CN104412106A - Steel material quality evaluation method and quality evaluation device - Google Patents
Steel material quality evaluation method and quality evaluation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN104412106A CN104412106A CN201380033845.4A CN201380033845A CN104412106A CN 104412106 A CN104412106 A CN 104412106A CN 201380033845 A CN201380033845 A CN 201380033845A CN 104412106 A CN104412106 A CN 104412106A
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/043—Analysing solids in the interior, e.g. by shear waves
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
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- G01N29/06—Visualisation of the interior, e.g. acoustic microscopy
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/44—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
- G01N29/4454—Signal recognition, e.g. specific values or portions, signal events, signatures
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
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Abstract
A steel material quality evaluation device is provided with: a probe control unit (11) which scans a scan surface (S2) facing a mill scale surface (S1) of a steel material (1) including a surface layer portion by an ultrasonic signal, and receives an echo signal from the steel material (1), the echo signal being generated with the scanning by the ultrasonic signal; a mill scale surface shape profile calculation unit (14) which calculates the propagation distance of the echo signal from the mill scale surface (S1) using waveform data relating to the echo signal, and calculates the shape profile of the mill scale surface (S1) in the direction of the scanning by the ultrasonic signal from the calculated propagation distance; and a flaw indication imaging unit (15) and a flaw indication output unit (16) which set, as a flaw detection gate, the detection range of the echo signal resulting from a flaw in the steel material (1) on the basis of the shape profile of the mill scale surface (S1), and generates and outputs a flaw indication image in which the maximum value of the echo signal in the set flaw detection gate is mapped.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to and utilize ultrasound wave to detect a flaw to steel, and the method for evaluating quality of the steel evaluated based on the quality of result of detection to steel and quality evaluation device.
Background technology
Usually, thin plate steel form via continuous casting, hot rolling, pickling, cold rolling and zinc-plated and so on multiple operation manufactures.The defect becoming problem in the end article of above-mentioned thin plate steel is the defect immediately below apparent problem and surface imperfection and the top layer (starting at the scope of the degree of depth 50 μm ~ about 10mm from surface) that shows because of punching press process.Above-mentioned defect has the possibility produced in above-mentioned each operation.Such as, aluminate, powder snotter is had as the defect produced in continuous casting operation.In addition, remove (ス ケ ー Le オ Off in the oxide skin of hot-rolled process) when processing, the bubble under the top layer of steel is presented in surface, thus oxide skin is blocked in bubble, one of this reason being also referred to as surface imperfection.Such snotter, bubble are more present in immediately below the top layer of the steel disc of continuous casting usually, therefore by the electromagnetic agitation, prevention technology etc. in the mold of continuous casting machine, the countermeasure not producing defect as far as possible immediately below the top layer of steel disc is implemented.
As the casting condition in order to judge to cast continuously operation whether suitably and to one of method that the quality of steel disc is evaluated, there is following method: after a few millimeter of surfacing of the examined part will be cut out from steel disc, utilize ultrasonic testing to detect a flaw to examined part, survey is examined the snotter of part inside, the distribution of bubble thus.Ultrasonic testing is the inspection method of the flaw detection of the defect being widely used in steel product inside.Usually the ultrasonic testing be known is with the method for detecting a flaw to examined part relative to the vertical pulse echo method of test surface vertically incident ultrasound wave signal, in oil or water, acoustic coupling is carried out to ultrasonic probe and examined part, thus utilize ultrasonic probe to receive echoed signal.But according to this ultrasonic testing, though can detect a flaw fully to the central portion of the wall thickness of examined part, the region, blind area that pole skin section falls into ultrasonic signal, echoed signal cannot carry out detecting a flaw that surface is lower several millimeters, therefore cannot detect a flaw.
According to above-mentioned background, the method that the defect as the pole skin section (starting at the scope of the degree of depth 50 μm ~ about 2mm from surface) to examined part is detected a flaw, proposes there is the method frequency of ultrasonic signal such as high frequency being turned to about 50MHz.Specifically, following method is recorded: in the method for examined part being detected a flaw via water and with vertical pulse echo method in patent documentation 1, high frequency being carried out to the frequency of ultrasonic signal and shortens the time-amplitude of received surface echo signal, detecting the defect because being present in skin section and the multiple reflection echo signal produced.According to the method, can detect and fall into region, blind area and the flaw echoes that cannot detect, therefore, it is possible to detect a flaw to the defect of pole skin section in the past.
Patent documentation 1: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 01-237449 publication
Patent documentation 2: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 09-257762 publication
But, in the defect detection on ultrasonic basis described in patent documentation 1, there is problem points shown below.Below, with reference to Figure 11 and Figure 12, the problem points of the defect detection on ultrasonic basis described in patent documentation 1 is described.
Figure 11 and Figure 12 is the figure representing the reflection paths of ultrasonic signal when utilizing the skin section of the more coarse examined part of the defect detection on ultrasonic basis effects on surface described in patent documentation 1 (scope of about the mm ~ 10mm that counts from surface) to detect a flaw and the waveform of echoed signal respectively.As shown in figure 11, when the surperficial S of examined part is more coarse, to send and the ultrasonic signal reflected by the defect D of examined part inside is propagated at reflection paths R1 at the male member of surperficial S from ultra-sonic defect detector 100, propagate at reflection paths R2 at the concave part of surperficial S.Therefore, when the examined part that effects on surface S is more coarse is detected a flaw, on the travel-time of ultrasonic signal, occur that generation time is poor because of the concavo-convex of surperficial S.On the other hand, as shown in Figure 12 (c), the echoed signal that ultra-sonic defect detector 100 receives be included in surface echo signal ES1 that reflection paths R1 shown in Figure 12 (a) (with reference to Figure 11) propagates and flaw echoes EF1 echoed signal and be included in surface echo signal ES2 that the reflection paths R2 (with reference to Figure 11) shown in Figure 12 (b) propagates and flaw echoes EF2 echoed signal and.
According to above reason, between the surface echo signal ES1 propagated at reflection paths R1 and the surface echo signal ES2 propagated at reflection paths R2, generation time is poor.Specifically, examined part is steel, if suppose, the part of the depression that there is 1mm on surface is detected a flaw, then the velocity of sound of steel is about 5900m/s, velocity of sound in water is about 1490m/s, and the surface echo signal ES2 therefore propagated at reflection paths R2 to be presented in the position being equivalent to about 4mm under surface relative to the surface echo signal ES1 propagated at reflection paths R1.Therefore, as shown in Figure 12 (c), Figure 12 (d), the time-amplitude of the surface echo signal ES that the echoed signal that ultra-sonic defect detector 100 receives comprises increases, surface echo signal ES enters in the flaw detection strobe scope that is set to detect defect, become noise, thus S/N reduces, result cannot detect accurately to the defect of skin section.
In addition, in order to solve the above problems, in patent documentation 2, record following method: after carrying out grinding to steel surface, utilize ultrasonic testing to detect a flaw to steel, suppress thus by the noise of the concavo-convex generation on surface.But, according to the technology described in patent documentation 2, cannot detect a flaw to the defect of the surface part be ground.
The surface of examined part be not all smooth, has its surface compared with the average surface roughness of par more coarse and have the situation in larger concavo-convex non-flat forms portion more.Such as, there is following situation in slab, solid drawn tube etc., that is: in the operations such as rolling, oxide skin etc. is pressed into surface and produces depression, or the position of carrying out repairing in local produces depression.In addition, be there is by the surface of steel disc cast continuously the depression being called as oscillation mark.Therefore, expect to provide a kind of technology that can detect the defect of the irregular skin section of tool accurately.
Summary of the invention
The present invention completes in view of above-mentioned problem, its object is to provide a kind of can accurately to method for evaluating quality and the quality evaluation device of the steel that the defect of the irregular skin section of tool is detected a flaw.
Object is realized in order to solve above-mentioned problem, the feature of the method for evaluating quality of steel involved in the present invention is to comprise: towards with the Surface scan ultrasonic signal of opposing surface of steel comprising skin section, and receive the step of the echoed signal from steel produced along with the scanning of this ultrasonic signal; Use the calculating of the Wave data of above-mentioned echoed signal from the propagation distance of the echoed signal on above-mentioned surface, and calculate the step of the shape profile on the above-mentioned surface on the direction of scanning of ultrasonic signal according to the propagation distance calculated; And based on the shape profile on above-mentioned surface, the sensing range of echoed signal produced by the defect in steel is set as strobe scope of detecting a flaw, generate and export and the maximal value of the echoed signal in set flaw detection strobe scope is drawn and the step of defect indicating image that obtains.
On the basis of foregoing invention, the feature of the method for evaluating quality of steel involved in the present invention is, the step calculating above-mentioned shape profile comprises the steps: to calculate the envelope waveform relative to the waveform of the echoed signal from above-mentioned surface, according to the above-mentioned propagation distance of this envelope waveshape, smoothing techniques is implemented to the profile of the propagation distance on the direction of scanning of ultrasonic signal, calculates the shape profile on the above-mentioned surface on the direction of scanning of ultrasonic signal thus.
On the basis of foregoing invention, the feature of the method for evaluating quality of steel involved in the present invention is, above-mentioned smoothing techniques is the use of the smoothing techniques of moving average process.
On the basis of foregoing invention, the feature of the method for evaluating quality of steel involved in the present invention is, flaw detection unit is used to carry out the step receiving above-mentioned echoed signal, above-mentioned flaw detection mechanism possesses and sends line via water and assemble the first piezo-electric type oscillator of the ultrasonic signal of shape and have line and assemble the Received signal strength visual field of shape and receive the second piezo-electric type oscillator of above-mentioned echoed signal, the mode that the crossover location of the central shaft of the ultrasonic signal that the first piezo-electric type oscillator and the second piezo-electric type oscillator send with the first piezo-electric type oscillator and above-mentioned Received signal strength visual field is arranged in the depth range of the regulation of steel is arranged opposite across isolates sound plate.
On the basis of foregoing invention, the feature of the method for evaluating quality of steel involved in the present invention is, above-mentioned first piezo-electric type oscillator and the second piezo-electric type oscillator are configured to: the signal sending or receive spreads respectively and assembles on the direction that the face opposed with the second piezo-electric type oscillator relative to the first piezo-electric type oscillator is vertical and parallel.
Object is realized in order to solve above-mentioned problem, the feature of the quality evaluation device of steel involved in the present invention is to possess: flaw detection unit, its towards with the Surface scan ultrasonic signal of opposing surface of steel comprising skin section, and receive the echoed signal from steel produced along with the scanning of this ultrasonic signal; Computing unit, it uses the calculating of the Wave data of above-mentioned echoed signal from the propagation distance of the echoed signal on above-mentioned surface, and calculates the shape profile on the above-mentioned surface on the direction of scanning of ultrasonic signal according to the propagation distance calculated; And image generation unit, the sensing range of echoed signal produced by the defect in steel is set as strobe scope of detecting a flaw by its shape profile based on above-mentioned surface, generates and export to draw to the maximal value of the echoed signal in set flaw detection strobe scope and the defect indicating image that obtains.
According to method for evaluating quality and the quality evaluation device of steel involved in the present invention, can detect a flaw accurately to the defect of the irregular skin section of tool.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of the structure of the quality evaluation device of the steel represented as one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram of the flow process of the quality evaluation process of the steel represented as one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram representing the echoed signal produced along with the scanning of ultrasonic signal.
Fig. 4 is the figure that the computing method for returning wave propagation distance to B are described.
Fig. 5 is the figure for being described the computing method of B visual field picture.
Fig. 6 is the figure for being described the smoothing method of B visual field picture.
Fig. 7 is the figure for being described the generation method of defect indicating image.
Fig. 8 is the figure of the example representing C visual field picture and B visual field picture.
Fig. 9 A is the side view of the structure representing ultrasonic probe.
Fig. 9 B is the vertical view of the structure representing ultrasonic probe.
Figure 10 is the schematic diagram for being described the structure of piezo-electric type oscillator.
Figure 11 is the figure of the reflection paths of ultrasonic signal when representing that the skin section of the examined part that effects on surface is coarse is detected a flaw.
Figure 12 is the figure of the waveform of echoed signal when representing that the skin section of the examined part that effects on surface is coarse is detected a flaw and gating signal.
Embodiment
Below, with reference to accompanying drawing, the quality evaluation device of the steel as one embodiment of the present invention and method for evaluating quality are described.
[structure of quality evaluation device]
First, with reference to Fig. 1, the structure of the quality evaluation device of the steel as one embodiment of the present invention is described.
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of the structure of the quality evaluation device of the steel represented as one embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Figure 1, the main inscape as the quality evaluation device of the steel of one embodiment of the present invention comprises ultra-sonic defect detector 10, defectoscope control part 11, A/D converter section 12, wave memorizer 13, casting skin surface shape profile calculating part 14, defect indicating image portion 15 and defect instruction efferent 16.
Ultra-sonic defect detector 10 sends ultrasonic signal towards steel 1, and receives from the reflected signal of the ultrasonic signal of steel 1 as echoed signal.
The driving of defectoscope control part 11 pairs of ultra-sonic defect detectors 10 controls, and exports the echoed signal that ultra-sonic defect detector 10 receives to A/D converter section 12.
The Wave data of the echoed signal of the analog form be output from defectoscope control part 11 is converted to the Wave data of the echoed signal of digital form by A/D converter section 12, and is stored in wave memorizer 13 by the Wave data of the echoed signal converting digital form to.
Casting skin surface shape profile calculating part 14, defect indicating image portion 15 and defect instruction efferent 16 perform computer program by signal conditioning packages such as microprocessors and realize.
Casting skin surface shape profile calculating part 14 uses the shape profile of Wave data to the casting skin face S1 of steel 1 of the echoed signal be stored in wave memorizer 13 to calculate.
The Computer image genration being present in the defect of the skin section of steel 1, based on the shape profile of the casting skin face S1 of the steel 1 calculated by casting skin surface shape profile calculating part 14, is defect indicating image by defect indicating image portion 15.
Defect instruction efferent 16 exports the defect indicating image that defect indicating image portion 15 generates.
[quality evaluation process]
The quality evaluation device with the steel of above-mentioned structure performs quality evaluation process shown below, detects a flaw thus to the defect of the irregular skin section of tool.Below, with reference to the process flow diagram shown in Fig. 2, the action of the quality evaluation device of steel during execution quality evaluation process is described.
Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram of the flow process of the quality evaluation process represented as one embodiment of the present invention.For the process flow diagram shown in Fig. 2, operating personnel are (following with the surperficial S2 opposed with casting skin face S1 of the steel 1 of the tabular cut out from the steel disc obtained by casting continuously, being designated as scanning plane S2) mode opposed with ultra-sonic defect detector 10 configure steel 1 (with reference to Fig. 1), to perform the opportunity of quality evaluation process to quality evaluation device instruction for starting, quality evaluation process enters the process of step S1.
In the process of step S1, the value of the programmable counter p specifying the lengthwise location of steel 1 is set as 1 by defectoscope control part 11.Thus, the process of step S1 terminates, and quality evaluation process enters the process of step S2.
In the process of step S2, defectoscope control part 11 reads Width scan-data Data (p) corresponding with the value of programmable counter p.Thus, the process of step S2 terminates, and quality evaluation process enters the process of step S3.
In the process of step S3, defectoscope control part 11 makes steel 1 and ultra-sonic defect detector 10 relatively move, and makes ultra-sonic defect detector 10 move to the lengthwise location of the steel 1 corresponding with programmable counter p thus.Width scan-data Data (p) that defectoscope control part 11 reads according to the process by step S2, make steel 1 relatively mobile while send ultrasonic signal from ultra-sonic defect detector 10 along the Width of steel 1 with ultra-sonic defect detector 10, thus scan ultrasonic signal towards scanning plane S2.Defectoscope control part 11 exports the echoed signal that ultra-sonic defect detector 10 receives to A/D converter section 12.Then, the Wave data of the echoed signal of the analog form exported from defectoscope control part 11 is converted to the Wave data of the echoed signal of digital form by A/D converter section 12, and is stored in wave memorizer 13 by the Wave data of the echoed signal converting digital form to.Thus, the process of step S3 terminates, and quality evaluation process enters the process of step S4.
In the process of step S4, casting skin surface shape profile calculating part 14 is released (following from the echoed signal of casting skin face S1 from the Wave data of the echoed signal be stored in wave memorizer 13, be designated as B echo), use the shape profile (B visual field picture, basal surface position information) of B echo to casting skin face S1 be drawn out of to calculate.Herein, with reference to Fig. 3 ~ Fig. 5, the computing method of the shape profile of casting skin face S1 are described in detail.As shown in Figure 3, ultrasonic signal is sent from ultra-sonic defect detector 10, thus produce the B echo EB from the casting skin face S1 of steel 1, the echoed signal from the defect D in steel 1 (following, to be designated as F echo) EF and the echoed signal ES from scanning plane S2.
When calculating the shape profile of casting skin face S1, casting skin surface shape profile calculating part 14 couples of B return wave propagation distance (travel-time or depth location) and calculate.Specifically, as shown in Figure 4, casting skin surface shape profile calculating part 14 utilizes B echo strobe scope to extract the Wave data of B echo out from the Wave data of the echoed signal be stored in wave memorizer 13, and the rising according to the waveform B L of the B echo in B echo strobe scope calculates propagation distance Δ T.Preferably when returning wave propagation distance Δ T to B and calculating, the process such as low-pass filtering treatment, moving average process is implemented to the absolute value of the waveform B L of B echo, calculate envelope waveform (waveform detection) L1 thus, and the wave propagation time till becoming more than threshold value Tb by the amplitude of envelope waveform L1 is set to propagation distance Δ T.Then, as shown in Fig. 5 (a), Fig. 5 (b), casting skin surface shape profile calculating part 14 returns wave propagation distance Δ T based on B, the profile of the propagation distance Δ T of the B echo EB of the direction of scanning of ultrasonic signal is generated as the shape profile of the casting skin face S1 of the direction of scanning of ultrasonic signal.Thus, the process of step S4 terminates, and quality evaluation process enters the process of step S5.
In the process of step S5, the shape profile of the casting skin face S1 that casting skin surface shape profile calculating part 14 generates the process by step S4 implements smoothing techniques.In the process of step S4, comprise and be in F echo immediately below the S1 of casting skin face at the interior shape profile also capturing as casting skin face S1.Therefore, as shown in Figure 6, implement smoothing techniques by the shape profile of casting skin surface shape profile calculating part 14 couples of casting skin face S1, thus calculate the shape of real casting skin face S1.Smoothing techniques can by implementing moving average process or employing the low-pass filtering treatment such as IIR digital filter based, FIR filter and carry out.Thus, the process of step S5 terminates, and quality evaluation process enters the process of step S6.
In the process of step S6, the sensing range of F echo is set as strobe scope of detecting a flaw based on the process by step S5 by the shape profile of the casting skin face S1 of smoothing by defect indicating image portion 15.Specifically, as shown in Figure 7, defect indicating image portion 15 is set as in the scope of the regulation amplitude that is benchmark with the shape profile of casting skin face S1 strobe scope of detecting a flaw.Then, defect indicating image portion 15 utilizes the profile (F visual field picture) of the F echo of the direction of scanning of the ultrasonic signal that the generation of flaw detection strobe scope is benchmark with casting skin face S1, and calculates maximal value (maximum echo height) and the position coordinates thereof that F returns wave amplitude.Shape profile based on casting skin face S1 sets flaw detection strobe scope, can set flaw detection strobe scope thus, therefore, it is possible to detect a flaw accurately to the defect of the irregular skin section of tool in the concavo-convex mode of following casting skin face S1.Thus, the process of step S6 terminates, and quality evaluation process enters the process of step S7.
In the process of step S7, the maximum echo height that the process by step S6 calculates by defect indicating image portion 15 and position coordinates thereof export not shown temporary storage memory to.Thus, the process of step S7 terminates, and quality evaluation process enters the process of step S8.
In the process of step S8, defectoscope control part 11 distinguishes whether there is untreated Width scan-data Data (p).Be when there is untreated Width scan-data Data (p) in the result distinguished, defectoscope control part 11 makes quality evaluation process enter the process of step S9.On the other hand, when there is not untreated Width scan-data Data (p), defectoscope control part 11 makes quality evaluation process enter the process of step S10.
In the process of step S9, defectoscope control part 11 makes the value of programmable counter p increase by 1.Thus, the process of step S9 terminates, thus quality evaluation the processing returns to step the process of S2.
In the process of step S10, defect indicating image portion 15 is drawn by the length direction along steel 1 to the maximum echo height of each Width scan-data Data (p) and position coordinates thereof that export not shown temporary storage memory to and generates defect indicating image.Then, defect instruction efferent 16 exports the defect indicating image that defect indicating image portion 15 generates.Thus, the process of step S10 completes, and a series of quality evaluation process terminates.
In addition, in the process of step S10, defect indicating image portion 15 also can implement mark process to the position coordinates of the maximum echo height with more than the threshold value that presets, calculates based on mark result and exports defect number, defects with diameters, depth of defect etc.
According to above explanation, according to the quality evaluation device of the steel as one embodiment of the present invention, defectoscope control part 11 scans ultrasonic signal towards the scanning plane S2 opposed with casting skin face S1 of the steel 1 comprising skin section, and receive the echoed signal from steel 1 produced along with the scanning of ultrasonic signal, casting skin surface shape profile calculating part 14 uses the propagation distance of Wave data calculating from the echoed signal of casting skin face S1 of echoed signal, and the shape profile of the casting skin face S1 of the direction of scanning of ultrasonic signal is calculated according to the propagation distance calculated, defect indicating image portion 15 and defect indicate efferent 16, based on the shape profile of casting skin face S1, the sensing range of the echoed signal produced by the defect in steel 1 is set as strobe scope of detecting a flaw, generate and export and the maximal value of the echoed signal in set flaw detection strobe scope is drawn and the defect indicating image obtained.According to above-mentioned structure, the shape profile based on casting skin face S1 sets flaw detection strobe scope, can set flaw detection strobe scope thus in the concavo-convex mode of following casting skin face S1, therefore, it is possible to detect a flaw accurately to the defect of the irregular skin section of tool.
[embodiment 1]
In the present embodiment, from continuous casting steel disc process the steel of width (C direction) 300mm × length (L direction) 300mm × thickness 5mm, steel are set in the mode making casting skin face become the face contrary with scanning hyperacoustic from ultrasonic probe, make ultrasonic probe mechanical scanning receive reflected signal from steel inside.Now, ultrasonic probe frequency of utilization 5MHz, vibrator diameter
the single detector of 12.8mm, focal length 60mm, to the steel of width 300mm × length 300mm, in the scope of the central Width 280mm of steel, length direction 200mm with spacing of detecting a flaw along the C direction of steel, the L direction mode that is 0.5mm spacing carries out hyperacoustic transmitting-receiving.In addition, the mechanical scanning direction of ultrasonic probe is Width (C direction), and the 0.5mm that on average staggers along its length is while carried out 400 flaw detections.In addition, in scanning each time, receive waveform and be stored in wave memorizer, the reception waveform in the C direction of n-th time is set to Data (n) and makes it to associate and be stored in wave memorizer.Then, UT (Ultrasonic Testing) is being carried out to the whole face of steel and after having carried out reception waveform measuring, is carrying out the flaw detection under casting skin face.
Calculate B by the following method and return wave propagation distance, that is: the absolute value receiving waveform is carried out to the moving average process of 50 points (in the travel-time suitable 0.1 μ sec), calculate envelope waveform, and the amplitude reading envelope waveform becomes the position of more than threshold value Tb.The threshold value Tb returned when wave propagation distance calculates B is preferably little as much as possible, and therefore in advance to not having defective steel to detect a flaw, and the maximal value of the noise grade of this flaw detection waveform is set as+0.5dB.In the disposal of gentle filter that the shape profile in casting skin face is implemented, carry out the moving average process of 10, and implement smoothing techniques.Fig. 8 represents the two dimensional image (C visual field picture and B visual field picture) obtained based on detecting a flaw to the defect (depth direction 0.1mm ~ 2.0mm) immediately below casting skin face of the present embodiment.By the present embodiment, can to detect to be in and be difficult to by ultrasonic testing the degree of depth 0.1mm that detects in the past
the air blister defect of about 0.8mm.Accordingly, according to the present embodiment, confirm to detect a flaw accurately to the defect of the irregular skin section of tool.
[embodiment 2]
In embodiment 1, frequency 5MHz, vibrator diameter is employed as ultrasonic probe
the single detector of 12.8mm, focal length 60mm.But, when using single detector as ultrasonic probe, produce blind area because of the impact of the reflection wave from steel surface, therefore cannot detect a flaw in the scope of about 3mm under the steel surface of ultrasonic signal incidence.Therefore, in the present embodiment, the ultrasonic probe shown in Fig. 9 A, Fig. 9 B is used to carry out UT (Ultrasonic Testing).
Fig. 9 A, Fig. 9 B are side view and the vertical view of the structure representing ultrasonic probe respectively.As shown in Fig. 9 A, Fig. 9 B, the ultrasonic probe used in the present embodiment possesses piezo-electric type oscillator 51 and piezo-electric type oscillator 52, and piezo-electric type oscillator 51 is configured to across isolates sound plate 53 opposed with piezo-electric type oscillator 52.
Piezo-electric type oscillator 51,52 has the shape can assembled shape in line and receive and dispatch ultrasonic signal.Specifically, when the shape of piezo-electric type oscillator 51,52 is rectangular shape, as shown in Figure 10, piezo-electric type oscillator 51,52 applies curvature in the mode that ultrasonic signal is assembled in LS side, long limit and the mode spread in minor face SS side with ultrasonic signal keeps smooth state and formed.In addition, also by installing acoustic lens thus formation piezo-electric type oscillator 51,52 to the mode that ultrasonic signal is received and dispatched to smooth piezo-electric type oscillator can assemble shape in line.
In the present embodiment, piezo-electric type oscillator 51 take acoustic coupling method as water seaoning, namely sends via water the ultrasonic signal UB that shape assembled by line.Piezo-electric type oscillator 52 has the Received signal strength visual field RS that shape assembled by line, receives the echoed signal produced along with the ultrasonic signal UB of piezo-electric type oscillator 51 transmission.In addition, piezo-electric type oscillator 51,52 is formed as: the signal sending separately or receive spreads and assembles on the direction that the face opposed with piezo-electric type oscillator 52 relative to piezo-electric type oscillator 51 is vertical and parallel.
In addition, piezo-electric type oscillator 51 and piezo-electric type oscillator 52 are configured to: by the angle of central shaft relative to the normal of steel surface S1
1,
2 adjust, and central axis L 1 and the crossover location P of the central axis L 2 of Received signal strength visual field RS of the ultrasonic signal UB making piezo-electric type oscillator 51 send thus are arranged in the depth range Dc of the regulation of steel.In addition, piezo-electric type oscillator 51 and piezo-electric type oscillator 52 are configured to: the depth of focus F in steel is arranged in the depth range Dc of the regulation of steel.
According to the ultrasonic probe with above-mentioned structure, piezo-electric type oscillator 51 and piezo-electric type oscillator 52 are towards the direction different with normal reflection direction.Therefore, send from piezo-electric type oscillator 51 and be difficult at the signal of the surface reflection of steel be received by piezo-electric type oscillator 52, thus the amplitude of surface echo (S echo) diminishes.Further, isolates sound plate 53 blocks the surface reflection at steel and the scattering wave of the piezo-electric type oscillator 52 that bleeds, and therefore surface reflection wave amplitude reduces further, thus ad infinitum can reduce blind area.
In addition, double Splittable probe for the flaw detection etc. of slab at first sight has the structure identical with the ultrasonic probe used in the present embodiment.But, in double Splittable probe, make wedge be resin system material, make acoustic coupling method be water membrane process (gap method).Therefore, if the gap (distance) between double Splittable probe and steel changes towards the direction of opening a little, then between wedge bottom surface portions and steel surface, cause multipath reflection, thus produce noise.On the other hand, in the ultrasonic probe used in the present embodiment, do not use wedge, therefore do not produce the noise along with distance variation.
In addition, in technology in the past, in order to make S echo region, blind area constriction and by ultrasonic signal high frequency, and, in order to ultrasonic signal be made to assemble than receiving the reflection wave from defect well with S/N.But by ultrasonic signal high frequency, and when making it assemble, the depth range of the steel that can detect a flaw narrows.On the other hand, the ultrasonic probe used in the present embodiment is configured to the side that line assembles the ultrasonic signal diffusion of shape and intersects relative to the depth direction of steel, therefore, it is possible to reception is from the reflection wave of the defect be present in crossover range, mensuration depth range Dc namely shown in Fig. 9 A.Thus, even if ultrasonic signal high frequency is not made region, blind area constriction yet, and can detect a flaw by the depth range wider to steel.
Above, though be illustrated applying the working of an invention mode that completed by inventors of the present invention, the present invention by the expression of a present embodiment disclosed part not of the present invention describe and accompanying drawing limits.That is, other embodiment, embodiment and the application technology etc. that are completed by those skilled in the art etc. based on present embodiment are all included within the scope of the present invention.
Industrial utilizes possibility
According to the present invention, a kind of method for evaluating quality to the steel that the defect of the irregular skin section of tool is detected a flaw accurately and quality evaluation device can be provided.
Symbol description
1 ... steel; 10,100 ... ultra-sonic defect detector; 11 ... defectoscope control part; 12 ... A/D converter section; 13 ... wave memorizer; 14 ... casting skin surface shape profile calculating part; 15 ... defect indicating image portion; 16 ... defect instruction efferent; 51,52 ... piezo-electric type oscillator; 53 ... isolates sound plate; D ... defect; S1 ... casting skin face; S2 ... scanning plane.
Claims (6)
1. a method for evaluating quality for steel, is characterized in that, comprising:
Towards with the Surface scan ultrasonic signal of opposing surface of steel comprising skin section, and receive the step of the echoed signal from steel produced along with the scanning of this ultrasonic signal;
Use the calculating of the Wave data of described echoed signal from the propagation distance of the echoed signal on described surface, and calculate the step of the shape profile on the described surface on the direction of scanning of ultrasonic signal according to the propagation distance calculated; And
The sensing range of echoed signal produced by the defect in steel is set as strobe scope of detecting a flaw by the shape profile based on described surface, generates and exports the step of the defect indicating image drawing of the maximal value of the echoed signal in set flaw detection strobe scope obtained.
2. the method for evaluating quality of steel according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
The step calculating described shape profile comprises the steps:
Calculate the envelope waveform relative to the waveform of the echoed signal from described surface, distance is propagated according to this envelope waveshape, smoothing techniques is implemented to the profile of the propagation distance of the direction of scanning of ultrasonic signal, calculates the shape profile on the described surface of the direction of scanning of ultrasonic signal thus.
3. the method for evaluating quality of steel according to claim 2, is characterized in that,
Described smoothing techniques is the use of the smoothing techniques of moving average process.
4. the method for evaluating quality of the steel according to any one of claims 1 to 3, is characterized in that,
Flaw detection unit is used to carry out the step receiving described echoed signal, wherein
Described flaw detection mechanism possesses and sends line via water and assemble the first piezo-electric type oscillator of the ultrasonic signal of shape and have line and assemble the Received signal strength visual field of shape and receive the second piezo-electric type oscillator of described echoed signal, and the mode that the crossover location of the central shaft of the ultrasonic signal that the first piezo-electric type oscillator and the second piezo-electric type oscillator send with the first piezo-electric type oscillator and described Received signal strength visual field is arranged in the depth range of the regulation of steel is arranged opposite across isolates sound plate.
5. the method for evaluating quality of steel according to claim 4, is characterized in that,
Described first piezo-electric type oscillator and the second piezo-electric type oscillator are configured to: the signal sending or receive spreads respectively and assembles on the direction that the face opposed with the second piezo-electric type oscillator relative to the first piezo-electric type oscillator is vertical and parallel.
6. a quality evaluation device for steel, is characterized in that, possesses:
Flaw detection unit, its towards with the Surface scan ultrasonic signal of opposing surface of steel comprising skin section, and receive the echoed signal from steel produced along with the scanning of this ultrasonic signal;
Computing unit, it uses the calculating of the Wave data of described echoed signal from the propagation distance of the echoed signal on described surface, and calculates the shape profile on the described surface on the direction of scanning of ultrasonic signal according to the propagation distance calculated; And
Image generation unit, the sensing range of echoed signal produced by the defect in steel is set as strobe scope of detecting a flaw by its shape profile based on described surface, generates and export to draw to the maximal value of the echoed signal in set flaw detection strobe scope and the defect indicating image that obtains.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| JP2012149003 | 2012-07-03 | ||
| JP2012-149003 | 2012-07-03 | ||
| PCT/JP2013/067369 WO2014007111A1 (en) | 2012-07-03 | 2013-06-25 | Steel material quality evaluation method and quality evaluation device |
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| JP (1) | JP5994852B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR101942792B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN104412106B (en) |
| IN (1) | IN2014DN11065A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2014007111A1 (en) |
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| TWI614495B (en) * | 2015-05-15 | 2018-02-11 | Jfe Steel Corp | Steel cleanliness evaluation method and cleanliness evaluation device |
| CN111902716A (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2020-11-06 | 三菱重工业株式会社 | Ultrasonic inspection device, method, program, and ultrasonic inspection system |
| CN113557429A (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2021-10-26 | 杰富意钢铁株式会社 | Ultrasonic flaw detection method, ultrasonic flaw detection device, steel product manufacturing facility, steel product manufacturing method, and steel product quality management method |
| CN113939735A (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2022-01-14 | 杰富意钢铁株式会社 | Ultrasonic flaw detection method, ultrasonic flaw detection device, steel product manufacturing equipment line, steel product manufacturing method, and steel product quality assurance method |
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- 2013-06-25 JP JP2014523688A patent/JP5994852B2/en active Active
- 2013-06-25 CN CN201380033845.4A patent/CN104412106B/en active Active
- 2013-06-25 WO PCT/JP2013/067369 patent/WO2014007111A1/en active Application Filing
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN104412106B (en) | 2017-09-29 |
| IN2014DN11065A (en) | 2015-09-25 |
| KR20150023434A (en) | 2015-03-05 |
| JP5994852B2 (en) | 2016-09-21 |
| WO2014007111A1 (en) | 2014-01-09 |
| JPWO2014007111A1 (en) | 2016-06-02 |
| KR101942792B1 (en) | 2019-01-28 |
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