal caps, 21. times turbines, 22. bearings four, 23. deep groove ball bearings four, 24. times electricity Machine urceolus, 25. deep groove ball bearings five, 26. times motor mandrels, 27. times support top covers, 28. times support sets, 29. deep groove ball bearings six, 30. times urceolus bolts, 31. slide blocks, 32. torque axis, 33. execution bodies, 34. Valve seat, 35. column valves, 36. bolts one, 37. execution pistons, 38. execution palms, 39. palm briquettings, 40. Countersunk bolt.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is described in detail with detailed description of the invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The present invention be a kind of for oil well vertical drilling technique need and design based on Automatic Control Theory, The drilling tool that the reliability height of autonomous guidance, life-span length, sensitivity are strong.
With reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, the structure of the present invention is, in the inner chamber of instrument urceolus 1 It is disposed with supporting suspension unit, upper power unit, observing and controlling memory cell, lower power list from top to bottom Supporting suspension unit first, lower and performance element, the upper port of this instrument is by spiral shell button and MWD pipe nipple Connecting, the lower port of this instrument connects drill bit,
Upper supporting suspension cellular construction is, including being arranged on the upper support set 2 on instrument urceolus 1 inner chamber top, Support set 2 is fixed with instrument urceolus 1 radial through two upper urceolus bolts 6 and is connected;In support set 2 Wall is disposed with bearing 1, upper support positioning sleeve 4, deep groove ball bearing 1, upper support from top to bottom Piston 7;Bearing 1, upper support positioning sleeve 4, deep groove ball bearing 1 common with power on movement axle 13 Upper support connects.This part operation principle is: bearing 1, upper support positioning sleeve 4, deep-groove ball axle Hold in the one 5 upper support sets 2 of loading, then be will be equipped with the upper support set 2 of bearing by upper urceolus bolt 6 and fix At instrument urceolus 1 inwall, thus the upper supporting suspension structure of composition, it is mainly used to powering in support shaft system Movement axle 13, the pressure of upper support set 2 inner chamber of upper support piston 7 balance.
Power unit includes power unit (turbogenerator power unit on full name) and lower power unit (under full name, turbogenerator controls power unit), both structures are suitable, and operation principle is basically identical,
Upper power unit structure is, be included in power on movement axle 13 bottom outer round surface by bearing 2 10, Deep groove ball bearing 2 11, deep groove ball bearing 3 14 are set with motor urceolus 12, upper motor urceolus jointly 12 outer, upper ends are set with turbine 9, above upper turbine 9 inwall, bearing 2 10 with power on movement axle The secret sealing cap 8 that powers on it is provided with, it is achieved to the sealing between three between 13.The peace of power unit on this Dress mode is: first install to power on by bearing 2 10, deep groove ball bearing 2 11, deep groove ball bearing 3 14 set On movement axle 13, then it is loaded in motor urceolus 12, motor on upper motor urceolus 12 snapping Sealing cap 8 and upper turbine 9, turbogenerator power unit on composition, on this, power unit is mainly Observing and controlling memory cell is powered;
Lower power unit structure is, be included in lower motor mandrel 26 top outer round surface by bearing 4 22, Deep groove ball bearing 4 23, deep groove ball bearing 5 25 are set with lower motor urceolus 24, lower motor urceolus jointly 24 outer, upper ends are set with lower turbine 21, with lower electricity above lower motor urceolus 24 inwall, bearing 4 22 Lower motor seal cap 20, the sealing between three it is provided with between movement axle 26.This lower power list The mounting means of unit is: bearing 4 22, deep groove ball bearing 4 23, deep groove ball bearing 5 25 set are installed to In lower motor mandrel 26, then it is loaded in lower motor urceolus 24, snapping on lower motor urceolus 24 Lower motor seal cap 20 and lower turbine 21, the lower turbogenerator of composition controls power unit, this lower power Unit is mainly for performing to control axle offer control power.
Observing and controlling memory cell structure is, including electronics storehouse urceolus 16, electronics storehouse urceolus 16 upper end edge with power on Electronics storehouse plug 15 it is provided with, (electronics storehouse urceolus 16, electronics storehouse plug between movement axle 13 lower end edge 15 fixing with movement axle 13 three that powers on are connected), electronics storehouse urceolus 16 lower end edge inwall is provided with electronics Storehouse radiating block 19, is provided with electronics in the cavity between electronics storehouse plug 15 and electronics storehouse radiating block 19 Storehouse main framing 18, in electronics storehouse, main framing 18 outer wall is installed with circuit board 17.This observing and controlling memory cell Mounting means is: circuit board 17, electronics storehouse radiating block 19 are arranged on electronics storehouse main framing 18, will Electronics storehouse plug 15, electronics storehouse main framing 18 are deposited with the composition observing and controlling of electronics storehouse urceolus 16 snapping after connecting again Unit, the circuit board 17 of this observing and controlling memory cell is installed in the cavities, complete during work information measurement, Store and complete to control the rotation of torque axis or stable.
Lower supporting suspension cellular construction is, including lower be sleeved on the cylindrical of lower motor mandrel 26 bottom Support lid 27 and deep groove ball bearing 6 29, lower motor mandrel 26 is by lower support top cover 27 and deep-groove ball Bearing 6 29 supports with lower support set 28 and is connected, and is provided with slide block in lower support set 28 outer surface chute 31, slide block 31 is connected by lower urceolus bolt 30 and instrument urceolus 1 bottom are fixing.This lower supporting suspension Unit mounting means is: lower support top cover 27, deep groove ball bearing 6 29 and slide block 31 and lower support set 28 are installed together, and its entirety are installed in lower motor mandrel 26, by lower urceolus bolt 30 by instrument outside Cylinder 1 penetrates supporting suspension unit lower with slide block 31 snapping composition, and lower support set 28 can be relative to slide block 31 move up and down, the lower motor mandrel 26 being mainly used in support shaft system.
The structure of performance element is, including the execution body 33 with instrument urceolus 1 lower end edge snapping, performs Torque axis 32 upper end of body 33 inner chamber is coaxially connected with lower motor mandrel 26, torque axis 32 lower end profit Coaxially fixing with column valve 35 with bolt 1, column valve 35 periphery is set with valve seat 34, and valve seat 34 utilizes Countersunk bolt 40 is fixedly set in execution body 33 in cavity wall;Perform in body 33 unit with grooves in outer wall It is provided with execution palm 38, performs palm 38 and perform the sky constituted between body 33 unit with grooves in outer wall inwall Being provided with execution piston 37 between, performing palm about 38 two ends apical grafting respectively has palm briquetting 39, on The palm briquetting 39 of lower position is fixing with execution body 33 unit with grooves in outer wall two ends to be connected;Column valve 35 and valve Seat 34, perform body 33, perform to be disposed with between piston 37 bore passage of connection, common group Become intracavity liquid flow point flow road.This performance element mounting means is: torque axis 32, valve seat 34, column valve 35, bolt 1, execution piston 37, execution palm 38, palm briquetting 39, countersunk bolt 40 fill Enter to perform composition performance element in body 33.This performance element controls post by the rotation of torque axis 32 Corresponding runner in valve 35 is opened, and performs piston 3 and is circumferentially evenly arranged with three, so that performing Piston 37 extends radially out under the effect of mud pressure, is pushed away by the scalable execution palm 38 being in contact with it Top, to flash, makes to produce at nearly drill bit a drop angle power, forces well to return to vertical track, completes limit and bores Enter while the technology of well straightening requires (function command).
The operation principle of apparatus of the present invention is, whole instrument is before going into the well, and the control program that will finish inputs In circuit board 7 in observing and controlling memory cell, when driven by rotary disc instrument rotary work, upper and lower supporting suspension Unit plays the effect supporting upper and lower motor mandrel (13 and 26) axial restraint, is equivalent to indirectly prop up Supportted upper and lower power unit and observing and controlling memory cell position vertically fixed, when mud washes away turbine 9 on Power unit is that observing and controlling memory cell is powered around movement axle 13 rotary electrification that powers on, and mud washes away lower turbine 21 Time observing and controlling memory cell internal processes indirectly control its degree of exerting oneself by controlling the revolution of lower power unit, under Power unit provides for torque axis and controls power, is directly controlled the rotation of torque axis 32 by lower power unit Turn and stable, thus realize the switching function to runner, make three execution pistons 37 of performance element exist Instrument rotates to stretch out under the effect of mud pressure, by coupled during flash (upper borehole wall position) The ejection of scalable execution palm 38 is to flash (the upper borehole wall), thus forces drill bit effectively to cut low limit (the lower borehole wall), completes brill limit, limit and enters the function command of well straightening.
The instrument of the present invention is to need for oil well vertical drilling technique and design, by the autonomous type of system Guidance technology, it is ensured that in the case of not reducing normal the pressure of the drill, complete the hole deviation of wellbore trajectory at nearly drill bit, Orientation, the information measurement of tool face azimuth, the most anti-oblique well system with well straightening of wellbore trajectory.

Claims (6)

1. an automatic vertical drilling tool, it is characterised in that: from upper in the inner chamber of instrument urceolus (1) Be disposed with under to upper supporting suspension unit, upper power unit, observing and controlling memory cell, lower power unit, Lower supporting suspension unit and performance element;
Described upper supporting suspension cellular construction is, including being arranged on instrument urceolus (1) inner chamber top Upper support set (2), upper support set (2) is radial through two upper urceolus bolts (6) and instrument urceolus (1) Fixing connection;Bearing one (3), upper support it is disposed with from top to bottom at upper support set (2) inwall Positioning sleeve (4), deep groove ball bearing one (5), upper support piston (7);Bearing one (3), upper support are determined Position set (4), deep groove ball bearing one (5) are connected with movement axle (13) upper support that powers on jointly.
Automatic vertical drilling tool the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described is upper dynamic Power cellular construction is, be included in power on movement axle (13) bottom outer round surface by bearing two (10), Deep groove ball bearing two (11), deep groove ball bearing three (14) are set with motor urceolus (12) jointly, on Motor urceolus (12) outer, upper end is set with turbine (9), upper turbine (9) inwall, bearing two (10) Top is provided with, with powering on, the secret sealing cap (8) that powers between movement axle (13).
Automatic vertical drilling tool the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described observing and controlling Memory cell structure is, including electronics storehouse urceolus (16), electronics storehouse urceolus (16) upper end edge and upper motor Electronics storehouse plug (15), electronics storehouse urceolus (16) lower end edge it is provided with between mandrel (13) lower end edge Inwall is provided with electronics storehouse radiating block (19), in electronics storehouse plug (15) and electronics storehouse radiating block (19) Between cavity in be provided with electronics storehouse main framing (18), in electronics storehouse, main framing (18) outer wall is fixed Circuit board (17) is installed.
Automatic vertical drilling tool the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described is lower dynamic Power cellular construction is, be included in lower motor mandrel (26) top outer round surface by bearing four (22), Deep groove ball bearing four (23), deep groove ball bearing five (25) are set with lower motor urceolus (24) jointly, under Motor urceolus (24) outer, upper end is set with lower turbine (21), lower motor urceolus (24) inwall, axle Hold and be provided with lower motor seal cap (20) between four (22) tops and lower motor mandrel (26).
Automatic vertical drilling tool the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: described lower Support suspension unit structure is, including the lower support top cover being sleeved on the cylindrical of lower motor mandrel (26) bottom (27) and deep groove ball bearing six (29), lower motor mandrel (26) by lower support top cover (27) and Deep groove ball bearing six (29) supports with lower support set (28) and is connected, and lower support set (28) outer surface is sliding Being provided with slide block (31) in groove, slide block (31) is fixing with instrument urceolus (1) bottom to be connected.
Automatic vertical drilling tool the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described execution The structure of unit is, including the execution body (33) with instrument urceolus (1) lower end edge snapping, performs basis Torque axis (32) upper end of body (33) inner chamber is coaxially connected with lower motor mandrel (26), torque axis (32) Lower end is coaxially fixed with column valve (35), and column valve (35) periphery is set with valve seat (34), valve seat (34) Countersunk bolt (40) is utilized to be fixedly set in execution body (33) interior cavity wall;Perform body (33) Unit with grooves in outer wall is provided with execution palm (38), performs palm (38) and perform body (33) outer wall The space constituted between groove inner wall is provided with execution piston (37), performs palm (38) upper and lower two Apical grafting respectively is held to have palm briquetting (39), the palm briquetting (39) of upper-lower position and execution body (33) Unit with grooves in outer wall two ends are fixing to be connected;Column valve (35) and valve seat (34), perform body (33), perform work It is disposed with the bore passage of connection between plug (37), collectively constitutes intracavity liquid flow point flow road.
CN201410612485.XA 2014-11-04 2014-11-04 A kind of automatic vertical drilling tool Active CN104453711B (en)

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CN104453711B true CN104453711B (en) 2016-08-24

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Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106320999B (en) * 2016-08-18 2018-12-07 宝鸡石油机械有限责任公司 The hermetically sealed suspension of automatic vertical drilling tool supports
CN107489377B (en) * 2017-09-07 2019-01-22 宝鸡石油机械有限责任公司 A kind of electronics storehouse of automatic vertical drilling tool
CN108119066B (en) * 2017-11-28 2023-12-12 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 Bottom hole tool face anchor and method
CN110965940B (en) * 2019-12-24 2021-01-26 四川宝石机械石油钻头有限责任公司 Automatic vertical drilling device
CN112360349B (en) * 2020-12-10 2022-01-04 西南石油大学 Mechanical automatic vertical drilling tool

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Effective date of registration: 20210114

Address after: 721002 No.2 Dongfeng Road, Jintai District, Baoji City, Shaanxi Province

Patentee after: Baoji Oilfield Machinery Co.,Ltd.

Patentee after: CHINA NATIONAL PETROLEUM Corp.

Patentee after: CNPC national oil and gas drilling equipment Engineering Technology Research Center Co., Ltd

Address before: 721002 No. 2 Dongfeng Road, Shaanxi, Baoji

Patentee before: Baoji Oilfield Machinery Co.,Ltd.

TR01 Transfer of patent right