CN104409963A - Narrow-linewidth and long-time-stable frequency dye laser and frequency stabilization method thereof - Google Patents

Narrow-linewidth and long-time-stable frequency dye laser and frequency stabilization method thereof Download PDF

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CN104409963A
CN104409963A CN201410619134.1A CN201410619134A CN104409963A CN 104409963 A CN104409963 A CN 104409963A CN 201410619134 A CN201410619134 A CN 201410619134A CN 104409963 A CN104409963 A CN 104409963A
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laser
dye laser
dye
cavity
frequency
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CN104409963B (en
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戴大鹏
夏勇
方银飞
尹燕宁
杨秀秀
李兴佳
杜向丽
张慧
徐素鹏
印建平
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East China Normal University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a narrow-linewidth and long-time-stable frequency dye laser. The narrow-linewidth and long-time-stable frequency dye laser includes a reference-used laser generator, a dye laser, a reference cavity, a polarization beam splitter, a transmission cavity, a light detector, a data acquisition card, a processor, a signal adder and a function generator. According to the narrow-linewidth and long-time-stable frequency dye laser of the invention, two kinds of frequency stabilization methods are combined together to generate a narrow-linewidth and long-time-stable frequency laser beam, and the linewidth of the laser beam is 200kHz, and the frequency long-time drift of the laser beam is smaller than 2MHz. The narrow-linewidth and long-time-stable frequency dye laser of the invention has the advantages of simple circuit design, convenient realization and high scalability. The invention also provides a frequency stabilization method of the dye laser and is suitable for improving the long-time stability of the frequency of any dye lasers.

Description

The dye laser of frequency stabilization and frequency-stabilizing method thereof when a kind of narrow linewidth is long
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of laser device technology, especially design a kind of narrow linewidth long time the dye laser of frequency stabilization and frequency-stabilizing method thereof.
Background technology
Since the appearance of laser, because much experiment and occasion need the laser that frequency of utilization stability is very high, so one of technology that the Frequency Stabilization Technique of laser is people to be paid close attention to always.Current people have developed the laser steady frequency technology of a variety of different principle, such as atom and molecule saturated absorption frequency stabilization technology, PDH Frequency Stabilization Technique etc.Wherein saturated absorption frequency stabilization technology can only by laser stabilization on the Absorption Line of specific atom, molecule, stable when can realize laser frequency long; And PDH Frequency Stabilization Technique needs to use the stable cavity of high-fineness as the medium of frequency stabilization, can realize narrowing laser linewidth.
The laser of dye laser to be a kind of with dyestuff be gain media, it all has a wide range of applications in a lot of fields with the advantage of continuously-tuning in very wide wave band, such as atomic and molecular physics field, medical field etc.Although baroque ring dye laser can export list or multilongitudianl-mode laser, the shortcoming that when still also existing long, frequency drift is large, and also when not having a FEEDBACK CONTROL, the live width of Output of laser can reach tens MHz.Dye laser has been locked on metastable reference cavity by the frequency stabilization mode that current dye laser generally employ PDH, and this makes the live width of dye laser be narrowed, and short time frequency stability is improved, but time long, frequency drift is still unresolved.Dye laser can also directly lock onto on the transition spectral line of iodine molecule or atom, the solution obtained of drifting about during laser long, but the live width of Output of laser is not narrowed, and Output of laser wavelength can not continuous tuning at a lock condition.
In order to solve dye laser in prior art cannot keep narrow linewidth simultaneously and long time frequency stabilization technical problem, the present invention proposes a kind of brand-new narrow linewidth long time the dye laser of frequency stabilization and frequency-stabilizing method thereof, when making the frequency of dye laser long, drift and laser linewidth are under control.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of narrow linewidth long time frequency stabilization dye laser, comprising: reference laser generator, dye laser, reference cavity, polarization beam apparatus, transmission cavity, photo-detector, data collecting card, processor, signal adder sum functions generator, the reference laser beam that described reference laser generator exports inputs described polarization beam apparatus, the dye laser bundle that described dye laser exports inputs described reference cavity, described reference cavity is for narrowing the live width of described dye laser bundle, the output of described reference cavity is right against the input of described polarization beam apparatus, the output of described polarization beam apparatus is right against the input of described transmission cavity, the output of described transmission cavity is right against the sampling end of described photo-detector, the analog input end of described photo-detector and described data collecting card connects, the PCI port of described data collecting card is connected with described processor, the output of described data collecting card is connected with the input of described reference cavity and described signal adder respectively, described function generator is connected with the input of described signal adder, to described signal adder output function signal, described signal adder applies triangular voltage sweep voltage according to described function voltage to described transmission cavity, described data collecting card gathers the reference laser detected of described photodetector and the transmission peaks signal of dye laser, described processor records the transmission peaks data of described reference laser beam and described dye laser bundle, described data collecting card output offset voltage signal to the input of described signal adder to lock the transmission peaks position of reference laser beam, described data collecting card transfers on the piezoelectric ceramic of described reference cavity according to transmission peaks data output negative feedback voltage simultaneously, negative feedback control loop is formed in described reference cavity, for described reference laser beam frequency Long-term stability is transferred to described dye laser bundle, the dye laser bundle of frequency stabilization the present invention is by making described reference cavity output narrow linewidth long during in conjunction with above-mentioned two kinds of frequency-stabilizing methods.
The present invention propose described narrow linewidth long time frequency stabilization dye laser in, described reference laser generator comprises reference laser, optical isolator, the first half-wave plate, the first speculum, the second speculum; The reference laser beam that described reference laser exports inputs described optical isolator, the output of described optical isolator is right against described first half-wave plate, described first half-wave plate exports and is right against described first speculum, and described reference laser beam is inputted described polarization beam apparatus through the reflection of described second speculum by the output of described first speculum.
The present invention propose described narrow linewidth long time frequency stabilization dye laser in, dye laser comprises Dye-laser pumping unit, annular chamber, the second half-wave plate and semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens; The dye laser bundle that described Dye-laser pumping unit exports inputs described annular chamber, the output of described annular chamber is right against the input of described reference cavity, the output of described reference cavity inputs described semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens through described second half-wave plate, described semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens is by some dyes laser beam reflection to described polarization beam apparatus, and another part dye laser bundle is used for transmission and exports.
When the described narrow linewidth that the present invention proposes is long frequency stabilization dye laser in, the configuration of described processor based on the program of Labview, for detecting transmission peaks and the calculating negative feedback voltage of described reference laser beam and described dye laser bundle.
The present invention propose described narrow linewidth long time frequency stabilization dye laser in, described transmission cavity is Fabry-Perot chamber.
The present invention proposes a kind of frequency-stabilizing method of dye laser, by the dye laser bundle of frequency stabilization time long in conjunction with two kinds of frequency-stabilizing methods generation narrow linewidths, it mainly comprises the steps:
Step one: the reference laser beam exported and dye laser bundle are closed and restraints and input transmission cavity, the piezoelectric ceramic of described transmission cavity applies triangular voltage sweep voltage, the described reference laser beam after scanning and described dye laser bundle input photo-detector;
Step 2: the voltage utilizing data collecting card to gather described photo-detector exports sampled signal, and described sampled signal transfers to processor;
Step 3: described processor detects the transmission peaks data of reference laser beam described in described sampled signal and described dye laser bundle, calculates the distance between the transmission peaks of described reference laser beam and trigger instants according to described transmission peaks data and uses PI algorithm to generate biasing voltage signal;
Step 4: described biasing voltage signal is transferred to the input of described signal adder by described data collecting card, makes the position of the transmission peaks of described reference laser beam be locked;
Step 5: the peak-to-peak distance of transmission that described processor calculates described reference laser beam and described dye laser bundle generates negative feedback voltage value after PI algorithm;
Step 6: described data collecting card generates corresponding negative feedback voltage according to described negative feedback voltage value and is applied on the piezoelectric ceramic of described reference cavity, negative feedback control loop is formed, frequency stabilization during for keeping described dye laser bundle long in described reference cavity.
In the frequency-stabilizing method of the described dye laser that the present invention proposes, the biasing voltage signal utilizing PI algorithm to obtain in described step 3 represents with following formula:
V 1=p 1e 1(t)+I 1∑e 1(t)
Wherein p 1for scale parameter, I 1for integral parameter, e 1 (t)for error signal, V 1for the magnitude of voltage of biasing voltage signal.
In the frequency-stabilizing method of the described dye laser that the present invention proposes, the negative feedback voltage value utilizing PI algorithm to obtain in described step 5 represents with following formula:
V 2=p 2e 2(t)+I 2∑e 2(t)
Wherein p 2for scale parameter, I 2for integral parameter, e 2 (t)for error signal, V 2for negative feedback voltage value.
In the frequency-stabilizing method of the described dye laser that the present invention proposes, comprise further between described step 4 and described step 5: described data collecting card exports the magnitude of voltage of 0.35V on the piezoelectric ceramic of described reference cavity.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: first dye laser locks onto on a stable reference cavity by dye laser of the present invention, frequency stability again with reference to light source has been delivered on dye laser by transmission cavity, thus drift and laser linewidth are under control when making the frequency of dye laser long, live width is 200kHz, and when frequency is long, drift is less than ± 2MHz.The principle of the invention is simple, and it is convenient to realize, and extensibility is strong.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 be narrow linewidth of the present invention long time frequency stabilization the structure chart of dye laser.
Fig. 2 is the oscillogram of transmission peaks signal in transmission cavity.
The oscillogram of drift locking rear laserfrequencystability when Fig. 3 is long.
Fig. 4 is the oscillogram of the laserfrequencystability be locked on reference cavity.
Embodiment
In conjunction with following specific embodiments and the drawings, the present invention is described in further detail.Implement process of the present invention, condition, experimental technique etc., except the following content mentioned specially, be universal knowledege and the common practise of this area, the present invention is not particularly limited content.
As shown in Figure 1, when narrow linewidth is long, the dye laser of frequency stabilization comprises: reference laser generator, dye laser, reference cavity 13, polarization beam apparatus 6, transmission cavity 7, photo-detector 8, data collecting card 9, processor 10, signal adder 16 sum functions generator 17;
Reference laser generator comprises reference laser 1, optical isolator 2, first half-wave plate 3, first speculum 4, second speculum 5; With reference to the reference laser beam input optical isolator 2 exported with laser 1, the output of optical isolator 2 is right against the first half-wave plate 3, first half-wave plate 3 exports the output that is right against the first speculum 4, first speculum 4 reflection through the second speculum 5 with reference to laser beam input polarization beam splitter 6.
Dye laser comprises Dye-laser pumping unit 11, annular chamber 12, second half-wave plate 14 and semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 15; The dye laser bundle input annular chamber 12 that Dye-laser pumping unit 11 exports, the output of annular chamber is right against the input of reference cavity 13, the output of reference cavity 13 inputs semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 15 through the second half-wave plate 14, semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 15 is by some dyes laser beam reflection to polarization beam apparatus 6, and another part dye laser bundle is used for transmission and exports.The dye laser bundle of reflection is restrainted rear input in transmission cavity 7 with reference to closing with laser beam by polarization beam apparatus 6.
Reference cavity 13 is for narrowing the live width of dye laser bundle, the output of reference cavity 13 is right against the input of polarization beam apparatus 6, the output of polarization beam apparatus 6 is right against the input of transmission cavity 7, the output of transmission cavity 7 is right against the sampling end of photo-detector 8, photo-detector 8 connects with the input of data collecting card 9, the PCI port of data collecting card 9 is connected with processor 10, and the output of data collecting card 9 is connected with the input of reference cavity 13 and signal adder 16 respectively.
Function generator 17 is connected with the input of signal adder 16, to signal adder 16 output function signal, signal adder 16 applies triangular voltage sweep voltage according to function voltage to transmission cavity 7, data collecting card 9 gathers the transmission peaks signal that photodetector 8 collects, processor 10 records the transmission peaks data of reference laser beam and dye laser bundle, data collecting card 9 by output offset voltage signal to the locking position of signal adder 16 with reference to the transmission peaks with laser beam, data collecting card 9 exports negative feedback voltage according to transmission peaks data and transfers on the piezoelectric ceramic of reference cavity 13, negative feedback control loop is formed in reference cavity 13, transfer on dye laser bundle with reference to laser beam frequency Long-term stability, reference cavity 13 export narrow linewidth long time frequency stabilization dye laser bundle.
In this specific embodiment, the transmission cavity 7 that dye laser uses is the FPI100 confocal cavity of Toptica company, data collecting card 9 is the PCI-6259 multifunctional data acquisition card of NI company, reference the laser 1 used is the stable HeNe laser (model HRS015) of Thorlabs company, and reference cavity 13 is the PDH reference cavity of German Sirah company production.
The operation principle of present system is as shown in Figure 2: the present invention utilizes transmission cavity 7 to scan the transmission peaks obtaining dye laser and HeNe laser, stable when then utilizing the relative position locking of Labview programming realization to the transmission peaks of dye laser and HeNe laser to realize dye laser frequency long.The distance that the present invention is triggered to the transmission peaks of reference laser by first locking offsets the change of external environment to the impact of the transmission peaks position of reference laser, and then locking reference laser beam transmission peak and the peak-to-peak relative position of dye laser bundle transmission (consulting B and C of Fig. 2) pass to dye laser with reference to by the stability of laser, and then make to drift about during dye laser long to be inhibited.Concrete implementation step is as follows:
Step one: the reference laser beam exported and dye laser bundle are closed and restraints and input transmission cavity, the piezoelectric ceramic of transmission cavity 7 applies triangular voltage sweep voltage, the reference laser beam after scanning and dye laser bundle input photo-detector 8.Wherein, by regulating the first half-wave plate 3 or the second half-wave plate 14 to make the peak value of the transmission peaks of reference laser beam be greater than the peak value of the transmission peaks of dye laser;
Step 2: the transmission peaks signal of utilize data collecting card 9 to gather reference laser that photo-detector 8 detects and dye laser, sampled signal transfers to processor 10; Sampled signal on the photo-detector that data collecting card 9 collects by processor 10 is deposited in an one-dimension array in Labview program, as the data for subsequent calculations;
Step 3: processor 10 obtains the transmission peaks data of reference laser beam and dye laser bundle, according to the size of transmission peaks data computing reference laser beam and the distance between trigger instants and corresponding error signal, obtain the size E (E is the size of one-dimension array) of numerical value as the A in Fig. 2 and array, proportion of utilization integral algorithm selects suitable proportional integral parameter to obtain the biasing voltage signal of a negative feedback voltage as transmission cavity 7, further, A/E is locked as a constant (as 0.1);
Step 4: biasing voltage signal is transferred to reference cavity 13 by data collecting card 9, forms negative feedback loop to lock the frequency of dye laser bundle in reference cavity 13.Comprise further between step 4 and step 5: data collecting card 9 exports the magnitude of voltage reference cavity 13 with 0.35V, PDH reference cavity frequency stabilization not losing lock will be ensured in this process.Wherein, biasing voltage signal represents with following formula:
V 1=p 1e 1(t)+I 1∑e 1(t)
Wherein p 1for the size of scale parameter, I 1for the size of integral parameter, e 1 (t)for the size of error signal, the size of the magnitude of voltage of the biasing voltage signal acted on described signal adder 16 can be drawn by PI algorithm.
Step 5: the peak-to-peak distance of transmission (see B and C in Fig. 2) of processor 10 computing reference laser beam and dye laser bundle, proportion of utilization integral algorithm selects suitable proportional integral parameter to obtain a negative feedback voltage as generation negative feedback voltage value.Further, B/C is locked as a constant (as 0.5), this keyed end is designated as D (see Fig. 2), and its numerical value represents with α.According to size α and the formula λ of keyed end D s=n s/ n m× λ m× (N m+ α)/N sthe wavelength of the dye laser of Current lock can be determined, wherein λ sfor the wavelength of dye laser, λ mfor the wavelength of HeNe laser, n sfor dye laser refractive index in atmosphere, n mfor the aerial refractive index of HeNe laser, α=B/C, N mand N sbe respectively the longitudinal mode number of HeNe laser and dye laser.
Step 6: data collecting card 9 generates corresponding negative feedback voltage according to negative feedback voltage value and is applied on the piezoelectric ceramic of reference cavity 13, forms frequency stabilization when feedback loop keeps dye laser bundle long in reference cavity 13.Wherein, negative feedback voltage value represents with following formula:
V 2=p 2e 2(t)+I 2∑e 2(t)
Wherein p 2for the size of scale parameter, I 2for the size of integral parameter, e 2 (t)for the size of error signal, the size of the negative feedback voltage value acted on reference cavity 13 can be drawn by PI algorithm.
Consult Fig. 3, Fig. 3 display be long time drift locking after the stability oscillogram of laser frequency, 100 minutes inner dye laser beam frequency be stabilized in ± 2MHz within the scope of.Wherein the frequency drift of dye laser bundle is obtained by following formula:
δ=(B/C-D)×λ MS
Wherein B, C are as shown in Figure 2, and D is keyed end, λ mand λ sbe respectively the wavelength of reference laser and dye laser.
Consult Fig. 4, Fig. 4 display be stability dye laser being locked in the laser frequency on reference cavity 13, in the frequency drift of 100 minutes inner dye laser more than 100MH.
Fig. 3 with Fig. 4 compares and can find out that technical solution of the present invention makes the problem of the long term drift of dye laser frequency be resolved.
Protection content of the present invention is not limited to above embodiment.Under the spirit and scope not deviating from inventive concept, the change that those skilled in the art can expect and advantage are all included in the present invention, and are protection range with appending claims.

Claims (9)

1. the dye laser of frequency stabilization when a narrow linewidth is long, it is characterized in that, comprising: reference laser generator, dye laser, reference cavity (13), polarization beam apparatus (6), transmission cavity (7), photo-detector (8), data collecting card (9), processor (10), signal adder (16) sum functions generator (17);
The reference laser beam that described reference laser generator exports inputs described polarization beam apparatus (6), the dye laser bundle that described dye laser exports inputs described reference cavity (13), described reference cavity (13) is for narrowing the live width of described dye laser bundle, the output of described reference cavity (13) is right against the input of described polarization beam apparatus (6), the output of described polarization beam apparatus (6) is right against the input of described transmission cavity (7), the output of described transmission cavity (7) is right against the sampling end of described photo-detector (8), described photo-detector (8) connects with the analog input end of described data collecting card (9), the PCI port of described data collecting card (9) is connected with described processor (10), the output of described data collecting card (9) is connected with the input of described reference cavity (13) and described signal adder (16) respectively, described function generator (17) is connected with the input of described signal adder (16), to described signal adder (16) output function signal, described signal adder (16) applies triangular voltage sweep voltage according to described function voltage to described transmission cavity (7), described data collecting card (9) gathers the reference laser detected of described photodetector (8) and the transmission peaks signal of dye laser, described processor (10) records the transmission peaks data of described reference laser beam and described dye laser bundle, described data collecting card (9) output offset voltage signal to the input of described signal adder (16) to lock the transmission peaks position of reference laser beam, described data collecting card (9) transfers on the piezoelectric ceramic of described reference cavity (13) according to transmission peaks data output negative feedback voltage simultaneously, negative feedback control loop is formed in described reference cavity (13), for described reference laser beam frequency Long-term stability is transferred to described dye laser bundle, the dye laser bundle of frequency stabilization when making described reference cavity (13) output narrow linewidth long.
2. the dye laser of frequency stabilization when narrow linewidth as claimed in claim 1 is long, it is characterized in that, described reference laser generator comprises reference laser (1), optical isolator (2), the first half-wave plate (3), the first speculum (4), the second speculum (5); The reference laser beam that described reference laser (1) exports inputs described optical isolator (2), the output of described optical isolator (2) is right against described first half-wave plate (3), the output of described first half-wave plate (3) is right against described first speculum (4), and described reference laser beam is inputted described polarization beam apparatus (6) through the reflection of described second speculum (5) by the output of described first speculum (4).
3. the dye laser of frequency stabilization when narrow linewidth as claimed in claim 1 is long, it is characterized in that, dye laser comprises Dye-laser pumping unit (11), annular chamber (12), the second half-wave plate (14) and semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens (15); The dye laser bundle that described Dye-laser pumping unit (11) exports inputs described annular chamber (12), the output of described annular chamber is right against the input of described reference cavity (13), the output of described reference cavity (13) inputs described semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens (15) through described second half-wave plate (14), described semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens (15) is by some dyes laser beam reflection to described polarization beam apparatus (6), and another part dye laser bundle is used for transmission and exports.
4. the dye laser of frequency stabilization when narrow linewidth as claimed in claim 1 is long, it is characterized in that, described processor (10) configures the program based on Labview, for detecting the transmission peaks of described reference laser beam and described dye laser bundle and calculating negative feedback voltage.
5. the dye laser of frequency stabilization when narrow linewidth as claimed in claim 1 is long, it is characterized in that, described transmission cavity (7) is Fabry-Perot chamber.
6. a frequency-stabilizing method for dye laser, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
Step one: the reference laser beam exported and dye laser bundle are closed and restraints and input transmission cavity, the piezoelectric ceramic of described transmission cavity (7) applies triangular voltage sweep voltage, the described reference laser beam after scanning and described dye laser bundle input photo-detector (8);
Step 2: the voltage utilizing data collecting card (9) to gather described photo-detector (8) exports sampled signal, and described sampled signal transfers to processor (10);
Step 3: described processor (10) detects the transmission peaks data of reference laser beam described in described sampled signal and described dye laser bundle, calculates the distance between the transmission peaks of described reference laser beam and trigger instants according to described transmission peaks data and uses PI algorithm to generate biasing voltage signal;
Step 4: described biasing voltage signal is transferred to the input of described signal adder (16) by described data collecting card (9), makes the position of the transmission peaks of described reference laser beam be locked;
Step 5: the peak-to-peak distance of transmission that described processor (10) calculates described reference laser beam and described dye laser bundle generates negative feedback voltage value after PI algorithm;
Step 6: described data collecting card (9) generates corresponding negative feedback voltage according to described negative feedback voltage value and is applied on the piezoelectric ceramic of described reference cavity (13), negative feedback control loop is formed, frequency stabilization during for keeping described dye laser bundle long in described reference cavity (13).
7. the frequency-stabilizing method of dye laser as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, the biasing voltage signal utilizing PI algorithm to obtain in described step 3 represents with following formula:
V 1=p 1e 1(t)+I 1∑e 1(t)
Wherein p 1for scale parameter, I 1for integral parameter, e 1 (t)for error signal, V 1for the magnitude of voltage of biasing voltage signal.
8. the frequency-stabilizing method of dye laser as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, the negative feedback voltage value utilizing PI algorithm to obtain in described step 5 represents with following formula:
V 2=p 2e 2(t)+I 2∑e 2(t)
Wherein p 2for scale parameter, I 2for integral parameter, e 2 (t)for error signal, V 2for negative feedback voltage value.
9. the frequency-stabilizing method of dye laser as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, comprise further between described step 4 and described step 5: described data collecting card (9) exports the magnitude of voltage of 0.35V on the piezoelectric ceramic of described reference cavity (13).
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CN104953459A (en) * 2015-07-02 2015-09-30 华东师范大学 Transmission cavity frequency stabilizing system and method for realizing long-term laser frequency stabilization
CN104953459B (en) * 2015-07-02 2019-07-05 华东师范大学 A kind of transmission cavity frequency stabilization system that laser frequency is steady in a long-term and its frequency-stabilizing method
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CN105388120B (en) * 2015-11-25 2018-07-03 山西大学 Calibration Wavelength modulation spectroscopy gas detection method is exempted from based on WMRF models
CN109755855A (en) * 2019-03-11 2019-05-14 清华大学 Frequency stabilized carbon dioxide laser optical path is composed in saturated absorption and frequency stabilized carbon dioxide laser is composed in saturated absorption
CN112600070A (en) * 2020-12-14 2021-04-02 北京航天控制仪器研究所 Laser accurate frequency stabilization system and method for SERF magnetometer
CN112600070B (en) * 2020-12-14 2022-03-04 北京航天控制仪器研究所 Laser accurate frequency stabilization system and method for SERF magnetometer

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