A kind of fiber mixing proppant flow in fracture analogue experiment installation and method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fiber mixing proppant flow in fracture analogue experiment installation and method, belong to oil fracturing neck
Domain.
Background technology
It is to solve after Oil/gas Well pressure the quickly row of returning and proppant that fibre technology is applied in Sand Fracturing Technology earliest
Backflow contradiction, that is, drain age velocity can exceed that the critical flow velocity that shakes out soon very much, lead to proppant to return and tell, drain age velocity is too low again
Drain time increase and the row of returning can be led to lead reduction.It is injected simultaneously into there is necessarily flexible fibrous matter being mixed in load fluid
Stratum, forms plyability proppant, proppant is matrix in man-made fracture, and fiber is to strengthen phase.The addition of fiber can carry
The prop-carrying capacity of high load fluid, the backflow controlling proppant, the realization quickly row of returning and the stability keeping proppant pack
Deng.
Fiber is used for preventing proppant backflow effect substantially, has obtained the great attention of domestic and international oil worker, and then
It is carried out widely studied, and carried out large range of application in each major oil and gas field.With fracturing technique progress with send out
Exhibition, the application in fracturing technique field for the fiber is expanded and extend further, has currently formed and has been returned with fiber prevention proppant
Stream, the whole companion note network sand fracturing of loose sand fibre sand prevention pressure break, low thickening agent fiber are agent technology, with fiber seam
Temporarily stifled turnaround fracture, hi-way passage pressure break, " broadband " pressure break are the fiber fracturing technology series of cutting edge technology, show wide
Popularizing application prospect and market value.
But fiber fracturing technical foundation is theoretical and in-house laboratory investigation lags behind engineering practice so that this technology lacks necessity
, science, system theoretical direction, it has also become restrict this technology and develop the bottleneck with popularization and application further.In fiber pressure
Split technology experiment research aspect, both at home and abroad with regard to the dispersibility of fiber, compatibility, the outstanding Static Property Study such as grittiness, degradability relatively
Many, and in terms of just more reflecting the dynamic flow simulation that fiber is distributed, temporarily blocks up, stablizes sand body characteristic in crack, directly, comprehensively
Many evaluated using conventional preset fiber sandpack column or rock core frac-pack fiber mode of riving, these means all cannot
Injection after simulation fiber and mixed with proppants, migration and the distributional pattern in crack, are differed with fiber fracturing scene reality
Very remote.The disappearance of laboratory experiment simulation meanses is so that migration rule in crack of fiber and proppant and distribution mode can not
Display directly perceived, can only assume, and the experimental result reliability recording is poor, hinder the development further of this technology.
Content of the invention
Due to the injection after simulation fiber and mixed with proppants, migration and the distributional pattern in crack, with fiber fracturing
Scene is actual to differ greatly.The disappearance of laboratory experiment simulation meanses so that migration rule in crack of fiber and proppant and
Distribution mode can not intuitively show, can only assume, and the experimental result reliability recording is poor, hinders the further of this technology
Development.
The present invention carries out scientific and reasonable analysis for above-mentioned situation, and a kind of independent research fiber mixing proppant crack is flowed
Dynamic model draft experiment apparatus and method.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of fiber mixing proppant flow in fracture analogue experiment installation, including crack box body, described crack tray interior
It is fixed with crack main box body, crack main box body fracture surface is provided with crack charging aperture, crack main box body passes through crack charging aperture
Connect with injection pump, be connected with the work material fluid reservoir of storage work material above injection pump, inside the main box body of described crack
It is equipped with crack auxiliary box body, described crack auxiliary box body fracture surface is relative with crack main box body fracture surface, crack auxiliary box body is female with crack
Box body passes through rotating shaft active link, is provided with hydraulic cavities, described hydraulic cavities between crack auxiliary box body and crack main box body fracture surface
Above it is disposed with hydraulic cavities inlet and hydraulic cavities liquid outlet from top to bottom, described hydraulic cavities inlet passes through pipeline successively
It is connected with hydraulic cavities injection pump, hydraulic cavities work liquid storage tank, at described hydraulic cavities liquid outlet, be connected with pressure gauge, back pressure in turn
Valve, fluid reservoir.
The tip of described crack main box body is provided with liquid outlet, and this liquid outlet passes through the port of export material that pipeline is provided with outside
Storage tank connects.
Hydraulic cavities are connected by sealing device with crack main box body.
Described sealing device is fluid sealant.
It is provided with photographic head, described photographic head is circumscribed with computer outside described glass mother's form, glass sub-window.
Described hydraulic cavities are air bag.
A kind of fiber mixing proppant flow in fracture analogue experiment method, comprises the following steps:
(1) check the integrity of fiber mixing proppant flow in fracture analogue experiment installation, open calorstat simulated formation
Temperature;Calorstat provides temperature for whole experiment, with simulated formation temperature conditionss;
(2) fracturing fluid prepad fluid is placed in working solution fluid reservoir, early stage first struts crack with it;Fiber mixing proppant
It is placed in another working solution fluid reservoir with the mixture of fracturing fluid after configuring;Inject this mixture after strutting crack, fiber with
The mass ratio of proppant is 5-30%;
(3) according to reservoir practical situation, pressure is applied to crack box body by fracture closure pressure analog, reaches
30-60mpa simulation fracture clossing pressure;
(4) by pressure gauge arrange port of export back-pressure valve pressure value be 20-30mpa, closure pressure exceed this value liquid from
Entrance point is discharged, and then discharges from the port of export less than this value;
(5) the fracturing fluid prepad fluid that can strut crack is injected in crack by injection pump, force fracture open, Ran Houtong
Cross injection pump 1 and internal diameter reaches the pipeline of 5-8mm and injects the mixed liquor of a certain amount of fiber, proppant and fracturing fluid, using taking the photograph
As material movement situation in head record crack, using pressure value in pressure table record seam, and observe crack outlet and bring out liquid situation;
(6), after motion conditions record in fiber mixing proppant seam, crack main box body, crack auxiliary box body are continued in constant temperature
Place some time in case, in order to observed and recorded fiber degradation situation, fiber can be simulated by re-injecting fracturing fluid prepad fluid
The impact of injection pressure in degraded opposite joint;
(7) after the completion of testing, the whole experiment of release fiber mixing proppant flow in fracture analogue experiment installation used
Pressure, maintaining experimental facilitiess, and arrange, analyze experimental data.
The technique effect of the present invention is:
By fluid reservoir, pump, pipeline, seam body, pressure glass vision panel, camera system, the vertical compression system in crack, pressure measurement dress
Put and thermostat forms a set of experimental provision for simulating fiber mixing proppant flow regime in crack so that operating
Safely, simple;
By appropriate design suction line, entrance perforation size, crack opening ways, pressure glass vision panel and shooting system
System, realizes the displaying directly perceived of fiber mixing proppant flow regime in crack.By fiber mixing proppant inlet device, seam
Body, the vertical compression system in crack, pressure tester and thermostat etc., accurate simulation fiber fracturing breakthrough pressure and research fiber are long
Degree diameter parameters, injection technology parameter, the affecting laws to pressure of whether degrading, such structure is novel.
Based on the fiber mixing proppant flow in fracture analogue experiment installation of design, set up collection and join liquid, pressure testing, infusion, survey
The fiber mixing proppant flow in fracture simulation evaluation method that the flow processs such as pressure, shooting record are integrated;This experimental provision and method
Fiber mixing proppant motor process in crack can more truly be simulated, safe operation, simple, automaticity and result can
Reliability is high.
It is described in detail below with reference to accompanying drawing.
Brief description
Fig. 1 fiber mixing proppant flow in fracture analogue experiment installation schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 crack box body schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 crack main box body schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 crack auxiliary box body schematic diagram.
In figure, brief description: 1, injection pump;2nd, work material storage tank;3rd, crack charging aperture;4th, fracture surface motion rail
Road;5th, crack box body;6th, photographic head;7th, computer;8th, port of export material storage tank;9th, hydraulic cavities working solution;10th, hydraulic cavities note
Enter pump;11st, fluid reservoir;12nd, back-pressure valve;13rd, hydraulic cavities inlet;14th, hydraulic cavities liquid outlet;15th, hydraulic cavities;16;Sealing dress
Put;17th, crack main box body;18th, crack auxiliary box body;19th, rotating shaft;20th, glass mother form;21st, glass sub-window;22nd, pressure gauge.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
Because fiber fracturing technical foundation is theoretical and in-house laboratory investigation lags behind engineering practice so that this technology shortage must
Wanting, science, system theoretical direction, it has also become restrict this technology and develop the bottleneck with popularization and application further.In fiber
Fracturing technique experimentation aspect, both at home and abroad with regard to the dispersibility of fiber, compatibility, the outstanding Static Property Study such as grittiness, degradability
More, and just more can reflect that fiber is distributed, temporarily blocks up, stablizes the dynamic flow simulation side of sand body characteristic in crack directly, comprehensively
How face, evaluated using conventional preset fiber sandpack column or rock core frac-pack fiber mode of riving, these means are equal
The injection after fiber and mixed with proppants, migration and the distributional pattern in crack cannot be simulated, actual with fiber fracturing scene
Differ greatly.The disappearance of laboratory experiment simulation meanses is so that migration rule in crack of fiber and proppant and distribution mode
Can not intuitively show, can only assume, and the experimental result reliability recording is poor, hinder the development further of this technology.
The present invention carries out scientific and reasonable analysis for above-mentioned situation, and a kind of independent research fiber mixing proppant crack is flowed
Dynamic model draft experiment apparatus and method, a kind of fiber mixing proppant flow in fracture analogue experiment installation as shown in Figure 1, including splitting
Seam box body 5, is fixed with crack main box body 17, crack main box body 17 fracture surface is provided with crack and enters inside described crack box body 5
Material mouth 3, crack main box body 17 is connected with injection pump 1 by crack charging aperture 3, is connected with storage work material above injection pump 1
Work material fluid reservoir 2, be equipped with crack auxiliary box body 18, described crack auxiliary box body 18 fracture surface inside described crack main box body 17
Relative with crack main box body 17 fracture surface, crack auxiliary box body 18 and crack main box body 17 pass through rotating shaft 19 active link, crack
It is provided with hydraulic cavities 15, described hydraulic cavities 15 above set gradually from top to bottom between box body 18 and crack main box body 17 fracture surface
Have hydraulic cavities inlet 13 and hydraulic cavities liquid outlet 14, described hydraulic cavities inlet 13 pass through pipeline successively with hydraulic cavities injection pump
10th, hydraulic cavities work liquid storage tank 9 connects, and is connected with pressure gauge 22, back-pressure valve 12 at described hydraulic cavities liquid outlet 14 in turn.
It is provided with crack main box body 17 inside crack box body 5 as described in Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, put in described crack main box body 17
There is crack auxiliary box body 18, described crack auxiliary box body 18 fracture surface is relative with crack main box body 17 fracture surface, and with rotating shaft 19 can be
Center is rotated, and described crack main box body 17 and described crack auxiliary box body 18 crack wall are equipped with glass mother's form 20, glass
Glass sub-window 21, the tip of described crack main box body 17 is provided with liquid outlet, and this liquid outlet passes through the outlet that pipeline is provided with outside
End material storage tank 8 connects, and the liquid in such crack main box body 17 is discharged by liquid outlet and is stored in the storage of port of export material
In tank 8, to be recorded with the liquid outlet quantity of port of export material storage tank 8 and to judge, thus obtaining experiment effect.
Hydraulic cavities 15 top described in fluid reservoir 11 be provided with fracture surface tracks 4, crack auxiliary box body 18 is in fracture surface
Swing in tracks 4.
It is used for the fluid reservoir 2 storing work material, the injection pump 1 material being injected Fracture System and pipe in the present embodiment
Line, for ensureing the smooth injection of fiber and proppant mixture, injection pumpage used is higher, and in pump discharge internal diameter and pipeline
Footpath is larger, and material fluid reservoir 2, injection pump 1 and pipeline collectively constitute material injection device.
Fracture closure pressure analog is by fracture surface tracks 4, hydraulic cavities 15, hydraulic cavities work liquid storage tank 9, hydraulic pressure
Chamber injection pump 10, hydraulic cavities inlet 13, hydraulic cavities liquid outlet 14, hydraulic cavities outlet back-pressure valve 12 and crack box body 5 and sealing
Device 16 forms, and crack box body 5 is provided with, with hydraulic cavities 15, the carriage matching with fracture surface tracks 4, by
In hydraulic cavities 15, injection working solution forces hydraulic cavities to expand, thus promoting crack auxiliary box body 18 mobile to crack main box body 17, reaches
Arrive the purpose applying fracture closure pressure, its pressure value can be read by hydraulic cavities pressure gauge 22.
Fracture System is made up of crack main box body 17, crack auxiliary box body 18 and rotating shaft 19, and crack auxiliary box body 18 is placed in crack
In main box body 17, make crack auxiliary box body 18 fracture surface relative with crack main box body 17 fracture surface, and can be entered centered on rotating shaft 19
Row rotates, thus simulation fracture breakdown action, crack main box body 17 is carried out using encapsulant with crack auxiliary box body 18 contact surface
Sealing, is provided with liquid outlet and port of export material storage tank 8 in box body rotating shaft 19 part, in order to collect the material flowing out crack, goes out
Oral area is in charge of line and is provided with back-pressure valve, for controlling outlet pressures;Crack main box body 17 and crack auxiliary box body 18 crack wall
It is equipped with glass mother's form 20, glass sub-window 21, for observing fiber and proppant mixture motion morphology in crack.
Embodiment 2:
On the basis of embodiment 1, also include photographic head 6, described photographic head 6 be arranged on described glass mother's form 20,
Outside glass sub-window 21, described photographic head 6 is circumscribed with computer 7.
Photographic head 6 is high speed camera, and the present embodiment selected pixels are the high speed camera of 300w imaging record.
Glass mother's form 20, the external photographic head 6 being connected with computer 7 of glass sub-window 21, open for recording crack,
Extend and its materials inside flow regime.
Connect external computer 7, energy directly processing data, efficiently quickly reach simulated state.
Embodiment 3:
Rived frac-pack fiber using preset fiber sandpack column or rock core based on being directed in embodiment 1 and embodiment 2
Mode is simulated fiber and is temporarily blocked up, stablizes the experimentations such as sand body, breakthrough pressure and actual difference is larger, acquired results poor reliability
Problem, the present invention is by fiber mixing proppant inlet device, seam body, the vertical compression system in crack, pressure tester and constant temperature dress
Put, accurate simulation fiber fracturing breakthrough pressure and research fibre length diameter parameters, injection technology parameter, whether degrade to pressure
The affecting laws of power.
Based on the fiber mixing proppant flow in fracture analogue experiment installation of design, set up collection and join liquid, pressure testing, infusion, survey
The fiber mixing proppant flow in fracture simulation evaluation method that the flow processs such as pressure, shooting record are integrated.
Meanwhile, the invention also discloses one kind is easy and simple to handle, realize convenient, flexible operation mode and automaticity and knot
Fiber mixing proppant flow in fracture simulation evaluation method really with a high credibility is it is characterised in that the method comprises the following steps:
(1) check the integrity of fiber mixing proppant flow in fracture analogue experiment installation, open calorstat simulated formation
Temperature;Calorstat provides temperature for whole experiment, with simulated formation temperature conditionss;
(2) fracturing fluid prepad fluid is placed in working solution fluid reservoir 2, early stage first struts crack with it;Fiber mixing supports
The mixture of agent and fracturing fluid is placed in another working solution fluid reservoir 2 after configuring;This mixture, fiber is injected after strutting crack
It is 5-30% with the mass ratio of proppant, typically with pressure break biodegradable fiber, quartz sand selected by proppant to fiber here;
(3) according to reservoir practical situation, pressure is applied to crack box body 5 by fracture closure pressure analog, reaches
30-60mpa simulation fracture clossing pressure;
(4) arranging port of export back-pressure valve pressure value by pressure gauge 22 is 20-30mpa, and closure pressure exceedes this value liquid
Discharge from entrance point, then discharge from the port of export less than this value;
(5) the fracturing fluid prepad fluid that can strut crack is injected in crack by injection pump 1, force fracture open, then
Inject the mixed liquor of a certain amount of fiber, proppant and fracturing fluid by the pipeline that injection pump 1 and internal diameter reach 5-8mm, use
Photographic head 6 record crack in material movement situation, using pressure gauge 22 record seam in pressure value, and observe crack outlet bring out liquid
Situation;
(6), after motion conditions record in fiber mixing proppant seam, crack main box body 17, crack auxiliary box body 18 are continued
Place some time in calorstat, in order to observed and recorded fiber degradation situation, can be simulated by re-injecting fracturing fluid prepad fluid
The impact of injection pressure in fiber degradation opposite joint;
(7) after the completion of testing, the whole experiment of release fiber mixing proppant flow in fracture analogue experiment installation used
Pressure, maintaining experimental facilitiess, and arrange, analyze experimental data.
In experimentation, different temperature can be arranged by calorstat, be supported with simulating the mixing of the fiber under different temperatures
Agent motion conditions;Simulate the fiber seam of variable concentrations by configuring the mixed liquor of variable concentrations fiber mixing proppant and fracturing fluid
Interior motion conditions;By under the different different fracture closure pressure of clossing pressure simulation of fracture closure pressure analog setting
Fiber mixing proppant motion conditions;After motion conditions record in fiber mixing proppant seam, continue to place different time moulds
Intend fiber degradation situation under different time, injection in fiber degradation opposite joint under different time can be simulated by re-injecting fracturing fluid
The impact of pressure.
The fracturing fluid prepad fluid that the present embodiment is adopted, fracturing fluid are all conventional reagent, do not require here, the present invention
Involved chemical reagent, without doing specified otherwise, is the reagent of routine well known in the art.
This experimental provision in simulation fiber mixing proppant stitches in addition to mobility status, be equally applicable to pure fiber slug,
Pure particle diverting agent slug, gel slug, mobility status in crack for the pure proppant, basic experiment step is ibid.
Be more than by embodiment, the present invention is specifically described it is necessary to it is pointed out here that be the present embodiment be only this
Invention preferred embodiment, not the present invention is imposed any restrictions, every according to the technology of the present invention essence to following examples institute
Any simple modification, change and the equivalent structure change made, all still falls within the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention.This reality
The part of narration and structure and technique in detail does not belong to well-known components and common structure or the conventional means of the industry, here to apply example
Do not describe one by one.