CN104407480B - 像素结构及具有该像素结构的液晶显示面板 - Google Patents

像素结构及具有该像素结构的液晶显示面板 Download PDF

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CN104407480B
CN104407480B CN201410619220.2A CN201410619220A CN104407480B CN 104407480 B CN104407480 B CN 104407480B CN 201410619220 A CN201410619220 A CN 201410619220A CN 104407480 B CN104407480 B CN 104407480B
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CN104407480A (zh
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于承忠
陈雅惠
陈孝贤
李泳锐
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TCL China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Shenzhen China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
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    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
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    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
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Abstract

本发明提供一种像素结构及具有该像素结构的液晶显示面板。该像素结构包括多个呈阵列式排布的像素单元(1),每一像素单元(1)中的红色子像素(11)、绿色子像素(12)、与蓝色子像素(13)呈窗口状排布,所述红色子像素(11)与蓝色子像素(13)沿竖直方向排成一列,所述绿色子像素(12)自成一列,且所述绿色子像素(12)的面积大于或等于红色子像素(11)与蓝色子像素(13)的面积之和;所述红色子像素(11)、绿色子像素(12)、与蓝色子像素(13)的外围设置有黑色矩阵(4)。该像素结构能够减少黑色矩阵(4)占用的面积,增大绿色子像素(12)的面积,提高开口率及透光率,提升显示效果。

Description

像素结构及具有该像素结构的液晶显示面板
技术领域
本发明涉及显示技术领域,尤其涉及一种像素结构及具有该像素结构的液晶显示面板。
背景技术
液晶显示器(Liquid Crystal Display,LCD)具有机身薄、省电、无辐射等众多优点,得到了广泛的应用,如:液晶电视、移动电话、个人数字助理(PDA)、数字相机、计算机屏幕或笔记本电脑屏幕等,在平板显示领域中占主导地位。
现有市场上的液晶显示器大部分为背光型液晶显示器,其包括壳体、设于壳体内的液晶显示面板及设于壳体内的背光模组。液晶显示面板是液晶显示器的主要组件,但液晶显示面板本身不发光,需要借由背光模组提供的光源来正常显示影像。
目前主流的液晶显示面板是由一片薄膜晶体管阵列基板(Thin Film TransistorArray Substrate,TFT Array Substrate)与一片彩色滤光片(Color Filter,CF)基板贴合而成,且在TFT基板与CF基板之间灌入液晶。通过通电与否来控制液晶分子改变方向,将背光模组的光线折射出来产生画面。
其中,CF基板一侧具有多个呈阵列式排布的像素单元,每一像素单元包括红色子像素、绿色子像素、蓝色子像素,黑色矩阵(Black Matrix,BM)分布于每一子像素的外围,用于遮光。CF基板上对应于红、绿、蓝三色的光阻区以及对应于黑色矩阵的遮光区的面积大小直接影响液晶显示器的开口率和对比度,从而影响液晶显示器整体的显示质量。开口率是液晶显示面板的一个重要的参数,指的是液晶显示面板的有效透光区域与全部面积的比例。当光线经由背光模组发射出来时,并不是所有的光线都能穿过液晶显示面板:对于TFT基板而言,液晶显示面板源极驱动芯片及栅极驱动芯片所用的信号走线与TFT本身,还有储存电压用的储存电容等,这些地方除了不完全透光外,经过这些地方的光线并不受电压的控制,所以需要利用黑色矩阵加以遮蔽;对于CF基板而言,透光区主要为红、绿、蓝子像素对应的光阻区,而黑色矩阵则为遮光区,主要是用来防止各子像素红、绿、蓝光阻的混色,以提高面板的对比值。
如图1、图2所示,传统液晶显示面板的CF基板一侧将一个像素单元中的红色子像素100、绿色子像素200、蓝色子像素300设计成同样大小,所述红色子像素100、绿色子像素200、蓝色子像素300各成一列,并依次并行排列,形成三条状分布,黑色矩阵400分布于每一子像素的外围。这种像素结构由于黑色矩阵400占用的面积较大,导致液晶显示面板的开口率与透光率较低。
考虑到TFT基板与CF基板的对组,如果合理的设计好TFT基板侧的各信号走线及CF基板侧各子像素的布局,可以减少黑色矩阵的遮光区面积,从而提高液晶显示面板的开口率与透光率,只要提高开口率,便可以增加亮度,节省耗电及花费。此外在CF基板中由于红、绿、蓝子像素分别对应的光阻透光率不相同,如果增大透光率较高的绿色子像素的面积,而减小透光率较低的红、蓝子像素的面积,同样可以达到提高透光率的效果。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种像素结构,能够减少黑色矩阵占用的面积,增大绿色子像素的面积,提高开口率及透光率,提升显示效果。
本发明的目的还在于提供一种液晶显示面板,能够减少黑色矩阵占用的面积,增大绿色子像素的面积,提高开口率及透光率,从而提升液晶显示面板整体的显示效果,并使显示画面质感更细腻。
为实现上述目的,本发明首先提供一种像素结构,包括多个呈阵列式排布的像素单元,每一像素单元包括一红色子像素、一绿色子像素、及一蓝色子像素;每一像素单元中,所述红色子像素、绿色子像素、与蓝色子像素呈窗口状排布,所述红色子像素与蓝色子像素沿竖直方向排成一列,所述绿色子像素自成一列,且所述绿色子像素的面积大于或等于红色子像素与蓝色子像素的面积之和;所述红色子像素、绿色子像素、与蓝色子像素的外围设置有黑色矩阵。
每一像素单元中,所述红色子像素、绿色子像素、与蓝色子像素均为矩形;所述绿色子像素沿竖直方向的长度大于或等于红色子像素与蓝色子像素沿竖直方向的长度之和,所述绿色子像素沿水平方向的宽度大于或等于红色子像素或蓝色子像素沿水平方向的宽度。
所述红色子像素与蓝色子像素沿水平方向的宽度相等,所述红色子像素与蓝色子像素的面积相等。
每一像素单元中,所述绿色子像素位于该像素单元的左侧,所述红色子像素与蓝色子像素位于该像素单元的右侧。
每一像素单元中,所述红色子像素位于蓝色子像素的上方。
本发明还提供一种液晶显示面板,包括相对贴合的TFT基板与CF基板、及设于所述TFT基板与CF基板之间的液晶层;所述CF基板一侧具有多个呈阵列式排布的像素单元,每一像素单元包括一红色子像素、一绿色子像素、及一蓝色子像素;每一像素单元中,所述红色子像素、绿色子像素、与蓝色子像素呈窗口状排布,所述红色子像素与蓝色子像素沿竖直方向排成一列,所述绿色子像素自成一列,且所述绿色子像素的面积大于或等于红色子像素与蓝色子像素的面积之和;所述红色子像素、绿色子像素、与蓝色子像素的外围设置有黑色矩阵;
所述TFT基板一侧具有多条沿水平方向延伸的扫描线、多条沿竖直方向延伸的数据线、与多个薄膜晶体管;所述绿色子像素对应位于相邻两条扫描线与相邻两条数据线交叉限定出来的区域;所述红色子像素与蓝色子像素对应位于相邻两条扫描线与相邻两条数据线交叉限定出来的区域;一个薄膜晶体管对应将一个绿色子像素或红色子像素或蓝色子像素电性连接于相应的扫描线及数据线;位于左右相邻的两个像素单元之间的数据线供其中一个子像素单元的绿色子像素与另一像素单元的红色子像素或蓝色子像素共用。
每一像素单元中,所述红色子像素、绿色子像素、与蓝色子像素均为矩形;所述绿色子像素沿竖直方向的长度大于或等于红色子像素与蓝色子像素沿竖直方向的长度之和,所述绿色子像素沿水平方向的宽度大于或等于红色子像素或蓝色子像素沿水平方向的宽度。
所述红色子像素与蓝色子像素沿水平方向的宽度相等,所述红色子像素与蓝色子像素的面积相等。
每一像素单元中,所述绿色子像素位于该像素单元的左侧,所述红色子像素与蓝色子像素位于该像素单元的右侧。
每一像素单元中,所述红色子像素位于蓝色子像素的上方。
本发明的有益效果:本发明提供的一种像素结构及具有该像素结构的液晶显示面板,将每一像素单元中的红色子像素、绿色子像素、与蓝色子像素设置为窗口状排布,所述红色子像素与蓝色子像素沿竖直方向排成一列,所述绿色子像素自成一列,并设置绿色子像素的面积为最大,一方面减少了黑色矩阵占用的面积,增大了透光区的面积,提高了开口率与透光率,一方面增大了透光率较高的绿色子像素的面积,从而进一步提高透光率,降低背光源的成本,提升液晶显示面板整体的显示效果,另外各子像素呈窗口状排布还能改善传统子像素并行排列引起的条状感显示缺陷,使显示画面质感更细腻。
附图说明
下面结合附图,通过对本发明的具体实施方式详细描述,将使本发明的技术方案及其他有益效果显而易见。
附图中,
图1为传统液晶显示面板中单个像素单元的子像素排布示意图;
图2为传统液晶显示面板中多个像素单元的排布示意图;
图3为本发明的像素结构中单个像素单元的子像素排布示意图;
图4为本发明的像素结构中多个像素单元的排布示意图;
图5为本发明具有该像素结构的液晶显示面板的TFT基板一侧的走线布局示意图。
具体实施方式
为更进一步阐述本发明所采取的技术手段及其效果,以下结合本发明的优选实施例及其附图进行详细描述。
本发明首先提供一种像素结构,如图3、图4所示,该像素结构包括多个呈阵列式排布的像素单元1,每一像素单元1包括一红色子像素11、一绿色子像素12、及一蓝色子像素13;每一像素单元1中,所述红色子像素11、绿色子像素12、与蓝色子像素13呈窗口状排布,所述红色子像素11与蓝色子像素13沿竖直方向排成一列,所述绿色子像素12自成一列,且所述绿色子像素12的面积大于或等于红色子像素11与蓝色子像素13的面积之和;所述红色子像素11、绿色子像素12、与蓝色子像素13的外围设置有黑色矩阵4。
具体的,每一像素单元1中,所述红色子像素11、绿色子像素12、与蓝色子像素13均为矩形;所述绿色子像素12沿竖直方向的长度大于或等于红色子像素11与蓝色子像素13沿竖直方向的长度之和,所述绿色子像素12沿水平方向的宽度大于或等于红色子像素11或蓝色子像素13沿水平方向的宽度。所述红色子像素11与蓝色子像素13沿水平方向的宽度相等,所述红色子像素11与蓝色子像素13的面积相等。
图3、图4示意出了在每一像素单元1中,所述绿色子像素12位于该像素单元1的左侧,所述红色子像素11与蓝色子像素13位于该像素单元1的右侧。当然,也可将绿色子像素12设置于该像素单元1的右侧,而将所述红色子像素11与蓝色子像素13设置于该像素单元1的左侧,同样可以满足红色子像素11、绿色子像素12、与蓝色子像素13呈窗口状排布。
图3、图4示意出了在每一像素单元1中,所述红色子像素11位于蓝色子像素13的上方。当然,也可将所述蓝色子像素13设置于红色子像素11的上方,同样可以满足所述红色子像素11与蓝色子像素13沿竖直方向排成一列。
本发明的像素结构可以减少黑色矩阵4占用的遮光区面积,增大透光区的面积,提高开口率与透光率,同时由于透光率较高的绿色子像素所占的面积最大,能够进一步提高透光率。
如图3所示,设每一像素单元1沿竖直方向的长度及沿水平方向的宽度均为500um,黑色矩阵4的宽度w’为20um,在绿色子像素12沿竖直方向的长度近似等于红色子像素11与蓝色子像素13沿竖直方向的长度之和,绿色子像素12沿水平方向的宽度等于红色子像素11及蓝色子像素13沿水平方向的宽度的情况下,除去黑色矩阵4位于整个像素单元1外围的边框部分,位于整个像素单元1内部的黑色矩阵4的总长度为:
h1’+h2’=(500-20×2)+(500-20×3)/2=460+220=680um
在整个像素单元1内部,红色子像素11、绿色子像素12、与蓝色子像素13的面积关系近似为1:2:1,即透光率较高的绿色子像素12所占的面积最大,设红色子像素11的亮度为17、绿色子像素12的亮度为58、蓝色子像素13的亮度为10,则整个像素单元1的亮度为:
1/4×17+2/4×58+1/4×10=47.6
与图1所示的传统子像素的排布方式比较,同样设每一传统像素单元沿竖直方向的长度及沿水平方向的宽度均为500um,黑色矩阵4的宽度w为20um,由于呈三条状分布的红色子像素100、绿色子像素200、蓝色子像素300为同样大小,除去黑色矩阵400位于整个传统像素单元外围的边框部分,位于整个传统像素单元内部的黑色矩阵400的总长度为:
h1+h2=(500-20×2)+(500-20×2)=460+460=920um
本发明的像素结构使黑色矩阵的长度较传统技术减少了:
(920-680)/920=26%
黑色矩阵的长度减少的部分即为开口率增加的部分,达到了提高开口率和透光率的效果。
在整个传统像素单元内部,红色子像素100、绿色子像素200、与蓝色子像素300的面积关系为1:1:1,同样设红色子像素100的亮度为17、绿色子像素200的亮度为58、蓝色子像素300的亮度为10,则整个传统像素单元的亮度为:
1/3×17+1/3×58+1/3×10=28.3
本发明的像素结构使一个像素单元的亮度较传统技术提高了:
(47.6-28.3)/28.3=62.8%
亮度提高的部分即为光线穿透率提高的部分,从而进一步提高了透光率。
另外,传统的红色子像素100、绿色子像素200、蓝色子像素300呈三条状并行排列,在显示画面时会引起条状感显示缺陷,而本发明的像素结构中所述红色子像素11、绿色子像素12、蓝色子像素13呈窗口状排布能够改善条状感显示缺陷,使显示画面更细腻。
在上述像素结构的基础上,本发明还提供一种具有该像素结构的液晶显示面板,包括相对贴合的TFT基板与CF基板、及设于所述TFT基板与CF基板之间的液晶层。
请同时参阅图3至图5,所述CF基板一侧具有多个呈阵列式排布的像素单元1,每一像素单元1包括一红色子像素11、一绿色子像素12、及一蓝色子像素13;每一像素单元1中,所述红色子像素11、绿色子像素12、与蓝色子像素13呈窗口状排布,所述红色子像素11与蓝色子像素13沿竖直方向排成一列,所述绿色子像素12自成一列,且所述绿色子像素12的面积大于或等于红色子像素11与蓝色子像素13的面积之和;所述红色子像素11、绿色子像素12、与蓝色子像素13的外围设置有黑色矩阵4。
所述TFT基板一侧具有多条沿水平方向延伸的扫描线5、多条沿水平方向延伸的数据线7、与多个薄膜晶体管9;所述绿色子像素12对应位于相邻两条扫描线5与相邻两条数据线7交叉限定出来的区域;所述红色子像素11与蓝色子像素13对应位于相邻两条扫描线5与相邻两条数据线7交叉限定出来的区域;一个薄膜晶体管9对应将一个绿色子像素12或红色子像素11或蓝色子像素13电性连接于相应的扫描线5及数据线7;位于左右相邻的两个像素单元1之间的数据线7供其中一个子像素单元1的绿色子像素12与另一像素单元1的红色子像素11(当红色子像素11位于蓝色子像素下方时)或蓝色子像素13(当红色子像素11位于蓝色子像素上方时)共用。这样的走线布局既适应CF基板一侧子像素的排布方式,又能够节省数据线7的数量。
具体的,每一像素单元1中,所述红色子像素11、绿色子像素12、与蓝色子像素13均为矩形;所述绿色子像素12沿竖直方向的长度大于或等于红色子像素11与蓝色子像素13沿竖直方向的长度之和,所述绿色子像素12沿水平方向的宽度大于或等于红色子像素11或蓝色子像素13沿水平方向的宽度。所述红色子像素11与蓝色子像素13沿水平方向的宽度相等,所述红色子像素11与蓝色子像素13的面积相等。
图3、图4示意出了在每一像素单元1中,所述绿色子像素12位于该像素单元1的左侧,所述红色子像素11与蓝色子像素13位于该像素单元1的右侧。当然,也可将绿色子像素12设置于该像素单元1的右侧,而将所述红色子像素11与蓝色子像素13设置于该像素单元1的左侧,同样可以满足红色子像素11、绿色子像素12、与蓝色子像素13呈窗口状排布。
图3、图4示意出了在每一像素单元1中,所述红色子像素11位于蓝色子像素13的上方。当然,也可将所述蓝色子像素13设置于红色子像素11的上方,同样可以满足所述红色子像素11与蓝色子像素13沿竖直方向排成一列。
本发明的液晶显示面板一方面可以减少黑色矩阵4占用的遮光区面积,增大透光区的面积,提高开口率与透光率,一方面增大了透光率较高的绿色子像素12的面积,从而进一步提高透光率,降低背光源的成本,提升液晶显示面板整体的显示效果,另外所述红色子像素11、绿色子像素12、与蓝色子像素13呈窗口状排布还能改善传统子像素并行排列引起的条状感显示缺陷,使显示画面质感更细腻。
综上所述,本发明的像素结构及具有该像素结构的液晶显示面板,将每一像素单元中的红色子像素、绿色子像素、与蓝色子像素设置为窗口状排布,所述红色子像素与蓝色子像素沿竖直方向排成一列,所述绿色子像素自成一列,并设置绿色子像素的面积为最大,一方面减少了黑色矩阵占用的面积,增大了透光区的面积,提高了开口率与透光率,一方面增大了透光率较高的绿色子像素的面积,从而进一步提高透光率,降低背光源的成本,提升液晶显示面板整体的显示效果,另外各子像素呈窗口状排布还能改善传统子像素并行排列引起的条状感显示缺陷,使显示画面质感更细腻。
以上所述,对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,可以根据本发明的技术方案和技术构思作出其他各种相应的改变和变形,而所有这些改变和变形都应属于本发明后附的权利要求的保护范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种像素结构,其特征在于,包括多个呈阵列式排布的像素单元(1),每一像素单元(1)包括一红色子像素(11)、一绿色子像素(12)、及一蓝色子像素(13);每一像素单元(1)中,所述红色子像素(11)、绿色子像素(12)、与蓝色子像素(13)呈窗口状排布,所述红色子像素(11)与蓝色子像素(13)沿竖直方向排成一列,所述绿色子像素(12)自成一列,且所述绿色子像素(12)的面积大于或等于红色子像素(11)与蓝色子像素(13)的面积之和;所述红色子像素(11)、绿色子像素(12)、与蓝色子像素(13)的外围设置有黑色矩阵(4)。
2.如权利要求1所述的像素结构,其特征在于,每一像素单元(1)中,所述红色子像素(11)、绿色子像素(12)、与蓝色子像素(13)均为矩形;所述绿色子像素(12)沿竖直方向的长度大于或等于红色子像素(11)与蓝色子像素(13)沿竖直方向的长度之和,所述绿色子像素(12)沿水平方向的宽度大于或等于红色子像素(11)或蓝色子像素(13)沿水平方向的宽度。
3.如权利要求2所述的像素结构,其特征在于,所述红色子像素(11)与蓝色子像素(13)沿水平方向的宽度相等,所述红色子像素(11)与蓝色子像素(13)的面积相等。
4.如权利要求1所述的像素结构,其特征在于,每一像素单元(1)中,所述绿色子像素(12)位于该像素单元(1)的左侧,所述红色子像素(11)与蓝色子像素(13)位于该像素单元(1)的右侧。
5.如权利要求4所述的像素结构,其特征在于,每一像素单元(1)中,所述红色子像素(11)位于蓝色子像素(13)的上方。
6.一种液晶显示面板,包括相对贴合的TFT基板与CF基板、及设于所述TFT基板与CF基板之间的液晶层,其特征在于,所述CF基板一侧具有多个呈阵列式排布的像素单元(1),每一像素单元(1)包括一红色子像素(11)、一绿色子像素(12)、及一蓝色子像素(13);每一像素单元(1)中,所述红色子像素(11)、绿色子像素(12)、与蓝色子像素(13)呈窗口状排布,所述红色子像素(11)与蓝色子像素(13)沿竖直方向排成一列,所述绿色子像素(12)自成一列,且所述绿色子像素(12)的面积大于或等于红色子像素(11)与蓝色子像素(13)的面积之和;所述红色子像素(11)、绿色子像素(12)、与蓝色子像素(13)的外围设置有黑色矩阵(4);
所述TFT基板一侧具有多条沿水平方向延伸的扫描线(5)、多条沿水平方向延伸的数据线(7)、与多个薄膜晶体管(9);所述绿色子像素(12)对应位于相邻两条扫描线(5)与相邻两条数据线(7)交叉限定出来的区域;所述红色子像素(11)与蓝色子像素(13)对应位于相邻两条扫描线(5)与相邻两条数据线(7)交叉限定出来的区域;一个薄膜晶体管(9)对应将一个绿色子像素(12)或红色子像素(11)或蓝色子像素(13)电性连接于相应的扫描线(5)及数据线(7);位于左右相邻的两个像素单元(1)之间的数据线(7)供其中一个子像素单元(1)的绿色子像素(12)与另一像素单元(1)的红色子像素(11)或蓝色子像素(13)共用。
7.如权利要求6所述的液晶显示面板,其特征在于,每一像素单元(1)中,所述红色子像素(11)、绿色子像素(12)、与蓝色子像素(13)均为矩形;所述绿色子像素(12)沿竖直方向的长度大于或等于红色子像素(11)与蓝色子像素(13)沿竖直方向的长度之和,所述绿色子像素(12)沿水平方向的宽度大于或等于红色子像素(11)或蓝色子像素(13)沿水平方向的宽度。
8.如权利要求7所述的液晶显示面板,其特征在于,所述红色子像素(11)与蓝色子像素(13)沿水平方向的宽度相等,所述红色子像素(11)与蓝色子像素(13)的面积相等。
9.如权利要求6所述的液晶显示面板,其特征在于,每一像素单元(1)中,所述绿色子像素(12)位于该像素单元(1)的左侧,所述红色子像素(11)与蓝色子像素(13)位于该像素单元(1)的右侧。
10.如权利要求9所述的液晶显示面板,其特征在于,每一像素单元(1)中,所述红色子像素(11)位于蓝色子像素(13)的上方。
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