CN104409856B - Liquid-crystal fixed-frequency-scanning leaky-wave antenna based on single regulation and control mode - Google Patents
Liquid-crystal fixed-frequency-scanning leaky-wave antenna based on single regulation and control mode Download PDFInfo
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- CN104409856B CN104409856B CN201410827407.1A CN201410827407A CN104409856B CN 104409856 B CN104409856 B CN 104409856B CN 201410827407 A CN201410827407 A CN 201410827407A CN 104409856 B CN104409856 B CN 104409856B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a liquid-crystal fixed-frequency-scanning leaky-wave antenna based on a single regulation and control mode and relates to liquid-crystal fixed-frequency-scanning leaky-wave antennae. The liquid-crystal fixed-frequency-scanning leaky-wave antenna is used for realizing the fixed-frequency scanning of wave beams of the leaky-wave antennae. The antenna consists of two parts, namely an upper part and a lower part; each of the upper and lower parts comprises a copper-clad dielectric plate; a metallic ground plate is laid and fixed on the upper surface of the lower dielectric plate, and a micro-strip is laid and fixed on the upper surface of the upper dielectric plate; periodic structure units are located on the upper surface of the upper dielectric plate; in each periodic structure unit, an H-shaped metal island is printed on the upper surface of the upper dielectric plate by adopting an etching method, a substrate patch is fixed on the lower surface of the upper dielectric plate, the location of the substrate patch corresponds to the location of the H-shaped metal island, a through hole is formed in each of the left and right sides of the upper dielectric plate, one end of each of two metallic columns respectively penetrates through the two through holes and is connected with the micro-strip, and the other end of each of the two metallic columns is connected with the metallic ground plate. The liquid-crystal fixed-frequency-scanning leaky-wave antenna is applicable to all kinds of modern communication systems.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of liquid crystal frequency scanning leaky-wave antenna surely.
Background technology
Leaky-wave antenna is subject to extensive green grass or young crops as a kind of traditional automatically controlled scanning antenna due to having very high radiation efficiency
Look at.In microwave and millimeter wave band, leaky-wave antenna can play good effect.But leaky-wave antenna can only be by changing work
Working frequency come to realize directional diagram scanning it is impossible to realize under certain fixed frequency directional diagram scanning, thus limiting leaky wave sky
The range of application of line.
In Modern Communication System, antenna radiation pattern to determine frequency scan capability extremely important, system can be made to constitute and to obtain
Greatly simplify.Therefore, in recent years, people are keen to make leaky-wave antenna possess determine frequency scan capability, so that existing automatically controlled scanning
The radiation efficiency level of antenna is improved.The frequency of determining that two class methods can realize leaky-wave antenna is had to scan at present.
First kind method is periodically to load electric control element (such as PIN diode or transfiguration two pole in leaky-wave antenna
Pipe) come to realize leaky-wave antenna determine frequency scanning.PIN diode has good isolation and on state characteristic in superhigh frequency band,
Therefore become one of the most commonly used device in reconfigurable antenna field.For the environment only needing to switch two states, PIN bis-
Pole pipe has very high cost performance.Varactor, as voltage-controlled electric elements, has the ability continuously adjusting such that it is able to reality
Show continuously adjusting of physical parameter.But based on above-mentioned electric control element determine frequency scanning leaky-wave antenna can be subject to component encapsulation parameter
Affect and can only operate on lower frequency, the characteristic with frequency leaky-wave antenna drastically deteriorates.In addition, MEMS radio frequency electric capacity
Once it was introduced in and determined in the design that frequency scans leaky-wave antenna.Although this can be worked based on the leaky-wave antenna of MEMS radio frequency electric capacity
In upper frequency, but because it is in the nature frame for movement, therefore mechanical fatigue becomes its wide variety of obstacle of obstruction.
This automatically controlled material of liquid crystal material solves these problems in the introducing of microwave section, and its automatically controlled characteristic principle is derived from material
The molecule of material itself points to skew, therefore its in microwave, Terahertz or even optical frequency all have good physical characteristics.But liquid crystal
Material non-easy processing due to its special state of matter, therefore good electrical control mechanism becomes heavy to closing in tunable antenna design
The part wanted, but on the one hand theoretical not high with the Maturity of technology at this, and corresponding method for designing is also extremely short of.
Content of the invention
The present invention is to scan to realize the frequency of determining of antenna beam, thus providing a kind of liquid crystal based on single control methods
Fixed frequency scanning leaky-wave antenna.
Liquid crystal based on single control methods frequency scanning leaky-wave antenna surely, it includes 6, two pieces of micro-strip tape 1, metal floor
Dielectric-slab 7 and N number of periodic structure unit 2；N is positive integer；
The upper surface of layer dielectric plate 7 is laid and be fixed on to metal floor 6, and micro-strip tape 1 is laid and is fixed on upper strata and is situated between
The upper surface of scutum 7；
Each periodic structure unit 2 all includes H type metal island 3, substrate paster 4 and two metal columns 5, described H type metal
Island 3 is fixed on micro-strip tape 1 using etching method；The lower surface of the fixing top dielectric plate 7 of substrate paster 4；And this substrate paster 4
Corresponding with the position of H type metal island 3；Be located at substrate paster 4 on top dielectric plate each side has a through hole,
One end of two metal columns 5 is each passed through this two through holes and is connected with micro-strip tape 1；The other end of described two metal columns 5 is equal
It is connected with metal floor 6；
H type metal island 3 spaced set in N number of periodic structure unit 2.
The equivalent circuit of each periodic structure unit 2 all includes：
Electric capacity CLS, electric capacity CCP1, electric capacity CCP2, inductance LLS, inductance LRS, inductance LLPWith electric capacity CRP；
Described electric capacity CLSOne end be periodic structure unit 2 terminals, described electric capacity CLSThe other end and inductance
LLSOne end connect, described inductance LLSThe other end and inductance LRSOne end connect, described inductance LRSThe other end simultaneously with electricity
Sense LLPOne end, electric capacity CCP1One end and electric capacity CRPOne end connect；
Electric capacity CCP1The other end and electric capacity CCP2One end connect；
Described inductance LLPThe other end simultaneously with electric capacity CCP1The other end and electric capacity CRPThe other end connect, and as week
Another terminals of phase construction unit 2.
When loading in antennas liquid crystal material, the concrete loading form of liquid crystal material is：
The configuration of liquid crystal material is divided into part in series and parallel connection part, and part in series is contacted with each H type metal island 3, from
And adjustment effect is produced to the series capacitance that micro-strip tape 1 is formed with H type metal island 3；
Have groove in second block of dielectric-slab 7 surface exposure media fraction, the parallel connection part of liquid crystal material is located at this groove
In, the capacitance size that the corresponding substrate paster 4 of each H type metal island 3 is formed is subject to the parallel connection part of liquid crystal material, from
And affect shunt capacitance.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows：Single control methods proposed by the present invention can be generally applicable to liquid crystal, and frequency scans surely
In the design of leaky-wave antenna.Present invention achieves the frequency of determining of antenna beam scans, the frequency scanning antenna of determining that the present invention obtains has
Good determines frequency and wideband beam scanning characteristic, can apply in all kinds of Modern Communication System.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the antenna of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the A-A ' of Fig. 1 to sectional view；
Fig. 3 is the top view of Fig. 1；
Fig. 4 is the antenna equivalent circuit figure of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the antenna single-unit structural representation after loading electrical control mechanism；
Fig. 6 is the A-A ' of Fig. 5 to sectional view；
Fig. 7 be zero-bias and saturation voltage under the conditions of antenna beam scanning figure；
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiment one, with reference to Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, this specific embodiment is described, the liquid crystal based on single control methods
Fixed frequency scanning leaky-wave antenna, it includes micro-strip tape 1,6, two blocks of dielectric-slabs 7 of metal floor and N number of periodic structure unit 2；N is
Positive integer；
The upper surface of layer dielectric plate 7 is laid and be fixed on to metal floor 6, and micro-strip tape 1 is laid and is fixed on upper strata and is situated between
The upper surface of scutum 7；
Each periodic structure unit 2 all includes H type metal island 3, substrate paster 4 and two metal columns 5, described H type metal
Island 3 is etched on micro-strip tape 1；The lower surface of the fixing top dielectric plate 7 of substrate paster 4；And this substrate paster 4 and H type metal
The position on island 3 is corresponding；Be located at substrate paster 4 on top dielectric plate each side has a through hole, two metals
One end of post 5 is each passed through this two through holes and is connected with micro-strip tape 1；The other end of described two metal columns 5 all with metal ground
Plate 6 connects；
H type metal island 3 spaced set in N number of periodic structure unit 2.
Described in specific embodiment two, this specific embodiment and specific embodiment one based on single control methods
Surely the difference of scanning leaky-wave antenna frequently is, this antenna is feeding in the z-direction to liquid crystal.
Described in specific embodiment three, this specific embodiment and specific embodiment one based on single control methods
Surely the difference of scanning leaky-wave antenna frequently is liquid crystal, N=10.
Described in specific embodiment four, this specific embodiment and specific embodiment one based on single control methods
Surely the difference of scanning leaky-wave antenna frequently is, the equivalent circuit of each periodic structure unit 2 all includes to liquid crystal：
Electric capacity CLS, electric capacity CCP1, electric capacity CCP2, inductance LLS, inductance LRS, inductance LLPWith electric capacity CRP；
Described electric capacity CLSOne end be periodic structure unit 2 terminals, described electric capacity CLSThe other end and inductance
LLSOne end connect, described inductance LLSThe other end and inductance LRSOne end connect, described inductance LRSThe other end simultaneously with electricity
Sense LLPOne end, electric capacity CCP1One end and electric capacity CRPOne end connect；
Electric capacity CCP1The other end and electric capacity CCP2One end connect；
Described inductance LLPThe other end simultaneously with electric capacity CCP1The other end and electric capacity CRPThe other end connect, and as week
Another terminals of phase construction unit 2.
In present embodiment, antenna feeds along the z-axis direction, 10 periodic structure units 2 of overall inclusion.Each periodic structure
The position that unit occupies is referred to as a section.According to transmission line theory, antenna single-unit equivalent-circuit model is with reference to Fig. 4.CLSAnd LLSFor knot
The series capacitance inductance that structure 3 introduces, CCP1And CCP2The shunt capacitance that structure 4 produces, LLPThe shunt inductance producing for metal column 5,
LRSAnd CRPThe series inductance producing for microstrip structure 1 and 6 and shunt capacitance.P is single-unit length.According to equivalent circuit, single-unit phase
Moving constant is：
Described in specific embodiment five, this specific embodiment and specific embodiment four based on single control methods
Surely the difference of scanning leaky-wave antenna frequently is liquid crystal, when liquid crystal material is loaded in antennas, the concrete loading of liquid crystal material
Form as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, specially：
The configuration of liquid crystal material is divided into part in series and parallel connection part, and part in series is contacted with each H type metal island 3, from
And adjustment effect is produced to the series capacitance that micro-strip tape 1 is formed with H type metal island 3；
Have groove in second block of dielectric-slab 7 surface exposure media fraction, the parallel connection part of liquid crystal material is located at this groove
In, the capacitance size that the corresponding substrate paster 4 of each H type metal island 3 is formed is subject to the parallel connection part of liquid crystal material, from
And affect shunt capacitance.
Present embodiment application liquid crystal, as automatically controlled material, controls series connection and resistance in parallel using single electric tuning mechanism simultaneously
Anti-, performance period, the phase-shift constant of construction unit changed with the change in voltage of electric control gear.And then control the wave beam side of antenna
To realizing antenna beam scanning in a z-direction.According to formula 1, when series capacitance CLSWith shunt capacitance CCP1Simultaneously increase or
When person reduces, phase-shift constant β of antenna reduces with increasing therewith, and therefore the present invention controls C using single electric control gear simultaneouslyLSWith
CCP1Realize the scanning of antenna beam.
According to this configuration, choose suitable liquid crystal material and can realize antenna beam scanning in the z-axis direction, scanning figure
With reference to Fig. 7, on point frequency in Ku wave band, maximum can realize about 60 ° of angle scannings to line, and broad frequency sweep can be in 300MHz bandwidth
The upper scanning having 30 °, respond well.
Claims (4)
1. the frequency scanning leaky-wave antenna surely of the liquid crystal based on single control methods, is characterized in that：It includes micro-strip tape (1), metal
Floor (6), two pieces of dielectric-slabs (7) and N number of periodic structure unit (2)；N is positive integer；
The upper surface of layer dielectric plate (7-2) is laid and be fixed on to metal floor (6), and micro-strip tape (1) is laid and is fixed on
The upper surface of layer dielectric-slab (7-1)；
Each periodic structure unit (2) all includes H type metal island (3), substrate paster (4) and two metal columns (5), described H type
Metal island (3) is etched on micro-strip tape (1) and is fixed on the upper surface of top dielectric plate (7-1)；Substrate paster (4) is fixed on
The lower surface of top dielectric plate (7-1)；And this substrate paster (4) is corresponding with the position of H type metal island (3)；In top dielectric
Be located at substrate paster (4) on plate each side has a through hole, and one end of two metal columns (5) is each passed through this two
Through hole is connected with micro-strip tape (1)；The other end of described two metal columns (5) is all connected with metal floor (6)；
H type metal island (3) spaced set in N number of periodic structure unit (2)；
When loading in antennas liquid crystal material, the concrete loading form of liquid crystal material is：
The configuration of liquid crystal material is divided into part in series and parallel connection part, and part in series is contacted with each H type metal island (3), thus
Adjustment effect is produced to the series capacitance that micro-strip tape (1) is formed with H type metal island (3)；
Have groove in top dielectric plate (7-1) surface exposure media fraction, the parallel connection part of liquid crystal material is located in this groove,
The capacitance size that the corresponding substrate paster (4) of each H type metal island (3) is formed is subject to the parallel connection part shadow of liquid crystal material
Ring, thus affecting shunt capacitance.
2. frequency scans leaky-wave antenna it is characterised in that being somebody's turn to do to the liquid crystal based on single control methods according to claim 1 surely
Antenna is feeding in the z-direction.
3. the liquid crystal based on single control methods according to claim 1 surely frequency scanning leaky-wave antenna it is characterised in that N=
10.
4. the liquid crystal based on single control methods according to claim 1 surely frequency scanning leaky-wave antenna it is characterised in that every
The equivalent circuit of individual periodic structure unit (2) all includes：
Electric capacity CLS, electric capacity CCP1, electric capacity CCP2, inductance LLS, inductance LRS, inductance LLPWith electric capacity CRP；
Described electric capacity CLSOne end be periodic structure unit (2) terminals, described electric capacity CLSThe other end and inductance LLS
One end connect, described inductance LLSThe other end and inductance LRSOne end connect, described inductance LRSThe other end simultaneously with inductance
LLPOne end, electric capacity CCP1One end and electric capacity CRPOne end connect；
Electric capacity CCP1The other end and electric capacity CCP2One end connect；
Described inductance LLPThe other end simultaneously with electric capacity CCP2The other end and electric capacity CRPThe other end connect, and as the cycle knot
Another terminals of structure unit (2).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410827407.1A CN104409856B (en) | 2014-12-25 | 2014-12-25 | Liquid-crystal fixed-frequency-scanning leaky-wave antenna based on single regulation and control mode |
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| CN201410827407.1A CN104409856B (en) | 2014-12-25 | 2014-12-25 | Liquid-crystal fixed-frequency-scanning leaky-wave antenna based on single regulation and control mode |
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| CN104409856B true CN104409856B (en) | 2017-02-22 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105071019B (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2017-11-03 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | LCD electric-controlled zero scan leaky-wave antenna excessively based on pectinate line waveguide |
| CN110998965B (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2021-09-07 | 夏普株式会社 | Scanning antenna and method for manufacturing scanning antenna |
| CN112563738B (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2022-02-11 | 中山大学 | Circularly polarized antenna comprising periodic leaky-wave structure and manufacturing method thereof |
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| US5515059A (en) * | 1994-01-31 | 1996-05-07 | Northeastern University | Antenna array having two dimensional beam steering |
| CN1720641A (en) * | 2002-12-03 | 2006-01-11 | 哈里公司 | Multi-layer capacitive coupling in phased array antennas |
| CN101005161A (en) * | 2007-01-09 | 2007-07-25 | 杨华 | Ultrathin intelligent antenna for time division system |
| WO2008007545A1 (en) * | 2006-07-14 | 2008-01-17 | Yamaguchi University | Strip line type right-hand/left-hand system composite line or left-hand system line and antenna employing them |
| CN101889778A (en) * | 2009-05-20 | 2010-11-24 | 上海九欣智能识别系统技术有限公司 | Radio frequency identification plate and application in file cabinets and shelves |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4645351B2 (en) * | 2005-03-18 | 2011-03-09 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | Antenna with periodic structure |
| JP5790648B2 (en) * | 2010-06-02 | 2015-10-07 | 日本電気株式会社 | Structure |
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Patent Citations (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5515059A (en) * | 1994-01-31 | 1996-05-07 | Northeastern University | Antenna array having two dimensional beam steering |
| CN1720641A (en) * | 2002-12-03 | 2006-01-11 | 哈里公司 | Multi-layer capacitive coupling in phased array antennas |
| WO2008007545A1 (en) * | 2006-07-14 | 2008-01-17 | Yamaguchi University | Strip line type right-hand/left-hand system composite line or left-hand system line and antenna employing them |
| CN101005161A (en) * | 2007-01-09 | 2007-07-25 | 杨华 | Ultrathin intelligent antenna for time division system |
| CN101889778A (en) * | 2009-05-20 | 2010-11-24 | 上海九欣智能识别系统技术有限公司 | Radio frequency identification plate and application in file cabinets and shelves |
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