CN102619470B - Method for controlling transverse vibration of drill string in process of reaming while drilling - Google Patents
Method for controlling transverse vibration of drill string in process of reaming while drilling Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for controlling transverse vibration of drill string in the process of reaming while drilling and is applied to the field of petroleum and gas drilling operation. A measuring and transmitting pup joint is arranged above a reamer, and a transverse vibration control pup joint is arranged below the reamer; a transverse vibration monitoring and signal transmitting element is arranged in the measuring and transmitting pup joint to transmit a measured transverse vibration signal to a ground workstation and a bit direction; the transverse vibration control pup joint consists of a signal receiver, a downhole microprocessor, a solenoid valve, a hydraulic pump and a strengthening rib plate; and after the transverse vibration signal is received, the downhole microprocessor performs logical operation, adjusts the opening of the solenoid valve according to the intensity of the transverse vibration and controls extension or retraction of the strengthening rib plate. The strengthening rib plate extends to be supported on a wall of a well, so that the drill string is effectively straightened, and the transverse vibration amplitude of a pilot drill string is reduced; and moreover, the downhole closed-loop control of the transverse vibration of the drill string in the process of reaming while drilling can be realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the oil and gas well drilling technical field, particularly control and monitoring with boring the oscillation crosswise produced in the reaming hole process, the method for the drill string oscillation crosswise that is a kind of control when boring reaming hole.
Background technology
Be mainly pilot bit and drill-following reamer with boring the reaming hole drilling tool used of constructing, be connected by neck eye drill string between the two.The reaming hole process is usually followed violent oscillation crosswise, and oscillation crosswise Once you begin just is difficult to stop.This oscillation crosswise is difficult to from the ground installation monitoring and controls.In the last few years, the researcher just started the method that angle from optimizing structure proposes to reduce oscillation crosswise.
Mainly concentrate on test and the theoretical calculating to neck eye drill string oscillation crosswise to the achievement in research relevant with brill reaming hole drill string oscillation crosswise, only have a few studies person to propose to eliminate the method for oscillation crosswise.The people such as Jones point out, excessive oscillation crosswise, and the drill string stick-slip is usually followed the reaming hole process.The people such as Algu confirm by laboratory test, with boring reamer in the reaming hole process, can damage because of violent oscillation crosswise.The people such as Thomson have improved the cloth tooth method of PDC drill bit and reamer, and the two is better mated mutually, and test shows, through the reaming hole drilling assembly oscillation crosswise amplitude of optimizing the cloth tooth, reduces, and rate of penetration significantly improves.
At present, to the monitoring of drill string oscillation crosswise in the reaming hole process with to control two processes be separate.Observation process can realize by above or below reamer, installing and measuring instrument, and the method for controlling oscillation crosswise is mainly to change the drilling tool partial structurtes, or increases stabilizer in drill string.It is no doubt important that monitoring obtains the oscillation crosswise situation, yet data measured but can not be in time for instructing drilling process; The conventional method of controlling oscillation crosswise is only for the reaming hole drilling tool of ad hoc structure, do not have a versatility; And can not understand in time the duty of drill string.
Chinese patent notification number: CN1401878, provide a kind of " automatic vertical drilling tool ".Its technical scheme is: generator, measurement mechanism, control device all are placed in the ring-shaped cavity between inner and outer pipes, and the upper and lower side of drilling tool is connected with drilling rod, drill bit respectively; Drilling tool is placed under surface layer.Generator amature is arranged on the outer wall of inner tube; Stator is fixed on the inwall of outer tube by casing.The inclinometer that the accelerometer configured by three orthogonal thereto types of electromagnetic levitation type forms is arranged on the below of downhole generator.The sounding gear and the drill bit that hydrostatic sensor, filtering and amplifying circuit, consist of are adjacent.The electronic-controlled installation be comprised of data acquisition, signal amplification circuit filter etc. is connected with generator output end; Form by hydraulic pump, electromagnetic pressure proportioning valve etc. the below that hydraulic control device is positioned at electronic compartment; Hydraulic pump is connected with inner tube.It is deviational survey, well straightening automatically; Be applicable to drill industry.
Chinese patent notification number: CN2431393, provide a kind of " electromechanical hydraulic integrated automatic vertical drilling tool ".Can when hole deviation, carry out automatic detection inclination situation, and make on drill bit automatically to produce an additional drop angle power.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is: method and the control device thereof of drill string oscillation crosswise when a kind of control is provided with the brill reaming hole; will be with boring the monitoring of reaming hole drill string oscillation crosswise and controlling effective combination; realize effective righting of neck eye drill string by the downhole closed loop system; improve the stability of reaming hole process; protection reamer and pilot bit, and improve rate of penetration.
The technical solution used in the present invention is: the method for drill string oscillation crosswise while controlling with the brill reaming hole is characterized in that:
Step 1: pilot bit 4 is threaded in to the lower end that oscillation crosswise is controlled pipe nipple, and the upper end of controlling pipe nipple in oscillation crosswise connects drill-following reamer, in the upper end of drill-following reamer, connects to survey to pass pipe nipple, surveys the upper end that passes pipe nipple and connects well drilling pipe column; Will be with at the bottom of surveying the reaming hole drill string lower going-into-well that passes pipe nipple, drill-following reamer, oscillation crosswise control pipe nipple and pilot bit;
Step 2: rotary drill column starts the reaming hole drilling well, survey and pass in pipe nipple the element that is equipped with monitoring oscillation crosswise acceleration, survey to pass after pipe nipple records acceleration and be converted into data signal, signal passes to impulse generator and is converted into pulse signal, and impulse generator adopts the mud-pulse form to control the pipe nipple transmission of signal to oscillation crosswise subsequently.
Step 3: oscillation crosswise is controlled pipe nipple and mainly is comprised of mud pulse signal receiver, down-hole microprocessor, electromagnetic valve, hydraulic pump and righting assembly.The signal receiver return pulse signal, microprocessor under input well after conversion.The down-hole microprocessor carries out logical operation and judgement, adjusts the aperture of electromagnetic valve according to the oscillation crosswise severe degree.
Step 4: when milder with brill reaming hole drill string oscillation crosswise (the transverse acceleration absolute value is no more than 0.1g), the data that the down-hole microprocessor analysis receives, through logical operation, obtain the state (electromagnetic valve is normally open valve) that result does not change electromagnetic valve, maintain full-gear.Now, the rotor of hydraulic pump is by the drill string driven rotary, and hydraulic oil enters axle and the formed annular space of supporting positive cover and finally flows back to the entrance of hydraulic pump after the hydraulic circuit of righting assembly, electromagnetic valve, so moves in circles.The hydraulic cylinder of righting assembly although hydraulic oil is flowed through, can't apply hydraulic coupling to the piston in cylinder.The righting floor collapses in body under spring action, with the borehole wall, is separated.At this moment, central axis is horizontal free state.
Step 5: when reaming hole, to ad-hoc location, more serious oscillation crosswise (the transverse acceleration absolute value is greater than 0.1g) has occurred in drill string, and the down-hole microprocessor receives information and send control signal after the logic judgement, and the aperture of electromagnetic valve is reduced.The running of hydraulic power oil resistance that now circulates increases, so oil pressure raises, the hydraulic coupling acted on the piston of righting assembly hydraulic cylinder also increases thereupon.When hydraulic coupling is greater than the spring counter-force, piston is pushed out.The righting floor opens with piston movement, along supporting positive cover, radially outward stretches out and is supported on the borehole wall, and central axis is by effectively righting, and neck eye drill string has obtained firm support, thereby reduces the severe degree of its oscillation crosswise.The oscillation crosswise of drill-following reamer 2 and pilot bit also will obtain effectively and control.
Step 6: in the reaming hole drilling process, circulation execution step 4 and step 5.
Described survey passes pipe nipple and mainly is comprised of shell, impulse generator, pressing plate, prap, two-component accelerometer, winding displacement and battery, surveying and passing pipe nipple is that cylindrical has centre bore, survey the top and bottom that pass pipe nipple and process respectively the oil drill rocker standard thread, making survey pass pipe nipple can be connected with drilling rod.Pass on the outer wall of pipe nipple middle part 2～5 radially rectangular channels are arranged in survey.One of them radially installs two-component accelerometer in rectangular channel, other each radially in rectangular channel, be fixed with a battery.Connectivity slot is radially arranged between rectangular channel, arrange winding displacement in connectivity slot, winding displacement comprises transferring electric power line and transmission signal line.Cover plate is arranged at the top on rectangular channel radially, by bolt, cover plate is fixed on housing.Be provided with sealing mat between cover plate and shell, to guarantee good sealing effectiveness.A ring-shaped step of processing in the shell centre bore.Discoidal shunting disk is fixed on the ring-shaped step of shell centre bore; The shunting disk shunting disk has centre bore, is evenly distributed with six tap holes around centre bore; The upper end of impulse generator is fixed in shunting disk intracardiac.The radially rectangular channel bottom sides that two-component accelerometer is installed is processed a circular hole, is fixed with prap in circular hole.The inner of prap connects impulse generator by wire, and the outer end of prap connects two-component accelerometer by wire.
Described two-component accelerometer can adopt existing two-way acceleration of gravity meter to get final product, such as the EGA series accelerometer that can select U.S. Entran.
The pulse signal that described impulse generator sends is monitoring station transmission earthward both, also to oscillation crosswise, controls the down-hole microprocessor transmission of pipe nipple.
Described oscillation crosswise is controlled pipe nipple and mainly is comprised of axle, upper end bearing cover, supporting positive cover, execution battery, down-hole microprocessor, electromagnetic valve, cover plate and righting assembly; Axle is cylinder, is processed with centre bore; At the top of axle processing drilling tool thread, with drill-following reamer, match; The lower end of axle is the processing criterion drill rod thread also, with pilot bit, matches.
Processing ring-shaped step upwards on the outer wall of axle bottom, suit annular cover on axle, the lower surface of annular cover in the upper surface of ring-shaped step to contact; The external diameter of annular cover is identical with the external diameter of axle.Thrust bearing is installed in upper end at the annular cover, and thrust bearing is enclosed within on the outer wall of axle; On the outer wall of axle, cover has columnar supporting positive cover; The lower end of supporting positive cover on the axle outer wall and annular cover and thrust bearing in supporting positive cover inside; Top at supporting positive cover is fixed with the upper end bearing cover of an annular by screw, the upper end bearing cover is set in the outer wall of axle; Between axle and supporting positive cover, thrust bearing is installed, the lower surface of upper end bearing cover is fitted on the upper surface of thrust bearing; Supporting positive cover can freely rotate around axle.
The supporting positive cover external wall of upper portion is uniform three rectangular channels vertically, width of rectangular 60mm.Each rectangular channel is divided into three short grooves vertically from top to bottom, between adjacent two short grooves, by groove, is communicated with; In above-mentioned three short grooves, be fixed with the execution battery in the short groove of topmost, be fixed with signal receiver and down-hole microprocessor in the short groove in middle part, be fixed with electromagnetic valve in the short groove in bottom.Signal receiver is connected with the execution battery by wire respectively with electromagnetic valve with the down-hole microprocessor.
The short groove of carrying out battery and the short groove that signal receiver and down-hole microprocessor are installed are installed and are covered by cover plate and use bolt that cover plate 18 is fixed on supporting positive cover, sealing mat is set to guarantee excellent sealing effect between cover plate and supporting positive cover.The short groove that electromagnetic valve is installed is also covered by cover plate and uses bolt that cover plate is fixed on supporting positive cover.
Outer wall suit righting assembly at supporting positive cover.The righting assembly mainly is comprised of righting floor, hydraulic cylinder and hydraulic pump.Be drilled with circular slotted eye on the outer wall of supporting positive cover bottom, two circular slotted eyes are one group, and two circular slotted eyes are axially relative, and the distance between two circular slotted eyes is between 180～300mm; Be uniformly distributed three groups of circular slotted eyes on the outer wall of supporting positive cover bottom; Fix a hydraulic cylinder in each circular slotted eye; The outside of organizing circular slotted eye at each is fixed with an arc righting floor vertically, and the two ends of righting floor are embedded in groove, are fixed with fixed head on groove, between fixed head inboard and righting floor end, Compress Spring is arranged; The effect of Compress Spring is can reset in time after making to expand outwardly along supporting positive cover.The piston of hydraulic cylinder is connected with the righting floor is inboard.The piston of hydraulic cylinder promotes the righting floor and expands outwardly under hydraulic action; Be installed on the Compress Spring at righting floor two ends by compressed, the storage elastic potential energy simultaneously.After the suffered hydraulic coupling of the piston of hydraulic cylinder is reduced to a certain degree, Compress Spring discharges elastic energy, by righting floor pushed home; The piston reset of while hydraulic cylinder.
Hydraulic pump is arranged in the supporting positive cover lower end, and hydraulic pump is comprised of rotor and stator.Between rotor and axle, by pin, fix, the rotor of hydraulic pump can rotate with axle.Between the stator of hydraulic pump and supporting positive cover inwall, logical bolt is fixed.During the axle rotation, between the stator of hydraulic pump and the rotor of hydraulic pump, produce relative motion.The hydraulic pressure delivery side of pump has three hydraulic path, with three electromagnetic valves, is connected respectively.Three hydraulic path of hydraulic pump outlet are slotted hole; Aperture is arranged at the bottom at the circular slotted eye of fixer cylinder pressure, and aperture is connected with hydraulic path respectively.When electromagnetic valve is full-gear, the hydraulic oil that hydraulic pump is discharged is flowed through after electromagnetic valve and is entered the annular gap between axle and supporting positive cover, pass back into the entrance of hydraulic pump after circulation, thereby hydraulic oil can not be pressurized.After the electromagnetic valve aperture reduces, the hydraulic oil that hydraulic pump is discharged flows suffered resistance and increases, so pressure raises, when the hydraulic coupling on acting on hydraulic cylinder piston is enough to overcome the spring counter-force, the piston of the hydraulic cylinder righting floor that will extend radially and extrapolate, the righting floor outwards opens, and is close on the borehole wall, realizes effective righting of neck eye drill string.
Described signal receiver passes for receiving to survey the signal that pipe nipple sends mud-pulse, and by microprocessor under input well after its conversion.
Described down-hole microprocessor must have data storage and logical operation capability.Consider down-hole microprocessor processes information content little, arithmetic speed requires very not high, but the requirement at aspects such as functional reliability, physical dimension, power attenuations is very high, considers, and can adopt the MC68HC11 series monolithic of motorola inc.Then select concrete model according to the size of prepackage program, the input/output signal type of each interface etc., such as selecting MC68HC11G5.This processor comprises internal memory EPROM 16kb, RAM 512b, and 4PWM output, four tunnel pulse input capture ports, WDOG detects in real time.16k EPROM can be used to deposit the prepackage program, and RAM is used for depositing Common Parameters, and the PWM output port is in order to send the potential pulse output signal of controlling electromagnetic valve.Pulse input capture port can be used to accept the pulse signal that impulse generator sends.
Described hydraulic pump is eccentric driven pump, and the rotor of hydraulic pump and axle outer wall are fixed by pin, and stator and the supporting positive cover of hydraulic pump are bolted.
Described thrust bearing can be selected the thrust ball bearing of prior art.
Described hydraulic oil through axle avoid carry out heat exchange with drilling fluid, do not need cooling specially.
The summary oscillation crosswise is controlled the installation process of pipe nipple 3, consults Fig. 3.Inside is axle 12, and outside is supporting positive cover 14.During installation, axle 12 self-rightings being overlapped to 14 lower ends pushes, upwards push away gradually, after exposing to the end of axle 12, thrust bearing be enclosed within on axle 12 and suitably push downwards, afterwards upper end bearing cover 13 is set on axle 12, push from top to bottom, make the thrust bearing location.Upper end bearing cover 13 is used bolt and supporting positive cover to connect firmly.
Summary is controlled with the operating principle of boring reaming hole drill string oscillation crosswise device, consults Fig. 1.In the time of need to carrying out with the operation of brill reaming hole, this device is connected by step 1, survey to pass pipe nipple 1 and be installed on about 1m place directly over drill-following reamer 2, oscillation crosswise is controlled pipe nipple 3 near drill-following reamer 2, be installed on below, after having assembled again by pilot bit 4 and other drilling tools as stabilizer, stub boring quickly wait and are connected in drilling assembly, will at the bottom of the package unit lower going-into-well, start normal operation after having assembled.
Consult Fig. 2.With boring reaming hole drill string oscillation crosswise hour, survey and pass pipe nipple 1 normal operation, by the communication that gathers, to ground and shaft bottom, down-hole microprocessor 16 is analyzed the data that receive, and through logical operation, obtains result and does not need to start electromagnetic valve 17.The righting assembly is failure to actuate.The rotor of hydraulic pump 21 is by the drill string driven rotary, and hydraulic oil circulates in the annular space of axle 12 and supporting positive cover 14.
To ad-hoc location, with boring the reaming hole drill string, more serious oscillation crosswise has occurred when reaming hole, survey biography pipe nipple 1 to down-hole microprocessor 16, obtains the oscillation crosswise communication result after the microprocessor computing of down-hole and need start electromagnetic valve 17, to electromagnetic valve 17, sends instruction.Electromagnetic valve 17 transpositions, the hydraulic oil that originally pumped into annular space turns to the hydraulic cylinder 20 that enters the righting assembly, and piston radially outward stretches out along supporting positive cover 14 under hydraulic oil promotes, and righting floor 19 opens, and is supported on the borehole wall.Now neck eye drill string has obtained firm support, and its oscillation crosswise amplitude will greatly reduce.The oscillation crosswise of drill-following reamer 2 and pilot bit 4 also obtains effective control.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: method and the control device of drill string oscillation crosswise when the present invention proposes a kind of control with the brill reaming hole, be applicable to oil and gas well drilling with boring the reaming hole operation, it is advantageous that: (1) will combine with control with boring the monitoring of reaming hole drill string oscillation crosswise, can understand in real time drill string oscillation crosswise situation, can realize that again the downhole closed loop of oscillation crosswise is controlled; (2) only need the suitable joint of apolegamy, can be by this device for various types of reamers; (3) the downhole closed loop system can be adjusted duty according to the oscillation crosswise situation in good time, and oscillation crosswise is controlled in the reasonable scope, improves the stability of reaming hole operation.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the present invention controls the schematic diagram of the device of drill string oscillation crosswise when boring reaming hole for the reaming hole drilling process.
Fig. 2 surveys to pass pipe nipple 1 structural representation.
Fig. 3 is that oscillation crosswise is controlled pipe nipple 3 structural representations.
In figure, 1-surveys and passes pipe nipple, the 2-drill-following reamer, and the 3-oscillation crosswise is controlled pipe nipple, the 4-pilot bit, 5-shell, 6-impulse generator, 7-pressing plate, the 8-prap, 9-two-component accelerometer, 10-winding displacement, 11-battery, the 12-axle, 13-upper end bearing cover, the 14-supporting positive cover, 15-carries out battery, 16-down-hole microprocessor, 17-electromagnetic valve, 18-cover plate, 19-righting floor, the 20-hydraulic cylinder, 21-hydraulic pump, 22-thrust bearing, 23-annular cover.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1: method and the control device of control drill string oscillation crosswise when boring reaming hole of take is example, and the present invention is described in further detail.
The method of the control that one embodiment of the present of invention provide drill string oscillation crosswise when boring reaming hole, comprise the following steps: consult Fig. 1.
Step 1: install with boring the hole reaming tool string, connect successively pilot bit 4, oscillation crosswise control pipe nipple 3, drill-following reamer 2 from bottom to top and survey biography pipe nipple 1.Survey the top jointed rod or other drilling tools that pass pipe nipple 1.At the bottom of drilling tool has connected rear lower going-into-well.
Step 2: be drilled into and need reaming hole layer position slowly to open afterwards reamer blade by the Drilling Design scheme, carry out after wing opens fully with boring the reaming hole operation.Survey to pass the acceleration of pipe nipple 1 Real-Time Monitoring drill string oscillation crosswise, and will record signal and send to impulse generator.By impulse generator 6, adopt the mud-pulse form to control pipe nipple 3 transmission of signals to oscillation crosswise.The mud-pulse while is the work station transmitted signal earthward.
Step 3: electromagnetic valve 17 is normally open valve.Oscillation crosswise is controlled pipe nipple 3 and is received mud pulse signal, microprocessor 16 under input well after conversion.Down-hole microprocessor 16 carries out logical operation and judgement, adjusts the aperture of electromagnetic valve 17 according to the oscillation crosswise severe degree.
Step 4: when recording drill string transverse acceleration absolute value and being no more than 0.1g, the state of electromagnetic valve 17 maintains full-gear.Righting floor 19 collapses in body under spring action, with the borehole wall, is separated.Central axis 12 is horizontal free state.
Step 5: when reaming hole to ad-hoc location, when more serious oscillation crosswise occurs in drill string, the transverse acceleration absolute value is greater than 0.1g, the down-hole microprocessor sends the aperture that electromagnetic valve 17 is turned in instruction down, under 19 hydraulic actions of righting floor, open, radially outward stretch out and be supported on the borehole wall along supporting positive cover 14, central axis 12 is by effectively rightings, thereby reduces the severe degree of its oscillation crosswise.The oscillation crosswise of drill-following reamer 2 and pilot bit 4 also will obtain effectively and control.
Step 6: in the reaming hole drilling process, circulation execution step 4 and step 5.
An alternative embodiment of the invention is the device of realizing with boring reaming hole drill string oscillation crosswise, mainly by pilot bit 4, oscillation crosswise, is controlled pipe nipple 3, drill-following reamer 2 and surveyed biography pipe nipple 1 to form.Wherein, pilot bit and drill-following reamer can adopt drill bit and the reamer of prior art, and survey passes pipe nipple and oscillation crosswise control pipe nipple needs independent design, now the structure composition and working principle of these two parts are described below:
Consult Fig. 2, survey biography pipe nipple 1 and mainly formed by shell 5, impulse generator 6, pressing plate 7, prap 8, two-component accelerometer 9, winding displacement 10 and battery 11.Survey the top and bottom that pass pipe nipple 1 and process respectively the oil drill rocker standard thread, making survey pass pipe nipple 1 can be connected with drilling rod.Pass on pipe nipple 1 middle part outer wall and four radially rectangular channels are arranged, the about 50mm of width in survey.One of them radially installs two-component accelerometer 9 in rectangular channel, other each radially in rectangular channel, be fixed with a battery 11.Connectivity slot is radially arranged between rectangular channel, arrange winding displacement 10 in connectivity slot, winding displacement 10 comprises transferring electric power line and transmission signal line.Cover plate 7 is arranged at the top on rectangular channel radially, by bolt, cover plate 7 is fixed on housing 5.Be provided with sealing mat between cover plate 7 and shell 5.A ring-shaped step of processing in shell 5 centre bores.Discoidal shunting disk is fixed on the ring-shaped step of shell 5 centre bores; The shunting disk shunting disk has centre bore, is evenly distributed with six tap holes around centre bore; The upper end of impulse generator 6 is fixed in shunting disk intracardiac.The radially rectangular channel bottom sides that two-component accelerometer 9 is installed is processed a circular hole, is fixed with prap 8 in circular hole.The inner of prap 8 connects impulse generator 6 by wire, and the outer end of prap 8 is connected with two-component accelerometer 9 by wire.
Consult Fig. 3, oscillation crosswise is controlled pipe nipple 3 and mainly is comprised of axle 12, upper end bearing cover 13, supporting positive cover 14, execution battery 15, down-hole microprocessor 16, electromagnetic valve 17, cover plate 18 and righting assembly; Axle 12 is cylinder, is processed with centre bore; At the top of axle 12 processing drilling tool thread, with drill-following reamer 2, match; The lower end of axle 12 is the processing criterion drill rod thread also, with pilot bit 4, matches.
Processing ring-shaped step upwards on the outer wall of axle 12 bottoms, suit annular cover 23 on axle 12, the lower surface of annular cover 23 in the upper surface of ring-shaped step to contact; The external diameter of annular cover 23 is identical with the external diameter of axle 12.Thrust bearing 22 is installed in upper end at annular cover 23, and thrust bearing 22 is enclosed within on the outer wall of axle 12; On the outer wall of axle 12, cover has columnar supporting positive cover 14; The lower end of supporting positive cover 14 on axle 12 outer walls and annular cover 23 and thrust bearing 22 in supporting positive cover 14 inside; Top at supporting positive cover 14 is fixed with the upper end bearing cover 13 of an annular by screw, upper end bearing cover 13 is set in the outer wall of axle 12; Thrust bearing 22 is installed between axle 12 and supporting positive cover 14, and the lower surface of upper end bearing cover 13 is fitted on the upper surface of thrust bearing 22; Supporting positive cover 14 can freely rotate around axle 12.
Supporting positive cover 14 external wall of upper portion are uniform three rectangular channels vertically, width of rectangular 60mm.Each rectangular channel is divided into three short grooves vertically from top to bottom, between adjacent two short grooves, by groove, is communicated with; In above-mentioned three short grooves, be fixed with in the short groove of topmost and carry out battery 15, be fixed with signal receiver and down-hole microprocessor 16 in the short groove in middle part, be fixed with electromagnetic valve 17 in the short groove in bottom.Signal receiver is connected with execution battery 15 by wire respectively with electromagnetic valve 17 with down-hole microprocessor 16.
The short groove of carrying out battery 15 and the short groove that signal receiver and down-hole microprocessor 16 are installed are installed and are covered by cover plate 18 and use bolt that cover plate 18 is fixed on supporting positive cover 14, sealing mat is set to guarantee excellent sealing effect between cover plate 18 and supporting positive cover 14.The short groove that electromagnetic valve 17 is installed is also covered by cover plate 18 and uses bolt that cover plate 18 is fixed on supporting positive cover 14.
Outer wall suit righting assembly at supporting positive cover 14.The righting assembly mainly is comprised of righting floor 19, hydraulic cylinder 20 and hydraulic pump 21.Be drilled with circular slotted eye on supporting positive cover 14 bottom outer walls, two circular slotted eyes are one group, and two circular slotted eyes are axially relative, between two circular slotted eyes apart from 200mm; Be uniformly distributed three groups of circular slotted eyes on supporting positive cover 14 bottom outer walls; Fix a hydraulic cylinder 20 in each circular slotted eye; The outside of organizing circular slotted eye at each is fixed with an arc righting floor 19 vertically, and the two ends of righting floor 19 are embedded in groove, are fixed with fixed head on groove, between fixed head inboard and righting floor 19 ends, Compress Spring is arranged.The piston of hydraulic cylinder 20 is connected with righting floor 19 is inboard.The piston of hydraulic cylinder 20 promotes righting floor 19 and expands outwardly under hydraulic action; Be installed on the Compress Spring at righting floor 19 two ends by compressed, the storage elastic potential energy simultaneously.After the suffered hydraulic coupling of the piston of hydraulic cylinder 20 is reduced to a certain degree, Compress Spring discharges elastic energy, by righting floor 19 pushed home; The piston reset of while hydraulic cylinder 20.
Claims (5)
1. the method for drill string oscillation crosswise when a control is with the brill reaming hole is characterized in that:
Step 1: pilot bit (4) is threaded in to the lower end that oscillation crosswise is controlled pipe nipple (3), the upper end of controlling pipe nipple (3) in oscillation crosswise connects drill-following reamer (2), connect and survey biography pipe nipple (1) in the upper end of drill-following reamer (2), survey the upper end that passes pipe nipple (1) and connect well drilling pipe column; Will be with at the bottom of surveying the reaming hole drill string lower going-into-well that passes pipe nipple (1), drill-following reamer (2), oscillation crosswise control pipe nipple (3) and pilot bit (4);
Step 2: rotary drill column starts the reaming hole drilling well, survey and pass in pipe nipple (1) element that is equipped with monitoring oscillation crosswise acceleration, survey to pass after pipe nipple (1) records acceleration and be converted into data signal, signal passes to impulse generator (6) and is converted into pulse signal, and impulse generator (6) adopts the mud-pulse form to control pipe nipple (3) transmission of signal to oscillation crosswise subsequently;
Step 3: oscillation crosswise is controlled pipe nipple (3) and mainly is comprised of mud pulse signal receiver, down-hole microprocessor (16), electromagnetic valve (17), hydraulic pump (21) and righting assembly; The signal receiver return pulse signal, microprocessor (16) under input well after conversion; Down-hole microprocessor (16) carries out logical operation and judgement, adjusts the aperture of electromagnetic valve (17) according to the oscillation crosswise severe degree;
Step 4: when milder with brill reaming hole drill string oscillation crosswise, be transverse acceleration absolute value while being no more than 0.1g, the data that down-hole microprocessor (16) analysis receives, through logical operation, obtain the normally open that result does not change electromagnetic valve (17), maintain normally open; Now, the rotor of hydraulic pump (21) is by the drill string driven rotary, hydraulic oil enters axle (12) and the formed annular space of supporting positive cover (14) and finally flows back to the entrance of hydraulic pump (21) after the hydraulic circuit of righting assembly, electromagnetic valve (17), so moves in circles; The hydraulic cylinder of righting assembly (20) although hydraulic oil is flowed through, can't apply hydraulic coupling to the piston in cylinder; Righting floor (19) collapses in body under spring action, with the borehole wall, is separated; Now, axle (12) is horizontal free state;
Step 5: when reaming hole, to ad-hoc location, more serious oscillation crosswise has occurred in drill string, and when the transverse acceleration absolute value is greater than 0.1g, the down-hole microprocessor receives information and send control signal after the logic judgement, and the aperture of electromagnetic valve (17) is reduced; The running of hydraulic power oil resistance that now circulates increases, so oil pressure raises, the hydraulic coupling acted on the piston of righting assembly hydraulic cylinder (20) also increases thereupon; When hydraulic coupling is greater than the spring counter-force, piston is pushed out; Righting floor (19) opens with piston movement, along supporting positive cover (14), radially outward stretches out and is supported on the borehole wall, and axle (12) is by effectively righting, and neck eye drill string has obtained firm support, thereby reduces the severe degree of its oscillation crosswise; The oscillation crosswise of drill-following reamer (2) and pilot bit (4) also will obtain effectively and control;
Step 6: in the reaming hole drilling process, circulation execution step 4 and step 5.
2. the method for drill string oscillation crosswise when control according to claim 1 is with the brill reaming hole, it is characterized in that: described survey passes pipe nipple (1) and mainly is comprised of shell (5), impulse generator (6), pressing plate (7), prap (8), two-component accelerometer (9), winding displacement (10) and battery (11); Surveying and passing pipe nipple (1) is cylinder, is provided with centre bore; Survey the top and bottom that pass pipe nipple (1) and be processed with respectively the oil drill rocker standard thread, make survey pass pipe nipple (1) and can be connected on tubing string; Pass on the outer wall of pipe nipple (1) middle part 2～5 radially rectangular channels are arranged in survey; One radially is fixed with two-component accelerometer (9) in rectangular channel, other each radially in rectangular channel, be fixed with a battery (11); Radially rectangular channel is communicated with by groove, arranges winding displacement (10) in groove, and winding displacement comprises transferring electric power line and transmission signal line in (10); Be provided with pressing plate (7) in the outer end of rectangular channel radially, by bolt, pressing plate (7) be fixed on shell (5); Between pressing plate (7) and shell (5), sealing ring is housed, to guarantee good sealing effectiveness; A ring-shaped step of processing in shell (5) centre bore; Discoidal shunting disk is fixed on the ring-shaped step of shell (5) centre bore; Shunting disk has centre bore, is uniformly distributed six tap holes around centre bore; The upper end of impulse generator (6) is fixed on the shunting disk center, and lower end is connected with two-component accelerometer (9) through prap (8).
3. the method for drill string oscillation crosswise when control according to claim 1 is with the brill reaming hole is characterized in that: described oscillation crosswise is controlled pipe nipple (3) and mainly is comprised of axle (12), upper end bearing cover (13), supporting positive cover (14), execution battery (15), down-hole microprocessor (16), electromagnetic valve (17), cover plate (18) and righting assembly; Axle (12) is cylindrical, has central through hole; The top of axle (12) is provided with the standard drill rod thread, with drill-following reamer lower end screw thread, matches; The tail end of axle (12) is provided with the standard drill rod thread, with pilot bit upper end screw thread, matches;
Be processed with ring-shaped step upwards on the outer wall of axle (12) tail end, be set with annular cover (23) on it, the lower surface of annular cover (23) contacts with the upper edge of ring-shaped step; The external diameter of annular cover (23) is identical with the external diameter of axle (12); In the upper end of annular cover (23), a thrust bearing (22) is arranged, thrust bearing (22) is enclosed within on the outer wall of axle (12); On the outer wall of axle (12), cover has columnar supporting positive cover (14); The lower end of supporting positive cover (14) is on axle (12) outer wall, and annular cover (23) and thrust bearing (22) are in supporting positive cover (14); Top at supporting positive cover (14) is fixed with the upper end bearing cover (13) of an annular by screw, upper end bearing cover (13) is enclosed within on axle (12) outer wall; Between axle (12) and supporting positive cover (14), thrust bearing (22) is arranged, the lower surface of upper end bearing cover (13) is pressed on the upper surface of thrust bearing (22); Supporting positive cover (14) can be in the upper rotation of axle (12);
Supporting positive cover (14) external wall of upper portion is evenly equipped with three rectangular channels, width of rectangular 60mm vertically; Each rectangular channel is divided into three short grooves vertically from top to bottom, between adjacent two short grooves, by groove, is communicated with; In above-mentioned three short grooves, be fixed with in the short groove of topmost and carry out battery (15), be fixed with signal receiver and down-hole microprocessor (16) in the short groove in middle part, Motionless electromagnetic valve (17) in the short groove in bottom; Signal receiver is connected with execution battery (15) by wire respectively with electromagnetic valve (17) with down-hole microprocessor (16);
The short groove of carrying out battery (15) and the short groove that signal receiver and down-hole microprocessor (16) are installed are installed to be covered by cover plate (18); Cover plate (18) by bolton on supporting positive cover (14); Between cover plate (18) and supporting positive cover (14), sealing mat is housed; The short groove that electromagnetic valve (17) is installed is also covered by cover plate (18) and uses bolt that cover plate (18) is fixed on supporting positive cover (14);
Suit righting assembly on the outer wall of supporting positive cover (14); The righting assembly mainly is comprised of righting floor (19), hydraulic cylinder (20) and hydraulic pump (21); Be drilled with circular slotted eye on the outer wall of supporting positive cover (14) bottom, two circular slotted eyes are one group, and two circular slotted eyes are axially relative, and the distance between two circular slotted eyes is between 180～300mm; Be evenly distributed with three groups of circular slotted eyes on the outer wall of supporting positive cover (14) bottom; Be fixed with a hydraulic cylinder (20) in each circular slotted eye; The outside of organizing circular slotted eye at each is fixed with an arc righting floor (19) vertically, the two ends of righting floor (19) are embedded in groove, be fixed with fixed head on groove, between fixed head inboard and righting floor (19) end, Compress Spring arranged; The effect of Compress Spring is to make outwards to open and can resilience reset along supporting positive cover (14); The piston of hydraulic cylinder (20) is connected with righting floor (19) is inboard; The piston of hydraulic cylinder (20) promotes righting floor (19) and expands outwardly under hydraulic action; Be installed on the Compress Spring at righting floor (19) two ends by compressed, the storage elastic potential energy simultaneously; After the suffered hydraulic coupling of piston of hydraulic cylinder (20) is reduced to a certain degree, Compress Spring discharges elastic energy, by righting floor (19) pushed home; The piston reset of while hydraulic cylinder (20);
Hydraulic pump (21) is arranged in supporting positive cover (14) lower end, and hydraulic pump (21) is comprised of rotor and stator; Rotor and axle are fixed by pin between (12), and the rotor of hydraulic pump (21) can rotate with axle (12); Between the stator of hydraulic pump (21) and supporting positive cover (14) inwall, be bolted; During the axle rotation, between the rotor of the stator of hydraulic pump (21) and hydraulic pump (21), produce relative motion; The outlet of hydraulic pump (21) has three hydraulic path, with three electromagnetic valves (17), is connected respectively; Three hydraulic path of hydraulic pump (21) outlet are slotted hole; Aperture is arranged at the bottom at the circular slotted eye of fixer cylinder pressure (20), and aperture is connected with hydraulic path respectively; Electromagnetic valve (17) is while being normally open, the hydraulic oil that hydraulic pump (21) is discharged is flowed through after electromagnetic valve (17) and is entered the annular gap between axle (12) and supporting positive cover (14), pass back into the entrance of hydraulic pump (21) after circulation, thereby hydraulic oil can not be pressurized; After electromagnetic valve (17) aperture reduces, the hydraulic oil that hydraulic pump (21) is discharged flows suffered resistance and increases, so pressure raises, when the hydraulic coupling on acting on hydraulic cylinder piston is enough to overcome the spring counter-force, the piston of hydraulic cylinder (20) the righting floor (19) that will extend radially and extrapolate, righting floor (19) outwards opens, and is close on the borehole wall, realizes effective righting of neck eye drill string;
Described signal receiver passes for receiving to survey the signal that pipe nipple (1) sends, and by microprocessor (16) under input well after its conversion.
4. the method for drill string oscillation crosswise when control according to claim 3 is with the brill reaming hole, it is characterized in that: the down-hole microprocessor (16) that drillstring vibrations is controlled in pipe nipple (3) prestores the vibration mode data, major parameter is transverse acceleration, in order to judge the severe degree of measured vibration.
5. the method for control according to claim 3 drill string oscillation crosswise when boring reaming hole is characterized in that: the fluid that hydraulic pump (21) pumps is with cooling voluntarily after axle (12) outer wall contacts.
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| CN201210122145XA CN102619470B (en) | 2012-04-24 | 2012-04-24 | Method for controlling transverse vibration of drill string in process of reaming while drilling |
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| CN102852512B (en) * | 2012-09-11 | 2015-07-01 | 西南石油大学 | Device and method for monitoring stick-slip vibration of drill bit based on measurement while drilling |
| CN103321592B (en) * | 2013-06-13 | 2015-09-09 | 中国石油集团西部钻探工程有限公司 | Special type guard plate |
| CN103410446A (en) * | 2013-08-20 | 2013-11-27 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Reaming inclinometry way-type drilling unit |
| CN106439316A (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2017-02-22 | 无锡金顶石油管材配件制造有限公司 | Convenient-to-couple petroleum short piece |
| CN111457004B (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2024-05-14 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Sliding bearing assembly with radial centralizing and axial thrust functions |
| CN115075804A (en) * | 2022-08-16 | 2022-09-20 | 东营诺瑞克电池有限公司 | Pulse generator for simultaneous transmission at multiple single or multiple rates |
| CN116398062B (en) * | 2023-06-08 | 2023-08-11 | 山西国源煤层气综合利用工程技术股份有限公司 | Hydraulic control variable diameter centralizer for underground reaming |
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