CN101324189A - External pressure type temperature compensation high-temperature high-pressure optical fiber grating sensor - Google Patents
External pressure type temperature compensation high-temperature high-pressure optical fiber grating sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN101324189A CN101324189A CNA2008101504768A CN200810150476A CN101324189A CN 101324189 A CN101324189 A CN 101324189A CN A2008101504768 A CNA2008101504768 A CN A2008101504768A CN 200810150476 A CN200810150476 A CN 200810150476A CN 101324189 A CN101324189 A CN 101324189A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an external pressure type temperature compensation high-temperature high-pressure fiber grating sensor. A left end of an outer protecting tube provided with an inlet port in the radial direction is provided with a connector of a left outer protecting tube, and a right end thereof is provided with a connector of a right outer protecting tube, the outer protecting tube is internally provided with a quartz tube, an optical fiber is provided with a temperature sensing fiber grating and a pressure sensing fiber grating, the connector of the left outer protecting tube is provided with a left capillarity metal tube communicated with the interior phase of the outer protecting tube, the connector of the right outer protecting tube is provided with a right capillarity metal tube communicated with the interior phase of the outer protecting tube, the quartz tube is provided with a quartz plug, a left end of the quartz tube is provided with a left heat shrinkage tube communicated with the interior phase of the quartz tube and connected with the left capillarity metal tube, the quartz plug is provided with a right heat shrinkage tube communicated with the interior phase of the quartz tube and connected with the right capillarity metal tube, the left heat shrinkage tube and the right heat shrinkage tube are externally provided with springs, the optical fiber penetrates the left capillarity metal tube and enters the quartz tube through the left heat shrinkage tube, and the other end of the optical fiber extends out of the connector of the right outer protecting tube from the right capillarity metal tube through the right heat shrinkage tube.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the fiber optic sensor technology field, be specifically related to the fiber-optic grating sensor of discriminating measurement HTHP simultaneously.
Background technology
Oil is the important energy source that the mankind depend on for existence and development, and along with the continuous progress of society, the scientific development of oil gas seems increasingly important.Reduce workover treatment and closing well number of times, and even reduce the leakage of crude oil, to increase the crude oil cumulative production, this just needs to utilize advanced science and technology that the pressure and temperature of oil gas down-hole is implemented the long-term follow monitoring, at any time carry out state analysis, improving the recovery ratio of oil and oil gas, is the important channel of improving the oil extraction economic benefit.Therefore, being used for remote monitoring oil gas downhole temperature and pressure, implementing remote long-term monitoring, is one of hot subject of common concern both at home and abroad at present and research, and many researchers just are being devoted to development and are being used for underground monitoring HTHP sensor-based system.Traditional method adopts electric measuring method more, is subject to the restriction of conditions such as down-hole hot environment and electromagnetic interference.
Existing fiber-optical grating temperature sensor is the highest can only to detect 250 ℃, can not adapt to the temperature detection more than 250 ℃ under oil well, especially can not adapt under the HTHP gas injection well and detect.General optical fiber grating pressure sensor detected pressures scope little (0-20MPa), improve detection range, the lag loop that a difficult problem that at first runs into is based on output of elastic substrates fiber-optic grating sensor and input characteristic curve causes bigger lag error and nonlinearity erron.Existing temperature and pressure is the optical fiber optical grating temperature pressure sensing device of discriminating measurement simultaneously, owing to influenced each other by the cross sensitivity of temperature and pressure, makes that the sensitivity of this optical fiber optical grating temperature pressure sensing device is low, and it is big to detect error, and detection range is little.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned fiber-optic grating sensor, provide a kind of simple in structure, volume is little, cost is low, detection range is big, highly sensitive, corrosion-resistant, safe and reliable, the HTHP external pressure type temperature compensation high-temperature high-pressure optical fiber grating sensor of discriminating measurement simultaneously.
Solving the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme that is adopted is: the left end at the outer protection tube that radially is processed with fuel feed hole is provided with protection tube joint outside the left side; right-hand member is provided with right outer protection tube joint; be provided with quartz ampoule in the outer protection tube; be manufactured with TEMP fiber grating and pressure sensing fiber grating on the optical fiber; the outer protection tube joint in a left side be provided with and outer protection tube in the left capillary metal tube that links; right outer protection tube joint be provided with and outer protection tube in the right capillary metal tube that links; quartz ampoule is provided with quartzy plug; the quartz ampoule left end be provided with quartz ampoule in link; the left heat-shrink tube that connects with left capillary metal tube; quartzy plug be provided with quartz ampoule in link; the right heat-shrink tube that connects with right capillary metal tube; the outer setting of left side heat-shrink tube and right heat-shrink tube has spring; optical fiber penetrates through left heat-shrink tube from left capillary metal tube and enters in the quartz ampoule, the fibre-optic other end through right heat-shrink tube pass from right capillary metal right outside outside the protection tube joint.
Quartz ampoule of the present invention is: the axial end at the bottom of being processed with the pipe of through hole is provided with connecting tube, the other end is provided with force pipe, link in the pipe end and the force pipe, the TEMP fiber grating is arranged in the pipe through hole at the end, and the pressure sensing fiber grating is arranged on the inner surface of force pipe.
The wall thickness d of force pipe of the present invention is 1.0～1.5mm, and the effective length a of force pipe is that the length that the length of force pipe deducts quartzy plug insertion portion is 50～70mm.
Optical fiber of the present invention is a silicon fiber.
The making wavelength of TEMP fiber grating of the present invention is 1532～1552nm, and the making wavelength of pressure sensing fiber grating is 1530～1550nm, and the pressure sensing fiber grating is made wavelength and made wavelength 2nm less than the TEMP fiber grating at least.
Protection tube outside the present invention has adopted and has been provided with outside quartz ampoule has been protected quartz ampoule, makes to be not easy quartz ampoule is damaged when descending quartz ampoule to the oil gas down-hole, has prolonged the application life of fiber-optic grating sensor.The present invention adopts quartz ampoule two ends and capillary tubing to be flexible coupling with heat-shrink tube, guarantee that fiber-optic grating sensor is in the boundary value condition of free deformation, the heat-shrink tube outer cover is equipped with spring, on the one hand, extenuate fluid to the vibration that the enormous impact of the fiber-optic grating sensor of quartz ampoule encapsulation causes, prevent the damage of sensor.On the other hand, soft support sensor makes its contactless space that remains in the containment vessel.The making of fiber grating is adopted on a silicon fiber with TEMP fiber grating and pressure sensing fiber grating, the TEMP fiber grating is arranged at the bottom of the pipe of quartz ampoule in the axial hole, and the pressure sensing fiber grating is arranged on the force pipe inner surface of quartz ampoule.Select for use quartz ampoule to transmit strain, overcome the elastic hysteresis effect of existing optical fiber optical grating temperature pressure sensing device, improved the linearity of input and output characteristics as elastic substrates.When downhole temperature pressure changes simultaneously, the TEMP fiber grating only produces response to variation of temperature, and the pressure sensing fiber grating both can produce response to variations in temperature, also can change and produce response pressure, sensing value to temperature time the when recording temperature value and eliminate pressure sensing fiber grating measuring pressure with the TEMP fiber grating, thus the pressure monitoring value obtained.Adopt temperature compensation optical fiber grating, realized pressure and temperature discriminating measurement simultaneously, improved repeatability and stable, improved certainty of measurement and measurement category.
The present invention carries out high temperature high pressure oil down-hole actual detected through a large amount of laboratory research tests and in the production scene, the pressure detecting scope is 0～50MPa, the temperature detection scope is-30～+ 300 ℃, pressure-responsive sensitivity is 31pm/MPa, the temperature-responsive sensitivity is 13pm/ ℃, the pressure absolute precision is ± 0.2MPa that absolute temperature accuracy is ± 0.5 ℃.Advantage such as that the present invention has is simple and compact for structure, volume is little, anti-corrosive properties good, detection range is wide, accuracy of detection is high, long service life, cost of production are low can be applicable under oil well.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of quartz ampoule 8 among Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the temperature, pressure curve of the present invention at downhole testing.
Fig. 4 is the temperature calibration curve of down-hole.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is described in more detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, but the invention is not restricted to these embodiment.
In Fig. 1, the external pressure type temperature compensation high-temperature high-pressure optical fiber grating sensor of present embodiment is made of optical fiber 1, left capillary metal tube 2, the outer protection tube joint 3 in a left side, spring 4, left heat-shrink tube 5, TEMP fiber grating 6, fuel feed hole 7, quartz ampoule 8, pressure sensing fiber grating 9, outer protection tube 10, quartzy plug 11, right heat-shrink tube 12, right outer protection tube joint 13,14 connections of right capillary metal tube.
Present embodiment adopts an optical fiber 1, optical fiber 1 is quartzy single-mode fiber, on the left side of optical fiber 1 with TEMP fiber grating 6, the making wavelength of TEMP fiber grating 6 is 1549nm, 6 temperature that are used to experience down-hole oil, natural gas of TEMP fiber grating, on the right side of optical fiber 1 with pressure sensing fiber grating 9, the making wavelength of pressure sensing fiber grating 9 is 1544nm, and pressure sensing fiber grating 9 is used to experience the pressure and temperature of down-hole oil, natural gas.Outside protection tube 10 radially be processed with fuel feed hole 7, the oil of oil gas down-hole, natural gas can be outside fuel feed hole 7 enters in the protection tubes 10.In the protection tube 10 quartz ampoule 8 is installed outside; the two ends of outer protection tube 10 are processed with screw thread; the left end of outer protection tube 10 is equipped with a left side outer protection tube joint 3, right-hand member by thread connection and by thread connection the outer protection tube joint 13 in the right side is installed; the center of outer protection tube joint 3 in a left side and right outer protection tube joint 13 is processed with centre bore; in the centre bore of the outer protection tube joint 3 in a left side left capillary metal tube 2 is installed, in the centre bore of right outer protection tube joint 13 right capillary metal tube 14 is installed.The peristome of quartz ampoule 8 is equipped with quartzy plug 11, the axial centre position of quartzy plug 11 is processed with centre bore, the left end of quartz ampoule 8 is equipped with left heat-shrink tube 5, link in left side heat-shrink tube 5 and the quartz ampoule 8, the outer end of quartzy plug 11 is equipped with right heat-shrink tube 12, links in right heat-shrink tube 12 and the quartz ampoule 8.Optical fiber 1 penetrates through left heat-shrink tube 5 from left capillary metal tube 2 and enters in the quartz ampoule 8; the other end of optical fiber 1 through right heat-shrink tube 12 pass from right capillary metal 14 right outside outside the protection tube joint 13; with quartz ampoule 8 and quartzy plug 11 quartz powder welded seal, it is bonding to be with model that 383 glue seal between quartz ampoule 8 and the left heat-shrink tube 5, between quartzy plug 11 and the right heat-shrink tube 12.With left capillary metal tube 2 and 8 soft connections of quartz ampoule, with quartzy plug 11 and right capillary metal tube 14 soft connect, guaranteed quartz ampoule 8 and quartzy plug 11 connect after be in the boundary value condition of free deformation with right heat-shrink tube 12 with left heat-shrink tube 5.The outer cover of a left side heat-shrink tube 5 and right heat-shrink tube 12 is equipped with spring 4, and spring 4 is mainly used in extenuates fluid to the vibration that the enormous impact of quartz ampoule 8 causes, prevents from quartz ampoule 8 is damaged.Secondly spring 4 is used for quartz ampoule 8 and the quartzy plug 11 soft free spaces that are supported in the outer protection tube 10.The left end of left side heat-shrink tube 5 connects back with 383 glue seal with the right-hand member grafting of left capillary metal tube 2; the right-hand member of right heat-shrink tube 12 is pegged graft with right capillary metal tube 14 left ends and is connected the back with 383 glue seal, makes the oil that enters in the outer protection tube 10 can not enter in the quartz ampoule 8.
In Fig. 1,2, the quartz ampoule 8 of present embodiment is to be connected as a single entity and to be constituted by connecting tube 8-1, pipe end 8-2, force pipe 8-3, left end and the connecting tube 8-1 of pipe end 8-2 is connected as a single entity, right-hand member and force pipe 8-3 are connected as a single entity, and connecting tube 8-1 is used for connecting with left heat-shrink tube 5.Force pipe 8-3 is a tubular body, and the wall thickness d of force pipe 8-3 is 1.2mm, and the effective length a of force pipe 8-3 (length of force pipe 8-3 deducts the length of quartzy plug 11 insertion portions) is 60mm.Pipe end 8-2 and force pipe 8-3 make with quartz material, and pipe end 8-2 axially is processed with centre bore, and TEMP fiber grating 6 is arranged in the centre bore of pipe end 8-2, and pressure sensing fiber grating 9 usefulness 383 are gluing to be connected on the inner surface of force pipe 8-3.Because the present invention has adopted heat-shrink tube and spring 4, and adopted the quartz ampoule 8 of this structure, overcome the elastic hysteresis effect of existing optical fiber optical grating temperature pressure sensing device, improved the linearity of input and output characteristics, adopt temperature-compensating, realize pressure and temperature discriminating measurement simultaneously, improved repeatability and stable, improved certainty of measurement and measurement category.
In the present embodiment, the wall thickness d of force pipe 8-3 is 1.0mm, the effective length a of force pipe 8-3 (length of force pipe 8-3 deducts the length of quartzy plug 11 insertion portions) is 50mm, the making wavelength of TEMP fiber grating 6 is 1532nm, and the making wavelength of pressure sensing fiber grating 9 is 1530nm.The connecting relation of other component and component is identical with embodiment 1.
In the present embodiment, the wall thickness d of force pipe 8-3 is 1.5mm, the effective length a of force pipe 8-3 (length of force pipe 8-3 deducts the length of quartzy plug 11 insertion portions) is 70mm, the making wavelength of TEMP fiber grating 6 is 1552nm, and the making wavelength of pressure sensing fiber grating 9 is 1550nm.The connecting relation of other component and component is identical with embodiment 1.
In the present embodiment, the wall thickness d of force pipe 8-3 is 1.0mm, the effective length a of force pipe 8-3 (length of force pipe 8-3 deducts the length of quartzy plug 11 insertion portions) is 70mm, the making wavelength of TEMP fiber grating 6 is 1552nm, and the making wavelength of pressure sensing fiber grating 9 is 1530nm.The connecting relation of other component and component is identical with embodiment 1.
In the present embodiment, the wall thickness d of force pipe 8-3 is 1.5mm, and the effective length a of force pipe 8-3 (length of force pipe 8-3 deducts the length of quartzy plug 11 insertion portions) is 50mm.The connecting relation of other component and component is identical with embodiment 1.
Operating principle of the present invention is as follows:
When the present invention is immersed oil-gas Layer in the down-hole; oil gas flows in the outer protection tube 10 through the fuel feed hole 7 of outer protection tube 10; cavity external surface to quartz ampoule 8 and quartzy plug 11 composition one imposes uniform external pressure; make cavity inside and outside formation pressure difference and produce strain; because pressure sensing fiber grating 9 is pasted along the inner surface axial of force pipe 8-3; making the force pipe 8-3 axial strain of quartz ampoule 8 transmit and be coupled to pressure sensing fiber grating 9 axially produces along it and stretches (pressure reduces) (pressure increase) strain of contracting; make bragg wavelength to shortwave (pressure increase) or the drift of long wave (pressure reduces) direction, the optical signal of drift is sent to outer wellhead by optical cable.When the temperature of oil gas down-hole changes, make and axially produce the flexible strain of heat along it along the TEMP fiber grating 6 that is provided with in the pipe end 8-2 axial hole, and causing its wavelength to shortwave (temperature reduces) direction or the drift of long wave (temperature increase) direction, the optical signal of drift is sent to outer wellhead by optical cable.The demodulated equipment that is provided with by ground detects, cause the wavelength change of TEMP fiber grating 6 and pressure sensing fiber grating 9 respectively along with downhole oil gas-bearing formation pressure, temperature variation, the temperature and the pressure of oil gas in can obtaining to wait to log well by signal processing unit, the TEMP fiber grating 6 that two ends of the present invention are drawn respectively and the tail optical fiber and the optical cable of pressure sensing fiber grating 9 are in series, and can set up the temperature and the pressure distributed measurement network system of multiple spot.
In order to verify beneficial effect of the present invention, the inventor adopts the external pressure type temperature compensation high-temperature high-pressure optical fiber grating sensor of the embodiment of the invention 1 preparation to carry out laboratory and production site experiment, and various result of the tests are as follows:
Laboratory apparatus: wideband light source, model are ASE-CL-10-021140, are produced by Shenzhen Langguang Science ﹠ Technology Co., Ltd.; Coupler, model are WP15500202A1000, are produced by unlimited optical communication (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd; Spectrometer, model are MS9710C, are produced by An Li company; High-temperature high-voltage reaction device, model are the GY-1 type, are produced by Nantong Huaxing Petroleum Instrument Co., Ltd..
1, detects two kinds of temperature experiments under the level pressure with the present invention
The embodiment of the invention is put into the high-temperature high-voltage reaction device, under 0MPa pressure, adopt the stable state thermometry, progressively rise to 300 ℃, progressively reduce to room temperature by 300 ℃ then by room temperature.Experimental result sees Table 1.
Table 1 0MPa TEMP fiber grating 6 and pressure sensing fiber grating 9 temperature-responsive experimental datas
The long pressure lattice wave of intensification temperature canopy wavelength pressure lattice wave long cooling temperature lattice wave is long
22.5 1545.8509 1541.1361 23.9 1545.8695 1541.1521
33.2 1545.9653 1541.2475 33.2 1545.9649 1541.2445
42.8 1546.0718 1541.3520 42.7 1546.0700 1541.3526
53.3 1546.1864 1541.4646 52.1 1546.1710 1541.4446
63.1 1546.3083 1541.5855 61.8 1546.2912 1541.5698
73.3 1546.4128 1541.6880 72.1 1546.3969 1541.6765
84.5 1546.5408 1541.8140 82.5 1546.5150 1541.7886
94.8 1546.6744 1541.9476 92.5 1546.6449 1541.9215
105.2 1546.7851 1542.0553 102.7 1546.7528 1542.0234
114.5 1546.9214 1542.1936 112.8 1546.8990 1542.1696
124.5 1547.0427 1542.3139 123.0 1547.0236 1542.2912
133.9 1547.1591 1542.4303 132.3 1547.1384 1542.4120
145.6 1547.2986 1542.5678 141.7 1547.2481 1542.5147
155.0 1547.4186 1542.6878 152.0 1547.3792 1542.6448
164.2 1547.5257 1542.7939 161.5 1547.4910 1542.7546
175.7 1547.6788 1542.9470 170.9 1547.6167 1542.8813
185.1 1547.8177 1543.0879 181.0 1547.7643 1543.0379
195.8 1547.9771 1543.2493 190.6 1547.9091 1543.1807
204.4 1548.0921 1543.3643 200.1 1548.0366 1543.3102
215.4 1548.1911 1543.4593 209.9 1548.1201 1543.3907
222.3 1548.3370 1543.6102 219.9 1548.3057 1543.5783
232.4 1548.4700 1543.7442 230.4 1548.4439 1543.7225
243.0 1548.5961 1543.8683 239.6 1548.5514 1543.8210
253.0 1548.7292 1544.0024 249.1 1548.6786 1543.9522
262.1 1548.8560 1544.1302 260.4 1548.8340 1544.1066
271.9 1548.9987 1544.2739 270.2 1548.9763 1544.2559
282.0 1549.1335 1544.4087 281.6 1549.1287 1544.4053
292.2 1549.2907 1544.5689 292.2 1549.2911 1544.5667
301.8 1549.4216 1544.7008 303.4 1549.4420 1544.7236
By table 1 as seen, at 0MPa pressure, in the heating and cooling process, the reflection wavelength of pressure sensing fiber grating 9, TEMP fiber grating 6 varies with temperature linear reversible, and pressure sensing fiber grating 9 heats up: λ=0.0128T+1540.7492, linear fit degree: R
2=0.9983, TEMP fiber grating 6 heats up: λ=0.0129T+1545.4731, linear fit degree: R
2=0.9986; Pressure sensing fiber grating 9 coolings: λ=0.0129T+1540.7466, linear fit degree: R
2=0.9983; TEMP fiber grating 6 coolings: λ=0.0129T+1545.4715, linear fit degree: R
2=0.9986.The temperature-responsive sensitivity of pressure sensing fiber grating 9 is 0.013nm/ ℃.6 pairs of temperature-responsive sensitivity of TEMP fiber grating are 0.013nm/ ℃
The present invention is put into the high-temperature high-voltage reaction device,, adopt the stable state thermometry, progressively rise to 300 ℃, progressively reduce to room temperature by 300 ℃ then by room temperature at 50MPa pressure.Experimental result sees Table 2.
Table 2 50MPa TEMP fiber grating 6 and pressure sensing fiber grating 9 temperature-responsive experimental datas
The long pressure lattice wave of the long pressure lattice wave of intensification temperature lattice wave long cooling temperature lattice wave is long
21.5 1545.8381 1539.6232 24.1 1545.8721 1539.6047
32.3 1545.9536 1539.6859 33.0 1545.9623 1539.6919
40.1 1546.0371 1539.8172 41.2 1546.0507 1539.7833
49.4 1546.1359 1539.9143 50.0 1546.1439 1539.9675
58.6 1546.2505 1540.0475 58.6 1546.2499 1540.0785
73.7 1546.4180 1540.1932 65.8 1546.3156 1540.1452
83.5 1546.5280 1540.2961 77.5 1546.4505 1540.2741
91.6 1546.6330 1540.4363 86.5 1546.5675 1540.3941
101.5 1546.7376 1540.5076 99.0 1546.7051 1540.5257
110.5 1546.8696 1540.6420 110.4 1546.8680 1540.6886
121.0 1546.9977 1540.7188 120.7 1546.9939 1540.7615
131.5 1547.1280 1540.8993 130.8 1547.1191 1540.8927
139.9 1547.2254 1540.9943 140.0 1547.2262 1540.9428
150.3 1547.3577 1541.1472 152.0 1547.3792 1541.1448
160.6 1547.4794 1541.2475 160.1 1547.4729 1541.3115
169.2 1547.5946 1541.3582 168.0 1547.5793 1541.3439
180.7 1547.7612 1541.5611 177.0 1547.7127 1541.4863
187.7 1547.8722 1541.6448 187.0 1547.8627 1541.6593
197.5 1548.0034 1541.7753 196.4 1547.9889 1541.7625
208.5 1548.1017 1541.8203 209.0 1548.1085 1541.8291
219.0 1548.2946 1542.0676 221.0 1548.3199 1542.0925
230.1 1548.4402 1542.2145 230.8 1548.4491 1542.3027
241.6 1548.5781 1542.3702 240.5 1548.5630 1542.3326
249.5 1548.6839 1542.4573 249.8 1548.6876 1542.4612
258.4 1548.8085 1542.5775 260.1 1548.8301 1542.6277
271.0 1548.9870 1542.7923 269.7 1548.9699 1542.7495
280.4 1549.1129 1542.8881 281.3 1549.1248 1542.8514
292.3 1549.2920 1543.0702 290.0 1549.2627 1543.0383
301.6 1549.4190 1543.1482 299.8 1549.3956 1543.2522
By table 2 as seen, at 50MPa pressure, in the heating and cooling process, the reflection wavelength of pressure sensing fiber grating 9, TEMP fiber grating 6 varies with temperature linear reversible, and pressure sensing fiber grating 9 heats up: λ=0.0129T+1539.2454, linear fit degree: R
2=0.9981; TEMP fiber grating 6 heats up: λ=0.0129T+1545.4717, linear fit degree: R
2=0.9986; Pressure sensing fiber grating 9 coolings: λ=0.0129T+1539.2556, linear fit degree: R
2=0.9974; TEMP fiber grating 6 coolings: λ=0.0129T+1545.4710, linear fit degree: R
2=0.9986.9 pairs of temperature-responsive sensitivity of pressure sensing fiber grating are 0.013nm/ ℃.6 pairs of temperature-responsive sensitivity of TEMP fiber grating are 0.013nm/ ℃
The result of consolidated statement 1, table 2 as can be known, when pressure is respectively 0MPa, 50MPa, in heating and cooling process, the reflection wavelength of pressure sensing fiber grating 9, TEMP fiber grating 6 varies with temperature linear correlation, reversibility explanation heating and cooling process has been eliminated the temperature hysteresis effect of fiber grating sensing system, the coefficient of thermal expansion that shows this base material keeps constant in-40～400 ℃ of scopes, and suitable with optical fiber 1 coefficient of thermal expansion.Pressure sensing fiber grating 9 temperature-responsive sensitivity uniformity have good compensability and repeatability to temperature when showing pressure sensing fiber grating 9 detected pressures.
2, detect pressure intensity testing under several constant temperatures with the present invention
The present invention being put into the high-temperature high-voltage reaction device implement temperature control, is the test of pressurizeing and reduce pressure under 22 ℃ of relative controlled conditions in the control temperature.Experimental result sees Table 3
22 ℃ of TEMP fiber gratings 6 of table 3 and pressure sensing fiber grating 9 pressure-responsive experimental datas
Detected pressure value after the compensation of temperature boost pressure grating temperature grating temperature step-down pressure grating temperature grating temperature
(℃) (MPa) (nm) (nm) (℃) (MPa) (nm) (nm) voltage raising and reducing
21.5 0 1541.0875 1545.8350 22.9 0 1541.1052 1545.8513 1541.0940 1541.0935
21.5 2 1541.0283 1545.8348 22.9 2 1541.0465 1545.8517 1541.0348 1541.0348
21.9 4 1540.9693 1545.8403 23.1 4 1540.9852 1545.8539 1540.9706 1540.9709
21.8 6 1540.9069 1545.8385 23.1 6 1540.9241 1545.8543 1540.9095 1540.9098
21.6 8 1540.8423 1545.8363 23.1 8 1540.8616 1545.8536 1540.8475 1540.8473
22.0 10 1540.7849 1545.8404 23.3 10 1540.8012 1545.8568 1540.7849 1540.7843
22.2 12 1540.7282 1545.8434 23.4 12 1540.7433 1545.8574 1540.7259 1540.7254
22.3 14 1540.6666 1545.8444 23.4 14 1540.6806 1545.8581 1540.6627 1540.6624
22.3 16 1540.6011 1545.8449 23.4 16 1540.6156 1545.8577 1540.5972 1540.5974
22.7 18 1540.5462 1545.8493 23.5 18 1540.5563 1545.8593 1540.5371 1540.5368
22.9 20 1540.4819 1545.8521 23.6 20 1540.4908 1545.8606 1540.4702 1540.4700
22.9 22 1540.4198 1545.8517 23.8 22 1540.4313 1545.8623 1540.4086 1540.4084
23.0 24 1540.3617 1545.8529 23.8 24 1540.3726 1545.8624 1540.3492 1540.3497
23.2 26 1540.2976 1545.8558 23.9 26 1540.3067 1545.8637 1540.2826 1540.2826
23.5 28 1540.2439 1545.8590 23.8 28 1540.2480 1545.8629 1540.2250 1540.2252
23.6 30 1540.1818 1545.8621 23.9 30 1540.1857 1545.8650 1540.1604 1540.1604
23.9 32 1540.1208 1545.8647 23.9 32 1540.1208 1545.8656 1540.0956 1540.0956
23.7 34 1540.0579 1545.8628 24.0 34 1540.0617 1545.8659 1540.0353 1540.0352
23.8 36 1539.9991 1545.8625 24.1 36 1540.0029 1545.8675 1539.9753 1539.9752
24.0 38 1539.9393 1545.8652 24.1 38 1539.9401 1545.8663 1539.9129 1539.9124
24.1 40 1539.8723 1545.8662 24.1 40 1539.8721 1545.8678 1539.8447 1539.8445
24.0 42 1539.8088 1545.8654 24.3 42 1539.8186 1545.8689 1539.7828 1539.7887
24.1 44 1539.7477 1545.8664 24.2 44 1539.7467 1545.8674 1539.7204 1539.7181
24.2 46 1539.6868 1545.8672 24.2 46 1539.6913 1545.8672 1539.6582 1539.6627
24.2 48 1539.6211 1545.8687 24.3 48 1539.6304 1545.8691 1539.5925 1539.6005
24.3 50 1539.5622 1545.8689 24.3 50 1539.5584 1545.8685 1539.5323 1539.5285
By table 3 as seen, when 22 ℃ temperature, in the lifting pressure process, the reflection wavelength of pressure sensing fiber grating 9 changes linear reversible with pressure, pressurization: λ=-0.0313P+1541.0979, linear fit degree: R
2=0.9999; Decompression: λ=-0.0312P+1541.0972, linear fit degree: R
2=0.9999.Pressure-responsive sensitivity of the present invention is-0.031nm/MPa.
The present invention being put into the high-temperature high-voltage reaction device implement temperature control, is the test of pressurizeing and reduce pressure under 150 ℃ of relative controlled conditions in the control temperature.Experimental result sees Table 4.
Table 4150 ℃ TEMP fiber grating 6 and pressure sensing fiber grating 9 pressure-responsive experimental datas
Detected pressure value after the compensation of temperature boost pressure grating temperature grating temperature step-down pressure grating temperature grating temperature
(℃) (MPa) (nm) (nm) (℃) (MPa) (nm) (nm) voltage raising and reducing
150.2 0 1542.7474 1547.4807 150.5 0 1542.7516 1547.4862 1542.7448 1542.7451
150.3 2 1542.6900 1547.4824 150.8 2 1542.6963 1547.4898 1542.6861 1542.6859
150.3 4 1542.6261 1547.4821 151.0 4 1542.6347 1547.4928 1542.6222 1542.6217
150.4 6 1542.5663 1547.4837 151.0 6 1542.5736 1547.4923 1542.5611 1542.5606
150.6 8 1542.5064 1547.4856 151.2 8 1542.5141 1547.4952 1542.4986 1542.4985
150.6 10 1542.4434 1547.4862 151.5 10 1542.4556 1547.4982 1542.4356 1542.4359
150.5 12 1542.3831 1547.4845 151.5 12 1542.3964 1547.4987 1542.3766 1542.3769
150.6 14 1542.3215 1547.4863 151.3 14 1542.3307 1547.4956 1542.3137 1542.3138
150.4 16 1542.2539 1547.4833 151.5 16 1542.2678 1547.4987 1542.2487 1542.2483
150.6 18 1542.1959 1547.4862 151.6 18 1542.2090 1547.4992 1542.1881 1542.1882
150.6 20 1542.1291 1547.4862 151.7 20 1542.1434 1547.5007 1542.1213 1542.1213
150.7 22 1542.0688 1547.4871 151.9 22 1542.0844 1547.5033 1542.0597 1542.0597
150.7 24 1542.0101 1547.4873 151.8 24 1542.0237 1547.5021 1542.0010 1542.0003
150.8 26 1541.9443 1547.4885 151.9 26 1541.9584 1547.5037 1541.9339 1541.9337
150.7 28 1541.8856 1547.4878 151.9 28 1541.9009 1547.5032 1541.8765 1541.8762
150.8 30 1541.8221 1547.4887 151.9 30 1541.8363 1547.5037 1541.8117 1541.8116
150.8 32 1541.7573 1547.4894 152.0 32 1541.7730 1547.5041 1541.7469 1541.7467
150.9 34 1541.6982 1547.4897 152.1 34 1541.7139 1547.5060 1541.6865 1541.6865
150.9 36 1541.6382 1547.4901 152.2 36 1541.6551 1547.5057 1541.6265 1541.6264
151.0 38 1541.5767 1547.4903 152.2 38 1541.5927 1547.5059 1541.5637 1541.5641
151.1 40 1541.5101 1547.4931 152.3 40 1541.5257 1547.5068 1541.4958 1541.4959
151.1 42 1541.4549 1547.4925 152.3 42 1541.4680 1547.5076 1541.4400 1541.4382
151.2 44 1541.3943 1547.4935 152.4 44 1541.4070 1547.5085 1541.3782 1541.3760
151.3 46 1541.3313 1547.4945 152.5 46 1541.3417 1547.5092 1541.3140 1541.3094
151.4 48 1541.2704 1547.4963 152.4 48 1541.2794 1547.5094 1541.2518 1541.2485
151.4 50 1541.2083 1547.4957 152.6 50 1541.2220 1547.5108 1541.1898 1541.1885
By table 4 as seen, when 150 ℃ temperature, in the process of lifting pressure, the reflection wavelength of pressure sensing fiber grating 9 changes linear reversible with pressure, pressurization: λ=-0.0312P+1542.7474, linear fit degree: R
2=0.9999; Decompression: λ=-0.0312P+1542.7480, linear fit degree: R
2=0.9999, pressure-responsive sensitivity is-0.031nm/MPa.
The present invention being put into the high-temperature high-voltage reaction device implement temperature control, is the test of pressurizeing and reduce pressure under 300 ℃ of relative controlled conditions in the control temperature.Experimental result sees Table 5.
TEMP fiber grating 6 and pressure sensing fiber grating 9 pressure-responsive experimental datas during 300 ℃ of table 5 temperature
Detected pressure value after the compensation of temperature boost pressure grating temperature grating temperature step-down pressure grating temperature grating temperature
(℃) (MPa) (nm) (nm) (℃) (MPa) (nm) (nm) voltage raising and reducing
299.6 0 1544.6885 1549.4346 301.5 0 1544.7123 1549.4604 1544.6937 1544.6946
299.7 2 1544.6311 1549.4363 301.6 2 1544.6544 1549.4614 1544.6350 1544.6355
299.8 4 1544.5685 1549.4372 301.7 4 1544.5915 1549.4631 1544.5711 1544.5714
299.9 6 1544.5087 1549.4389 301.8 6 1544.5323 1549.4645 1544.5100 1544.5104
299.9 8 1544.4462 1549.4382 301.7 8 1544.4690 1549.4636 1544.4475 1544.4483
300.1 10 1544.3858 1549.4414 302.0 10 1544.4103 1549.4664 1544.3845 1544.3859
300.1 12 1544.3268 1549.4409 301.9 12 1544.3494 1549.4651 1544.3255 1544.3268
300.4 14 1544.2678 1549.4453 302.0 14 1544.2882 1549.4665 1544.2626 1544.2638
300.4 16 1544.2028 1549.4448 302.2 16 1544.2246 1549.4690 1544.1976 1544.1984
300.6 18 1544.1447 1549.4477 302.3 18 1544.1658 1549.4694 1544.1370 1544.1384
300.6 20 1544.0780 1549.4478 302.4 20 1544.1002 1549.4710 1544.0702 1544.0715
300.8 22 1544.0189 1549.4499 302.5 22 1544.0405 1549.4730 1544.0085 1544.0100
300.8 24 1543.9603 1549.4501 302.4 24 1543.9799 1549.4717 1543.9499 1543.9506
301.0 26 1543.8957 1549.4527 302.7 26 1543.9171 1549.4759 1543.8828 1543.8842
301.1 28 1543.8397 1549.4546 302.6 28 1543.8577 1549.4733 1543.8254 1543.8266
301.4 30 1543.7787 1549.458 302.7 30 1543.7950 1549.4758 1543.7606 1543.7620
301.6 32 1543.7165 1549.4613 302.6 32 1543.7289 1549.4733 1543.6957 1543.6971
301.7 34 1543.6574 1549.4616 302.8 34 1543.6712 1549.4766 1543.6354 1543.6370
301.9 36 1543.6000 1549.4646 302.8 36 1543.6112 1549.4751 1543.5753 1543.5770
302.2 38 1543.5411 1549.4674 302.9 38 1543.5501 1549.4766 1543.5126 1543.5147
302.2 40 1543.4732 1549.4689 302.9 40 1543.4819 1549.4763 1543.4446 1543.4465
302.5 42 1543.4213 1549.4716 303.1 42 1543.4219 1549.4791 1543.3889 1543.3847
302.6 44 1543.3520 1549.4727 303.0 44 1543.3582 1549.4775 1543.3183 1543.3223
302.9 46 1543.3005 1549.4764 303.1 46 1543.2973 1549.4783 1543.2629 1543.2601
303.2 48 1543.2422 1549.4809 303.2 48 1543.2329 1549.4811 1543.2007 1543.1945
303.3 50 1543.1715 1549.4816 303.4 50 1543.1760 1549.4832 1543.1286 1543.1345
By table 5 as seen, under 300 ℃ temperature, in the lifting pressure process, the reflection wavelength of pressure sensing fiber grating 9 changes linear reversible with pressure, pressurization: λ=-0.0312P+1544.6974, linear fit degree: R
2=0.9999, decompression: λ=-0.0313P+1544.6986, linear fit degree: R
2=0.9999, pressure-responsive sensitivity is-0.031nm/MPa.
The result of consolidated statement 3, table 4, table 5 as can be known, when temperature is respectively 22 ℃, 150 ℃, 300 ℃, in the buck process, it is linear correlation that the reflection wavelength of pressure sensing fiber grating 9 changes with pressure, linear reversible explanation lifting pressure process has been eliminated the stress hysteresis effect of fiber grating sensing system, be the necessary condition that realizes temperature-compensating, the uniformity of pressure-responsive sensitivity shows with pressure sensing fiber grating 9 detected pressures to have high stability and repeatability.
3, check the temperature-compensating experiment with the present invention
The present invention is put into the high-temperature high-voltage reaction device, when temperature, pressure changes simultaneously, 6 of TEMP fiber gratings produce response to variation of temperature, and pressure sensing fiber grating 9 both can produce response to variations in temperature, also can change and produce response pressure, when recording temperature value compensatory pressure sensor fibre grating 9 measuring pressures with TEMP fiber grating 6 to temperature sensing value simultaneously, by the temperature-compensating formula
Draw 9 of pressure sensing fiber gratings as calculated to the monitor values that pressure changes, see Table 3, the data in the table 4, table 5 in " detected pressure value after the temperature-compensating " column.λ in the formula
PBe the wavelength that pressure sensing fiber grating 9 detected pressures characterize, λ
PTBe pressure sensing fiber grating 9 wavelength of the sign of pressure sensor and temperature simultaneously, k
T1Be 9 pairs of temperature-responsive sensitivity of pressure sensing fiber grating, k
T2Be 6 pairs of temperature-responsive sensitivity of TEMP fiber grating, λ
TWavelength for TEMP fiber grating 6 detected temperatures sign.λ
T0Be the wavelength of temperature grid at 0 ℃.
4, the present invention is in the experiment of production scene
The present invention has carried out on-the-spot contrast detected temperatures and pressure test in the Liaohe Oil Field, experimental result is seen Fig. 3.Because this oil well is not annotated high steam, therefore, down-hole pressure is decided by hydraulic pressure, as seen from Figure 3, records oil well pressure and is linear increase with degree of depth increase, conforms to actual conditions.Recording temperature under the oil well matches with the calibration curve (Fig. 4) of change in depth curve and this well.
Claims (5)
1; a kind of external pressure type temperature compensation high-temperature high-pressure optical fiber grating sensor; it is characterized in that: the left end at the outer protection tube (10) that radially is processed with fuel feed hole (7) is provided with protection tube joint (3) outside the left side; right-hand member is provided with right outer protection tube joint (13); be provided with quartz ampoule (8) in the outer protection tube (10); be manufactured with TEMP fiber grating (6) and pressure sensing fiber grating (9) on the optical fiber (1); the outer protection tube joint in a left side (3) be provided with and outer protection tube (10) in the left capillary metal tube (2) that links; right outer protection tube joint (13) be provided with and outer protection tube (10) in the right capillary metal tube (14) that links; quartz ampoule (8) is provided with quartzy plug (11); quartz ampoule (8) left end be provided with quartz ampoule (8) in link; the left heat-shrink tube (5) that connects with left capillary metal tube (2); quartzy plug (11) be provided with quartz ampoule (8) in link; the right heat-shrink tube (12) that connects with right capillary metal tube (14); the outer setting of left side heat-shrink tube (5) and right heat-shrink tube (12) has spring (4); optical fiber (1) penetrates in left heat-shrink tube (5) enters into quartz ampoule (8) from left capillary metal tube (2), the other end of optical fiber (1) through right heat-shrink tube (12) pass from right capillary metal (14) right outside outside the protection tube joint (13).
2, according to the described external pressure type temperature compensation high-temperature high-pressure optical fiber grating sensor of claim 1, it is characterized in that said quartz ampoule (8) is: an axial end of (8-2) is provided with connecting tube (8-1) at the bottom of being processed with the pipe of through hole, the other end is provided with force pipe (8-3), link in the pipe end (8-2) and the force pipe (8-3), TEMP fiber grating (6) is arranged in the through hole of the pipe end (8-2), and pressure sensing fiber grating (9) is arranged on the inner surface of force pipe (8-3).
3, according to the described external pressure type temperature compensation high-temperature high-pressure optical fiber grating sensor of claim 2, it is characterized in that: the wall thickness (d) of said force pipe (8-3) is 1.0～1.5mm, and the effective length (a) of force pipe (8-3) is that the length that the length of force pipe (8-3) deducts quartzy plug (11) insertion portion is 50～70mm.
4, according to the described external pressure type temperature compensation high-temperature high-pressure optical fiber grating sensor of claim 2, it is characterized in that: said optical fiber (1) is a silicon fiber.
5, according to claim 1 or 2 described external pressure type temperature compensation high-temperature high-pressure optical fiber grating sensors, it is characterized in that: the making wavelength of said TEMP fiber grating (6) is 1532～1552nm, the making wavelength of pressure sensing fiber grating (9) is 1530～1550nm, and pressure sensing fiber grating (9) is made wavelength and made wavelength 2nm less than TEMP fiber grating (6) at least.
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| CN109211797A (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2019-01-15 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of fiber bragg grating temperature sensor with the anti-axial strain interference of temperature-compensating |
| CN110044541A (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2019-07-23 | 西安石油大学 | A kind of fiber bragg grating pressure sensor based on rectangular diaphragm |
| CN110579287A (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2019-12-17 | 西北大学 | Optical fiber sensor packaged based on single capillary glass tube and testing method |
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