Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide drying means Radix Ophiopogonis that a kind of automaticity is high, drying effect is good.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: one drying means Radix Ophiopogonis, comprises the following steps:
(1) gather in the crops Radix Ophiopogonis in fine day, arrange, clean;
(2) Tubers of Ophiopogon japonicus cut of vapor baking, is baked to and starts Radix Ophiopogonis to shrink;
(3) Radix Ophiopogonis after kneading contraction, dry after kneading, repeatedly kneading is smooth to epidermis Radix Ophiopogonis with oven dry repeatedly again;
(4) Radix Ophiopogonis after kneading oven dry is cooled to room temperature.
Preferred: the Radix Ophiopogonis in step (2) is first 35 ± 5 DEG C in temperature, humidity is baking 4 ± 0.5 hours continuously under the steam ambient of 30 ± 1%, removes top layer moisture Radix Ophiopogonis; Then be 40 ~ 45 DEG C in temperature, humidity is continue baking 3.5 ± 0.5 hours under the steam ambient of 33 ± 1%, evaporation internal moisture Radix Ophiopogonis; Last is 50 DEG C in temperature again, and humidity is rebake 4 ± 0.5 hours under 35 ± 1% steam ambient, makes to start Radix Ophiopogonis to shrink.
Preferred: the vapor baking in step (2) completes in closed drying plant.
Preferred: in step (3), the time of each kneading Radix Ophiopogonis is 0.5 hour, after each kneading, transepidermal water Radix Ophiopogonis is dried, dry and carry out under 55 DEG C ~ 65 DEG C temperature environments.
Preferred: in step (3) Radix Ophiopogonis water content≤18.0% after repeatedly kneading is dried.
Preferred: in step (3), Radix Ophiopogonis is through 7 kneading and oven dry repeatedly.
Preferred: in step (3), Radix Ophiopogonis carries out kneading in ophiopogon root removing machine.
Preferred: in step (3), Radix Ophiopogonis dries in turning plate type dryer.
Preferred: in step (4), Radix Ophiopogonis is cooled to room temperature in cooler.
Preferred: the chilling temperature of described cooler is 20 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C.
The present invention has following beneficial effect: utilize such drying means to carry out dried to Radix Ophiopogonis, and dried Radix Ophiopogonis, epidermis was smooth, and fruit grain is mellow and full, full, and medical value is high.Achieve batch automatic production, not by the impact of weather conditions, ensure that the stable of color and luster Radix Ophiopogonis, quality, the more traditional dry in the sun mode of drying efficiency improves greatly simultaneously.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described:
Embodiment 1
One drying means Radix Ophiopogonis, comprises the following steps:
(1) the Second Year early and middle ten days in April (Ching Ming Festival is to grain rains) after planting Radix Ophiopogonis selects fine day to gather in the crops.Shrug off root earth Radix Ophiopogonis, cut tuber and fibrous root with shears.The radicula at tuber two ends retains length and is no more than 1 centimetre.Band clod root is put into large bamboo or wicker basket, eluriates in flowing water, clean tuber is transported back.
(2) will be placed in dehydrator Radix Ophiopogonis Radix Ophiopogonis, Radix Ophiopogonis, dehydrator was closed, automatically can regulate the humiture in drying room, dehydrator temperature is set as 35 DEG C, and humidity set is 30%, and dehydrator pattern is set as high wind, toasted 4 hours.
(3) dehydrator temperature is reset to 43 DEG C, humidity set is 33%, reaches after setting value until humiture, continuously baking 3.5 hours.
(4) again improve dehydrator humiture, dehydrator temperature is set as 50 DEG C, and humidity set is 35%, reaches after setting value until humiture, continuously baking 4 hours.
(5), after baking terminates, use ophiopogon root removing machine to carry out kneading to Radix Ophiopogonis, then will put into turning plate type dryer Radix Ophiopogonis and again dry, the time of each kneading is 0.5 hour, turning plate type dryer operating temperature is set to 60 DEG C, and after each kneading, by Radix Ophiopogonis, the moisture oven dry of epidermis carries out kneading again, repeat 7 kneadings and drying course, total used time is about 24h, and at this moment Radix Ophiopogonis, surface was very smooth, and color and luster is comparatively bright, after measured, the water content of Radix Ophiopogonis is about 13.1%.
(6) Radix Ophiopogonis after kneading being dried puts into cooler and cools, and cooling built-in temperature is arranged on 22 DEG C, and cool through about 10min ~ 15min, Radix Ophiopogonis, temperature was close to room temperature, will pack packing Radix Ophiopogonis and be sent to controlled atmosphere store storage.
Epidermis Radix Ophiopogonis that obtains of the present embodiment drying is smooth, and fruit grain is mellow and full, full, and processes compared with Radix Ophiopogonis of obtaining in a traditional way, and color and luster, quality are all better, are suitable for long-time storage.
Be provided with storeroom in controlled atmosphere store, in storeroom, be provided with temperature and humidity control system, oxygen detection and control system, carbon dioxide inspection and control system, nitrogen device, can the humiture of control storage indoor and oxygen, carbon dioxide content.Concrete structural configuration mode those skilled in the art can be able to learn with reference to prior art controlled atmosphere store.When storing Radix Ophiopogonis, will put into storeroom Radix Ophiopogonis, and control controlled atmosphere store, in setting storeroom, temperature is 10 DEG C, relative humidity 45%; Oxygen content is set to 3% ~ 4%, carbon dioxide content is set to 4%, and controlled atmosphere store, in the running of reality, has subtle difference and fluctuation between the actual value of temperature, humidity, oxygen and carbon dioxide content and setting value, but difference is all very little, substantially can ignore.
The Radix Ophiopogonis stored in the present embodiment can store more than 2 years, and stores the color and luster of Radix Ophiopogonis after 2 years and do not change, the active constituent content at random within wherein sampling and measuring Radix Ophiopogonis, and the assay method of Radix Ophiopogonis can with reference to prior art, and testing result is as following table:
The indices of Radix Ophiopogonis all meets standards of pharmacopoeia, and measured value no significant difference compared with fresh Radix Ophiopogonis.
Embodiment 2
One drying means Radix Ophiopogonis, comprises the following steps:
(1) the Second Year early and middle ten days in April (Ching Ming Festival is to grain rains) after planting Radix Ophiopogonis selects fine day to gather in the crops.Shrug off root earth Radix Ophiopogonis, cut tuber and fibrous root with shears.The radicula at tuber two ends retains length and is no more than 1 centimetre.Band clod root is put into large bamboo or wicker basket, eluriates in flowing water, clean tuber is transported back.
(2) will be placed in dehydrator Radix Ophiopogonis Radix Ophiopogonis, Radix Ophiopogonis, dehydrator was closed, automatically can regulate the humiture in drying room, dehydrator temperature is set as 30 DEG C, and humidity set is 31%, and dehydrator pattern is set as high wind, toasted 4.5 hours.
(3) dehydrator temperature is reset to 40 DEG C, humidity set is 34%, reaches after setting value until humiture, continuously baking 4 hours.
(4) again improve dehydrator humiture, dehydrator temperature is set as 50 DEG C, and humidity set is 36%, reaches after setting value until humiture, continuously baking 4.5 hours.
(5), after baking terminates, use ophiopogon root removing machine to carry out kneading to Radix Ophiopogonis, then will put into turning plate type dryer Radix Ophiopogonis and again dry, the time of each kneading is 0.5 hour, turning plate type dryer operating temperature is set to 65 DEG C, and after each kneading, by Radix Ophiopogonis, the moisture oven dry of epidermis carries out kneading again, repeat 7 kneadings and drying course, total used time is about 24h, and at this moment Radix Ophiopogonis, surface was very smooth, and color and luster is comparatively bright, after measured, the water content of Radix Ophiopogonis is about 12.9%.
(6) Radix Ophiopogonis after kneading being dried puts into cooler and cools, and cooling built-in temperature is arranged on 22 DEG C, and cool through about 10min ~ 15min, Radix Ophiopogonis, temperature was close to room temperature, will pack packing Radix Ophiopogonis and be sent to storeroom storage.
Epidermis Radix Ophiopogonis that obtains of the present embodiment drying is smooth, and fruit grain is mellow and full, full, and processes compared with Radix Ophiopogonis of obtaining in a traditional way, and color and luster, quality are all better, are suitable for long-time storage.
When storing Radix Ophiopogonis, will put into storeroom Radix Ophiopogonis, in setting storeroom, temperature is 8 DEG C, relative humidity 40%; Oxygen content is set to 3% ~ 5%, when storage compartment temperature raises, suitably should reduce oxygen content, to reduce metabolic rate Radix Ophiopogonis, carbon dioxide content is set to 5%, and controlled atmosphere store, in the running of reality, has subtle difference and fluctuation between the actual value of temperature, humidity, oxygen and carbon dioxide content and setting value, but difference is all very little, substantially can ignore.
The Radix Ophiopogonis stored in the present embodiment can store more than 2 years, and stores the color and luster of Radix Ophiopogonis after 2 years and do not change, the active constituent content at random within wherein sampling and measuring Radix Ophiopogonis, and the assay method of Radix Ophiopogonis can with reference to prior art, and testing result is as following table:
The indices of Radix Ophiopogonis all meets standards of pharmacopoeia, and measured value no significant difference compared with fresh Radix Ophiopogonis.
Embodiment 3
One drying means Radix Ophiopogonis, comprises the following steps:
(1) the Second Year early and middle ten days in April (Ching Ming Festival is to grain rains) after planting Radix Ophiopogonis selects fine day to gather in the crops.Shrug off root earth Radix Ophiopogonis, cut tuber and fibrous root with shears.The radicula at tuber two ends retains length and is no more than 1 centimetre.Band clod root is put into large bamboo or wicker basket, eluriates in flowing water, clean tuber is transported back.
(2) will be placed in dehydrator Radix Ophiopogonis Radix Ophiopogonis, Radix Ophiopogonis, dehydrator was closed, automatically can regulate the humiture in drying room, dehydrator temperature is set as 40 DEG C, and humidity set is 29%, and dehydrator pattern is set as high wind, toasted 3.5 hours.
(3) dehydrator temperature is reset to 45 DEG C, humidity set is 32%, reaches after setting value until humiture, continuously baking 3 hours.
(4) again improve dehydrator humiture, dehydrator temperature is set as 50 DEG C, and humidity set is 34%, reaches after setting value until humiture, continuously baking 3.5 hours.
(5), after baking terminates, use ophiopogon root removing machine to carry out kneading to Radix Ophiopogonis, then will put into turning plate type dryer Radix Ophiopogonis and again dry, the time of each kneading is 0.5 hour, turning plate type dryer operating temperature is set to 60 DEG C, and after each kneading, by Radix Ophiopogonis, the moisture oven dry of epidermis carries out kneading again, repeat 7 kneadings and drying course, total used time is about 24h, and at this moment Radix Ophiopogonis, surface was very smooth, and color and luster is comparatively bright, after measured, the water content of Radix Ophiopogonis is about 13.3%.
(6) Radix Ophiopogonis after kneading being dried puts into cooler and cools, and cooling built-in temperature is arranged on 22 DEG C, and cool through about 10min ~ 15min, Radix Ophiopogonis, temperature was close to room temperature, will pack packing Radix Ophiopogonis and be sent to storeroom storage.
Epidermis Radix Ophiopogonis that obtains of the present embodiment drying is smooth, and fruit grain is mellow and full, full, and processes compared with Radix Ophiopogonis of obtaining in a traditional way, and color and luster, quality are all better, are suitable for long-time storage.
When storing Radix Ophiopogonis, will put into storeroom Radix Ophiopogonis, in setting storeroom, temperature is 11 DEG C, relative humidity 50%; Oxygen content is set to 2% ~ 3%, carbon dioxide content is set to 3%, and controlled atmosphere store, in the running of reality, has subtle difference and fluctuation between the actual value of temperature, humidity, oxygen and carbon dioxide content and setting value, but difference is all very little, substantially can ignore.
The Radix Ophiopogonis stored in the present embodiment can store more than 2 years, and stores the color and luster of Radix Ophiopogonis after 2 years and do not change, the active constituent content at random within wherein sampling and measuring Radix Ophiopogonis, and the assay method of Radix Ophiopogonis can with reference to prior art, and testing result is as following table:
The indices of Radix Ophiopogonis all meets standards of pharmacopoeia, and measured value no significant difference compared with fresh Radix Ophiopogonis.
In the various embodiments described above Radix Ophiopogonis water content mensuration adopt oven drying method, specifically see Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China annex Ⅸ H first method; Effective constituent determination adopted ultraviolet visible spectrophotometry, specifically see Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China annex V A Radix Ophiopogonis; Determination of extractives Radix Ophiopogonis adopts cold-maceration, specifically see Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China annex Ⅹ A; Determination of ash Radix Ophiopogonis adopts Ash determination method, specifically see Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China annex Ⅸ K.
Embodiment in the present invention all can make the Radix Ophiopogonis of water content standards of pharmacopoeia far below≤18.0% after vapor baking, and Radix Ophiopogonis, color and luster can not be dark brown, best in quality, is easy to store.