Multicomponent nutritional liquid Fertigation system
Technical field
The invention belongs to irrigation farming field, particularly a kind of Fertigation system and fertilising control device thereof.
Background technology
With the develop rapidly of China's industrialized agriculture, the area carrying out installment agriculture growth is also increasing, traditional fertilization and irrigation method not only loaded down with trivial details but also be unfavorable for saving water resource, this brings chance to the Fertigation system that can simultaneously carry out irrigating and applying fertilizer, it is also proposed higher requirement simultaneously.Irrigation and fertilising combine by Fertigation system, make full use of water source and fertilizer, reach while economizing on resources and improve crop yield, save labour, raise the efficiency.
Current Fertigation drip irrigation system automaticity is not high, especially for needing the situation executing several different fertilizer there is no good solution simultaneously, and control system imperfection, do not reach the control overflow needed for industrialized agriculture far away, be difficult to the increasingly automated control reaching fertigation process.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve some problems existed in existing Fertigation system, provide that a kind of automaticity is high, operability is high, the Multicomponent nutritional liquid Fertigation system of perfect in shape and function.Can realize executing multiple fertilizer/nutrient solution simultaneously, and Precision Irrigation at regular time and quantity, for the sake of security simultaneously, also there is multiple warning function, this ensures that there the safety of use, and simple to operate, easy left-hand seat.
In order to achieve the above object, present invention employs following technical scheme:
Multicomponent nutritional liquid Fertigation system comprises former water irrigation system, fertilization system, irrigation control system; Described former water irrigation system comprises filter a1, stop valve a2, raw water pump 3, stop valve b4, filter b5, manometer 7, turbine flowmeter 8, check valve 9, pressure-reducing valve 6, magnetic valve 18;
Fertilization system comprises No. 1 explosive barrel 10, No. 1 measuring pump 11, No. 1 counterbalance valve 12, No. 1 measuring pump 19, No. 2 measuring pumps 14, No. 2 explosive barrels 13, No. 2 counterbalance valves 15, No. 2 measuring pumps 20, N explosive barrel 22, N mixing pump 23, N measuring pump 24, N counterbalance valves 25;
Irrigation control system comprises PLC irrigation control cabinet 16, touch-screen 17, frequency converter 21, detection module 26;
Described former water irrigation system, fertilization system form the entity structure of this Multicomponent nutritional liquid Fertigation system, specifically, are provided with stop valve a2 between filter a1 and raw water pump 3; Raw water pump 3 is connected with stop valve b4; The pipeline that stop valve b4 is connected with check valve 8 is provided with filter b5, manometer 7, turbine flowmeter 8; Check valve 9 is outlet pipeline and then fertilization system below, and No. 1 explosive barrel 10 is connected with No. 1 measuring pump 11, and No. 1 measuring pump 11 is connected with No. 1 counterbalance valve 12, and No. 1 mixing pump 19 is connected on No. 1 explosive barrel; No. 2 explosive barrels 13 are connected with No. 2 measuring pumps 14, and No. 2 measuring pumps 14 are connected with No. 2 counterbalance valves 15, and No. 2 mixing pumps 20 are connected on No. 2 explosive barrels 13; With No. 1 fertilization system, No. 2 fertilization systems, be parallel with N fertilization system (1≤N≤20 and N is integer) on this system, N explosive barrel 22 is connected with N measuring pump 24, and N measuring pump 24 is connected with N counterbalance valve 25, and N mixing pump 23 is connected on N explosive barrel 22.
Described fertilization system is connected to the frequency converter 21 of irrigation control system via No. 1 measuring pump 11, No. 2 measuring pumps 14, N measuring pump 24.
The mixed liquid manure mixed liquor of former water irrigation system, fertilization system flows out outlet pipe, enters into irrigation district below through magnetic valve 18; In irrigation district, often organize on the branch road of irrigate band and a magnetic valve 18 is housed, each branch road is parallel relationship.
The detection module 26 comprising pH value and EC value sensor is arranged on the main line of irrigated area, so that the pH value that can detect accurately in rich water and EC value.Send real-time detected value to PLC control program, the injection rate of nutrient solution is controlled, in the short period of time the pH value of rich water and tolerance scope can be reached between the detected value of EC value and the setting value of controller according to the pH value of program inner setting and the deviation between the setting value of EC value and detected value.
Ratio of nutrient solution function, mainly according to the setting of user, according to a certain percentage, carries out the proportioning of liquid manure, automatically so that crop grows up better.In reality, the nutrient solution concentration of Different Crop has different scopes, has a page in systems in which, can be input in system by the setting concentration of user; In addition, multiple nutrients liquid is selected in system support, and carries out point other setting to the concentration of often kind.
Multicomponent nutritional liquid Fertigation Dynamic System is simple, can require to set control system freely according to irrigation, irrigation time and nutrient solution concentration etc.; Several nutrient solution can be added, then by the nutrient solution adding amount of the FREQUENCY CONTROL measuring pump of adjustment frequency converter, to realize the function that nutrient solution concentration accurately controls simultaneously; Self-timing can be realized and quantitatively complete irrigation, 12 plans can be realized at most, can independent assortment need use plan group number; 12 groups of magnetic valves can be controlled simultaneously, and the setting of irrigation time and Application Ratio can both be entered separately to each magnetic valve; System has the function that frequency converter is reported to the police, water flow switch is reported to the police and overcurrent is reported to the police; The inquiry of historical data that this runs can be realized.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is Fertigation optimal control hydrographic chart.
Fig. 2 is Fertigation Optimal Control System functional module division figure.
Fig. 3 is system main flow chart
Fig. 4 is mixing pump system flow chart
Fig. 5 is ratio of nutrient solution control program.
In figure: 1, filter a, 2, stop valve a, 3, raw water pump, 4, stop valve b, 5, filter b, 6, pressure-reducing valve, 7, manometer, 8, turbine flowmeter, 9, check valve, 10, No. 1 explosive barrel, 11, No. 1 measuring pump, 12, No. 1 counterbalance valve, 13, No. 2 explosive barrels, 14, No. 2 measuring pumps, 15, No. 2 counterbalance valves, 16, PLC irrigation control cabinet, 17, touch-screen, 18, magnetic valve, 19, No. 1 mixing pump, 20, No. 2 mixing pumps, 21, frequency converter, 22, N explosive barrel, 23, N mixing pump, 24, N measuring pump, 25, N counterbalance valve, 26, detection module.
Embodiment
As Figure 1-5, Multicomponent nutritional liquid Fertigation system comprises former water irrigation system, fertilization system, irrigation control system; Described former water irrigation system comprises filter a1, stop valve a2, raw water pump 3, stop valve b4, filter b5, manometer 7, turbine flowmeter 8, check valve 9, pressure-reducing valve 6, magnetic valve 18;
Fertilization system comprises No. 1 explosive barrel 10, No. 1 measuring pump 11, No. 1 counterbalance valve 12, No. 1 measuring pump 19, No. 2 measuring pumps 14, No. 2 explosive barrels 13, No. 2 counterbalance valves 15, No. 2 measuring pumps 20, N explosive barrel 22, N mixing pump 23, N measuring pump 24, N counterbalance valves 25;
Irrigation control system comprises PLC irrigation control cabinet 16, touch-screen 17, frequency converter 21, detection module 26.
Described former water irrigation system, fertilization system form the entity structure of this Multicomponent nutritional liquid Fertigation system, specifically, are provided with stop valve a2 between filter a1 and raw water pump 3; Raw water pump 3 is connected with stop valve b4; The pipeline that stop valve b4 is connected with check valve 8 is provided with filter b5, manometer 7, turbine flowmeter 8; Check valve 9 is outlet pipeline and then fertilization system below, and No. 1 explosive barrel 10 is connected with No. 1 measuring pump 11, and No. 1 measuring pump 11 is connected with No. 1 counterbalance valve 12, and No. 1 mixing pump 19 is connected on No. 1 explosive barrel; No. 2 explosive barrels 13 are connected with No. 2 measuring pumps 14, and No. 2 measuring pumps 14 are connected with No. 2 counterbalance valves 15, and No. 2 mixing pumps 20 are connected on No. 2 explosive barrels 13; With No. 1 fertilization system, No. 2 fertilization systems, be parallel with N fertilization system (1≤N≤20 and N is integer) on this system, N explosive barrel 22 is connected with N measuring pump 24, and N measuring pump 24 is connected with N counterbalance valve 25, and N mixing pump 23 is connected on N explosive barrel 22.
Described fertilization system is connected to the frequency converter 21 of irrigation control system via No. 1 measuring pump 11, No. 2 measuring pumps 14, N measuring pump 24.
The detection module 26 comprising pH value and EC value sensor is arranged on the main line of irrigated area, so that the pH value that can detect accurately in rich water and EC value.Send real-time detected value to PLC control program, the injection rate of nutrient solution is controlled, in the short period of time the pH value of rich water and tolerance scope can be reached between the detected value of EC value and the setting value of controller according to the pH value of program inner setting and the deviation between the setting value of EC value and detected value.
Siemens S1200 series switch board selected by irrigation control system PLC irrigation control cabinet 16, touch-screen 17 selects prestige synthetic fibre (MT8100) series, the digital output modul to irrigating is realized by the button on touch-screen 17, Fuji FNRO series selected by frequency converter 21, and detection module comprises pH value and EC value sensor.
Irrigation control mode is divided into control manually and automatic control at regular time and quantity.In irrigation district, often organize on the branch road of irrigate band and a magnetic valve 18 is housed, each branch road is parallel relationship.When can realize automatically controlling by programming, when certain crops reach the time needing to irrigate, then open the magnetic valve controlled on this group branch road on time.Raw water pump electrifying startup, water-injection irrigation in main line.Detected the instantaneous delivery of former water in main line simultaneously by turbine flowmeter 8, so just according to irrigation time, can calculate and irrigate the former water yield used.Nutrient solution concentration needed for PLC can grow according to farming and the injection rate of former water, calculate the injection rate of nutrient solution, injecting nutrient solution, so just achieving the automatic control of the Fertigation to crops by controlling measuring pump in main line.Both can irrigate successively by each magnetic valve 18 during irrigation, also magnetic valve 18 all can be opened and irrigate simultaneously.No matter adopt which kind of irrigation method, as long as at the end of irrigating, first close raw water pump 3, then shut electromagnetic valve 18.
PLC irrigation control cabinet 16 controls measuring pump by frequency converter 21, can be realized by PLC irrigation control cabinet 16: 1, the control irrigation time; 2, mix and blend two kinds of nutrient solutions; 3, realize self-timing and quantitatively complete irrigation, 12 plans can be realized at most, can independent assortment need use plan group number; 4,12 groups of magnetic valves can be controlled simultaneously, and the setting of irrigation time and Application Ratio can both be entered separately to each magnetic valve; 5, system has the function that frequency converter is reported to the police, water flow switch is reported to the police and overcurrent is reported to the police; 6, the inquiry of historical data that this runs can be realized.
System can realize running 12 groups of plans at most.The time that the plan that wherein can set in the works starts and lasting time, the measuring pump numbering that the nutrient solution needs that can select needs to add control and the magnetic valve numbering that needs are opened.And can arrange separately each magnetic valve and measuring pump.
The Main Function of mixing pump part stirs rich water mixed liquor, makes it more even.Therefore need according to actual conditions, carry out manually opened.When needs stir, manually opened, mixing pump will stop after 1 hour automatically in operation, if run duration has special circumstances or has satisfied the demand, and can hand brake at any time.Timing controlled: mixing pump automatically stops after startup brings into operation 1 hour, this part needs the timer used in system to realize.Non-follow control: if midway needs to stop, then have corresponding switch to disconnect, mixing pump is stopped.As shown in Figure 4.
Phase sequence is reported to the police: phase sequence alarm portion adopts phase sequence relay, and under normal circumstances, protector connects normally closed electric shock, be in conducting state, after phase sequence is made mistakes, phase sequence relay is automatically received and is often opened electric shock, be in off-state, at this moment PLC just can detect that this changes, thus produces phase sequence warning;
Raw water pump overcurrent warning: raw water pump overcurrent is reported to the police and mainly relied on electrothermal relay to realize, and when current is excessive, will produce larger heat, and when heat acquires a certain degree, relay disconnects, thus creates overcurrent warning, also protects raw water pump.
Frequency converter overcurrent is reported to the police: when the electric current flowing through frequency converter exceedes rated current 10%, be considered as overcurrent, then often can be held by normally closed becoming by the switch in the middle of frequency converter and PLC, thus create overcurrent alarm signal.
Raw water pump water flow switch report to the police: in internal system, a preliminary surveying can be carried out to the instantaneous delivery of raw water pump, if the umber of pulse of instantaneous delivery in 3-5s lower than certain value, then think that raw water pump does not have current, will water flow alarm be produced.
Embodiment
Water source enters in former water irrigation system and first tentatively filters through filter a1, raw water pump 3 is entered by stop valve a2, again by the further filtration of stop valve b4 through filter b5, the scope that pressure-reducing valve 6 makes outlet pressure keep stable, is measured by manometer 7 pairs of pipeline hydraulic pressures; Current enter into turbine flowmeter 8 after manometer, to realize accurate liquid manure concentration proportioning and quantifying irrigation, need to access check valve 9 after flowmeter, to ensure water (flow) direction, and anti-backflow; Nutrient solution A, after No. 1 mixing pump 19 stirs, is taken out the nutrient solution A of respective amount, then enters into main waterway pipe by No. 1 counterbalance valve 12 from No. 1 explosive barrel 10 by No. 1 measuring pump 11, to keep the pressure of water outlet certain, and anti-backflow; If need to irrigate two kinds of nutrient solutions simultaneously, can take out by No. 2 measuring pumps 14 the nutrient solution B be stirred through No. 2 mixing pumps 20 from No. 2 explosive barrels 13, enter into main waterway pipe by No. 2 counterbalance valves 15.Mixed liquid manure mixed liquor flows out outlet pipe, irrigation district is below entered into through magnetic valve 18, and then crops are irrigated, the adjustment of ratio of nutrient solution mainly relies on measuring pump, each measuring pump carrys out adjusting rotary speed by a frequency converter, according to the difference of often kind of nutrient solution desired concn, each frequency converter can arrange different frequency limits values, in case concentration is excessive or too small.
Irrigation district is made up of magnetic valve 18 and irrigate band, is mainly water part, realizes Precision Irrigation by fertilizer distributor Controlling solenoid valve.
As shown in Figure 2: control system is that PLC controls, can synchronously Beijing time starts 12 groups of plans in good time.According to the difference of control object, control system can be divided into control measuring pump, mixing pump, raw water pump and magnetic valve four parts.By Frequency Converter Control measuring pump, frequency converter warning function can be realized; By controlling mixing pump, can realize manually booting, also can automatically start when needed, run one hour at most; By controlling raw water pump, can realize manually switching raw water pump for subsequent use, in real time instantaneous, the integrated flow of display, water flow switch warning function; By Controlling solenoid valve, can control 12 groups of magnetic valves, display integrated flow value, display historical data table, has overcurrent warning function simultaneously simultaneously.