CN104439452A - Efficient grid milling method for inner curved surface of tapered revolving body - Google Patents
Efficient grid milling method for inner curved surface of tapered revolving body Download PDFInfo
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- CN104439452A CN104439452A CN201410685510.7A CN201410685510A CN104439452A CN 104439452 A CN104439452 A CN 104439452A CN 201410685510 A CN201410685510 A CN 201410685510A CN 104439452 A CN104439452 A CN 104439452A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an efficient grid milling method for an inner curved surface of a tapered revolving body. The efficient grid milling method comprises the following steps: 1) conducting coarse milling on the inner curved surface of the tapered revolving body; 2) conducting heat treatment on the tapered revolving body so as to control the roundness deformation to be within 2 mm; 3) conducting semi-fine milling on the inner surface of the tapered revolving body, wherein the allowance in the inner surface is 0.7 to 1.3 mm; 4) conducting artificial ageing treatment on the tapered revolving body to remove stress generated during coarse milling and semi-fine milling of the tapered revolving body; 5) conducting fine milling on the inner surface of the tapered revolving body till the wall thickness achieves the design size. Due to semi-fine milling, artificial ageing treatment and reasonable machining allowance distribution, problems of part deformation, uneven wall thickness and poor roundness of the tapered revolving body are solved; the product processing efficiency is improved by designing cutting parameter and tool path, wherein the part processing efficiency is improved by 2 to 3 times, the part qualified rate is improved from 70 percent to higher than 97 percent.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Milling Process field, particularly a kind of grid surface high-efficient milling method in taper revolving body.
Background technology
The main technology such as skeleton covering riveting, casting, chemical milling, melting welding, solid forging or friction stir welding that adopt manufacture large thin-wall taper rotary part at present.
Large cone revolving body manufacturing technology level and manufacturing equipment ability propose and upgrade upgrading and low cost manufacture requirements, the manufacture of large-scale integral taper revolving body is except meeting structure light wt, also must possess good comprehensive mechanical property, at present, the large cone revolving body of shape curved surface in grid ribs is adopted to become a kind of structure type of product design first-selection.The mode of usual employing rough forging+machining manufactures, for the large-scale grid ribs curved surface of large scale style of opening and inner mold space very large in shape grid ribs curved surface, NC Milling mode is mainly adopted to remove material surplus, and the Mini-type Grid muscle curved surface that processing space and main shaft are interfered, can process by the mode of chemical milling, but chemical milling environmental pollution is comparatively large, does not adopt under normal circumstances, in NC Milling, grid surface becomes first-selected processing method.
Therefore, in Aerospace manufacturing industry, solid forging blank is mainly adopted for the processing of grid surface in large cone revolving body, is carried out the manufacture of product by Milling Process.
The interior grid Machining of Curved Surface feature of taper revolving body has following characteristics:
(1) the own diameter of taper revolving parts with interior grid surface is large, wall is thin, periphery upper shed is many, highly high, rigidity is weak, easily produces distortion;
(2) in taper revolving body, shape is made up of large-area interior grid surface, and material removal amount is very large, and traditional diamond-making technique adopts ball head knife processing curve, and working (machining) efficiency is low, and adopts the processing of round nose cutter to there is the requirement that surface roughness does not reach design;
(3) large-scale interior grid Machining of Curved Surface unit is latticed, and turning quantity is many, and cutter commutation is frequent, grid periphery everywhere corner's main shaft be subject to greater impact, spindle vibration amplitude is large, easily causes and gnaws cutter;
(4) interior grid surface divide muscle and curved surface difference in height not of uniform size.Height fall is large, add man-hour cutter to hang output comparatively large, the tool diameter adopted during sidewall back chipping is less than normal, cutter poor rigidity, and cutter easily occurs and fractures, it is impaired that cutter gnawed by part;
(5) material is removed and is mainly concentrated in Milling Process, and milling amount is comparatively large, there is thermal stress and cutting stress in processing;
Interior grid surface is generally present in wall thickness and is less than 4mm, and diameter is greater than Φ 900mm, is highly greater than in the large cone revolving body of 400mm.
The processing method of the interior grid surface of existing taper revolving body is as follows:
(1) after heat treatment step is arranged in rough turn inside and outside shape, before milling;
(2) work flow be divided into rough mill, finish-milling operation, adopt the mode of machining center milling inner cone curved surface to carry out milling;
(3) interior grid Machining of Curved Surface is rough milled with round nose cutter, carries out curved surface finish-milling with ball head knife;
(4) sidewall back chipping adopts ball head knife, and the final mode of pincers worker polishing that adopts carries out back chipping.
Do not rough mill large material removal area before heat treatment, be out of shape comparatively large after causing rough milling interior grid surface, part exceeds allowance due to distortion, also needs the operation content increasing inner support correction; Do not have artificial aging procedure arrangement between interior grid Surface Rough, finish-milling, the stress after rough milling fully does not discharge, and during finish-milling, deformation amount controlling difficulty, directly has influence on this type of part wall thickness dimension precision; Milling Process amount unreasonable distribution, cause occurring when revising distortion that correcting margin is inadequate, part wall unevenness is even, circularity is poor, cannot ensure instructions for use; Adopt rose cutter to process during finish-milling, working (machining) efficiency is low, and the process-cycle is long; Because cutter elongation is comparatively large during sidewall back chipping, very easily breaking, and tool setting again after tool changing, error is large, also comparatively loses time; Interior grid surface corner speed controls undesirable, produces and gnaws cutter phenomenon.
Summary of the invention
For above defect or the Improvement requirement of prior art, the invention provides a kind of interior grid surface high-efficient milling method of taper revolving body, for by the blank machine-shaping of solid forging being the thin-wall conical revolving parts of grid surface in many openings, part deformation is little, dimensional accuracy is high, effectively can improve working (machining) efficiency, solve the problem that process-cycle is long, crudy is difficult to guarantee that distortion is large, wall unevenness is even, cutter is gnawed at interior grid surface turning, sidewall back chipping adopts pincers worker to polish and causes that existing processing method exists.
For achieving the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of interior grid surface high-efficient milling method of taper revolving body, comprise the following steps:
1) rough mill the negative camber of taper revolving body: negative camber is divided into fenestral fabric, network-like structure is primarily of multiple to be processed piece of composition, and each to be processed piece includes precipitous processing district and parallel processing district, and precipitous processing district surrounds parallel processing district; First rough mill precipitous processing district, tool selection round nose milling cutter, make precipitous processing district form the groove of rectangle like, the region of enclosing in groove is parallel processing district, forms the inner rip of taper revolving body between adjacent groove; Precipitous processing district adopts depth direction layering to process clockwise, each cutting-in 2.5mm ~ 3.5mm; Then the parallel processing district in rectangle like groove institute region is rough milled, parallel processing district adopts the machine direction consistent with interior surface curvature change direction to carry out layering processing, tool selection straight-tooth cutter, each cutting-in 2.5mm ~ 4mm, cuts 50% of the wide diameter for straight-tooth cutter; Precipitous processing district made allowance 3 ± 0.3mm equal to parallel processing district;
2) heat-treat taper revolving body, roundness deformation controls within 2mm;
3) the precipitous processing district of half finish-milling taper revolving body and parallel processing district, precipitous processing district and parallel processing district equal inner surface made allowance 1 ± 0.3mm;
4) artificial aging process is carried out to taper revolving body, eliminate taper revolving body and rough mill and the stress that produces in half finish-milling;
5) the precipitous processing district of finish-milling taper revolving body and parallel processing district, make wall thickness reach design size.
Preferably, step 3) in, precipitous processing district adopts depth direction to process clockwise, tool selection rose cutter, each cutting-in 0.5mm ~ 1mm; Parallel processing district adopts wide row processing method, tool selection round nose milling cutter, each cutting-in 1mm ~ 3mm, cuts 50% ~ 70% of the wide diameter for round nose milling cutter.
Preferably, step 5) in, precipitous processing district adopts depth direction to process clockwise, tool selection rose cutter, each cutting-in 0.5mm ~ 1mm; Parallel processing district adopts wide row processing method, tool selection round nose milling cutter, each cutting-in 1mm ~ 3mm, cuts 50% ~ 70% of the wide diameter for round nose milling cutter.
Preferably, step 1) in, when rough milling, the speed of mainshaft is 8000 ~ 10000r/min, and feed speed is 4500 ~ 5500mm/min, and each cutting-in is 2 ~ 3mm, and cutting wide is 3 ~ 5mm.
Preferably, step 3) in, during half finish-milling, the speed of mainshaft is 12000 ~ 15000r/min, and feed speed is 5000 ~ 6000mm/min, and each cutting-in is 2.5 ~ 3.5mm, and cutting wide is 4 ~ 7mm.
Preferably, step 5) in, during finish-milling, the speed of mainshaft is 12000 ~ 16000r/min, and feed speed is 5000 ~ 6000mm/min, and each cutting-in is 2.5 ~ 3.5mm, and cutting wide is 4 ~ 7mm.
In general, the above technical scheme conceived by the present invention compared with prior art, can obtain following beneficial effect:
1) inner surface of taper revolving body is first divided into precipitous processing district and parallel processing district by the present invention, and first carry out larger material to taper revolving body and remove, be out of shape less after rough milling interior grid surface, distortion can not exceed allowance;
2) increase by half finish-milling operation, artificial aging operation and reasonable distribution allowance, solve the problem of the part deformation of taper revolving body, the even circularity difference of wall unevenness;
3) by improve the working (machining) efficiency of product to cutting parameter and cut track path design, the working (machining) efficiency of part improves 2 ~ 3 times, and part qualification rate has brought up to more than 97% from 70%;
4) the present invention solves that the working (machining) efficiency that existing processing method exists is low, wall unevenness is even, the surperficial line that quivers of grid surface is large, cutter easy fracture chews the problems such as part in processing, improves part quality, shortens the manufacturing cycle.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the front view of taper revolving body in the present invention;
The precipitous processing district that Fig. 2 divides when being and rough milling taper revolving body in the present invention and parallel processing district;
Fig. 3 be in the present invention taper revolving body machine after sectional view.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.In addition, if below in described each embodiment of the present invention involved technical characteristic do not form conflict each other and just can mutually combine.
With reference to Fig. 1 ~ Fig. 3, a kind of interior grid surface high-efficient milling method of taper revolving body, comprises the following steps:
1) negative camber of taper revolving body is rough milled: blank inner surface was smooth originally, not grid, therefore need first negative camber to be divided into fenestral fabric, network-like structure is primarily of multiple to be processed piece of composition, and each to be processed piece includes precipitous processing district 1 and parallel processing district 2.First rough mill precipitous processing district 1, tool selection round nose milling cutter, make precipitous processing district form the groove of rectangle like, namely precipitous processing district 1 is the equal of groove processing district.The material that the groove of each rectangle like surrounds is parallel processing district 2, the inner rip 3 of taper revolving body is formed between adjacent groove, precipitous processing district 1 adopts depth direction layering to process clockwise, each cutting-in 2.5mm ~ 3.5mm, then rough mills the parallel processing district 2 of groove institute region; Parallel processing district 2 adopts the machine direction consistent with interior surface curvature change direction to carry out layering processing, tool selection straight-tooth cutter, each cutting-in 2.5mm ~ 4mm, cuts 50% of the wide diameter for straight-tooth cutter; Precipitous processing district 1 and parallel processing district 2 all made allowance 3 ± 0.3mm; When rough milling, the speed of mainshaft is 8000 ~ 10000r/min, and feed speed is 4500 ~ 5500mm/min, and each cutting-in is 2 ~ 3mm, and cutting wide is 3 ~ 5mm.After rough milling, the inner surface of taper revolving body just forms the inner rip 3 of a rule in thick step ground, parallel processing district 2 just slightly walks the groove one by one defined on taper revolving body inwall after rough milling, now inner rip 3 and groove slightly walk the structure forming interior grid surface, and interior grid surface comprises the inner surface (precipitous processing district) at the inner surface of inner rip 3, the inner surface (parallel processing district 2) of groove and groove place.
2) heat-treat taper revolving body, roundness deformation controls within 2mm;
3) the precipitous processing district of half finish-milling taper revolving body and parallel processing district, precipitous processing district and parallel processing district equal inner surface made allowance 1 ± 0.3mm; During half finish-milling, precipitous processing district 1 adopts depth direction to process the direction of motion of cutter (when standing work in-process septum cordis is observed from outside window), tool selection rose cutter, each cutting-in 0.5mm ~ 1mm clockwise; Parallel processing district 2 adopts wide row processing method, tool selection round nose milling cutter, each cutting-in 1mm ~ 3mm, cuts 50% ~ 70% of the wide diameter for round nose milling cutter.Now during half finish-milling, the speed of mainshaft is 12000 ~ 15000r/min, and feed speed is 5000 ~ 6000mm/min, and each cutting-in is 2.5 ~ 3.5mm, and cutting wide is 4 ~ 7mm.
4) artificial aging process is carried out to taper revolving body, eliminate taper revolving body and rough mill and the stress that produces in half finish-milling;
5) the precipitous processing district of finish-milling taper revolving body and parallel processing district, make wall thickness reach design size; Precipitous processing district 1 adopt depth direction process clockwise (when the clockwise direction in the present invention all refers to operative the work in-process heart safety door outside see the direction of motion of cutter), tool selection rose cutter, each cutting-in 0.5mm ~ 1mm; Parallel processing district 2 adopts wide row processing method, tool selection round nose milling cutter, each cutting-in 1mm ~ 3mm, cuts 50% ~ 70% of the wide diameter for round nose milling cutter.Now during finish-milling, the speed of mainshaft is 12000 ~ 16000r/min, and feed speed is 5000 ~ 6000mm/min, and each cutting-in is 2.5 ~ 3.5mm, and cutting wide is 4 ~ 7mm.
In sum, the main points of this method mainly contain following some:
(1) interior grid surface Milling Machining technical flow design;
1) inner surface of taper revolving body is rough milled, inner surface made allowance 3 ± 0.3mm;
2) heat treatment, requires that roundness deformation controls within 2mm;
3) half finish-milling inner surface, inner surface made allowance 1 ± 0.3mm;
4) artificial aging: eliminated the stress rough milled with in half finish-milling processing by artificial aging;
5) finish-milling inner surface, makes wall thickness reach design size.
(2) allowance distributes;
1) rough mill material removal amount and be not less than 80%.
(3) tool selection in Milling Process requires:
(3.1) when rough milling, precipitous processing district tool selection round nose milling cutter, parallel processing district tool selection straight-tooth cutter;
(3.2) when half essence, finish-milling, precipitous processing district tool selection rose cutter, parallel processing district tool selection round nose milling cutter.
(4) interior grid Surface Milling selects the Five-axis NC Machining Center with high-speed cutting function, and cutting parameter range of choice is in table 1;
Table 1 selection of quantities in cutting scope
| Speed of mainshaft r/min | Feed speed mm/min | Each cutting-in mm | Cut wide mm |
| 12000～16000 | 5000～6000 | 2.5～3.5 | 4～7 |
| 12000～15000 | 5000～6000 | 2.5～3.5 | 4～7 |
| 8000～10000 | 4500～5500 | 2～3 | 3～5 |
(5) Milling Process path design;
(5.1) path design is rough milled:
(5.1.1) machining area divides: the inner surface of taper revolving body is divided into two kinds of features, is all around defined as precipitous processing district 1, median curved surface is defined as parallel processing district 2; .Processing precipitous processing district 1, mainly in order to form inner rip 3, marking interior grid, so that half follow-up finish-milling and finish-milling, when follow-up half finish-milling, finish-milling, parallel processing district 2 and inner rip 3 can be processed by emphasis.
(5.1.2) processing sequence: first material removal process is carried out to precipitous processing district 1, then parallel processing district 2 is processed;
(5.1.3) route designing method:
A) precipitous processing district 1 adopts depth direction layering to process clockwise, as preferably, and each cutting-in 2.5mm ~ 3.5mm;
B) parallel processing district 2 adopts the machine direction consistent with curvature of curved surface change direction to carry out layering processing, tool selection straight-tooth cutter, and as preferably, each cutting-in 2.5 ~ 3.5mm, cutting wide is 50% of the diameter of straight-tooth cutter.
(5.2) half finish-millings, finish-milling path design:
A) precipitous processing district 1 adopts profile to process clockwise, tool selection rose cutter, each cutting-in 0.5mm ~ 1mm;
B) parallel processing district 2 adopts wide row processing method, tool selection round nose milling cutter, each cutting-in 1mm ~ 3mm, cuts 50% ~ 70% of the wide diameter for round nose milling cutter.
(5.3) cutter path design principle:
A) longer in curved surface boundary line is machining direction;
B) should be the longest for principle with wall scroll cutting line; For the curved surface that radius of curvature changes greatly, should with minimum curvature direction for machining direction;
C) for concave curved surface, should along its relatively not recessed direction feed; For convex surface, should along its most convex direction feed.
In described procedure of processing, adopt thick, half essence, finish-milling operation, according to part deformation amount, reasonable distribution control is carried out to chipping allowance, and in the end stay 1 ± 0.3mm correction to reach design size to make wall thickness in operation.
The present invention, by increase by half finish-milling operation, artificial aging operation and reasonable distribution allowance, solves part deformation, the problem of the even circularity difference of wall unevenness; By improve the working (machining) efficiency of product to cutting parameter and cut track path design, the working (machining) efficiency of part improves 2 ~ 3 times, and part qualification rate has brought up to more than 97% from 70%.
Taper revolving body below in conjunction with a concrete size illustrates its processing method, the two ends outside diameter of this taper revolving body is respectively Φ 983, Φ 1192, part height is designed to 500mm, by the machine-shaping of integral loop edging part, the forging inner surface of machine-shaping does not have rib, inner surface smoother.
The whole process of taper revolving body is comprised:
(1) large surplus is rough milled:
1.1) process introversion lattice curved surface, made allowance 3mm, select cutter to be: Φ 20R0, Φ 20R5;
1.2) process each opening, periphery surplus 3mm, select cutter to be: Φ 10R0;
(2) heat treatment: require that roundness deformation controls within 2mm;
(3) forging detects: ultrasound examination forging quality;
(4) turnery processing: face work, end face and interior profile surplus 1mm;
(5) half finish-milling processing: the adjustment of part front and back ends outer circles is controlled within Φ 0.5mm;
(5.1) the bent lattice curved surface of shape in processing, inner surface made allowance 1mm, tool selection cutter is: Φ 20R5;
(5.2) process each opening to size, tool selection cutter is: Φ 10R0;
(6) artificial aging step: eliminate the stress in processing by artificial aging;
(7) turning:
(7.1) coordinate centering front and back end frame axiality within 0.2, according to the axial dimension of part and interior, coordinate flat both ends of the surface, axial dimension 502mm, both ends of the surface flatness 0.1mm, depth of parallelism 0.2mm;
(7.2) take end face as benchmark, support endoporus, pressure endoporus step, centering endoporus is beated
within 0.05, within end face run-out 0.1, processing endoporus, profile, process monolateral residue cutting output 1mm, wall thickness dimension 5mm;
(8) finish-milling processing: the adjustment of part front and back ends outer circles is controlled within Φ 0.2mm;
(8.1) grid surface in processing parts, wall thickness dimension is machined to design size.Tool selection cutter is: Φ 20R5, Φ 10R5;
(8.2) upper shed of processing excircles face, is machined to design size, tool selection Φ 10R0;
(9) turnery processing:
(9.1) take large end face as benchmark, pressure endoporus step, centering endoporus is beated
within 0.05, within end face run-out 0.05, compress, cooperative dimensioning, flat large and small end face, axial dimension is 500mm, end face plane degree 0.1mm, depth of parallelism 0.2mm;
(9.2) take end face as benchmark, support endoporus, pressure endoporus step, centering endoporus is beated
within 0.05, within end face run-out 0.05, the inside and outside shape of processing parts, wall thickness dimension 3 ± 0.2mm;
(9.3) end face seal groove is processed to design size;
(10) butt hole procedure of processing:
(10.1) take end face as benchmark, support endoporus, pressure endoporus step, looks for upper/lower terminal outer circles (everywhere symmetric points) within Φ 0.05, all butt holes of processing size both ends of the surface.
Those skilled in the art will readily understand; the foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention; not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. an interior grid surface high-efficient milling method for taper revolving body, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
1) rough mill the negative camber of taper revolving body: negative camber is divided into fenestral fabric, network-like structure is primarily of multiple to be processed piece of composition, and each to be processed piece includes precipitous processing district and parallel processing district, and precipitous processing district surrounds parallel processing district; First rough mill precipitous processing district, tool selection round nose milling cutter, make precipitous processing district form the groove of rectangle like, the region of enclosing in groove is parallel processing district, forms the inner rip of taper revolving body between adjacent groove; Precipitous processing district adopts depth direction layering to process clockwise, each cutting-in 2.5mm ~ 3.5mm; Then the parallel processing district in rectangle like groove institute region is rough milled, parallel processing district adopts the machine direction consistent with interior surface curvature change direction to carry out layering processing, tool selection straight-tooth cutter, each cutting-in 2.5mm ~ 4mm, cuts 50% of the wide diameter for straight-tooth cutter; Precipitous processing district made allowance 3 ± 0.3mm equal to parallel processing district;
2) heat-treat taper revolving body, roundness deformation controls within 2mm;
3) the precipitous processing district of half finish-milling taper revolving body and parallel processing district, precipitous processing district made allowance 1 ± 0.3mm equal to parallel processing district;
4) artificial aging process is carried out to taper revolving body, eliminate taper revolving body and rough mill and the stress that produces in half finish-milling;
5) the precipitous processing district of finish-milling taper revolving body and parallel processing district, make wall thickness reach design size.
2. the interior grid surface high-efficient milling method of a kind of taper revolving body according to claim 1, is characterized in that: step 3) in, precipitous processing district adopts depth direction to process clockwise, tool selection rose cutter, each cutting-in 0.5mm ~ 1mm; Parallel processing district adopts wide row processing method, tool selection round nose milling cutter, each cutting-in 1mm ~ 3mm, cuts 50% ~ 70% of the wide diameter for round nose milling cutter.
3. the interior grid surface high-efficient milling method of a kind of taper revolving body according to claim 1, is characterized in that: step 5) in, precipitous processing district adopts depth direction to process clockwise, tool selection rose cutter, each cutting-in 0.5mm ~ 1mm; Parallel processing district adopts wide row processing method, tool selection round nose milling cutter, each cutting-in 1mm ~ 3mm, cuts 50% ~ 70% of the wide diameter for round nose milling cutter.
4. the interior grid surface high-efficient milling method of a kind of taper revolving body according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: step 1) in, when rough milling, the speed of mainshaft is 8000 ~ 10000r/min, and feed speed is 4500 ~ 5500mm/min, each cutting-in is 2 ~ 3mm, and cutting wide is 3 ~ 5mm.
5. the interior grid surface high-efficient milling method of a kind of taper revolving body according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: step 3) in, during half finish-milling, the speed of mainshaft is 12000 ~ 15000r/min, feed speed is 5000 ~ 6000mm/min, each cutting-in is 2.5 ~ 3.5mm, and cutting wide is 4 ~ 7mm.
6. the interior grid surface high-efficient milling method of a kind of taper revolving body according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: step 5) in, during finish-milling, the speed of mainshaft is 12000 ~ 16000r/min, feed speed is 5000 ~ 6000mm/min, each cutting-in is 2.5 ~ 3.5mm, and cutting wide is 4 ~ 7mm.
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| CN111001861B (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-09-22 | 西安航天动力机械有限公司 | Numerical control machining method for cavity in large aluminum alloy skirt body |
| CN112171198A (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2021-01-05 | 中国航发贵州黎阳航空动力有限公司 | Machining method of grid structure part |
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| CN116713517B (en) * | 2023-04-11 | 2024-01-05 | 成都艾威机械有限公司 | Processing method of long truss thin plate array groove |
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