CN112563738B - Circularly polarized antenna comprising periodic leaky-wave structure and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Circularly polarized antenna comprising periodic leaky-wave structure and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112563738B CN112563738B CN202011205345.2A CN202011205345A CN112563738B CN 112563738 B CN112563738 B CN 112563738B CN 202011205345 A CN202011205345 A CN 202011205345A CN 112563738 B CN112563738 B CN 112563738B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
Abstract
The invention discloses a circularly polarized antenna comprising a periodic leaky-wave structure and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the circularly polarized antenna comprises a dielectric plate, a radiator, a floor, the periodic leaky-wave structure and a feed structure, the radiator is arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric plate, the floor is arranged on the lower surface of the dielectric plate, the periodic leaky-wave structure is embedded in a first plane and a second plane inside the dielectric plate, the first plane and the second plane are positioned between the upper surface and the lower surface, the feed structure penetrates through the dielectric plate, the feed structure is connected with the radiator in a feed manner, and the outer conductor part of the feed structure is connected with the floor. The periodic leaky-wave structure embedded in the dielectric plate can enable the dielectric plate to have anisotropy, the periodic leaky-wave structure can excite a medium-amplitude orthogonal degenerate mode in the orthogonal direction, and when the resonant frequency of the antenna is in a leaky-wave working interval of the periodic leaky-wave structure, the antenna has good circular polarization characteristic and achieves smaller axial ratio and reflection coefficient. The invention is widely applied to the technical field of antennas.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a circularly polarized antenna comprising a periodic leaky-wave structure and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
The implementation of wireless communication technology relies on antennas. The development of wireless communication technology puts requirements on circularly polarized antennas such as low planar surface, easy integration, rotation direction orthogonality and polarization rotation. The existing circularly polarized antenna is mainly realized in modes of perturbation, multi-element, multi-feed point and the like, and the axial ratio and the reflection coefficient of the existing circularly polarized antenna are large.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of at least one of the above problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide a circular polarized antenna including a periodic leaky wave structure and a method for manufacturing the same.
In one aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a circularly polarized antenna including a periodic leaky-wave structure, including:
a dielectric plate;
a radiator; the radiator is arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric slab;
a floor; the floor is arranged on the lower surface of the medium plate;
a periodic leaky wave structure; the periodic leaky wave structure is embedded in a first plane and a second plane inside the dielectric slab, and the first plane and the second plane are positioned between the upper surface and the lower surface;
a feed structure; the feed structure penetrates through the dielectric plate, the feed structure is connected with the feed of the radiator, and the outer conductor part of the feed structure is connected with the floor.
Further, the periodic leaky wave structure includes a first portion and a second portion; the first part and the second part respectively comprise a plurality of sheet-shaped units, the sheet-shaped units in the first part are distributed on a first plane in a first periodic mode, the sheet-shaped units in the second part are distributed on a second plane in a second periodic mode, and the first plane and the second plane are both parallel to the upper surface or the lower surface.
Further, the phase of the first periodic distribution and the phase of the second periodic distribution are opposite.
Further, each of the sheet-like units has the same rectangular shape.
Further, the planar projection of the first portion and the planar projection of the second portion form a rectangle that can cover the upper surface or the lower surface.
Further, a distance between the upper surface and the first plane, a distance between the first plane and the second plane, and a distance between the second plane and the lower surface are equal.
Furthermore, a feeding point between the feeding structure and the radiator is located on a central line of the radiator, and the feeding structure is insulated from the periodic leaky wave structure.
Furthermore, the radiator, the periodic leaky-wave structure and the floor are all made of metal materials.
Further, the dielectric plate is made of a solid dielectric material or a gas dielectric material.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the invention also comprises a method for manufacturing the circularly polarized antenna, which comprises the following steps:
manufacturing a part of dielectric plate between the lower surface and the second plane;
manufacturing a part of the periodic leaky-wave structure on the second plane of the dielectric slab;
manufacturing a part of dielectric plate between the second plane and the first plane;
manufacturing another part of the periodic leaky-wave structure on the first plane of the dielectric slab;
manufacturing a part of dielectric plate between the first plane and the upper surface;
manufacturing a radiator on the upper surface of the dielectric slab;
manufacturing a feed structure; the feed structure penetrates through the dielectric plate, the feed structure is connected with the feed of the radiator, and the outer conductor part of the feed structure is connected with the floor.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the periodic leaky-wave structure of the circularly polarized antenna in the embodiment is a double-sided planar strip line, the periodic leaky-wave structure embedded in the dielectric slab can enable the dielectric slab to have anisotropy, even if the dielectric slab is isotropic, the dielectric slab can be integrally embodied as the anisotropy after the periodic leaky-wave structure is arranged, the periodic leaky-wave structure can excite a medium-amplitude orthogonal degenerate mode in the orthogonal direction, and when the resonant frequency of the antenna is in a leaky-wave working interval of the periodic leaky-wave structure, the antenna has a good circularly polarized characteristic, so that a smaller axial ratio and a smaller reflection coefficient are achieved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 and 2 are schematic structural diagrams of a circularly polarized antenna including a periodic leaky wave structure in an embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a reflection coefficient graph of a simulated antenna in an embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a radiation pattern of a simulated antenna in an embodiment;
FIG. 5 is an antenna polarization pattern of a circularly polarized antenna when a periodic leaky wave structure is not loaded in the simulation of the embodiment;
fig. 6 is a polarization pattern of a circularly polarized antenna with a periodically leaky-wave structure loaded in simulation in the embodiment.
Detailed Description
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the circular polarization antenna including the periodic leaky wave structure 4 includes a dielectric plate 1, a radiator 2, a floor 3, the periodic leaky wave structure 4, and a feed structure 5. Herein, the dielectric sheet 1 has an upper surface 103 and a lower surface 104, and specifically, "upper" and "lower" of the upper surface 103 and the lower surface 104 are used to distinguish the two surfaces, and there is no limitation that the upper surface 103 must face upward or the lower surface 104 must face downward.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the radiator 2 is disposed on the upper surface 103 of the dielectric board 1, and the floor 3 is disposed on the lower surface 104 of the dielectric board 1.
In this embodiment, the inside of the dielectric plate 1 has two imaginary planes, i.e., a first plane 101 and a second plane 102, and the first plane 101 and the second plane 102 are located between the upper surface 103 and the lower surface 104. The periodic leaky wave structure 4 includes a first portion and a second portion, and specifically, the first portion includes a plurality of sheet-like units, and the second portion also includes a plurality of sheet-like units. The mode that the periodic leaky-wave structure 4 is embedded in the first plane 101 and the second plane 102 inside the dielectric slab 1 specifically includes: as shown in fig. 2, the sheet-shaped elements in the first portion are distributed in a first periodicity on the first plane 101, and the sheet-shaped elements in the second portion are distributed in a second periodicity on the second plane 102. In fig. 2, the dielectric sheet 1 is virtually divided into three parts, one surface of the uppermost part is an upper surface 103, both surfaces of the middle part are a first plane 101 and a second plane 102, respectively, and one surface of the lowermost part is a lower surface 104. The sheet-like elements in the first portion are arranged in a first periodic distribution on the first plane 101, and one sheet-like element is arranged at the same distance in both the length direction and the width direction of the first plane 101. The sheet-like elements in the second portion are distributed in a second periodicity on the second plane 102, and one sheet-like element is arranged at the same distance in both the length direction and the width direction of the second plane 102.
In the present embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the sheet-like units in the first and second portions of the periodic leaky wave structure 4 are the same rectangle.
In this embodiment, the phase of the first periodic distribution is opposite to the phase of the second periodic distribution. Specifically, referring to fig. 2, the first part and the second part of the periodic leaky wave structure 4 are projected onto the same plane, then the position of the first part of the periodic leaky wave structure 4 where the sheet-shaped unit is arranged corresponds to the position of the second part of the periodic leaky wave structure 4 where no sheet-shaped unit is arranged, and the position of the first part of the periodic leaky wave structure 4 where no sheet-shaped unit is arranged corresponds to the position of the second part of the periodic leaky wave structure 4 where no sheet-shaped unit is arranged. In this way, the planar projection of the first portion and the planar projection of the second portion of the periodic leaky wave structure 4 form a rectangle, and in this embodiment, the size of the sheet-shaped unit is adjusted so that the rectangle formed by the planar projection of the first portion and the planar projection of the second portion of the periodic leaky wave structure 4 is the same as the size of the upper surface 103 or the lower surface 104, that is, the upper surface 103 or the lower surface 104 can be covered.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the distance between the upper surface 103 and the first plane 101, the distance between the first plane 101 and the second plane 102, and the distance between the second plane 102 and the lower surface 104 are equal, that is, the first portion and the second portion of the periodic leaky wave structure 4 are disposed on two trisection planes in the thickness direction of the dielectric slab 1.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the feed structure 5 passes through the dielectric plate 1, the feed structure 5 is in feed connection with the radiator 2, a feed point between the feed structure 5 and the radiator 2 is located on a central line of the radiator 2, an outer conductor portion of the feed structure 5 is connected with the floor 3, and the feed structure 5 is insulated from the periodic leaky wave structure 4. When the antenna is working, the feed mechanism feeds the radiator 2 and does not feed the periodic leaky wave structure 4.
In this embodiment, the radiator 2, the periodic leaky-wave structure 4, and the floor 3 are all made of metal, and the dielectric plate 1 is made of a solid dielectric material or a gas dielectric material. When the dielectric plate 1 is made of a solid dielectric material, the radiator 2, the periodic leaky wave structure 4 and the floor 3 may be fabricated on the upper surface 103, the lower surface 104, the first plane 101 and the second plane 102 by using electroplating or other processes, so that the radiator 2, the periodic leaky wave structure 4 and the floor 3 are in close contact with the surfaces of the upper surface 103, the lower surface 104, the first plane 101 and the second plane 102, respectively. When the dielectric plate 1 is made of a gas dielectric material and the gas dielectric is enclosed in a container, the radiator 2, the periodic leaky wave structure 4 and the floor 3 can be fabricated on the surface of the container by using a process such as adhesion.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the working principle of the circular polarization antenna in this embodiment is as follows: the periodic leaky-wave structure is a double-sided plane strip line, the periodic leaky-wave structure embedded in the dielectric slab can enable the dielectric slab to have anisotropy, even if the dielectric slab is isotropic, the anisotropy can be integrally embodied after the periodic leaky-wave structure is arranged, the periodic leaky-wave structure can excite a medium-amplitude orthogonal degenerate mode in the orthogonal direction, and when the resonant frequency of the antenna is in the leaky-wave working interval of the periodic leaky-wave structure, the antenna has a good circular polarization characteristic, so that a smaller axial ratio and a smaller reflection coefficient are achieved.
The method for manufacturing a circularly polarized antenna including a periodic leaky wave structure in the present embodiment includes the steps of:
s1, manufacturing a part of dielectric plate between the lower surface and a second plane;
s2, manufacturing a part of periodic leaky-wave structure on a second plane of the dielectric slab;
s3, manufacturing a part of dielectric plate between the second plane and the first plane;
s4, manufacturing another part of periodic leaky-wave structure on the first plane of the dielectric slab;
s5, manufacturing a part of dielectric plate between the first plane and the upper surface;
s6, manufacturing a radiator on the upper surface of the dielectric slab;
and S7, manufacturing a feed structure, wherein the feed structure penetrates through the dielectric plate, the feed structure is connected with the feed of the radiator, and the outer conductor part of the feed structure is connected with the floor.
The circular polarization antenna in the present embodiment can be manufactured by performing steps S1 to S7.
The circularly polarized antenna in this embodiment is simulated. Fig. 3 is a reflection coefficient graph of the simulated antenna operating in the 5.8GHz band, and fig. 4 is a radiation pattern of the simulated antenna operating in the 5.8GHz band. Fig. 5 is a polarization pattern of the antenna when the periodic leaky wave structure is not loaded, and fig. 6 is a polarization pattern of the circularly polarized antenna of the present embodiment.
As can be seen from fig. 3, 4, 5 and 6, due to the leaky wave characteristic of the periodic leaky wave structure of the two-sided parallel strip line two-dimensionally staggered rectangular sheet, the periodic structure is added in the dielectric plate, so that the antenna has good circular polarization characteristic when the resonant frequency of the antenna is in the leaky wave working interval of the periodic leaky wave structure, and the frequency point position of the antenna is determined by the periodic structure and the size of the rectangular sheet. In addition, the resonance characteristic, the axial ratio characteristic and the radiation pattern of the antenna are good. The antenna in this embodiment may be fabricated as a patch antenna.
It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, when a feature is referred to as being "fixed" or "connected" to another feature, it may be directly fixed or connected to the other feature or indirectly fixed or connected to the other feature. Furthermore, the descriptions of upper, lower, left, right, etc. used in the present disclosure are only relative to the mutual positional relationship of the constituent parts of the present disclosure in the drawings. As used in this disclosure, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In addition, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used in this example have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used in the description of the embodiments herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in this embodiment, the term "and/or" includes any combination of one or more of the associated listed items.
It will be understood that, although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element of the same type from another. For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and, similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. The use of any and all examples, or exemplary language ("e.g.," such as "or the like") provided with this embodiment is intended merely to better illuminate embodiments of the invention and does not pose a limitation on the scope of the invention unless otherwise claimed.
It should be recognized that embodiments of the present invention can be realized and implemented by computer hardware, a combination of hardware and software, or by computer instructions stored in a non-transitory computer readable memory. The methods may be implemented in a computer program using standard programming techniques, including a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium configured with the computer program, where the storage medium so configured causes a computer to operate in a specific and predefined manner, according to the methods and figures described in the detailed description. Each program may be implemented in a high level procedural or object oriented programming language to communicate with a computer system. However, the program(s) can be implemented in assembly or machine language, if desired. In any case, the language may be a compiled or interpreted language. Furthermore, the program can be run on a programmed application specific integrated circuit for this purpose.
Further, operations of processes described in this embodiment can be performed in any suitable order unless otherwise indicated herein or otherwise clearly contradicted by context. The processes described in this embodiment (or variations and/or combinations thereof) may be performed under the control of one or more computer systems configured with executable instructions, and may be implemented as code (e.g., executable instructions, one or more computer programs, or one or more applications) collectively executed on one or more processors, by hardware, or combinations thereof. The computer program includes a plurality of instructions executable by one or more processors.
Further, the method may be implemented in any type of computing platform operatively connected to a suitable interface, including but not limited to a personal computer, mini computer, mainframe, workstation, networked or distributed computing environment, separate or integrated computer platform, or in communication with a charged particle tool or other imaging device, and the like. Aspects of the invention may be embodied in machine-readable code stored on a non-transitory storage medium or device, whether removable or integrated into a computing platform, such as a hard disk, optically read and/or write storage medium, RAM, ROM, or the like, such that it may be read by a programmable computer, which when read by the storage medium or device, is operative to configure and operate the computer to perform the procedures described herein. Further, the machine-readable code, or portions thereof, may be transmitted over a wired or wireless network. The invention described in this embodiment includes these and other different types of non-transitory computer-readable storage media when such media include instructions or programs that implement the steps described above in conjunction with a microprocessor or other data processor. The invention also includes the computer itself when programmed according to the methods and techniques described herein.
A computer program can be applied to input data to perform the functions described in the present embodiment to convert the input data to generate output data that is stored to a non-volatile memory. The output information may also be applied to one or more output devices, such as a display. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the transformed data represents physical and tangible objects, including particular visual depictions of physical and tangible objects produced on a display.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention as long as the technical effects of the present invention are achieved by the same means. The invention is capable of other modifications and variations in its technical solution and/or its implementation, within the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A circularly polarized antenna comprising a periodic leaky wave structure, comprising:
a dielectric plate;
a radiator; the radiator is arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric slab;
a floor; the floor is arranged on the lower surface of the medium plate;
a periodic leaky wave structure; the periodic leaky wave structure is embedded in a first plane and a second plane inside the dielectric slab, and the first plane and the second plane are positioned between the upper surface and the lower surface;
a feed structure; the feed structure penetrates through the dielectric plate, the feed structure is in feed connection with the radiator, and the outer conductor part of the feed structure is connected with the floor;
the periodic leaky wave structure comprises a first part and a second part; the first part and the second part respectively comprise a plurality of sheet-shaped units, the sheet-shaped units in the first part are distributed on a first plane in a first periodicity mode, the sheet-shaped units in the second part are distributed on a second plane in a second periodicity mode, and the first plane and the second plane are both parallel to the upper surface or the lower surface;
when the first part and the second part are projected on the same plane, the position of the first part where the sheet-shaped unit is arranged corresponds to the position of the second part where the sheet-shaped unit is not arranged, and the position of the first part where the sheet-shaped unit is not arranged corresponds to the position of the second part where the sheet-shaped unit is arranged;
the planar projection of the first portion and the planar projection of the second portion form a rectangle that can cover the upper surface or the lower surface.
2. The circularly polarized antenna of claim 1, wherein each of the patch elements is identical and rectangular.
3. The circularly polarized antenna of claim 1, wherein the distance between the upper surface and the first plane, the distance between the first plane and the second plane, and the distance between the second plane and the lower surface are equal.
4. The circular polarization antenna of claim 1, wherein a feeding point between the feeding structure and the radiator is located on a center line of the radiator, and the feeding structure is insulated from the periodic leaky wave structure.
5. The circularly polarized antenna of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the radiator, the periodic leaky wave structure and the ground plane are made of metal.
6. A method of manufacturing a circularly polarized antenna comprising a periodic leaky wave structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising:
manufacturing a part of dielectric plate between the lower surface and the second plane;
manufacturing a part of the periodic leaky-wave structure on the second plane of the dielectric slab;
manufacturing a part of dielectric plate between the second plane and the first plane;
manufacturing another part of the periodic leaky-wave structure on the first plane of the dielectric slab;
manufacturing a part of dielectric plate between the first plane and the upper surface;
manufacturing a radiator on the upper surface of the dielectric slab;
manufacturing a feed structure; the feed structure penetrates through the dielectric plate, the feed structure is connected with the feed of the radiator, and the outer conductor part of the feed structure is connected with the floor.
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| CN202011205345.2A CN112563738B (en) | 2020-11-02 | 2020-11-02 | Circularly polarized antenna comprising periodic leaky-wave structure and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN112563738B true CN112563738B (en) | 2022-02-11 |
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| CN114843761B (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2023-03-24 | 南昌大学 | Airborne microwave radiometer antenna based on circular polarization |
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| EP2012173A3 (en) * | 2007-07-03 | 2009-12-09 | JDS Uniphase Corporation | Non-etched flat polarization-selective diffractive optical elements |
| CN101170217A (en) * | 2007-11-02 | 2008-04-30 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | 180 degree continuous space scanning compound left and right hand wave guide wave leakage antenna |
| CN101533960B (en) * | 2009-04-15 | 2012-07-25 | 东南大学 | Millimeter-wave four-polarized frequency scanning antenna |
| CN101577368A (en) * | 2009-06-10 | 2009-11-11 | 东南大学 | Straight elongated slot leaky-wave antenna of millimeter wave bent substrate integrated waveguide |
| CN102683838A (en) * | 2012-05-24 | 2012-09-19 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Composite right/left handed circularly-polarized electronically-scanning phase-control leaky wave antenna |
| MX346062B (en) * | 2012-07-26 | 2017-03-06 | Depuy Synthes Products Inc | Wide dynamic range using monochromatic sensor. |
| CN202917635U (en) * | 2012-09-07 | 2013-05-01 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Circularly-polarized electronically-scanning phased leaky-wave antenna |
| CN104409856B (en) * | 2014-12-25 | 2017-02-22 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Liquid-crystal fixed-frequency-scanning leaky-wave antenna based on single regulation and control mode |
| CN105006631B (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2017-11-03 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Automatically controlled zero scan wave guide wave leakage antenna excessively based on liquid crystal |
| CN105006656B (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2017-09-29 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Automatically controlled scanning wave guide wave leakage antenna based on liquid crystal |
| CN106571532B (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2019-10-15 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of substrate integrated waveguide leaky-wave antenna with circularly polarised wave beam scanning range |
| CN108365333A (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2018-08-03 | 佛山市顺德区中山大学研究院 | A kind of multifrequency antenna based on two-dimensional and periodic leaky wave structure |
| CN108346859A (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2018-07-31 | 东南大学 | A kind of small sized wide-band circular polarization microstrip antenna using artificial magnetic conductor |
| CN109742556B (en) * | 2019-01-23 | 2020-12-25 | 东南大学 | Broadband circularly polarized millimeter wave multi-feed-source multi-beam lens antenna |
| CN110085989A (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2019-08-02 | 南京邮电大学 | A kind of Yagi spark gap leaky-wave antenna based on artificial surface phasmon |
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