CN104439891B - A kind of single-electrical signal encourages ultrasonic elliptical vibratory extruding machining apparatus - Google Patents

A kind of single-electrical signal encourages ultrasonic elliptical vibratory extruding machining apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104439891B
CN104439891B CN201410740290.3A CN201410740290A CN104439891B CN 104439891 B CN104439891 B CN 104439891B CN 201410740290 A CN201410740290 A CN 201410740290A CN 104439891 B CN104439891 B CN 104439891B
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ultrasonic
elliptical
vibration
modal transducer
electrical signal
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CN104439891A (en
Inventor
殷振
朱其新
汪帮富
曹自洋
李艳
刘义生
陈玉荣
吴程红
黄强
徐帖
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Jiangsu Jiuxiang Aviation Equipment Co., Ltd
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Suzhou University of Science and Technology
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23PMETAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P9/00Treating or finishing surfaces mechanically, with or without calibrating, primarily to resist wear or impact, e.g. smoothing or roughening turbine blades or bearings; Features of such surfaces not otherwise provided for, their treatment being unspecified
    • B23P9/04Treating or finishing by hammering or applying repeated pressure
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06BMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B1/00Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
    • B06B1/02Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
    • B06B1/06Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of single-electrical signal encourages ultrasonic elliptical vibratory extruding machining apparatus, including supporting plate, overcoat, linear bearing, precompressed power apparatus, housing unit, the single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter being placed in housing unit, elliptical vibration modal transducer and the extrusion head for being arranged on elliptical vibration modal transducer front end.Supporting plate is set on the coat, and housing unit includes front apron, inner sleeve and rear baffle;Linear bearing is supported between housing unit and overcoat, and precompressed power apparatus is arranged on the rear end of overcoat inner casing body unit;Single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter includes bolt and the back shroud, piezoelectric ceramic piece, electrode slice and the front shroud that are sequentially sleeved on bolt, and back shroud and front shroud, which are coupled back shroud, piezoelectric ceramic piece, electrode slice and front shroud by bolt, to be compressed;Elliptical vibration modal transducer is arranged on the front end of front shroud, elliptical vibration modal transducer is generally cylindrical, both sides offer three rectangular indentations being dislocatedly distributed up and down, and the elliptical vibration modal transducer can be converted to the longitudinal ultrasonic vibration that single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter is produced the vertical curved composite ultrasonic elliptical vibratory of elliptical vibration modal transducer end and extrusion head.

Description

A kind of single-electrical signal encourages ultrasonic elliptical vibratory extruding machining apparatus
Technical field
It is applied to engine lathe, plain-milling machine, common boring machine and its corresponding Digit Control Machine Tool, processing the present invention relates to one kind Part inner and outer surfaces strengthen the ultrasonic vibration pressurizing unit of finishing, more particularly, to only needing to all the way by the equipment such as center Ultrasonic-frequency power supply provides the single-electrical signal excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibratory extruding machining apparatus of electric power signal.
Background technology
Extrusion process is the process of a conventional surface peening and finishing, and it is mostly used for the inside and outside of rotary part Surface Machining, frequently as last one of machining operation be applied to piece surface reinforcing, stress state and surface quality have compared with The occasion of high request.Common extrusion process extruding force is big, and friction is serious, and compressive surface quality is low, ultrasonic unidirectionally extruded technique tool Have simple percussion, can be within each vibration period extrusion head by one-shot, this action process can reduce Friction, but impact wear can be reduced seriously the extrusion head life-span.
In order to overcome the shortcomings of common technological process of extruding and unidirectional ultrasonic vibration technological process of extruding, Publication No. CN101942547B patent of invention document discloses a kind of ultrasonic elliptical vibratory pressurizing unit and carries out piece surface light with it Whole vibration-extrusion processing method, the device uses a ultrasonic transformer, four structure identical driving sources and a compression tool, Compression tool is arranged on the deferent segment of ultrasonic transformer, and four driving sources are separately mounted to four grooves of the activation fragment of ultrasonic transformer It is interior.It is divided into the excitation that two groups of applications have certain phase difference to four driving sources by the ultrasonic electric signal of two-way, realizes luffing The tangent bend ultrasonic elliptical vibratory of bar activation fragment, and then the ultrasonic elliptical vibratory of extrusion head is realized, the apparatus and method can have Effect effectively reduction extruding force, improves workpiece surface roughness, extends the service life of extrusion head.But the device needs to use two Group piezoelectric ceramic piece produces two mode of oscillations with certain phase difference to excite, it is necessary to be equipped with for every group of piezoelectric ceramic piece Ultrasound-driven power supply signal, and need to control the phase difference between each road ultrasound-driven power supply signal, ultrasonic vibration system all the way Complicated with Control system architecture, manufacture difficulty is big, control difficulty is high, production cost is high, be difficult to realize miniaturization, service behaviour not Enough stable, these problems constrain the application of ultrasonic elliptical vibratory transducer in the industrial production and popularization.
The content of the invention
Ultrasonic elliptical vibratory extruding machining apparatus is encouraged the invention provides a kind of new single-electrical signal, in order to Not enough, raising extrusion process efficiency, reduction ultrasonic elliptical vibratory present in existing ultrasonic elliptical vibratory pressurizing unit is overcome to squeeze The complexity of pressure device and the production cost for reducing ultrasonic elliptical vibratory pressurizing unit.
A kind of single-electrical signal encourages ultrasonic elliptical vibratory extruding machining apparatus, including supporting plate, overcoat, linear bearing, pre- Pressure apparatus, housing unit, the single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter being placed in housing unit, elliptical vibration modal transducer and it is arranged on ellipse The extrusion head of circular vibration modal transducer front end;Described housing unit includes front apron, inner sleeve and rear baffle, described branch Fagging is set on the coat, for coupling with lathe cutter saddle by welding or screw attachment;Described linear bearing is slip Linear bearing or rolling linear bearing, described linear bearing are supported between housing unit and overcoat;Described precompression dress Install in the rear end of overcoat inner housing unit, for providing the precompression between extrusion head and workpiece.
Described single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter outline is cylinder, and it includes bolt and the bonnet being sequentially sleeved on bolt Be provided with the ring flange coupled with housing unit on plate, piezoelectric ceramic piece, electrode slice and front shroud, front shroud, back shroud and Front shroud, which is coupled back shroud, piezoelectric ceramic piece, electrode slice and front shroud by bolt, to be compressed, and constitutes single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter Energy conversion part, the longitudinal ultrasonic that the ultrasonic electric signal that can export ultrasonic-frequency power supply is converted to single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter shakes It is dynamic.
Described elliptical vibration modal transducer is fabricated to a front end for being integrally provided in front shroud with front shroud, or Elliptical vibration modal transducer is welded to the front end for being arranged on front shroud, or elliptical vibration modal transducer is joined by screw The front end for being arranged on front shroud is connect, described elliptical vibration modal transducer is generally cylindrical, and both sides offer three up and down The rectangular indentation being dislocatedly distributed;Transition circle is provided with the connection place of elliptical vibration modal transducer and ultrasonic transducer front shroud Arc.
Elliptical vibration modal transducer is arranged on the sub-assembly constituted behind single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter front end referred to as single-electrical signal Ultrasonic elliptical vibratory transducer is encouraged, the purpose that both sides open up rectangular indentation above and below elliptical vibration modal transducer is to change Become the mode of oscillation that single-electrical signal encourages ultrasonic elliptical vibratory transducer, make its longitudinal vibration mode frequency and flexural vibration mode Frequency is close or equal.
Extrusion head is arranged on the front end of elliptical vibration modal transducer by welding or joint bolt connection;Work as ultrasonic vibration Energy is delivered to behind elliptical vibration modal transducer end from single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter, is converted to the longitudinal direction with certain phase difference The vertical curved composite ultrasonic elliptical vibratory that vibration and flexural vibrations are combined, that is, be converted to the vertical curved of elliptical vibration modal transducer end Composite ultrasonic elliptical vibratory;And drive extrusion head and elliptical vibration modal transducer end to do ultrasonic elliptical vibratory together.
Single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter is placed in housing unit, and the ring flange of single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter is arranged at the fovea superior of inner sleeve In seam, front apron is arranged on the opposite side of ring flange, and fixation is played to whole single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter, and rear baffle is arranged on The downside of inner sleeve, prevents the debris such as dust, iron filings from entering in housing unit, influences single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter service behaviour; The ultrasonic elliptical vibratory extrusion system introduced compared to existing literature, single-electrical signal excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibratory extruding machining apparatus With power capacity is big, energy conversion efficiency is high, simple in construction, easy to manufacture, cost is low, the rigidity of structure is big, control drivetrain The advantages of system is simply and vibration-extrusion performance is stable.The other invention becomes the single-point impact of common unidirectional ultrasonic extrusion process Extrude as the extrusion process of ultrasonic elliptical vibratory track, within the unit interval, extrusion head is greatly improved in ultrasonic elliptical vibratory Motion path, and the area of single extrusion processing is significantly broadened, therefore extrusion process efficiency and extruding can be increased substantially Workpiece surface quality.
Further, described single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter only has one group of extensional vibration piezoelectric ceramic piece.
Further, described single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter only needs to ultrasonic electric signal excitation all the way.
Further, the operating frequency range of described single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter is 18kHz-40kHz.
The extensional vibration of single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter is converted to ellipse present invention employs mechanical oscillation mode conversion mechanism The vertical curved composite ultrasonic elliptical vibratory of mode of oscillation transducer end and vibration head, simplifies the ultrasonic ellipse of single-electrical signal excitation and shakes The overall structure of dynamic extrusion system, greatly reduces the complexity of vibrational system, reduces manufacture, assembly difficulty and be produced into This;The other invention only needs to control circuit and ultrasonic-frequency power supply to enter row energization all the way, control difficulty is low, it is to avoid two-phase or multiphase Ultrasonic vibration is compounded to form the complicated ultrasonic-frequency power supply development cost of elliptical vibration transducer, simplifies control circuit and ultrasonic-frequency power supply Structure, reduces control circuit and ultrasonic-frequency power supply cost, it is easy to accomplish control circuit and ultrasonic-frequency power supply it is integrated, improve and be System functional reliability, stable work in work has a extensive future.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the front view of schematic structural view of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the top view of schematic structural view of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the front view of single-electrical signal excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibratory transducer in the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the top view of single-electrical signal excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibratory transducer in the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the application example schematic diagram of the present invention.
Label declaration in figure:1. bolt, 2. back shrouds, 3. piezoelectric ceramic pieces, 4. electrode slices, 5. front shrouds, 6. ring flanges, 7. elliptical vibration modal transducer, 8. extrusion heads, 9. front aprons, 10. inner sleeves, 11. rear baffles, 12. linear bearings, outside 13. Set, 14. precompressed power apparatus, 15. supporting plates, 16. ultrasonic-frequency power supplies, 17. workpiece, 18. rectangular indentations.
Embodiment
With reference to shown in Fig. 1,2,3,4, a kind of single-electrical signal excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibratory extruding machining apparatus includes supporting plate 15th, overcoat 13, linear bearing 12, precompressed power apparatus 14, housing unit, the single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter being placed in housing unit, ellipse Circular vibration modal transducer 7 and the extrusion head 8 for being arranged on the front end of elliptical vibration modal transducer 7;Housing unit includes front apron 9th, inner sleeve 10 and rear baffle 11, the one end of supporting plate 15 be welded on overcoat 13 it is cylindrical on, the other end be fixed on lathe cutter saddle with Lathe couples;Single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter outline is cylinder, its back shroud for including bolt 1 and being sequentially sleeved on bolt 1 2nd, the ring flange 6 coupled with housing unit, bonnet are provided with piezoelectric ceramic piece 3, electrode slice 4 and front shroud 5, front shroud 5 Back shroud 2, piezoelectric ceramic piece 3, electrode slice 4 and front shroud 5 are coupled compression by plate 2 and front shroud 5 by bolt 1, are constituted super The energy conversion part of acoustic vibration transducer, single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter is converted to by the ultrasonic electric signal that ultrasonic-frequency power supply 16 is exported Longitudinal ultrasonic vibration.Single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter only has one group of extensional vibration piezoelectric ceramic piece 3, piezoelectric ceramic transducer section diameter 30mm, piezoelectric ceramic piece 3 is PZT-8, and size is:Ф30×Ф15×5, the piece number of piezoelectric ceramic piece 3 is 2.
Rolling linear bearing 12 is supported between housing unit and overcoat 13;Pre-pressure of the spring device 14 is arranged on overcoat 13 The rear end of inner casing body unit, the precompression between extrusion head 8 and workpiece 17 is 250N.
Elliptical vibration modal transducer 7 and front shroud 5 are fabricated to the front end that an one-piece parts are arranged on front shroud 5, The connection place of elliptical vibration modal transducer 7 and ultrasonic transducer front shroud 5 is provided with transition arc., transition arc radius is 5mm, elliptical vibration modal transducer 7 is generally cylindrical, and both sides offer three rectangular indentations being dislocatedly distributed 18, three up and down The individual width of rectangular indentation 18 is 6mm, and depth is 3mm, and the distance of the centre-to-centre spacing front end face of three rectangular indentations 18 is respectively 15mm, 25mm, 35mm.The central axis of both sides rectangular indentation 18 is vertical with plane to be processed above and below elliptical vibration modal transducer.Squeeze Pressure head 8 couples the front end for being arranged on elliptical vibration modal transducer 7 by joint bolt.
Single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter is placed in housing unit, and the ring flange 6 of single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter is arranged at inner sleeve 10 In fovea superior seam, front apron 9 is linked together by screw and inner sleeve 10, is pressed on the opposite side of ring flange 6, to whole super Acoustic vibration transducer plays fixation, and rear baffle 11 is by screw attachment on the right side of inner sleeve 10.
Intrinsic frequency after single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter and elliptical vibration modal transducer 7 couple is 19.84KHz, and impedance is 83 ohm, dynamic electric resistor is 19 ohm, and the output voltage range of ultrasonic-frequency power supply 16 is 0-400V, and current range is 0-4A, output frequency Rate is 19.84 ± 0.01KHz, and ultrasonic-frequency power supply 16 has automatic frequency tracking function in designated frequency range.
During operation, with reference to shown in Fig. 5, the electrode slice 4 of single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter is connected with ultrasonic-frequency power supply 16, works as ultrasonic vibration After the electric signal that the access ultrasonic-frequency power supply 16 of electrode slice 4 of transducer is exported, due to the inverse piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric ceramic piece 3, piezoelectricity Potsherd 3 will produce longitudinal ultrasonic vibration, i.e. single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter and the electric energy that ultrasonic-frequency power supply 16 is exported is converted into longitudinal direction Ultrasonic vibration, and drive whole single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter system to carry out longitudinal ultrasonic vibration, ultrasonic vibrational energy is from ultrasonic vibration Transducer is delivered to behind the end of elliptical vibration modal transducer 7, is converted to extensional vibration and bending with certain phase difference and is shaken Compound vertical curved composite ultrasonic elliptical vibratory is moved, that is, the vertical curved composite ultraphonic for being converted to the end of elliptical vibration modal transducer 7 is ellipse Circular vibration;And drive extrusion head 8 and the end of elliptical vibration modal transducer 7 to do ultrasonic elliptical vibratory together.
After on-load voltage is run 10 minutes, single-electrical signal excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibratory extruding machining apparatus reaches stable shake Dynamic state, now the regulated output voltage of ultrasonic-frequency power supply 16 is 220V, and electric current is 1.35A, is surveyed using laser doppler vibrometer It is respectively 14.3 microns and 5.2 microns to obtain the long semi-minor axis amplitude of ultrasonic elliptical vibratory, and by with lissajouf figure computing work( The signal that the dual trace oscilloscope of energy is measured to laser doppler vibrometer carries out graphic operation, and it is 2.73 that can obtain axial ratio Ultrasonic elliptical vibratory track, fully meet the requirement of ultrasonic elliptical vibratory extrusion process.
The present invention is applied to engine lathe, plain-milling machine, common boring machine and its accordingly Digit Control Machine Tool, machining center etc. are set It is standby, encourage ultrasonic elliptical vibratory extruding machining apparatus to be arranged on lathe cutter saddle the single-electrical signal by supporting plate 15 first, Carry out normally to knife, adjust it to suitable installation site.Then ultrasonic-frequency power supply 16 is opened, the need for extrusion process, adjustment Working frequency, makes extrusion head 8 be in optimal ultrasonic elliptical vibratory state, according to technological requirement, sets squeezing parameter, such as extrudes Speed, squeeze pressure, the amount of feeding, you can proceed by ultrasonic elliptical vibratory extrusion process.In addition, ultrasonic-frequency power supply 16 has automatically Frequency-tracking function, in the actually extruding course of work, if due to the reasons such as crush resistance change, ultrasonic elliptical vibratory extruding The intrinsic frequency of system is changed, and the output frequency of ultrasonic-frequency power supply 16 can therewith change and keep intrinsic with pressurizing unit Frequency is consistent, to ensure that single-electrical signal excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibratory extruding machining apparatus is in optimum Working all the time.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of single-electrical signal encourages ultrasonic elliptical vibratory extruding machining apparatus, it is characterised in that:The elliptical vibration extrusion process Device includes supporting plate, overcoat, linear bearing, precompressed power apparatus, housing unit, the ultrasonic vibration transducing being placed in housing unit Device, elliptical vibration modal transducer and the extrusion head for being arranged on elliptical vibration modal transducer front end;Described housing unit bag Front apron, inner sleeve and rear baffle are included, described supporting plate is set on the coat, for coupling with lathe cutter saddle;Described is straight Bobbin, which is held, to be supported between housing unit and overcoat;Described precompressed power apparatus is arranged on the rear end of overcoat inner casing body unit, uses Precompression between offer extrusion head and workpiece;Described single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter outline is cylinder, and it includes bolt And be sequentially sleeved on back shroud, piezoelectric ceramic piece, electrode slice and front shroud on bolt, front shroud and be provided with and housing unit The ring flange of connection, back shroud and front shroud, which are coupled back shroud, piezoelectric ceramic piece, electrode slice and front shroud by bolt, presses Tightly;Described elliptical vibration modal transducer is arranged on the front end of front shroud, and described elliptical vibration modal transducer is generally Cylinder, up and down both sides offer three rectangular indentations being dislocatedly distributed, three rectangular indentation width are 6mm, and depth is 3mm, The distance of the centre-to-centre spacing front end face of three rectangular indentations is respectively 15mm, 25mm, 35mm;In elliptical vibration modal transducer with surpassing The connection place of acoustic vibration transducer front shroud is provided with transition arc, and transition arc radius is 5mm;Described single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter Only one group extensional vibration piezoelectric ceramic piece;Described single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter only needs to ultrasonic electric signal excitation all the way;It is described The long semi-minor axis amplitude of ultrasonic elliptical vibratory be respectively 14.3 microns and 5.2 microns.
2. single-electrical signal according to claim 1 encourages ultrasonic elliptical vibratory extruding machining apparatus, it is characterised in that:It is described Elliptical vibration modal transducer and front shroud be fabricated to a front end for being integrally provided in front shroud.
3. single-electrical signal according to claim 1 encourages ultrasonic elliptical vibratory extruding machining apparatus, it is characterised in that:It is described Elliptical vibration modal transducer welding be arranged on protecgulum front edge of board.
4. the single-electrical signal excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibratory extruding machining apparatus according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, its feature exists In:Described extrusion head is arranged on the front end of elliptical vibration modal transducer by welding.
5. the single-electrical signal excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibratory extruding machining apparatus according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, its feature exists In:Also include a joint bolt, the front end for extrusion head to be connected in elliptical vibration modal transducer.
6. the single-electrical signal excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibratory extruding machining apparatus according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, its feature exists In:Supporting plate is set on the coat by welding.
7. the single-electrical signal excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibratory extruding machining apparatus according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, its feature exists In:Supporting plate is set on the coat by screw attachment.
8. the single-electrical signal excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibratory extruding machining apparatus according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, its feature exists In:Described linear bearing is sliding straight bearing.
9. the single-electrical signal excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibratory extruding machining apparatus according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, its feature exists In:Described linear bearing is rolling linear bearing.
CN201410740290.3A 2014-12-09 2014-12-09 A kind of single-electrical signal encourages ultrasonic elliptical vibratory extruding machining apparatus Active CN104439891B (en)

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CN105945203A (en) * 2016-07-11 2016-09-21 杨林 Device for forging processing of gear
CN110883497B (en) * 2019-12-02 2020-10-20 北京理工大学 Self-lubricating formula supersound rolling press device of instrument bandeau microarray structure

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UA51394C2 (en) * 2002-03-12 2006-08-15 Univ Nat Mining Method of strengthening-finishing treatment of details
CN101633048B (en) * 2009-08-12 2011-01-12 北京航空航天大学 Ultraphonic elliptical vibration and extrusion processing device based on double-excitation longitudinal bending elliptical energy converter
CN101942547B (en) * 2010-07-13 2012-01-11 北京航空航天大学 Ultrasonic elliptical vibration extrusion device and vibration extrusion processing method for carrying out surface finishing of part by using same
CN103191859B (en) * 2013-05-08 2015-05-13 苏州科技学院 Single driven ultrasonic elliptical vibration transducer
CN204321507U (en) * 2014-12-09 2015-05-13 苏州科技学院 A kind of single-electrical signal excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibratory extruding machining apparatus

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