CN103821868A - Damper with two-way throttle valves and air spring - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a shock absorber with a two-way throttling valve and an air spring, in which an air spring is installed on the outer side of a double-tube type oil-gas shock absorber to form a composite vibration-damping structure; the double-tube type oil-gas shock absorber The shock absorber uses a piston with a multiple two-way throttle valve structure on the basis of a conventional shock absorber. The invention improves the traditional double-tube hydraulic shock absorber, and adds a throttle valve to the working piston to realize the automatic control of the liquid flow; The external air spring can bear the load synchronously, forming a composite damping device in the true sense; the bladder-type air spring with three airbags achieves the effect of graded vibration reduction by adjusting the initial air pressure and size of the airbags, improving the The overall damping performance of the shock absorber; the present invention reduces the energy consumption of the shock absorber through the setting of the throttle valve without affecting the damping performance.

Description

Shock absorbers with two-way throttle valve and air spring

technical field

The invention relates to a shock absorber, in particular to a shock absorber with a two-way throttle valve and an air spring.

Background technique

The function of the shock absorber is to transmit the force and moment acting on its two ends, and to moderate the impact load, attenuate the vibration caused by it, ensure the smooth operation, and reduce the resulting dynamic load.

There are still some defects in the damping performance of the existing mining car suspension mechanism. The damping force of the shock absorber of the passive suspension used in it cannot be adjusted according to the road conditions, and the frequent and severe relative friction between the frame and the axle The movement seriously affects the damping effect and service life of the suspension. In the actual operation of the mining area, due to the large load of the mining vehicle and the bumpy road conditions in the mining area, the small parts of the mining vehicle body are often damaged or the suspension system is excessively worn, causing damage to the mining vehicle itself and threatening the safety of the driver.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a shock absorber with a two-way throttle valve and an air spring that can be applied to the front suspension of a mine car to address the defects in the vibration damping performance of the existing mine car suspension.

In the present invention, an air spring is installed on the outer side of the double-tube oil-gas shock absorber to form a composite shock absorbing structure.

The air spring structure adopts a three-stage air spring with a bladder-type hollow structure, and the air spring is sleeved on the outside of the double-tube oil-pneumatic shock absorber. The air spring is composed of a first air bag, a second air bag and a third air bag. The first airbag, the second airbag and the third airbag are stacked together, a first gasket is placed on the first airbag, a second gasket is interposed between the first airbag and the second airbag, and the second airbag and the first airbag A third gasket is sandwiched between the three airbags, and a fourth gasket is provided at the bottom of the third airbag; the initial pre-charge pressures of the first airbag, the second airbag and the third airbag are sequentially increased from top to bottom, and the sizes of the airbags are sequentially increased. Increase, so that the air spring has a step-by-step vibration reduction effect under the load, and ensure that the compression direction is the same as that of the middle double-tube oil-gas shock absorber, so that it has a centering characteristic.

The double-tube oil-gas shock absorber uses a piston with a plurality of two-way throttling valve structures on the basis of a traditional shock absorber. This embodiment takes multiple throttle valves as an example. The double-tube oil-gas shock absorber is composed of an outer cylinder, a piston and an inner cylinder. The outer cylinder is set outside the inner cylinder. A piston rod extends from the center of the outer cylinder. There are multiple throttle valves, each throttle valve has the same caliber;

The multiple throttle valves on the piston are located on the throttle valve support plate, wherein the throttle valve support plate, the upper end cover and the lower end cover are positioned by two symmetrical positioning pins, and eight evenly distributed fastening bolts Fixed connection.

The flow hole structure of the piston is composed of an upper baffle, an upper spring, a support structure, a lower spring and a lower baffle, the support structure is located in the middle of the flow hole structure, and the upper spring and the lower spring are welded to the two sides of the support structure. side, the upper baffle plate is welded to the upper side of the upper spring, and the lower baffle plate is welded to the lower side of the lower spring; the edges of the upper baffle plate and the lower baffle plate have a trapezoidal structure, so that the upper baffle plate and the lower baffle plate follow the Changes in oil pressure are easier to open and reset. When the upper baffle is subjected to oil pressure, the upper spring is compressed, the lower spring is stretched, the lower baffle moves downward, and the throttle valve opens to produce a damping effect.

A single throttle valve controls the stiffness coefficients of the upper spring and the lower spring in the two flow directions to be equal, while the stiffness coefficients of the upper spring and the lower spring of different throttle valves increase sequentially in a symmetrical clockwise cycle, so that the different throttle valves are opened according to the The required pressure increases sequentially, so that the double-tube oil-air shock absorber has the characteristic that the damping characteristic changes with the oil pressure acting on the piston, that is, it has the effect of step-by-step vibration reduction, and does not generate a moment that makes the piston turn over.

Working principle of the present invention:

When the double-tube oil-pneumatic shock absorber is compressed, the first orifice with the lowest spring damping coefficient produces a damping effect, and the first air bag of the air spring is compressed, and the two together provide damping force as a composite structure.

As the compression amount of the double-tube oil-gas shock absorber increases, the throttle valves of the double-tube oil-gas shock absorber are opened in turn, and the damping effect of the double-tube oil-gas shock absorber gradually increases to the maximum, that is, eight throttling valves. Situation in which the valves open simultaneously creating a damping force. The first airbag, second airbag and third airbag of the outer air spring are simultaneously compressed to the air pressure level of the lowermost third airbag and further compressed at the same time until the air spring reaches the theoretical maximum damping effect. Twin-tube oil-pneumatic shock absorbers and air springs provide the damping force together as a composite structure.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

The invention improves the traditional double cylinder hydraulic shock absorber, and adds a throttle valve to the working piston to realize the automatic control of the liquid flow;

By adjusting the rigidity of the throttle valve spring, the double-tube oil-air shock absorber can bear the load synchronously with the external air spring, forming a real composite shock absorber;

The bladder-type air spring with three airbags adjusts the initial air pressure and size of the airbags to achieve the effect of graded vibration reduction, which improves the overall vibration reduction performance of the shock absorber;

The present invention reduces the energy consumption of the shock absorber through the setting of the throttle valve without affecting the shock absorbing performance.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall schematic diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an overall schematic diagram of the double-tube oil-gas shock absorber of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is an overall schematic diagram of the air spring of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the double-tube oil-air shock absorber of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a three-dimensional exploded schematic view of the double-tube oil-gas shock absorber of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a three-dimensional exploded schematic view of the piston rod of the double-tube oil-gas shock absorber of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the through-hole of the piston rod of the double-tube oil-gas shock absorber of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram when the piston rod throttle valve of the double-tube oil-gas shock absorber of the present invention is closed.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram when the piston rod throttle valve of the double-tube oil-gas shock absorber of the present invention is opened.

Among them: 1—double-tube oil-gas shock absorber; 11—outer cylinder; 12—piston; 121—upper end cover; 122—throttle valve support plate; 1221—upper baffle; 1222—upper spring; 1223—support structure; 1224—lower spring; 1225—lower end cover; 123—lower end cover; 124—fastening bolt; 125—locating pin; 13—inner cylinder; 14—piston rod; 2—air spring; 23—the third airbag 3; 24—the first gasket; 25—the second gasket; 26—the third gasket; 27—the fourth gasket.

Detailed ways

Please refer to Fig. 1 , the present invention is that an air spring 2 is installed on the outside of a double-tube oil-air shock absorber 1 to form a composite damping structure.

Referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the structure of the air spring 2 is a three-stage air spring with a capsule hollow structure. 2 is composed of the first airbag 21, the second airbag 22 and the third airbag 23, the first airbag 21, the second airbag 22 and the third airbag 23 are stacked together, and the first gasket is placed on the first airbag 21 24. A second gasket 25 is sandwiched between the first airbag 21 and the second airbag 22, a third gasket 26 is sandwiched between the second airbag 22 and the third airbag 23, and the bottom of the third airbag 23 is provided with a first Four spacers 27.

The initial pre-charge pressures of the first airbag 21, the second airbag 22 and the third airbag 23 increase sequentially from top to bottom, and the size of the airbags increases sequentially, so that the air spring 2 has the effect of graded vibration reduction under load , and ensure that the compression direction is the same as that of the middle double-tube oil-gas shock absorber 1, so that it has centering characteristics.

Referring to FIG. 5 , the double-tube oil-air shock absorber 1 uses a piston 12 with multiple two-way throttle valve structures on the basis of a traditional shock absorber. This embodiment takes eight throttle valves as an example. The double-tube oil-gas shock absorber 1 is composed of an outer cylinder 11, a piston 12 and an inner cylinder 13. The outer cylinder 11 is set outside the inner cylinder 13, and the center of the outer cylinder 11 is extended with a piston rod 14, and the lower end of the piston rod 14 is fixed with a piston. 12. The piston 12 is located in the inner cylinder 13, and the piston 12 is provided with eight throttle valves 126, and each throttle valve 126 has the same diameter;

Referring to Figure 6, the eight throttle valves 126 on the piston 12 are located on the throttle valve support plate 122, wherein the throttle valve support plate 122 and the upper end cover 121 and the lower end cover 123 pass through two symmetrical positioning pins. 125 for positioning, fixedly connected by eight evenly distributed fastening bolts 124.

7, the flow hole structure of the piston 12 is composed of an upper baffle plate 1221, an upper spring 1222, a support structure 1223, a lower spring 1224 and a lower baffle plate 1225, and the support structure 1223 is located in the middle of the flow hole structure. position, the upper spring 1222 and the lower spring 1224 are welded on both sides of the supporting structure 1223, the upper baffle plate 1221 is welded on the upper side of the upper spring 1222, and the lower baffle plate 1225 is welded on the lower side of the lower spring 1224; the upper baffle plate The edges of 1221 and the lower baffle 1225 have a trapezoidal structure, so that the upper baffle 1221 and the lower baffle 1225 are easier to open and reset as the oil pressure changes.

Figure 8 and Figure 9 show the working states of the throttle valve under two different force conditions. When the upper baffle 1221 is subjected to oil pressure, the upper spring 1222 is compressed, the lower spring 1223 is stretched, and the lower baffle 1224 Downward movement, the throttle opens, creating a damping effect.

A single throttle valve 126 controls the stiffness coefficients of the upper spring 1222 and the lower spring 1224 in the two flow directions to be equal, while the stiffness coefficients of the upper spring 1222 and the lower spring 1224 of different throttle valves 126 increase sequentially in a symmetrical clockwise cycle, so that The pressure required for the opening of different throttle valves 126 increases sequentially, so that the double-tube oil-air shock absorber 1 has the characteristic that the damping characteristic changes with the oil pressure acting on the piston 12, even if it has the effect of staged vibration reduction, and does not A moment is generated that causes the piston 12 to turn over.

The working principle of this embodiment:

When the double-tube oil-pneumatic shock absorber 1 is compressed, the first orifice with the lowest spring damping coefficient produces a damping effect, and the first air bag 21 of the air spring 2 is compressed, and the two together provide damping force as a composite structure.

As the compression amount of the double-tube oil-gas shock absorber 1 increases, the throttle valves of the double-tube oil-gas shock absorber 1 are opened sequentially, and the damping effect of the double-tube oil-gas shock absorber 1 gradually increases to the maximum, that is, eight Two throttle valves 126 are simultaneously opened to generate damping force. The first airbag 21, the second airbag 22 and the third airbag 23 of the outer air spring 2 are simultaneously compressed to the air pressure level of the third airbag 23 at the bottom and further compressed at the same time until the air spring 2 reaches the theoretical maximum damping effect. The double-tube oil-pneumatic shock absorber 1 and the air spring 2 provide damping force together as a composite structure.

Claims (1)

1. a vibration damper with bilateral throttle valve and pneumatic spring, is characterized in that: it is, in the outside of double barreled air oil shock absorber (1), pneumatic spring (2) is installed, and forms combined vibration-damping structure;

Described pneumatic spring (2) is set in the outside of double barreled air oil shock absorber (1), pneumatic spring (2) is by the first air bag (21), the second air bag (22) and the 3rd air bag (23) form, the first air bag (21), the second air bag (22) and the 3rd air bag (23) stack together, on the first air bag (21), be placed with the first pad (24), between the first air bag (21) and the second air bag (22), be folded with the second pad (25), between the second air bag (22) and the 3rd air bag (23), be folded with the 3rd pad (26), the 3rd air bag (23) bottom is provided with the 4th pad (27), the initial Preliminary pressure-filled of the first air bag (21), the second air bag (22) and the 3rd air bag (23) from top to bottom increases progressively successively, the size of air bag increases successively,

Described double barreled air oil shock absorber (1) is to be made up of urceolus (11), piston (12) and inner core (13), urceolus (11) is enclosed within outside inner core (13), the center of urceolus (11) is extended with piston rod (14), piston rod (14) lower end is fixed with piston (12), piston (12) is arranged in inner core (13), piston (12) is provided with multiple throttle valve (126), and each throttle valve (126) has identical bore;

Multiple throttle valve (126) on described piston (12) are positioned in throttle valve dunnage (122), wherein throttle valve dunnage (122) and upper end cap (121) and lower end cap (123) position by two symmetrical locating studs (125), are fixedly connected with by eight equally distributed clamping bolts (124);

The through flow hole structure of described piston (12) is made up of overhead gage (1221), upper spring (1222), supporting structure (1223), lower spring (1224) and lower pedal (1225), supporting structure (1223) is positioned at the neutral position of through flow hole structure, upper spring (1222) and lower spring (1224) are welded in the both sides of supporting structure (1223), overhead gage (1221) is welded in the upside of upper spring (1222), and lower pedal (1225) is welded in the downside of lower spring (1224); Described overhead gage (1221) and the edge of lower pedal (1225) have trapezium structure;

The upper spring (1222) that described single throttle valve (126) is controlled two circulating directions equates with lower spring (1224) stiffness coefficient, and the upper spring (1222) of different throttle valve (126) increases successively with the mode that lower spring (1224) stiffness coefficient circulates clockwise according to symmetry.

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