CN104439452B - A kind of interior grid surface high-efficient milling method of taper revolving body - Google Patents

A kind of interior grid surface high-efficient milling method of taper revolving body Download PDF

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CN104439452B
CN104439452B CN201410685510.7A CN201410685510A CN104439452B CN 104439452 B CN104439452 B CN 104439452B CN 201410685510 A CN201410685510 A CN 201410685510A CN 104439452 B CN104439452 B CN 104439452B
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revolving body
milling
processing district
taper revolving
precipitous
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CN104439452A (en
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郭玉
罗加斌
刘凯
程慧珍
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Hubei Sanjiang Aerospace Group Hongyang Electromechanical Co Ltd
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Hubei Sanjiang Aerospace Group Hongyang Electromechanical Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23CMILLING
    • B23C3/00Milling particular work; Special milling operations; Machines therefor
    • B23C3/02Milling surfaces of revolution

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of interior grid surface high-efficient milling method of taper revolving body, comprise the following steps: 1) rough mill the negative camber of taper revolving body;2) taper revolving body being carried out heat treatment, roundness deformation controls within 2mm;3) inner surface of half finish-milling taper revolving body, inner surface made allowance 1 ± 0.3mm;4) taper revolving body is carried out artificial aging, eliminate taper revolving body and rough mill and the stress of generation in half finish-milling;5) inner surface of finish-milling taper revolving body, makes wall thickness reach design size.The present invention increases by half finish-milling operation, artificial aging operation and reasonable distribution allowance, solves the part deformation of taper revolving body, the problem of wall unevenness even circularity difference;By cutting parameter and cut track path design the working (machining) efficiency that improve product, the working (machining) efficiency of part improves 2~3 times, and part qualification rate has brought up to more than 97% from 70%.

Description

A kind of interior grid surface high-efficient milling method of taper revolving body
Technical field
The invention belongs to Milling Process field, the interior grid surface particularly to a kind of taper revolving body is high Effect method for milling.
Background technology
Currently mainly use skeleton covering riveting, casting, chemical milling, melting welding, solid forging or The technology such as agitating friction weldering manufacture large thin-wall taper rotary part.
Large cone revolving body manufacturing technology level with manufacture equipment capability propose renewal upgrading with low become This manufacture requirements, the manufacture of large-scale unitary tapered revolving body is except structure light wt to be met, it is necessary to tool Standby good comprehensive mechanical property, at present, in employing grid ribs, the large cone revolving body of shape curved surface is Become a kind of structure type that product design is first-selected.The mode generally using rough forging+machining is entered The interior shape grid that row manufacture, the large-scale grid ribs curved surface opening for large scale and inner mold space are the biggest Muscle curved surface, mainly uses NC Milling mode to remove material surplus, and processing space is done with main shaft The Mini-type Grid muscle curved surface related to, can process by the mode of chemistry milling, but chemistry milling environmental pollution is relatively Greatly, not using, in NC Milling, grid surface becomes first-selected processing method.
Therefore, in Aerospace manufacturing industry, the processing for the interior grid surface of large cone revolving body is main Use solid forging blank, carried out the manufacture of product by Milling Process.
The interior grid Machining of Curved Surface feature of taper revolving body has the following characteristics that
(1) the own diameter of taper revolving parts with interior grid surface is big, wall is thin, on periphery Opening is many, the highest, rigidity is weak, is easily generated deformation;
(2) in taper revolving body, shape is made up of large-area interior grid surface, and material removal amount is very big, Traditional diamond-making technique uses ball head knife processing curve, and working (machining) efficiency is low, and uses the processing of round nose cutter to deposit The requirement of design is not reached in surface roughness;
(3) large-scale interior grid Machining of Curved Surface unit is latticed, and turning quantity is many, and cutter commutation is frequent, At grid periphery corner's main shaft everywhere by greater impact, spindle vibration amplitude is big, easily causes and gnaws cutter;
(4) interior grid surface separation muscle is not of uniform size with curved surface difference in height.Height fall is big, adds man-hour The cantilevered out amount of cutter is relatively big, and the tool diameter used during sidewall back chipping is less than normal, and cutter poor rigidity easily occurs Cutter fractures, and it is impaired that cutter gnawed by part;
(5) material is removed and is concentrated mainly in Milling Process, and milling amount is relatively big, and there is heat in processing should Power and cutting stress;
Interior grid surface is generally present in wall thickness and is less than 4mm, and diameter is more than Φ 900mm, is highly more than In the large cone revolving body of 400mm.
The processing method of the interior grid surface of existing taper revolving body is as follows:
(1) after heat treatment step is arranged in rough turn inside and outside shape, before milling;
(2) work flow be divided into rough mill, finish-milling operation, use machining center milling inner cone curved surface mode Carry out milling;
(3) interior grid Machining of Curved Surface is rough milled with round nose cutter, carries out curved surface finish-milling with ball head knife;
(4) sidewall back chipping uses ball head knife, the final mode using pincers worker polishing to carry out back chipping.
Big material removal area is not rough milled before heat treatment, after causing rough milling interior grid surface Deformation is relatively big, and part, owing to deformation is beyond allowance, also needs to increase the in-process of internal stay correction Hold;Not having artificial aging procedure arrangement between interior grid Surface Rough, finish-milling, the stress after rough milling does not fills Subrelease is put, and during finish-milling, deformation amount controlling difficulty, directly influences this type of part wall thickness dimension precision;Milling Cut processing capacity unreasonable distribution, cause when revising deformation, occurring that correcting margin is inadequate, part wall unevenness Even, circularity is poor, it is impossible to ensure use requirement;Use rose cutter to be processed during finish-milling, add work efficiency Rate is low, and the process-cycle is long;During sidewall back chipping due to cutter elongation relatively greatly, easily breaking, and tool changing After again to cutter, error is big, the most relatively loses time;Interior grid surface corner rate controlled is undesirable, Cutter phenomenon is gnawed in generation.
Summary of the invention
For disadvantages described above or the Improvement requirement of prior art, the invention provides a kind of taper revolving body Interior grid surface high-efficient milling method, in the blank machine-shaping of solid forging is many openings The thin-wall conical revolving parts of grid surface, part deformation is little, and dimensional accuracy is high, can be effectively improved Working (machining) efficiency, solve existing processing method exist deformation big, wall unevenness is even, interior grid surface turns Cutter is gnawed at angle, the employing pincers worker of sidewall back chipping is polished to be caused process-cycle length, crudy are difficult to ensure that Problem.
For achieving the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, it is provided that a kind of taper revolving body Interior grid surface high-efficient milling method, comprises the following steps:
1) negative camber of taper revolving body is rough milled: negative camber is divided into fenestral fabric, latticed knot Structure is mainly formed by multiple to be processed piece, and each to be processed piece all includes precipitous processing district and parallel processing District, precipitous processing district surrounds parallel processing district;First precipitous processing district is rough milled, tool selection circle Nose milling cutter, the region making precipitous processing district be enclosed in forming the groove of rectangle like, groove is parallel adding Work area, forms the inner rip of taper revolving body between adjacent groove;Precipitous processing district uses degree of depth side To layering processing, each cutting-in 2.5mm~3.5mm clockwise;Then to rectangle like groove Suo Wei district Parallel processing district in territory is rough milled, and parallel processing district uses consistent with interior surface curvature change direction Machine direction carry out layering processing, tool selection straight-tooth cutter, each cutting-in 2.5mm~4mm, cut The 50% of the diameter of a width of straight-tooth cutter;Precipitous processing district made allowance equal with parallel processing district 3 ± 0.3mm;
2) taper revolving body being carried out heat treatment, roundness deformation controls within 2mm;
3) the precipitous processing district of half finish-milling taper revolving body and parallel processing district, precipitous processing district is with parallel Processing district equal inner surface made allowance 1 ± 0.3mm;
4) taper revolving body is carried out artificial aging process, eliminate taper revolving body rough mill with in half finish-milling The stress produced;
5) the precipitous processing district of finish-milling taper revolving body and parallel processing district, make wall thickness reach design size.
Preferably, step 3) in, precipitous processing district uses depth direction to process clockwise, tool selection Rose cutter, each cutting-in 0.5mm~1mm;Parallel processing district uses wide-line processing method, and cutter selects Use round nose milling cutter, each cutting-in 1mm~3mm, cut a width of round nose milling cutter diameter 50%~70%.
Preferably, step 5) in, precipitous processing district uses depth direction to process clockwise, tool selection Rose cutter, each cutting-in 0.5mm~1mm;Parallel processing district uses wide-line processing method, and cutter selects Use round nose milling cutter, each cutting-in 1mm~3mm, cut a width of round nose milling cutter diameter 50%~70%.
Preferably, step 1) in, when rough milling, the speed of mainshaft is 8000~10000r/min, feed speed Being 4500~5500mm/min, each cutting-in is 2~3mm, cuts a width of 3~5mm.
Preferably, step 3) in, during half finish-milling, the speed of mainshaft is 12000~15000r/min, feeding speed Degree is 5000~6000mm/min, and each cutting-in is 2.5~3.5mm, cuts a width of 4~7mm.
Preferably, step 5) in, during finish-milling, the speed of mainshaft is 12000~16000r/min, feed speed Being 5000~6000mm/min, each cutting-in is 2.5~3.5mm, cuts a width of 4~7mm.
In general, by the contemplated above technical scheme of the present invention compared with prior art, it is possible to Obtain following beneficial effect:
1) inner surface of taper revolving body is first divided into precipitous processing district and parallel processing district by the present invention, Taper revolving body first carries out bigger material remove, deform less after rough milling interior grid surface, deformation Without departing from allowance;
2) increase by half finish-milling operation, artificial aging operation and reasonable distribution allowance, solve cone The problem of the part deformation of shape revolving body, wall unevenness even circularity difference;
3) by cutting parameter and cut track path being designed the working (machining) efficiency that improve product, adding of part Work efficiency rate improves 2~3 times, and part qualification rate has brought up to more than 97% from 70%;
4) present invention solve existing processing method exist working (machining) efficiency low, wall unevenness is even, grid is bent Surface, face quivers that stricture of vagina is big, cutter easy fracture chews the problems such as part in processing, improves part quality, contracting The short manufacturing cycle.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the front view of taper revolving body in the present invention;
The precipitous processing district divided when Fig. 2 is to rough mill taper revolving body in the present invention and parallel processing district;
Fig. 3 is the sectional view after taper revolving body machines in the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing And embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that described herein specifically Embodiment only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.Additionally, it is disclosed below Just may be used as long as technical characteristic involved in each embodiment of the present invention does not constitutes conflict each other To be mutually combined.
With reference to Fig. 1~Fig. 3, a kind of interior grid surface high-efficient milling method of taper revolving body, including with Lower step:
1) negative camber of taper revolving body is rough milled: blank inner surface was smooth originally, not net Lattice, it is therefore desirable to negative camber is first divided into fenestral fabric, fenestral fabric is mainly by multiple to be added Work block forms, and each to be processed piece all includes precipitous processing district 1 and parallel processing district 2.First add precipitous Work area 1 is rough milled, tool selection round nose milling cutter, makes precipitous processing district form the groove of rectangle like, The most precipitous processing district 1 is the equal of groove processing district.The material that the groove of each rectangle like is surrounded For parallel processing district 2, between adjacent groove, form the inner rip 3 of taper revolving body, precipitous processing district 1 uses depth direction layering processing clockwise, and each cutting-in 2.5mm~3.5mm, then to groove institute The parallel processing district 2 enclosing region is rough milled;Parallel processing district 2 uses and interior surface curvature change side To consistent machine direction carry out layering processing, tool selection straight-tooth cutter, each cutting-in 2.5mm~ 4mm, cut a width of straight-tooth cutter diameter 50%;Precipitous processing district 1 is all stayed remaining with parallel processing district 2 Amount 3 ± 0.3mm;When rough milling, the speed of mainshaft is 8000~10000r/min, and feed speed is 4500~5500mm/min, each cutting-in is 2~3mm, cuts a width of 3~5mm.After rough milling, taper is returned Forming to the thickest step of the inner surface turned the inner rip 3 of a rule, parallel processing district 2 is the thickest after rough milling Step defines the groove one by one on taper revolving body inwall, and now inner rip 3 and groove slightly walk formation The structure of interior grid surface, interior grid surface includes the inner surface of the inner surface of inner rip 3, groove Inner surface (precipitous processing district) at (parallel processing district 2) and groove.
2) taper revolving body being carried out heat treatment, roundness deformation controls within 2mm;
3) the precipitous processing district of half finish-milling taper revolving body and parallel processing district, precipitous processing district is with parallel Processing district equal inner surface made allowance 1 ± 0.3mm;During half finish-milling, precipitous processing district 1 uses depth direction Processing (direction of motion of cutter when standing work in-process septum cordis is observed from outside window), cutter clockwise Tool selects rose cutter, each cutting-in 0.5mm~1mm;Parallel processing district 2 uses wide-line processing method, Tool selection round nose milling cutter, each cutting-in 1mm~3mm, cut a width of round nose milling cutter diameter 50%~ 70%.Now during half finish-milling, the speed of mainshaft is 12000~15000r/min, and feed speed is 5000~6000mm/min, each cutting-in is 2.5~3.5mm, cuts a width of 4~7mm.
4) taper revolving body is carried out artificial aging process, eliminate taper revolving body rough mill with in half finish-milling The stress produced;
5) the precipitous processing district of finish-milling taper revolving body and parallel processing district, make wall thickness reach design size; Precipitous processing district 1 uses depth direction to process clockwise, and (clockwise direction in the present invention refers both to workman The direction of motion of cutter is seen outside the safety door of the work in-process heart during operation), tool selection rose cutter, often Secondary cutting-in 0.5mm~1mm;Parallel processing district 2 uses wide-line processing method, tool selection round nose milling cutter, Every time cutting-in 1mm~3mm, cut a width of round nose milling cutter diameter 50%~70%.Now main shaft during finish-milling Rotating speed is 12000~16000r/min, and feed speed is 5000~6000mm/min, and each cutting-in is 2.5~3.5mm, cut a width of 4~7mm.
In sum, the main points of this method mainly have following some:
(1) interior grid surface Milling Machining technical flow design;
1) inner surface of taper revolving body, inner surface made allowance 3 ± 0.3mm are rough milled;
2) heat treatment, it is desirable to roundness deformation controls within 2mm;
3) half finish-milling inner surface, inner surface made allowance 1 ± 0.3mm;
4) artificial aging: eliminated the stress rough milled in processing with half finish-milling by artificial aging;
5) finish-milling inner surface, makes wall thickness reach design size.
(2) allowance distribution;
1) material removal amount is rough milled not less than 80%.
(3) tool selection in Milling Process requires:
(3.1) when rough milling, precipitous processing district tool selection round nose milling cutter, parallel processing district tool selection Straight-tooth cutter;
(3.2) when half essence, finish-milling, precipitous processing district tool selection rose cutter, parallel processing district cutter Tool selects round nose milling cutter.
(4) interior grid Surface Milling selects the Five-axis NC Machining Center with high-speed cutting function, cutting ginseng The number range of choice is shown in Table 1;
Table 1 selection of quantities in cutting scope
Speed of mainshaft r/min Feed speed mm/min Cutting-in mm every time Cut wide mm
12000~16000 5000~6000 2.5~3.5 4~7
12000~15000 5000~6000 2.5~3.5 4~7
8000~10000 4500~5500 2~3 3~5
(5) Milling Process path design;
(5.1) rough mill path to design:
(5.1.1) machining area divides: the inner surface of taper revolving body is divided into two kinds of features, and four Enclosing and be defined as precipitous processing district 1, median curved surface is defined as parallel processing district 2.Process precipitous processing district 1, primarily to form inner rip 3, mark interior grid, in order to half follow-up finish-milling and finish-milling, When half follow-up finish-milling, finish-milling, parallel processing district 2 and inner rip 3 can be processed with emphasis.
(5.1.2) processing sequence: first precipitous processing district 1 is carried out material removal process, then to flat Row processing district 2 processes;
(5.1.3) route designing method:
A) precipitous processing district 1 uses depth direction layering clockwise processing, as preferably, and each cutting-in 2.5mm~3.5mm;
B) parallel processing district 2 uses the machine direction consistent with curvature of curved surface change direction to carry out layering and add Work, tool selection straight-tooth cutter, as preferably, each cutting-in 2.5~3.5mm, cut a width of straight-tooth cutter Diameter 50%.
(5.2) half finish-millings, the design of finish-milling path:
A) precipitous processing district 1 uses depth direction to process clockwise, tool selection rose cutter, every time Cutting-in 0.5mm~1mm;
B) parallel processing district 2 uses wide-line processing method, tool selection round nose milling cutter, each cutting-in 1mm~ 3mm, cut a width of round nose milling cutter diameter 50%~70%.
(5.3) cutter path design principle:
A) boundary line longer in curved surface is machining direction;
B) should be with wall scroll cutting line up to principle;The curved surface changed greatly for radius of curvature, should With minimum curvature direction as machining direction;
C) for concave curved surface, it should along the direction feed that it is the most recessed;For convex surface, it should Along the direction feed that it is the most convex.
In described procedure of processing, use thick, half essence, finish-milling operation, according to part deformation amount to cutting Surplus carries out reasonable distribution control, and stays 1 ± 0.3mm correction in finishing operation so that wall thickness reaches Design size.
The present invention by increasing by half finish-milling operation, artificial aging operation and reasonable distribution allowance, Solve part deformation, the problem of wall unevenness even circularity difference;By to cutting parameter and Dao Gui road Footpath design improves the working (machining) efficiency of product, and the working (machining) efficiency of part improves 2~3 times, part qualification rate More than 97% has been brought up to from 70%.
Taper revolving body below in conjunction with a concrete size illustrates its processing method, this taper revolving body Two ends outside diameter be respectively Φ 983, Φ 1192, part height is designed as 500mm, by integral loop Edging part machine-shaping, the forging inner surface of machine-shaping does not has rib, inner surface smoother.
The whole course of processing of taper revolving body is included:
(1) big surplus is rough milled:
1.1) processing introversion lattice curved surface, made allowance 3mm, selection cutter is: Φ 20R0, Φ20R5;
1.2) processing each opening, periphery surplus 3mm, selection cutter is: Φ 10R0;
(2) heat treatment: require that roundness deformation controls within 2mm;
(3) forging detection: ultrasound examination forging quality;
(4) turnery processing: face work, end face and interior profile surplus 1mm;
(5) half finish-millings processing: by part front and back ends outer circles adjust control Φ 0.5mm with In;
(5.1) shape song lattice curved surface in processing, inner surface made allowance 1mm, tool selection cutter is: Φ 20R5;
(5.2) processing each opening to size, tool selection cutter is: Φ 10R0;
(6) artificial aging step: eliminate the stress in processing by artificial aging;
(7) turning:
(7.1) coordinate centering front and back end frame axiality within 0.2, according to the axial dimension of part and In, coordinate flat both ends of the surface, axial dimension 502mm, both ends of the surface flatness 0.1mm, depth of parallelism 0.2mm;
(7.2) on the basis of end face, supportting endoporus, press endoporus step, centering endoporus is beatedWith In, within end face run-out 0.1, process endoporus, profile, process monolateral residue cutting output 1mm, wall Thick size 5mm;
(8) finish-milling processing: part front and back ends outer circles is adjusted and controls within Φ 0.2mm;
(8.1) grid surface in processing part, wall thickness dimension is machined to design size.Tool selection cutter Tool is: Φ 20R5, Φ 10R5;
(8.2) processing excircles face upper shed, is machined to design size, tool selection Φ 10R0;
(9) turnery processing:
(9.1) on the basis of large end face, pressing endoporus step, centering endoporus is beatedWithin, end Face is beated within 0.05, compresses, cooperative dimensioning, flat large and small end face, and axial dimension is 500mm, End face plane degree 0.1mm, depth of parallelism 0.2mm;
(9.2) on the basis of end face, supportting endoporus, press endoporus step, centering endoporus is beatedWith In, within end face run-out 0.05, process the inside and outside shape of part, wall thickness dimension 3 ± 0.2mm;
(9.3) processing end face seal groove is to design size;
(10) butt hole procedure of processing:
(10.1) on the basis of end face, support endoporus, press endoporus step, look for upper/lower terminal cylindrical coaxial Degree, within Φ 0.05 (point of symmetry everywhere), processes all butt holes of size both ends of the surface.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that and the foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, Not in order to limit the present invention, all made within the spirit and principles in the present invention any amendment, etc. With replacement and improvement etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. the interior grid surface high-efficient milling method of a taper revolving body, it is characterised in that: include following Step:
1) negative camber of taper revolving body is rough milled: negative camber is divided into fenestral fabric, latticed knot Structure is mainly formed by multiple to be processed piece, and each to be processed piece all includes precipitous processing district and parallel processing District, precipitous processing district surrounds parallel processing district;First precipitous processing district is rough milled, tool selection circle Nose milling cutter, the region making precipitous processing district be enclosed in forming the groove of rectangle like, groove is parallel adding Work area, forms the inner rip of taper revolving body between adjacent groove;Precipitous processing district uses degree of depth side To layering processing, each cutting-in 2.5mm~3.5mm clockwise;Then to rectangle like groove Suo Wei district Parallel processing district in territory is rough milled, and parallel processing district uses consistent with interior surface curvature change direction Machine direction carry out layering processing, tool selection straight-tooth cutter, each cutting-in 2.5mm~4mm, cut The 50% of the diameter of a width of straight-tooth cutter;Precipitous processing district made allowance equal with parallel processing district 3 ± 0.3mm;
2) taper revolving body being carried out heat treatment, roundness deformation controls within 2mm;
3) the precipitous processing district of half finish-milling taper revolving body and parallel processing district, precipitous processing district is with parallel Processing district equal made allowance 1 ± 0.3mm;
4) taper revolving body is carried out artificial aging process, eliminate taper revolving body rough mill with in half finish-milling The stress produced;
5) the precipitous processing district of finish-milling taper revolving body and parallel processing district, make wall thickness reach design size.
The interior grid surface high-efficient milling method of a kind of taper revolving body the most according to claim 1, It is characterized in that: step 3) in, precipitous processing district uses depth direction to process clockwise, tool selection Rose cutter, each cutting-in 0.5mm~1mm;Parallel processing district uses wide-line processing method, and cutter selects Use round nose milling cutter, each cutting-in 1mm~3mm, cut a width of round nose milling cutter diameter 50%~70%.
The interior grid surface high-efficient milling method of a kind of taper revolving body the most according to claim 1, It is characterized in that: step 5) in, precipitous processing district uses depth direction to process clockwise, tool selection Rose cutter, each cutting-in 0.5mm~1mm;Parallel processing district uses wide-line processing method, and cutter selects Use round nose milling cutter, each cutting-in 1mm~3mm, cut a width of round nose milling cutter diameter 50%~70%.
The interior grid surface high-efficient milling method of a kind of taper revolving body the most according to claim 1, It is characterized in that: step 1) in, when rough milling, the speed of mainshaft is 8000~10000r/min, feed speed Being 4500~5500mm/min, each cutting-in is 2~3mm, cuts a width of 3~5mm.
The interior grid surface high-efficient milling method of a kind of taper revolving body the most according to claim 1, It is characterized in that: step 3) in, during half finish-milling, the speed of mainshaft is 12000~15000r/min, feeding speed Degree is 5000~6000mm/min, and each cutting-in is 2.5~3.5mm, cuts a width of 4~7mm.
The interior grid surface high-efficient milling method of a kind of taper revolving body the most according to claim 1, It is characterized in that: step 5) in, during finish-milling, the speed of mainshaft is 12000~16000r/min, feed speed Being 5000~6000mm/min, each cutting-in is 2.5~3.5mm, cuts a width of 4~7mm.
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