CN104405812B - Energy feedback shock absorber with damping stiffness changing along with road condition - Google Patents
Energy feedback shock absorber with damping stiffness changing along with road condition Download PDFInfo
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- CN104405812B CN104405812B CN201410648740.6A CN201410648740A CN104405812B CN 104405812 B CN104405812 B CN 104405812B CN 201410648740 A CN201410648740 A CN 201410648740A CN 104405812 B CN104405812 B CN 104405812B
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- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000035772 mutation Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 23
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/06—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using both gas and liquid
- F16F9/08—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using both gas and liquid where gas is in a chamber with a flexible wall
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G7/00—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for
- F03G7/08—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for recovering energy derived from swinging, rolling, pitching or like movements, e.g. from the vibrations of a machine
- F03G7/081—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for recovering energy derived from swinging, rolling, pitching or like movements, e.g. from the vibrations of a machine recovering energy from moving road or rail vehicles, e.g. collecting vehicle vibrations in the vehicle tyres or shock absorbers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/3207—Constructional features
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/3207—Constructional features
- F16F9/3214—Constructional features of pistons
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Supply Devices, Intensifiers, Converters, And Telemotors (AREA)
- Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种阻尼刚度随路况变化的馈能减振器，其采用组合式活塞结构，组成的第一曲路节流油道和第二曲路节流油道，使缸筒上腔油液通过第一曲路节流油道、活塞杆第一油道与液压系统相连，使缸筒下腔油液通过第二曲路节流油道、活塞杆第二油道与液压系统相连，实现压力油流循环发电，减振器的振动能量转化为可存储的电能；置于缸筒底部的气囊与油气分离压力平衡式蓄能器气体腔连通，气囊的弹性变形使其体积增大或减小，有效解决了活塞滑动时缸筒上下腔容积变化不等的问题；控制装置根据第一压力传感器和第二压力传感器获得的压力突变反馈，适当延迟有关电磁单向阀开启时间，实现减振器阻尼刚度随路况变化的自适应调节，降低车架与车桥间振动的频率和振幅，能有效保护车架免遭破坏。
The invention discloses an energy-feeding shock absorber whose damping stiffness changes with road conditions. It adopts a combined piston structure, and consists of a first curved throttle oil passage and a second curved throttle oil passage, so that the upper chamber of the cylinder The oil is connected to the hydraulic system through the first curved throttle oil passage and the first oil passage of the piston rod, so that the oil in the lower chamber of the cylinder is connected to the hydraulic system through the second curved throttle oil passage and the second oil passage of the piston rod , to achieve pressure oil flow cycle power generation, the vibration energy of the shock absorber is converted into storable electric energy; the air bag placed at the bottom of the cylinder is connected to the gas chamber of the oil-gas separation pressure balance accumulator, and the elastic deformation of the air bag increases its volume or reduced, which effectively solves the problem of unequal volume changes in the upper and lower chambers of the cylinder when the piston slides; the control device appropriately delays the opening time of the electromagnetic check valve according to the pressure mutation feedback obtained by the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor, and realizes The adaptive adjustment of the damping stiffness of the shock absorber as the road conditions change reduces the frequency and amplitude of the vibration between the frame and the axle, and can effectively protect the frame from damage.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及减振器领域，特别涉及一种阻尼刚度随路况变化的馈能减振器。The invention relates to the field of shock absorbers, in particular to an energy-feeding shock absorber whose damping stiffness changes with road conditions.
背景技术Background technique
现有应用于重型工程车辆上的减振器，在减振性能方面存在着减振器阻尼刚度不能随路况进行调整，使车架与车桥间产生频繁、剧烈的相对运动，不仅降低了悬架的使用寿命，而且振动所产生的能量以废热散发掉了，对悬架造成损害的同时造成了无谓的能量损失。Existing shock absorbers used on heavy engineering vehicles have the problem that the damping stiffness of the shock absorber cannot be adjusted with the road conditions in terms of shock absorption performance, which causes frequent and severe relative movements between the frame and the axle, which not only reduces the suspension The service life of the frame, and the energy generated by the vibration is dissipated as waste heat, which causes unnecessary energy loss while causing damage to the suspension.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种阻尼刚度随路况变化的馈能减振器。The object of the present invention is to provide an energy-feeding shock absorber whose damping stiffness changes with road conditions.
本发明是由馈能减振器、液压装置、发电装置、第一高压油管、第二高压油管和高压气管组成。The invention is composed of an energy-feeding shock absorber, a hydraulic device, a power generation device, a first high-pressure oil pipe, a second high-pressure oil pipe and a high-pressure air pipe.
所述的馈能减振器是由防尘罩、缸筒、组合式活塞、活塞杆、单耳环、气囊、气囊护罩和端盖组成，防尘罩设有圆孔，缸筒设有单耳环和圆孔。The energy-feeding shock absorber is composed of a dust cover, a cylinder, a combined piston, a piston rod, a single clevis, an air bag, an air bag shield and an end cover, the dust cover is provided with a round hole, and the cylinder is provided with a single Earrings and eyelets.
所述的组合式活塞是由第一圆盘、第二圆盘、第三圆盘、第四圆盘、两个定位销、六个螺栓和六个螺母组成，第一圆盘设有第一圆孔、第二圆孔、两个第三圆孔、第一定位销孔、第二定位销孔和六个第一螺栓孔；第二圆盘设有第一E形孔、第四圆孔、第三定位销孔、第四定位销孔和六个第二螺栓孔；The combined piston is composed of a first disk, a second disk, a third disk, a fourth disk, two positioning pins, six bolts and six nuts, and the first disk is provided with a first Round hole, second round hole, two third round holes, first positioning pin hole, second positioning pin hole and six first bolt holes; the second disk is provided with the first E-shaped hole, the fourth round hole , the third positioning pin hole, the fourth positioning pin hole and six second bolt holes;
第三圆盘设有第二E形孔、第五定位销孔、第六定位销孔和六个第三螺栓孔；第四圆盘设有两个第五圆孔、第七定位销孔、第八定位销孔和六个第四螺栓孔；The third disc is provided with a second E-shaped hole, the fifth positioning pin hole, the sixth positioning pin hole and six third bolt holes; the fourth disc is provided with two fifth round holes, the seventh positioning pin hole, The eighth positioning pin hole and the six fourth bolt holes;
所述的活塞杆设有第一铅垂圆孔、第二铅垂圆孔、第一水平圆孔、第二水平圆孔，第一铅垂圆孔和第一水平圆孔连通，组成活塞杆第一油道，第二铅垂圆孔和第二水平圆孔连通，组成活塞杆第二油道；The piston rod is provided with a first vertical round hole, a second vertical round hole, a first horizontal round hole, and a second horizontal round hole, and the first vertical round hole communicates with the first horizontal round hole to form a piston rod The first oil passage, the second vertical round hole and the second horizontal round hole are connected to form the second oil passage of the piston rod;
所述的气囊设有螺纹管接头；气囊护罩设有圆孔；端盖设有圆孔；The airbag is provided with a threaded pipe joint; the airbag shield is provided with a round hole; the end cover is provided with a round hole;
所述的液压装置是由液压马达、油气分离压力平衡式蓄能器、第一电磁单向阀、第二电磁单向阀、第三电磁单向阀、第四电磁单向阀、第三高压油管、第四高压油管、第五高压油管、第六高压油管、第七高压油管、第八高压油管、第一压力传感器和第二压力传感器组成，油气分离压力平衡式蓄能器内设有弹性隔膜，将其分成液体腔和气体腔；The hydraulic device is composed of a hydraulic motor, an oil-gas separation pressure balance accumulator, a first electromagnetic one-way valve, a second electromagnetic one-way valve, a third electromagnetic one-way valve, a fourth electromagnetic one-way valve, a third high-pressure oil pipe, the fourth high-pressure oil pipe, the fifth high-pressure oil pipe, the sixth high-pressure oil pipe, the seventh high-pressure oil pipe, the eighth high-pressure oil pipe, the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor. a diaphragm, which divides it into a liquid chamber and a gas chamber;
所述的发电装置是由发电机、控制装置、DC/DC变换器、电容、蓄电池、压力反馈电路和电磁单向阀控制电路组成。The power generating device is composed of a generator, a control device, a DC/DC converter, a capacitor, a storage battery, a pressure feedback circuit and an electromagnetic one-way valve control circuit.
定位销与第一圆盘的第一定位销孔、第二圆盘的第三定位销孔、第三圆盘的第五定位销孔和第四圆盘的第七定位销孔同轴穿入，再将另一个定位销与第一圆盘的第二定位销孔、第二圆盘的第四定位销孔、第三圆盘的第六定位销孔和第四圆盘的第八定位销孔同轴穿入，第一圆盘的六个第一螺栓孔、第二圆盘的六个第二螺栓孔、第三圆盘的六个第三螺栓孔和第四圆盘的六个第四螺栓孔形成六个同轴螺栓孔，六个螺栓依次同轴穿入六个螺栓孔，螺母采用对角旋入螺栓预紧，组成组合式活塞；第一圆盘的两个第三圆孔通过第二圆盘的第一E形孔与第一圆盘的第一圆孔连通，形成第一曲路节流油道；第四圆盘的两个第五圆孔通过第三圆盘的第二E形孔和第二圆盘的第四圆孔与第一圆盘的第二圆孔连通，形成第二曲路节流油道；The locating pin is coaxially inserted into the first locating pin hole of the first disc, the third locating pin hole of the second disc, the fifth locating pin hole of the third disc and the seventh locating pin hole of the fourth disc , and then connect another locating pin with the second locating pin hole of the first disc, the fourth locating pin hole of the second disc, the sixth locating pin hole of the third disc and the eighth locating pin of the fourth disc The holes penetrate coaxially, the six first bolt holes of the first disc, the six second bolt holes of the second disc, the six third bolt holes of the third disc and the six third bolt holes of the fourth disc. The four bolt holes form six coaxial bolt holes, and the six bolts penetrate into the six bolt holes coaxially in turn, and the nuts are pre-tightened by screwing in the bolts diagonally to form a combined piston; the two third round holes of the first disc The first E-shaped hole of the second disc communicates with the first circular hole of the first disc to form a first labyrinth throttling oil passage; the two fifth circular holes of the fourth disc pass through the The second E-shaped hole and the fourth round hole of the second disc communicate with the second round hole of the first disc to form a second labyrinth throttling oil passage;
将活塞杆的第一铅垂圆孔和第二铅垂圆孔分别与组合式活塞的第一圆盘的第一圆孔和第二圆孔同轴，将活塞杆与组合式活塞密封固连成一体；The first vertical round hole and the second vertical round hole of the piston rod are coaxial with the first round hole and the second round hole of the first disc of the combined piston respectively, and the piston rod and the combined piston are sealed and fixed into one;
将气囊置入气囊保护罩内，使气囊上的螺纹管接头从气囊保护罩上的圆孔穿出固连成一体，气囊上的螺纹管接头与缸筒上的圆孔同轴，气囊保护罩置入缸筒底部，气囊上的螺纹管接头从缸筒上的圆孔穿出密封固连成一体，端盖的圆孔与活塞杆同轴，端盖套设于活塞杆上，组合式活塞与缸筒同轴，组合式活塞穿设于缸筒内，端盖密封固连于缸筒上；防尘罩的圆孔与活塞杆同轴，防尘罩套设于活塞杆上固连成一体；单耳环固连于活塞杆上；Put the airbag into the airbag protective cover, make the threaded pipe joint on the airbag pass through the round hole on the airbag protective cover and connect them together. The threaded pipe joint on the airbag is coaxial with the round hole on the cylinder, and the airbag protective cover Inserted into the bottom of the cylinder, the threaded pipe joint on the airbag passes through the round hole on the cylinder to form a sealed and solid connection. The round hole of the end cover is coaxial with the piston rod, and the end cover is sleeved on the piston rod. The combined piston Coaxial with the cylinder, the combined piston is installed in the cylinder, and the end cover is sealed and fixed on the cylinder; the round hole of the dust cover is coaxial with the piston rod, and the dust cover is sleeved on the piston rod and fixedly connected to form a One piece; the single clevis is fixedly connected to the piston rod;
第三高压油管将第一电磁单向阀和第二电磁单向阀连接，第四高压油管将第三电磁单向阀和第四电磁单向阀连接，第五高压油管将第一电磁单向阀和第四电磁单向阀连接，第六高压油管将第二电磁单向阀和第三电磁单向阀连接，第七高压油管的一端与第三高压油管连接，第七高压油管的另一端与液压马达进油口连接，油气分离压力平衡式蓄能器的液体腔与第七高压油管连接，第八高压油管的一端与液压马达出油口连接，第八高压油管的另一端与第四高压油管连接，高压气管的一端与固连于缸筒上的气囊的螺纹管接头连接，高压气管的另一端与油气分离压力平衡式蓄能器的气体腔连接；The third high-pressure oil pipe connects the first electromagnetic one-way valve with the second electromagnetic one-way valve, the fourth high-pressure oil pipe connects the third electromagnetic one-way valve with the fourth electromagnetic one-way valve, and the fifth high-pressure oil pipe connects the first electromagnetic one-way valve The valve is connected to the fourth electromagnetic one-way valve, the sixth high-pressure oil pipe connects the second electromagnetic one-way valve to the third electromagnetic one-way valve, one end of the seventh high-pressure oil pipe is connected to the third high-pressure oil pipe, and the other end of the seventh high-pressure oil pipe It is connected to the oil inlet of the hydraulic motor, the liquid chamber of the oil-gas separation pressure balance accumulator is connected to the seventh high-pressure oil pipe, one end of the eighth high-pressure oil pipe is connected to the oil outlet of the hydraulic motor, and the other end of the eighth high-pressure oil pipe is connected to the fourth The high-pressure oil pipe is connected, one end of the high-pressure air pipe is connected to the threaded pipe joint of the air bag fixed on the cylinder, and the other end of the high-pressure air pipe is connected to the gas chamber of the oil-gas separation pressure balance accumulator;
第一高压油管的一端密封固连于活塞杆的第一水平圆孔上，第一高压油管的另一端与第五高压油管连接，第一压力传感器安装于第一高压油管上，第二高压油管的一端固连于活塞杆的第二水平圆孔上，第二高压油管的另一端与第六高压油管连接，第二压力传感器安装于第二高压油管上；One end of the first high-pressure oil pipe is sealed and fixedly connected to the first horizontal hole of the piston rod, the other end of the first high-pressure oil pipe is connected to the fifth high-pressure oil pipe, the first pressure sensor is installed on the first high-pressure oil pipe, and the second high-pressure oil pipe One end of one end is fixedly connected to the second horizontal circular hole of the piston rod, the other end of the second high-pressure oil pipe is connected to the sixth high-pressure oil pipe, and the second pressure sensor is installed on the second high-pressure oil pipe;
发电机与液压马达同轴连接，控制装置、电容和蓄电池并联，并联后的控制装置、电容和蓄电池与DC/DC变换器和发电机串联，压力反馈电路将第一压力传感器和第二压力传感器与控制装置相连，电磁单向阀控制电路将第一电磁单向阀、第二电磁单向阀、第三电磁单向阀和第四电磁单向阀与控制装置相连。The generator is connected coaxially with the hydraulic motor, the control device, capacitor and storage battery are connected in parallel, the control device, capacitor and storage battery connected in parallel are connected in series with the DC/DC converter and generator, and the pressure feedback circuit connects the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor It is connected with the control device, and the electromagnetic one-way valve control circuit connects the first electromagnetic one-way valve, the second electromagnetic one-way valve, the third electromagnetic one-way valve and the fourth electromagnetic one-way valve with the control device.
本发明的有益效果：Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1、本发明采用组合式活塞结构，组成的第一曲路节流油道和第二曲路节流油道，使缸筒上腔油液通过第一曲路节流油道、活塞杆第一油道与液压系统相连，使缸筒下腔油液通过第二曲路节流油道、活塞杆第二油道与液压系统相连，实现压力油流循环发电，减振器的振动能量转化为可存储的电能；1. The present invention adopts a combined piston structure, which consists of the first curved throttle oil passage and the second curved throttle oil passage, so that the oil in the upper chamber of the cylinder barrel passes through the first curved throttle oil passage, the piston rod second The first oil passage is connected to the hydraulic system, so that the oil in the lower chamber of the cylinder barrel is connected to the hydraulic system through the second curved road throttling oil passage, and the second oil passage of the piston rod is connected to the hydraulic system to realize the circulation of pressure oil flow and power generation, and the vibration energy conversion of the shock absorber is storable electrical energy;
2、置于缸筒底部的气囊与油气分离压力平衡式蓄能器气体腔连通，气囊的弹性变形使其体积增大或减小，有效解决了活塞滑动时缸筒上下腔容积变化不等的问题；2. The air bag placed at the bottom of the cylinder communicates with the gas cavity of the oil-gas separation pressure balance type accumulator. The elastic deformation of the air bag makes the volume increase or decrease, which effectively solves the problem of unequal volume changes in the upper and lower chambers of the cylinder when the piston slides. question;
3、控制装置根据第一压力传感器和第二压力传感器获得的压力突变反馈，适当延迟有关电磁单向阀开启时间，实现减振器阻尼刚度随路况变化的自适应调节，降低车架与车桥间振动的频率和振幅，能有效保护车架免遭破坏。3. According to the pressure mutation feedback obtained by the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor, the control device appropriately delays the opening time of the relevant electromagnetic check valve to realize the self-adaptive adjustment of the damping stiffness of the shock absorber as the road conditions change, reducing the frame and axle pressure. The frequency and amplitude of vibration can effectively protect the frame from damage.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.
图2为本发明之馈能减振器立体示意图。Fig. 2 is a three-dimensional schematic view of the energy-feeding shock absorber of the present invention.
图3为本发明之馈能减振器立体剖视示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a three-dimensional sectional view of the energy-feeding shock absorber of the present invention.
图4为本发明之馈能减振器的组合式活塞立体分解示意图。Fig. 4 is a three-dimensional exploded schematic view of the combined piston of the energy-feeding shock absorber of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
请参阅图1、图2、图3和图4所示，本实施例是由馈能减振器1、液压装置2、发电装置4、第一高压油管5、第二高压油管6和高压气管7组成。Please refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the present embodiment is composed of energy-feeding shock absorber 1, hydraulic device 2, power generation device 4, first high-pressure oil pipe 5, second high-pressure oil pipe 6 and high-pressure air pipe 7 composition.
所述的馈能减振器1是由防尘罩11、缸筒12、组合式活塞13、活塞杆14、单耳环15、气囊16、气囊护罩17和端盖18组成，防尘罩11设有圆孔111；缸筒12设有单耳环121和圆孔122；The energy-feeding shock absorber 1 is composed of a dust cover 11, a cylinder 12, a combined piston 13, a piston rod 14, a single clevis 15, an air bag 16, an air bag shield 17 and an end cover 18. The dust cover 11 There is a round hole 111; the cylinder 12 is provided with a single earring 121 and a round hole 122;
所述的组合式活塞13是由第一圆盘131、第二圆盘132、第三圆盘133、第四圆盘134、两个定位销135、六个螺栓136和六个螺母137组成，第一圆盘131设有第一圆孔1311、第二圆孔1312、两个第三圆孔1313、第一定位销孔1314、第二定位销孔1315和六个第一螺栓孔1316；第二圆盘132设有第一E形孔1321、第四圆孔1322、第三定位销孔1323、第四定位销孔1324和六个第二螺栓孔1325；第三圆盘133设有第二E形孔1331、第五定位销孔1332、第六定位销孔1333和六个第三螺栓孔1334；第四圆盘134设有两个第五圆孔1341、第七定位销孔1342、第八定位销孔1343和六个第四螺栓孔1344；The combined piston 13 is composed of a first disc 131, a second disc 132, a third disc 133, a fourth disc 134, two positioning pins 135, six bolts 136 and six nuts 137, The first disc 131 is provided with a first circular hole 1311, a second circular hole 1312, two third circular holes 1313, a first positioning pin hole 1314, a second positioning pin hole 1315 and six first bolt holes 1316; The second disc 132 is provided with the first E-shaped hole 1321, the fourth circular hole 1322, the third positioning pin hole 1323, the fourth positioning pin hole 1324 and six second bolt holes 1325; the third disc 133 is provided with the second E-shaped hole 1331, the fifth positioning pin hole 1332, the sixth positioning pin hole 1333 and six third bolt holes 1334; the fourth disc 134 is provided with two fifth circular holes 1341, the seventh positioning pin hole 1342, Eight positioning pin holes 1343 and six fourth bolt holes 1344;
所述的活塞杆14设有第一铅垂圆孔141、第二铅垂圆孔142、第一水平圆孔143、第二水平圆孔144，第一铅垂圆孔141和第一水平圆孔143连通，组成活塞杆第一油道，第二铅垂圆孔142和第二水平圆孔144连通，组成活塞杆第二油道；气囊16设有螺纹管接头161；气囊护罩17设有圆孔171；端盖18设有圆孔181；Described piston rod 14 is provided with the first vertical circular hole 141, the second vertical circular hole 142, the first horizontal circular hole 143, the second horizontal circular hole 144, the first vertical circular hole 141 and the first horizontal circular hole The hole 143 communicates to form the first oil passage of the piston rod, and the second vertical circular hole 142 communicates with the second horizontal circular hole 144 to form the second oil passage of the piston rod; the air bag 16 is provided with a threaded pipe joint 161; the air bag shield 17 is provided with There is a round hole 171; the end cover 18 is provided with a round hole 181;
所述的液压装置2是由液压马达21、油气分离压力平衡式蓄能器22、第一电磁单向阀23、第二电磁单向阀24、第三电磁单向阀25、第四电磁单向阀26、第三高压油管27、第四高压油管28、第五高压油管29、第六高压油管30、第七高压油管31、第八高压油管32、第一压力传感器33和第二压力传感器34组成，油气分离压力平衡式蓄能器22内设有弹性隔膜221，将其分成液体腔222和气体腔223；The hydraulic device 2 is composed of a hydraulic motor 21, an oil-gas separation pressure balance accumulator 22, a first electromagnetic one-way valve 23, a second electromagnetic one-way valve 24, a third electromagnetic one-way valve 25, and a fourth electromagnetic one-way valve. Directional valve 26, third high pressure oil pipe 27, fourth high pressure oil pipe 28, fifth high pressure oil pipe 29, sixth high pressure oil pipe 30, seventh high pressure oil pipe 31, eighth high pressure oil pipe 32, first pressure sensor 33 and second pressure sensor 34, the oil-gas separation pressure balance accumulator 22 is provided with an elastic diaphragm 221, which is divided into a liquid chamber 222 and a gas chamber 223;
所述的发电装置4是由发电机41、控制装置42、DC/DC变换器43、电容44、蓄电池45、压力反馈电路46和电磁单向阀控制电路47组成。The power generating device 4 is composed of a generator 41 , a control device 42 , a DC/DC converter 43 , a capacitor 44 , a storage battery 45 , a pressure feedback circuit 46 and an electromagnetic check valve control circuit 47 .
定位销135与第一圆盘131的第一定位销孔1314、第二圆盘132的第三定位销孔1323、第三圆盘133的第五定位销孔1332和第四圆盘134的第七定位销孔1342同轴穿入，再将另一个定位销135与第一圆盘131的第二定位销孔1315、第二圆盘132的第四定位销孔1324、第三圆盘133的第六定位销孔1333和第四圆盘134的第八定位销孔1343同轴穿入，第一圆盘131的六个第一螺栓孔1316、第二圆盘132的六个第二螺栓孔1325、第三圆盘133的六个第三螺栓孔1334和第四圆盘134的六个第四螺栓孔1344形成六个同轴螺栓孔，六个螺栓136依次同轴穿入六个螺栓孔，螺母137采用对角旋入螺栓136预紧，组成组合式活塞13；第一圆盘131的两个第三圆孔1313通过第二圆盘132的第一E形孔1321与第一圆盘131的第一圆孔1311连通，形成第一曲路节流油道；第四圆盘134的两个第五圆孔1341通过第三圆盘133的第二E形孔1331和第二圆盘132的第四圆孔1322与第一圆盘131的第二圆孔1312连通，形成第二曲路节流油道；Locating pin 135 and the 1st locating pin hole 1314 of first disc 131, the 3rd locating pin hole 1323 of second disc 132, the 5th locating pin hole 1332 of the 3rd disc 133 and the 4th disc 134. Seven positioning pin holes 1342 coaxially penetrate, and then another positioning pin 135 is connected with the second positioning pin hole 1315 of the first disc 131, the fourth positioning pin hole 1324 of the second disc 132, and the third disc 133. The sixth positioning pin hole 1333 and the eighth positioning pin hole 1343 of the fourth disc 134 penetrate coaxially, the six first bolt holes 1316 of the first disc 131 and the six second bolt holes of the second disc 132 1325, the six third bolt holes 1334 of the third disk 133 and the six fourth bolt holes 1344 of the fourth disk 134 form six coaxial bolt holes, and the six bolts 136 are coaxially penetrated into the six bolt holes sequentially , the nut 137 is pre-tightened by screwing in the bolt 136 diagonally to form a combined piston 13; the two third circular holes 1313 of the first disc 131 pass through the first E-shaped hole 1321 of the second disc 132 and the first disc The first round hole 1311 of 131 communicates to form the first labyrinth throttling oil passage; the two fifth round holes 1341 of the fourth disc 134 pass through the second E-shaped hole 1331 of the third disc 133 and the second disc The fourth round hole 1322 of 132 communicates with the second round hole 1312 of the first disc 131 to form a second labyrinth throttling oil passage;
将活塞杆14的第一铅垂圆孔141和第二铅垂圆孔142分别与组合式活塞13的第一圆盘的第一圆孔1311和第二圆孔1312同轴，将活塞杆14与组合式活塞13密封固连成一体；The first vertical circular hole 141 and the second vertical circular hole 142 of the piston rod 14 are coaxial with the first circular hole 1311 and the second circular hole 1312 of the first disk of the combined piston 13 respectively, and the piston rod 14 It is sealed and firmly connected with the combined piston 13;
将气囊16置入气囊保护罩17内，使气囊16上的螺纹管接头161从气囊保护罩17上的圆孔171穿出固连成一体，气囊16上的螺纹管接头161与缸筒12上的圆孔122同轴，气囊保护罩17置入缸筒12底部，气囊16上的螺纹管接头161从缸筒12上的圆孔122穿出密封固连成一体，端盖18的圆孔181与活塞杆14同轴，端盖18套设于活塞杆14上，组合式活塞13与缸筒12同轴，组合式活塞13穿设于缸筒12内，端盖18密封固连于缸筒12上；防尘罩11的圆孔111与活塞杆14同轴，防尘罩11套设于活塞杆14上固连成一体；单耳环15固连于活塞杆14上；The airbag 16 is placed in the airbag protective cover 17, and the threaded pipe joint 161 on the airbag 16 is passed through the round hole 171 on the airbag protective cover 17 to be connected into one body. The round hole 122 is coaxial, the airbag protective cover 17 is put into the bottom of the cylinder 12, the threaded pipe joint 161 on the airbag 16 passes through the round hole 122 on the cylinder 12, and is tightly connected into one body, and the round hole 181 of the end cover 18 Coaxial with the piston rod 14, the end cover 18 is sleeved on the piston rod 14, the combined piston 13 is coaxial with the cylinder 12, the combined piston 13 is installed in the cylinder 12, and the end cover 18 is sealed and fixed to the cylinder 12; the round hole 111 of the dust cover 11 is coaxial with the piston rod 14, and the dust cover 11 is sleeved on the piston rod 14 and connected into one; the single clevis 15 is fixed on the piston rod 14;
第三高压油管27将第一电磁单向阀23和第二电磁单向阀24连接，第四高压油管28将第三电磁单向阀25和第四电磁单向阀26连接，第五高压油管29将第一电磁单向阀23和第四电磁单向阀26连接，第六高压油管30将第二电磁单向阀24和第三电磁单向阀25连接，第七高压油管31的一端与第三高压油管27连接，第七高压油管31的另一端与液压马达21进油口连接，油气分离压力平衡式蓄能器22的液体腔222与第七高压油管31连接，第八高压油管32的一端与液压马达21出油口连接，第八高压油管32的另一端与第四高压油管28连接，高压气管7的一端与固连于缸筒上的气囊16的螺纹管接头161连接，高压气管7的另一端与油气分离压力平衡式蓄能器22的气体腔223连接；The third high-pressure oil pipe 27 connects the first electromagnetic one-way valve 23 and the second electromagnetic one-way valve 24, the fourth high-pressure oil pipe 28 connects the third electromagnetic one-way valve 25 and the fourth electromagnetic one-way valve 26, and the fifth high-pressure oil pipe 29 connects the first electromagnetic one-way valve 23 and the fourth electromagnetic one-way valve 26, the sixth high-pressure oil pipe 30 connects the second electromagnetic one-way valve 24 and the third electromagnetic one-way valve 25, and one end of the seventh high-pressure oil pipe 31 is connected to The third high-pressure oil pipe 27 is connected, the other end of the seventh high-pressure oil pipe 31 is connected with the oil inlet of the hydraulic motor 21, the liquid chamber 222 of the oil-gas separation pressure balance type accumulator 22 is connected with the seventh high-pressure oil pipe 31, and the eighth high-pressure oil pipe 32 One end of the eighth high-pressure oil pipe 32 is connected to the oil outlet of the hydraulic motor 21, the other end of the eighth high-pressure oil pipe 32 is connected to the fourth high-pressure oil pipe 28, and one end of the high-pressure air pipe 7 is connected to the threaded pipe joint 161 of the air bag 16 fixed on the cylinder barrel. The other end of the gas pipe 7 is connected to the gas chamber 223 of the oil-gas separation pressure balance accumulator 22;
第一高压油管5的一端密封固连于活塞杆14的第一水平圆孔143上，第一高压油管5的另一端与第五高压油管29连接，第一压力传感器33安装于第一高压油管5上，第二高压油管6的一端固连于活塞杆14的第二水平圆孔144上，第二高压油管6的另一端与第六高压油管30连接，第二压力传感器34安装于第二高压油管6上；One end of the first high-pressure oil pipe 5 is sealed and fixedly connected to the first horizontal hole 143 of the piston rod 14, the other end of the first high-pressure oil pipe 5 is connected to the fifth high-pressure oil pipe 29, and the first pressure sensor 33 is installed on the first high-pressure oil pipe. 5, one end of the second high-pressure oil pipe 6 is fixedly connected to the second horizontal hole 144 of the piston rod 14, the other end of the second high-pressure oil pipe 6 is connected to the sixth high-pressure oil pipe 30, and the second pressure sensor 34 is installed on the second On the high-pressure oil pipe 6;
发电机41与液压马达21同轴连接，控制装置42、电容44和蓄电池45并联，并联后的控制装置42、电容44和蓄电池45与DC/DC变换器43和发电机41串联，压力反馈电路46将第一压力传感器33和第二压力传感器34与控制装置42相连，电磁单向阀控制电路47将第一电磁单向阀23、第二电磁单向阀24、第三电磁单向阀25和第四电磁单向阀26与控制装置42相连。The generator 41 is coaxially connected with the hydraulic motor 21, the control device 42, the capacitor 44 and the storage battery 45 are connected in parallel, the control device 42, the capacitor 44 and the storage battery 45 connected in parallel are connected in series with the DC/DC converter 43 and the generator 41, and the pressure feedback circuit 46 connects the first pressure sensor 33 and the second pressure sensor 34 with the control device 42, and the electromagnetic check valve control circuit 47 connects the first electromagnetic check valve 23, the second electromagnetic check valve 24, the third electromagnetic check valve 25 And the fourth electromagnetic one-way valve 26 is connected with the control device 42 .
本发明的工作过程和原理如下：Working process and principle of the present invention are as follows:
重型工程车辆在运输作业过程中，当运行至作业场地或道路高低不平处时或因故急刹车时，激起载重车架振动，使固连于车架和车桥间的馈能减振器1作变幅阻尼振动，组合式活塞13首先沿缸筒12向下滑动，使馈能减振器1下腔油液受到挤压，减振器下腔的高压油液，通过组合式活塞13的第二曲路节流油道、活塞杆第二油道、第一高压油管5与第五高压油管29连通，安装于第一高压油管5上的第一压力传感器33将压力突变反馈至控制装置42，控制装置42根据压力突变值大小，自动延迟其一端与第五高压油管29连接的第一电磁单向阀23的开启时间，减振器下腔的阻尼动刚度适当增大，使减振器下腔的阻尼动刚度随路况自适应调节，降低车架与车桥间振动的频率和振幅，能有效保护车架免遭破坏；当第一电磁单向阀23与第三电磁单向阀25同时开启，高压油第三高压油管、第七高压油管31进入液压马达21，由于气囊16受压，气体通过高压气管进入油气分离压力平衡式蓄能器22的气体腔223，其弹性隔膜221变形，使液体腔的液体压力增大，液体腔的部分高压液体也进入液压马达21中，高压油液驱动液压马达21带动发电机41转动发电，其产生的电流经由DC/DC变换器43进入电容44，电容44将电能充入蓄电池45中；减振器上腔油液压力减小，液压马达21出口油液，经第八高压油管32、第四高压油管28、第三电磁单向阀25、第六高压油管30、第二高压油管6、活塞杆第一油道、组合式活塞13的第一曲路节流油道流回减振器上腔，由于气囊16压缩体积变小，使组合式活塞13下移时缸筒12下腔排出液体的体积与缸筒12上腔增大的容积接近，使液压马达21排出的油液能完全流回减振器上腔，实现循环压力油流发电。During the transportation operation of the heavy-duty engineering vehicle, when it runs to the work site or the unevenness of the road or when it brakes suddenly for some reason, the load-carrying frame is aroused to vibrate, so that the energy-feeding shock absorber fixed between the frame and the axle 1 for amplitude damping vibration, the combined piston 13 first slides down along the cylinder 12, so that the oil in the lower chamber of the energy-feeding shock absorber 1 is squeezed, and the high-pressure oil in the lower chamber of the shock absorber passes through the combined piston 13 The second labyrinth throttle oil passage, the second oil passage of the piston rod, the first high-pressure oil pipe 5 communicate with the fifth high-pressure oil pipe 29, and the first pressure sensor 33 installed on the first high-pressure oil pipe 5 feeds back the sudden change in pressure to the control The device 42 and the control device 42 automatically delay the opening time of the first electromagnetic check valve 23 connected to the fifth high-pressure oil pipe 29 at one end according to the magnitude of the sudden pressure change, and the damping dynamic stiffness of the lower chamber of the shock absorber is appropriately increased to make the shock absorber The damping dynamic stiffness of the lower cavity of the vibrator is adaptively adjusted with the road conditions, reducing the frequency and amplitude of vibration between the frame and the axle, and can effectively protect the frame from damage; when the first electromagnetic one-way valve 23 and the third electromagnetic one-way The valve 25 is opened at the same time, the third high-pressure oil pipe and the seventh high-pressure oil pipe 31 enter the hydraulic motor 21, and because the air bag 16 is under pressure, the gas enters the gas chamber 223 of the oil-gas separation pressure balance accumulator 22 through the high-pressure air pipe, and its elastic diaphragm 221 is deformed to increase the liquid pressure in the liquid chamber, and part of the high-pressure liquid in the liquid chamber also enters the hydraulic motor 21, and the high-pressure oil drives the hydraulic motor 21 to drive the generator 41 to rotate and generate electricity, and the current generated by it passes through the DC/DC converter 43 Enter the capacitor 44, the capacitor 44 charges the electric energy into the battery 45; the pressure of the oil in the upper chamber of the shock absorber decreases, and the oil from the hydraulic motor 21 exits through the eighth high-pressure oil pipe 32, the fourth high-pressure oil pipe 28, the third electromagnetic one-way The valve 25, the sixth high-pressure oil pipe 30, the second high-pressure oil pipe 6, the first oil passage of the piston rod, and the first labyrinth throttling oil passage of the combined piston 13 flow back to the upper chamber of the shock absorber, because the compressed volume of the air bag 16 becomes smaller , when the combined piston 13 moves down, the volume of the liquid discharged from the lower chamber of the cylinder 12 is close to the increased volume of the upper chamber of the cylinder 12, so that the oil discharged from the hydraulic motor 21 can completely flow back to the upper chamber of the shock absorber to realize circulation Pressurized oil flow generates electricity.
组合式活塞13沿缸筒12向上滑动，使减振器上腔油液受到挤压，减振器上腔的高压油液，通过组合式活塞13的第一曲路节流油道、活塞杆第一油道、第二高压油管6与第六高压油管30连通，安装于第二高压油管6上的第二压力传感器34将压力突变反馈至控制装置42，控制装置42根据压力突变值大小，自动延迟其一端与第六高压油管30连接的第二电磁单向阀24的开启时间，减振器上腔的阻尼动刚度适当增大，使减振器上腔的阻尼动刚度随路况自适应调节，降低车架与车桥间振动的频率和振幅，能有效保护车架免遭破坏；当第二电磁单向阀24与第四电磁单向阀26同时开启，高压油经第三高压油管27、第七高压油管31进入液压马达21，高压油液驱动液压马达21带动发电机41转动发电，其产生的电流经由DC/DC变换器43进入电容44，电容44将电能充入蓄电池45中；减振器下腔油液压力减小，液压马达21出口油液经第八高压油管32、第四高压油管28、第四电磁单向阀26、第五高压油管29、第一高压油管5、活塞杆第二油道、组合式活塞的第二曲路节流油道流回减振器下腔，由于气囊16压所受油压减小，高压液体进入油气分离压力平衡式蓄能器22的液体腔222，其弹性隔膜221变形，使气体腔223的气体压力增大，气囊16的内部气体压力随之增大，气囊16体积变大，使组合式活塞13上移时缸筒12上腔排出液体的体积与缸筒12下腔增大的容积接近，使液压马达21排出的油液能完全流回减振器下腔，实现循环压力油流发电。The combined piston 13 slides upwards along the cylinder 12, so that the oil in the upper chamber of the shock absorber is squeezed, and the high-pressure oil in the upper chamber of the shock absorber passes through the first curved road of the combined piston 13 to throttle the oil passage and the piston rod. The first oil passage, the second high-pressure oil pipe 6 communicate with the sixth high-pressure oil pipe 30, and the second pressure sensor 34 installed on the second high-pressure oil pipe 6 feeds back the pressure mutation to the control device 42, and the control device 42 according to the size of the pressure mutation value, Automatically delay the opening time of the second electromagnetic one-way valve 24 whose one end is connected to the sixth high-pressure oil pipe 30, and the damping dynamic stiffness of the upper chamber of the shock absorber is appropriately increased, so that the damping dynamic stiffness of the upper chamber of the shock absorber is adaptive to the road conditions Adjust, reduce the frequency and amplitude of the vibration between the frame and the axle, which can effectively protect the frame from damage; when the second electromagnetic check valve 24 and the fourth electromagnetic check valve 26 are opened at the same time, the high-pressure oil passes through the third high-pressure oil pipe 27. The seventh high-pressure oil pipe 31 enters the hydraulic motor 21, and the high-pressure oil drives the hydraulic motor 21 to drive the generator 41 to rotate and generate electricity. The current generated by it enters the capacitor 44 through the DC/DC converter 43, and the capacitor 44 charges the electric energy into the battery 45 The oil pressure in the lower chamber of the shock absorber decreases, and the oil at the outlet of the hydraulic motor 21 passes through the eighth high-pressure oil pipe 32, the fourth high-pressure oil pipe 28, the fourth electromagnetic check valve 26, the fifth high-pressure oil pipe 29, and the first high-pressure oil pipe 5 , the second oil passage of the piston rod, and the second labyrinth throttle oil passage of the combined piston flow back to the lower chamber of the shock absorber. Since the oil pressure on the air bag 16 is reduced, the high-pressure liquid enters the oil-gas separation pressure balance accumulator 22, the elastic diaphragm 221 of the liquid chamber 222 deforms, which increases the gas pressure in the gas chamber 223, the internal gas pressure of the airbag 16 increases accordingly, and the volume of the airbag 16 becomes larger, so that the cylinder 12 when the combined piston 13 moves up The volume of liquid discharged from the upper chamber is close to the increased volume of the lower chamber of the cylinder 12, so that the oil discharged from the hydraulic motor 21 can completely flow back to the lower chamber of the shock absorber to realize power generation by circulating pressure oil flow.
重型工程车辆在运输作业过程中，在较平直路面接近匀速行驶时，第一压力传感器33处的液体压力波动较小，四个电磁单向阀都处于关闭状态，油气分离压力平衡式蓄能器22的液体腔222与第七高压油管31、液压马达21、第八高压油管32连通，但第七高压油管31与减振器上下腔间被第一电磁单向阀23和第二电磁单向阀24截断，第八高压油管32与减振器上下腔间被第三电磁单向阀25和第四电磁单向阀26截断，液压马达21不工作，油气分离压力平衡式蓄能器22的气体腔223与气囊16联通，气囊16处于无规律反复收缩、膨胀较小的变形状态，分离压力平衡式蓄能器22的弹性隔膜221处于无规律上下反复凸起的较小变形状态。When the heavy-duty construction vehicle is running at a constant speed on a relatively flat road during the transportation operation, the fluctuation of the liquid pressure at the first pressure sensor 33 is small, the four electromagnetic check valves are all closed, and the oil-gas separation pressure balance energy storage The liquid chamber 222 of the device 22 communicates with the seventh high-pressure oil pipe 31, the hydraulic motor 21, and the eighth high-pressure oil pipe 32, but the seventh high-pressure oil pipe 31 and the upper and lower chambers of the shock absorber are connected by the first electromagnetic one-way valve 23 and the second electromagnetic one-way valve. The directional valve 24 is cut off, the eighth high-pressure oil pipe 32 and the upper and lower chambers of the shock absorber are cut off by the third electromagnetic one-way valve 25 and the fourth electromagnetic one-way valve 26, the hydraulic motor 21 does not work, and the oil-gas separation pressure balance accumulator 22 The air chamber 223 of the air bag 16 communicates with the air bag 16, and the air bag 16 is in a deformed state of irregular repeated contraction and small expansion, and the elastic diaphragm 221 of the separation pressure balance accumulator 22 is in a small deformed state of irregularly and repeatedly raised up and down.
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| CN106438246B (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2017-08-25 | 湖南城市学院 | A kind of vehicle shock absorber energy regenerating Application way |
| CN107967591B (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2021-04-23 | 重庆贝叶科技发展有限公司 | Road transport government affair safety supervision and management system |
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| CN110064581A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-07-30 | 杭州电子科技大学 | The electro hydraulic exciting system and method for built-in balance air bag |
| CN111688426B (en) * | 2020-02-25 | 2025-04-25 | 中国北方车辆研究所 | Accumulator horizontal balanced oil and gas suspension |
| CN115492735B (en) * | 2022-11-21 | 2023-03-24 | 兰州交通大学 | Nonlinear vibration energy-feedback shock absorber for road vehicles |
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