CN104406900A - Metal tube structure-based fiber grating corrosion sensor and monitoring method thereof - Google Patents

Metal tube structure-based fiber grating corrosion sensor and monitoring method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104406900A
CN104406900A CN201410616692.2A CN201410616692A CN104406900A CN 104406900 A CN104406900 A CN 104406900A CN 201410616692 A CN201410616692 A CN 201410616692A CN 104406900 A CN104406900 A CN 104406900A
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metal tube
fiber grating
corrosion
grating
optical fiber
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CN201410616692.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
曾捷
王博
张俊
曹亮
毛超群
张钰珏
刘苏州
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Priority to CN201410616692.2A priority Critical patent/CN104406900A/en
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Abstract

The invention relates to a metal tube structure-based fiber grating corrosion sensor and a monitoring method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of measurement. The sensor is used for monitoring the corrosion condition of a metal structure in acidic and alkaline environment. A making method of the sensor comprises the following steps: a sensing fiber grating penetrates through the inside of a metal tube, a certain size of pre-tension is applied to the sensing fiber grating, and two ends of the sensing fiber grating are respectively fixed to two ends of the metal tube; and one side of the sensing fiber grating is serially connected to a temperature compensating fiber grating, and the temperature compensating fiber grating is freely disposed in the metal tube to be in an unweighted state, and is positioned in a same temperature field together with the sensing fiber grating. The wall of the metal tube gradually becomes thin with the depth of the corrosion degree of the metal tube, so the compressed degree of the metal tube gradually increases, and the grating period of the fiber grating gradually decreases, thereby the center wavelength of the fiber grating gradually deflects. The strain response characteristic of the fiber grating sensor is combined to monitor the corrosion degree of the metal material.

Description

Based on Optical Fiber Grating Corrosion Sensors and the monitoring method of metal pipe structure
Technical field
The present invention relates to sensory field of optic fibre, particularly monitor the fiber-optic grating sensor of aerospace structure, bridge, high-rise building thing metallic material corrosion situation.
Background technology
Metal erosion is a very long process, especially close to or detect the particularly difficulty become when exceeding serviceable life, corrosion detective is required of the instruction providing some corrosion conditions under the prerequisite not destroying metal construction, thus is beneficial to early warning, so that safeguard, reduce the loss.Traditional corrosion monitoring process, as machinery (mechanics) experiment etc. is sent out in ocular estimate, sampling, exist reliability low, destroy the shortcomings such as structure, monitored area be little.And optical fiber grating sensor has that detection sensitivity is high, quality is light, anti-interference, corrosion-resistant, the particular advantages such as remote measurement can be realized, the shortcoming existing for classic method can be overcome preferably based on fiber grating design corrosion sensor.By the remote measurement of fiber grating, corrosion monitoring can be realized by safety and nondestructive.The appearance of Optical Fiber Grating Corrosion Sensors allows the health monitoring and evaluation of building or Large Scale Mechanical Structure, and more scientific and effective is reasonable, greatly ensure that their security.Just need not change if monitoring result meets security needs, this serviceable life also just directly extending them, effectively reduce the waste of resource, have great meaning to the guarantee of personal security, expanding economy.
The research of Optical Fiber Grating Corrosion Sensors has had certain progress in recent years.Zhao two has just waited people's (a kind of novel Optical Fiber Grating Corrosion Sensors, Chinese patent 20112047161.5, (2010.10.20 is open)) to propose a kind of fiber-optic grating sensor utilizing U-shaped spring to monitor metallic material corrosion.By U-shaped spring, grating is loaded in this method, thus monitoring corrosion.This packaging technology requires low, and sensitivity is higher, but its volume is bigger than normal, not easily installs, and is not suitable for realizing the corrosion monitoring to the narrower physical construction in space.The people such as Hu Wenbin (a kind of monitoring method of the rust etching of grating metal based on plated with sensitive film and sensor thereof, Chinese patent 201010201763.4 (2012.01.18 is open)) propose a kind of Optical Fiber Grating Corrosion Sensors of metal-coated membrane outside grating, the change of the raster center wavelength caused by the corrosion of monitoring metal film detects the corrosion condition of metal material.This encapsulation volume is less, but plated film processing technology requires relatively high, and is limited to cylinder coating film thickness and uniformity requirement, and its measurement range and precision are restricted, and are not suitable for long-term corrosion monitoring.
In order to overcome the deficiency of above-mentioned existing sensor, the present invention propose a kind of Optical Fiber Grating Corrosion Sensors based on metal pipe structure encapsulation and and preparation method thereof.This encapsulation adopts metal pipe structure, the advantage of this structural design is: not only may be used for experiencing extraneous corrosion environment factor to the impact of itself structural mechanical property, and corrosion monitoring fiber grating sensitive element and the temperature compensation fiber grating sensitive element that can also ensure to be in its inside can not by the impacts of corrosion environment.
The effect of metal pipe structure corrosion-susceptible encapsulation is: can pass to sensor fibre grating by because corroding the structural behaviour slight change caused on the one hand, sensing grating can also be protected directly not contact with corrosion environment at observation process with temperature compensation grating on the other hand.Whole sensor-packaging structure small volume, manufacture craft is simple, is suitable for the long term monitoring of metal corrosion condition.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide and a kind ofly make simple, highly sensitive, that volume the is tiny metal erosion sensor based on fiber grating.
Technical scheme of the present invention:
Based on an Optical Fiber Grating Corrosion Sensors for metal pipe structure, it is characterized in that: comprise metal tube, be carved with the optical fiber of corrosion sensing grating and temperature compensation grating; Wherein temperature compensation grating is positioned at the second end of optical fiber; Wherein corroding sensing grating is packaged in metal tube by two ends firmly beforehand means, and the first end of optical fiber stretches out metal tube first end as the link with (FBG) demodulator; Turn back from metal tube first end again after second end of optical fiber stretches out metal tube first end and enter metal tube, namely make temperature compensation grating fix other end free way by one end and be packaged in metal tube.
The described Optical Fiber Grating Corrosion Sensors based on metal pipe structure, is characterized in that: described metal tube two ends have notch recess structure, this structure extension epoxy resin contact area, strengthens the cementability of both glue joints.
Above-mentioned Optical Fiber Grating Corrosion Sensors encapsulation adopts metal pipe structure, the advantage of this structural design is: not only may be used for experiencing extraneous corrosion environment factor to the impact of itself structural mechanical property, and corrosion monitoring fiber grating sensitive element and the temperature compensation fiber grating sensitive element that can also ensure to be in its inside can not by the impacts of corrosion environment.
The above-mentioned encapsulation of the Optical Fiber Grating Corrosion Sensors based on metal pipe structure feature is: for obtaining temperature compensation information accurately, temperature compensation optical fiber grating is packaged in metal tube inside together.Different from corrosion sensor fibre grating, temperature compensation optical fiber grating is Shi Hanzhang not, and keeps one end to be free state, to avoid temperature strain cross sensitivity problem.
The above-mentioned Optical Fiber Grating Corrosion Sensors based on metal pipe structure encapsulates; it is characterized in that: when corrosion sensor fibre grating two ends and metal tube two ends are gluedd joint; the outside coating silicon rubber of epoxy resin for glueing joint, does not loosen by the impact of extraneous corrosion environment to protect adhesive spots.
Above-mentioned fiber grating metal erosion Sensor monitoring method comprises following characteristics:
Temperature compensation optical fiber grating and corrosion sensor fibre grating are put in corrosion environment during monitoring corrosion, fiber grating is connected with wavelength demodulation device simultaneously.Along with extent of corrosion is deepened, metal tube tube wall is thinning gradually, causes corrosion sensing grating central wavelength lambda areduce gradually.The parameter affecting metal tube variation in thickness comprises:
R＝f(F,Δλ A-Δλ B,P ε,E,r)
Wherein: R is metal tube external diameter, r is metal tube internal diameter, and F preloads added by grating, P εfor being optical fiber valid elastic-optic constants, be constant, λ afor the centre wavelength of corrosion sensing grating before putting into etchant solution, Δ λ afor the center wavelength variation amount that corrosion sensing grating causes, Δ λ bfor the center wavelength variation amount that temperature compensation grating causes, E is metal tube elastic modulus.λ a, Δ λ a, Δ λ brecorded by (FBG) demodulator.
The same material Monitoring Corrosion method of the Optical Fiber Grating Corrosion Sensors based on metal pipe structure described in utilization, is characterized in that comprising following process:
Step 1, carry out the demarcation about raster center wavelength shift and metal tube wall erosion Degree of Accord Relation to sensor, detailed process is as follows:
Step 1-1, choose a metal tube consistent with metal tube in Optical Fiber Grating Corrosion Sensors to be calibrated, its two ends are encapsulated, manages as a comparison;
Step 1-2, Optical Fiber Grating Corrosion Sensors to be calibrated and contrast pipe are put into etchant solution simultaneously, the change of monitoring contrast pipe radius, and the change of the fiber optic wavelength of Optical Fiber Grating Corrosion Sensors to be calibrated;
Step 1-3, make Δ λ a-Δ λ bwith the relation curve of R;
Wherein Δ λ a-Δ λ bobtained by treating the monitoring of demarcating Optical Fiber Grating Corrosion Sensors by (FBG) demodulator;
Wherein R is by obtaining the measurement of contrast pipe;
Wherein R=f (F, Δ λ a-Δ λ b, P ε, E, r) and relation.
Step 2, calibrated Optical Fiber Grating Corrosion Sensors is placed in corrosion environment, utilizes Δ λ a-Δ λ bwith the relation curve of R, monitor it with material corrosion of metal degree.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, adopt and temperature compensation optical fiber grating and corrosion sensor fibre gratings in series structure are eliminated temperature factor impact; Adopt this kind of encapsulating structure, isolated external disturbance is on the impact of corrosion sensor internal optical fiber grating sensing element; This kind of encapsulating structure is simple, stable performance, highly sensitive, manufacture craft is simple, volume is tiny; Adopt fiber-optic grating sensor not to be subject to electromagnetic interference (EMI), functional reliability is good.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is fiber grating metal erosion sensor monitoring overall construction drawing;
Accompanying drawing 2 is fiber grating metal tube encapsulating structure sectional views;
Accompanying drawing 3 is metal pipe structure figure;
Number in the figure title: 1----corrodes sensing grating; 2---metal tube; 3---temperature compensation grating; 4---epoxy resin; 5---grating wavelength (FBG) demodulator; 6----silicon rubber; 7----optical fiber; 8----metal pipe-wall; 9----fiber grating fibre core; 10----notch recess.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, invention is further described:
Metal erosion sensor operating principles based on fiber grating is as follows:
The metal tube being equipped with corrosion sensor fibre grating 1 and temperature compensation optical fiber grating 3 in Fig. 1 is put into corrosion environment.When metal tube, to be corroded tube wall thinning, causes compression degree suffered by metal tube to increase gradually, and this process causes fiber bragg grating center wavelength to occur progressively to offset.
For convenience of fixed fiber grating, and avoid epoxy resin to have influence on grid region, adopt metal thin tube structure, metal thin tube Design of length is 4 times of fiber grating grid region used length.Consider corrosion monitoring scope and sensitivity requirement, metal thin tube thickness is designed to 1-2mm.
Silica fibre elastic modulus E 1=0.69Gp a, strain sensitivity is k=0.78 ε=1.2 (pm/u ε).Single-mode fiber grating diameter D=125um is 2000pm because ordinary optic fibre grating can bear center of maximum wavelength shift, is greater than 2000pm and easily makes grating pull damage, even rupture.Therefore Selection Center wavelength 1000pm be changed to benchmark as loading prestressed reference quantity, the in prediction on such basis size of loading force.
According to fiber grating strain sensitivity can make raster center wavelength occur 1000pm change microstrain occurs is ε=1000k/0.78, so imposed load F=E 1ε S=π D 2* E 1ε/4.
Aluminium-alloy pipe elastic modulus is E=72Gp a, external diameter R, internal diameter r, length l=4 × 10 -2m.
Aluminium-alloy pipe cross-sectional area S=π (R 2-r 2), can be obtained by the mechanics of materials:
σ = F S , ϵ = σ E = F π ( R 2 - r 2 ) E - - - ( 1 )
σ represents stress suffered by aluminum pipe, and ε represents the microstrain that aluminum pipe occurs.
From coupled mode theory, the Bragg centre wavelength of fiber grating is:
λ A＝2n effΛ (2)
In formula: n efffor effective refractive index; Λ is screen periods.
Sensing grating central wavelength lambda awith n effwith the change of Λ and changing, remove temperature compensation raster center wavelength variable quantity Δ λ b, the center wavelength variation amount caused by actual corrosion factor is Δ λ a-Δ λ b, n effrelevant with temperature with strain with the change of Λ.Bragg grating wavelength changes delta λ and aluminium-alloy pipe strain stress relation as follows:
Δλ A - Δλ B λ A = ( 1 - p ϵ ) ϵ - - - ( 3 )
According to above analysis, the factor that can obtain affecting aluminium-alloy pipe variation in thickness comprises:
R＝f(F,Δλ A,Δλ B,P ε,E,r) (4)
Along with aluminium-alloy pipe extent of corrosion is deepened, aluminium alloy tube wall is thinning gradually, causes compression degree suffered by aluminium-alloy pipe to increase gradually, thus causes fiber bragg grating center wavelength to occur progressively to offset.According to fiber bragg grating center wavelength side-play amount, the change of aluminium-alloy pipe thickness can be monitored, thus the situation that monitoring aluminium alloy is corroded.
Because aluminium-alloy pipe radius is less, apply epoxy resin for convenience, groove is set in aluminum pipe both sides, with enlarged link epoxy resins and the effective contact area of aluminium-alloy pipe, strengthen cementability.
Because fiber-optic grating sensor exists the cross sensitivity problem of temperature and strain, strain and temperature variation all can cause the center wavelength shift of fiber grating.The two parameter measurement of temperature and strain cannot be realized by the side-play amount of Prague centre wavelength measuring a fiber grating.And corrosion environment must comprise temperature changing process, in order to eliminate the cross sensitivity of temperature and strain, cascaded fiber grating is as temperature compensation as shown in Figure 1, be packaged in aluminium-alloy pipe, maintenance one end is free state, makes it avoid the impact strained, and only experiences the change of temperature.
Epoxy resin also can be affected in corrosion environment, thus cementability is declined, and causes grating pretension to discharge, thus center wavelength shift.For getting rid of the factor that adhesive spots is corroded, after epoxy resin cure, at its outer application silicon rubber, protection ring epoxy resins affects from corrosion environment, strengthens sensor stability and serviceable life.
The present invention adopts electrothermal prestressing to monitor corrosion of aluminium alloy, has some reference value for other Monitoring Corrosions.Processing technology is simple, small volume, can realize long-term corrosion monitoring.
Above-mentioned metal tube model is chosen for 6061-T6 aluminium alloy, and the region that 5mm is reserved in aluminium-alloy pipe both sides is used for arranging groove, and this groove can expanded ring epoxy resins contact area, strengthens the cementability of both glue joints.The metal material will monitored for the basis for selecting of aluminium model is replaceable.

Claims (3)

1., based on an Optical Fiber Grating Corrosion Sensors for metal pipe structure, it is characterized in that:
Comprise metal tube (2), be carved with the optical fiber (7) of corrosion sensing grating (1) and temperature compensation grating (3); Wherein temperature compensation grating (3) is positioned at the second end of optical fiber (7);
Wherein corroding sensing grating (1) is packaged in metal tube (2) by two ends firmly beforehand means,
The first end of optical fiber (7) stretches out metal tube (2) first end as the link with (FBG) demodulator;
Turn back from metal tube (2) first end again after second end of optical fiber (7) stretches out metal tube (2) first end and enter metal tube (2), namely make temperature compensation grating (3) fix other end free way by one end and be packaged in metal tube (2).
2. the Optical Fiber Grating Corrosion Sensors based on metal pipe structure according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described metal tube (2) two ends have notch recess structure.
3. utilize the same material Monitoring Corrosion method of the Optical Fiber Grating Corrosion Sensors based on metal pipe structure described in claim 1, it is characterized in that comprising following process:
Step 1, carry out the demarcation about fiber bragg grating center wavelength side-play amount and metal tube (2) wall erosion Degree of Accord Relation to sensor, detailed process is as follows:
Step 1-1, choose a metal tube consistent with metal tube (2) in Optical Fiber Grating Corrosion Sensors to be calibrated, its two ends are encapsulated, manages as a comparison;
Step 1-2, Optical Fiber Grating Corrosion Sensors to be calibrated and contrast pipe are put into etchant solution simultaneously, the change of monitoring contrast pipe radius, and the change of the reflectance spectrum centre wavelength of Optical Fiber Grating Corrosion Sensors to be calibrated;
Step 1-3, make Δ λ a-Δ λ bwith the relation curve of R;
Wherein Δ λ a-Δ λ bobtained by treating the monitoring of demarcating Optical Fiber Grating Corrosion Sensors by (FBG) demodulator (5);
Wherein R is by obtaining the measurement of contrast pipe;
Wherein R=f (F, Δ λ a-Δ λ b, λ a, P ε, E, r), wherein: R is metal tube external diameter, r is metal tube internal diameter, P εfor being optical fiber valid elastic-optic constants, be constant, λ afor corrosion sensing grating (1) centre wavelength before putting into etchant solution, Δ λ afor the center wavelength variation amount that corrosion sensor fibre grating (1) causes, Δ λ bfor the center wavelength variation amount that temperature compensation optical fiber grating (3) causes, E is metal tube elastic modulus;
Step 2, calibrated Optical Fiber Grating Corrosion Sensors is placed in corrosion environment, utilizes Δ λ a-Δ λ bwith the relation curve of R, identical material corrosion of metal degree can be monitored.
CN201410616692.2A 2014-11-05 2014-11-05 Metal tube structure-based fiber grating corrosion sensor and monitoring method thereof Pending CN104406900A (en)

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CN107884008A (en) * 2017-10-31 2018-04-06 无锡市永兴金属软管有限公司 The sealing property method of testing of metal hose under a kind of axle drawing and etch state
CN112683764A (en) * 2020-11-26 2021-04-20 中国兵器工业第五九研究所 On-line structural corrosion monitoring device and method based on fiber bragg grating sensing
CN113029976A (en) * 2021-03-04 2021-06-25 燕山大学 Shrapnel type fiber bragg grating corrosion monitoring device
CN113405898A (en) * 2021-05-24 2021-09-17 华南理工大学 Fiber grating monitoring composite insulator brittle failure system and crack identification method
CN113983945A (en) * 2021-12-28 2022-01-28 南京牧镭激光科技有限公司 Sensor manufacturing device for controlling central wavelength of fiber grating
CN114609027A (en) * 2022-05-09 2022-06-10 武汉新能源研究院有限公司 Transformer substation grounding grid corrosion monitoring method and system based on grating measurement technology

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107884008A (en) * 2017-10-31 2018-04-06 无锡市永兴金属软管有限公司 The sealing property method of testing of metal hose under a kind of axle drawing and etch state
CN107884008B (en) * 2017-10-31 2020-02-21 无锡市永兴金属软管有限公司 Method for testing sealing performance of metal hose under axial tension and corrosion state
CN112683764A (en) * 2020-11-26 2021-04-20 中国兵器工业第五九研究所 On-line structural corrosion monitoring device and method based on fiber bragg grating sensing
CN113029976A (en) * 2021-03-04 2021-06-25 燕山大学 Shrapnel type fiber bragg grating corrosion monitoring device
CN113029976B (en) * 2021-03-04 2022-07-29 燕山大学 Shrapnel type fiber bragg grating corrosion monitoring device
CN113405898A (en) * 2021-05-24 2021-09-17 华南理工大学 Fiber grating monitoring composite insulator brittle failure system and crack identification method
CN113983945A (en) * 2021-12-28 2022-01-28 南京牧镭激光科技有限公司 Sensor manufacturing device for controlling central wavelength of fiber grating
CN114609027A (en) * 2022-05-09 2022-06-10 武汉新能源研究院有限公司 Transformer substation grounding grid corrosion monitoring method and system based on grating measurement technology

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