CN104404434A - Ceramic coating of metal material surface and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Ceramic coating of metal material surface and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104404434A CN104404434A CN201410614791.7A CN201410614791A CN104404434A CN 104404434 A CN104404434 A CN 104404434A CN 201410614791 A CN201410614791 A CN 201410614791A CN 104404434 A CN104404434 A CN 104404434A
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- 238000005524 ceramic coating Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000006025 fining agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium oxide Chemical compound [Ba]=O QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012745 toughening agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001649 dickite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- BERDEBHAJNAUOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(I) oxide Inorganic materials [Cu]O[Cu] BERDEBHAJNAUOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KRFJLUBVMFXRPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cuprous oxide Chemical group [O-2].[Cu+].[Cu+] KRFJLUBVMFXRPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940112669 cuprous oxide Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052575 non-oxide ceramic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052574 oxide ceramic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 108010038629 Molybdoferredoxin Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- HBELESVMOSDEOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Fe].[Mo] Chemical compound [Fe].[Mo] HBELESVMOSDEOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052622 kaolinite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021332 silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicide(4-) Chemical compound [Si-4] FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N B#[Ti]#B Chemical compound B#[Ti]#B QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000616 Ferromanganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011195 cermet Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron manganese Chemical compound [Mn].[Fe] DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007750 plasma spraying Methods 0.000 abstract description 18
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000943 NiAl Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Raney nickel Chemical compound [Al].[Ni] NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011225 non-oxide ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011224 oxide ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000714 At alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001315 Tool steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QXZUUHYBWMWJHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Co].[Ni] Chemical compound [Co].[Ni] QXZUUHYBWMWJHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010285 flame spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012720 thermal barrier coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/10—Oxides, borides, carbides, nitrides or silicides; Mixtures thereof
Abstract
The invention relates to a ceramic coating of a metal material surface and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of ceramic coating preparation. A plasma spraying technology is employed, a flexibilizer, a densification agent, a refining agent and a tackifier are added into a ceramic matrix powder, an super-thick (>= 2 mm, even to 10 mm or more) compact ceramic coating with low porosity, a uniform structure and high bonding strength is formed on a material (metals, alloy or the like) member surface through a manipulator, and thus a surface coating of mechanical equipment and members is obtained, and the surface coating is resistant to wear, resistant to corrosion, electrically conductive or insulative, resistant to high-temperature oxidation and super-thick. On the basis of giving play to the performances of a matrix material, the characteristics of the ceramic coating are fully given play, the member service life is prolonged, the matrix material cost is saved, and also the material selection scope for mechanical members and the like is expanded.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ceramic coating of a kind of metal material surface and preparation method thereof, belong to ceramic coating preparing technical field.
Background technology
Ceramic coating can meet the function of different hardness, heat insulation, anticorrosion and anti-oxidant, conduction and the different parts such as insulation, high temperature resistance, is widely used in as fields such as aerospace (as aircraft engine high temperature blade), engineering machinery (various wear parts), building material machinery (auger as profiled part), hydroelectric facility (as turbine blade) and pipeline (as facing the pipeline valve of abrasive wear), power generation gas turbines (as high temperature blade is surperficial).In particular surroundings, thickness of ceramic coating is the important indicator determining performance, and such as ceramic layer has good insulating property, and the thickness of ceramic coating can significantly improve voltage breakdown; The utilization of super thick abrasion-proof ceramic coat can improve component life further; Conductivity ceramics coating has good conductivity, and thicker coating can improve the application life in high-temperature corrosion environment greatly; Thermal barrier coating system is on the basis of improving matrix antioxidant property, and thicker ceramic coating can reduce part temperatures etc. further.But metal is completely different from the physics-chem characteristic of stupalith, particularly due to crystalline structure, atomic bond structure, thermal expansivity and hardness etc., cause the ceramic coating being difficult to prepare thicker (>=2mm) and height densification (>=96%) in metal alloy surface; Along with the development of plasma thermal sprayed technology of preparing, the conventional ceramic coatings thickness utilizing the methods such as thermospray to be formed is below 1mm substantially, even if utilize tack coat to improve the bonding strength of coating, but the matrix such as pottery and alloy has larger thermal expansion coefficient difference in spraying process, repeatedly easily cause ceramic coating to have larger internal stress after spraying, crack and the inefficacy that comes off; So, utilize traditional hot-spraying techniques technique and conventional material still big area can not prepare high fine and close (>=96%) ceramic coating of super thick (>=2mm).
Chinese patent 201010274694.X " restorative procedure of drill taper shank ", at alloy surface plasma spraying NiAl key coat, then utilizes flame plating CrNi-Cr
3c
2coating, coat-thickness is only 0.3-0.5mm.Chinese patent 201210533098.8 " a kind of preparation method of aluminium alloy wear-proof coating " utilizes plasma spraying NiAl key coat and oxide ceramic powder in aluminum alloy surface.By utilizing plasma or electric arc spraying to prepare aluminum oxide coating layer, thickness is about 20-30 μm to Chinese patent 201310477478.9 " axial workpiece aluminum oxide powder plasma spraying restorative procedure ".Then these ceramic coatings above-mentioned, all can not reach the thickness of 1mm-5mm, or because internal stress comparatively comes off greatly and naturally when thicker, or can not use by normal wear environment because cohesive strength is low.And in Chinese patent 200910242442.6 " a kind of method preparing large-area ceramic plate ", although the ceramic plate of 6mm can be prepared, but owing to being separated with graphite or plaster matrix by ceramic plate, seriously limit the application at parts such as machineries, can only use by single ceramic plate.In Chinese patent 201310272861.0 " a kind of target and manufacture method thereof ", utilization be plasma transferred arc spraying, and only can prepare the alloy coat of 1-3mm in particular substrate.
Therefore for the applying working condition of alloy base, a kind of heat spraying method simply preparing high fine and close (>=96%) ceramic coating of super thick (>=2mm) is fast needed.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide ceramic coating of a kind of metal material surface and preparation method thereof, described method adopts hot-spraying techniques preparation table face thickness >=2mm, the abrasion-proof ceramic coat of density >=96%, overcome the shortcoming can not preparing the ceramic of compact coating of thickness >=2mm in traditional hot-spraying techniques at material surfaces such as structure units, expand Application Areas and scope that coating is prepared in thermospray.
Described additive comprises ceramic toughening agent, fine and close agent, fining agent, tackifier, the mass percent of ceramic toughening agent in additive is 0.3 ~ 40%, the mass percent of fine and close agent is 0.5 ~ 35%, the mass percent of fining agent is 0.8 ~ 35%, and the mass percent of tackifier is 0.5 ~ 30%;
Described stupalith is oxide ceramic material, non-oxide ceramic material or cermet material;
Described ceramic toughening agent is that a kind of ratio (9:1 or 8:2) in a kind of and iron, molybdenum, copper, nickel and the aluminium in titanium boride, titanium carbide, aluminum oxide, rare earth oxide, titanium oxide is mixed to get, and produces ductile layers and tough matrix between ceramic crystal;
Described compact agent is that one or more in kaolinite, montmorillonite, dickite are mixed to get in any proportion, at high temperature particle surface produces the liquid of certain viscosity, improving ceramic body density, also playing oxidation inhibitor when spraying non-oxide ceramics simultaneously.
Described grain-refining agent is that one or more in magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, barium oxide are mixed to get in any proportion, increases ceramic surface liquid high temperature viscosity, prevents ceramic crystal from excessively growing up, layer analysis;
Described tackifier powder is cuprous oxide powder, one or more in iron protoxide, iron silicide, ferromanganese powder, molybdenum-iron powder, brass powder are mixed to get in any proportion, improves the cohesive strength of ceramic coating and metallic matrix;
The granularity of ceramic powder of the present invention is 0.05-60 μm; The granularity of ceramic toughening agent, fine and close agent, fining agent, tackifier is 0.1-1 μm.
Another object of the present invention is to the preparation method that described metal material surface ceramic coating is provided, it is characterized in that: specifically comprise the following steps:
(1) take each raw material, adopt any one method of spray-drying process, sintering crushing method or mechanical attrition method to carry out fragmentation, make the ceramic powder containing toughner, compact agent, grain refinement agent, tackifier;
(2) blasted rough process is carried out to metal base to be sprayed, then utilize dry air to carry out cleaning process to the substrate surface after sandblasting;
(3) dried powder step (1) obtained is sent in the powder feeder of thermal spray system, and wherein, powder feeder powder feeding gas is Ar, and gas flow is 30-60L/min; Then the spray distance arranging manipulator control nozzle and metal base is 5-11cm, and the translational speed of nozzle is 0.001-0.05m/s.
(4) plasma spray coating process parameter is set, starts thermal spray system and mechanical manipulator, cover at workpiece surface spraying and once obtain ceramic coating afterwards.
The grains of sand material used in blasted rough treating processes described in step of the present invention (2) is: white fused alumina, Brown Alundum or zircon corundum, and the granularity of the grains of sand is 18-25 μm.
Described plasma spray coating process parameter in step of the present invention (4) is: the airshed of argon gas is 90-130L/min, and the airshed of nitrogen is 5-30L/min, and working current is 350-450A, and operating voltage is 120-150V.
Hot-spraying techniques in step of the present invention (4), except the steady plasma spraying technology of common gas, also comprises hypersonic flame spraying technology and the steady plasma spraying technology of water etc.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect that the technical solution used in the present invention produces is as follows:
(1) the present invention adopt plasma spraying technology on metal base direct spraying thickness be the >=ceramic of compact coating of 2mm, porosity≤0.1-4%; In spraying process of the present invention, the ceramic coating of thickness >=2mm is for once to have sprayed;
(2) strengthen toughness agent between ceramic crystal, produce ductile layers and tough matrix; Compact agent improves ceramic body density; Fining agent can prevent ceramic crystal from excessively growing up and layer analysis; So conventional multi covers the technology preparing thick coating relatively, thickness coatings internal stress of the present invention is little, thus has established mechanical foundation for thicker ceramic coating;
(3) due to ceramic powder composition and ratio suitable, the plasma spraying equipment current stabilization of employing, the smooth densification of the aluminum oxide coating layer formed, good with metal base bonding strength, hardness is HRC60-70, shows good functional performance, significantly improves service precision and the life-span of parts.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is process flow sheet of the present invention.
Embodiment
Be below specific embodiments of the invention; technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail; but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, every do not deviate from the present invention's design change or equivalent substituting include within protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
(1) by the non-oxide ceramics powder (silicon carbide and silicon nitride) of 90 weight parts and the additive of 10 weight parts, described additive comprises toughner (40wt%, 0.35 μm of titanium oxide and 1.0 μm of copper powder, ratio 9:1), fine and close agent (35wt%, 0.5 μm of kaolinite), fining agent (0.8wt%, 0.5 μm of magnesium oxide), tackifier (24.2wt%, 1.0 μm of molybdenum-iron powder) powder sinters, then the broken powder size obtained is 45 μm, and dried powder is sent into plasma spraying equipment;
(2) 20 order white fused alumina blasted rough process (grains of sand material of use is white fused alumina, and the granularity of the grains of sand is 18 μm) are carried out to high mangaenese steel substrate surface to be sprayed, then utilize dry air to carry out cleaning process to the substrate surface after sandblasting;
(3) startup paint finishing and mechanical manipulator carry out plasma spraying, and processing parameter is: main gas is Ar and N
2, the airshed of argon gas is 90L/min, and the airshed of nitrogen is 15L/min; Working current is 350A, and operating voltage is 110V; Powder feeder powder feeding gas is Ar, and gas flow is 45L/min; Nozzle distance matrix distance is 9cm, and the translational speed of nozzle is 0.05m/s.The spray-on coating thickness obtained is 2mm, density 99.5%.
Embodiment 2
(1) by the metal ceramic powder (titanium boride and titanium carbide) of 80 weight parts and the additive of 20 weight parts, described additive comprises toughner (0.3wt%, 0.35 μm of titanium oxide and 1.0 μm of nickel by powder, ratio 8:2), fine and close agent (34.7wt%, 0.5 μm of montmorillonite), fining agent (35wt%, 0.5 μm of barium oxide), tackifier (30wt%, 1.0 μm of iron silicide) powder sinters, then the broken powder size obtained is 45 μm, and dried powder is sent into plasma spraying equipment;
(2) 22 order white fused alumina blasted rough process (grains of sand material of use is Brown Alundum, and the granularity of the grains of sand is 25 μm) are carried out to rapid tool steel substrate surface to be sprayed, then utilize dry air to carry out cleaning process to the substrate surface after sandblasting;
(3) startup paint finishing and mechanical manipulator carry out plasma spraying, and processing parameter is: main gas is Ar and N
2, the airshed of argon gas is 100L/min, and the airshed of nitrogen is 20L/min; Working current is 420A, and operating voltage is 120V; Powder feeder powder feeding gas is Ar, and gas flow is 50L/min; Nozzle distance matrix distance is 10cm, and the translational speed of nozzle is 0.03m/s.The spray-on coating thickness obtained is 3mm, density 98.0%.
Embodiment 3
(1) by oxide ceramic powder (aluminum oxide) powder of 65 weight parts and the additive of 35 weight parts, described additive comprises toughner (20wt%, 0.35 μm of titanium dioxide powder), fine and close agent (32wt%, 0.5 μm of dickite), fining agent (18wt%, 0.5 μm of calcium oxide), tackifier (30wt%, 1.0 μm of brass powders) powder carries out spraying dry, obtaining powder size is 40 μm, and dried powder is sent into plasma spraying equipment;
(2) 24 order white fused alumina blasted rough process (grains of sand material of use is zircon corundum, and the granularity of the grains of sand is 20 μm) are carried out to copper alloy substrate surface to be sprayed, then utilize dry air to carry out cleaning process to the substrate surface after sandblasting;
(3) startup paint finishing and mechanical manipulator carry out plasma spraying, and processing parameter is: main gas is Ar and N
2, the airshed of argon gas is 120L/min, and the airshed of nitrogen is 25L/min; Working current is 400A, and operating voltage is 140V; Powder feeder powder feeding gas is Ar, and gas flow is 40L/min; Nozzle distance matrix distance is 11cm, and the translational speed of nozzle is 0.02m/s.The spray-on coating thickness obtained is 5mm, density 97.5%.
Embodiment 4
(1) by ceramic powder (wolfram varbide) powder of 50 weight parts and the additive of 50 weight parts, described additive comprises toughner (38wt%, 1.0 μm of nickel by powder), fine and close agent (0.5wt%, 0.5 μm of dickite,), fining agent (30wt%, 0.5 μm of barium oxide), tackifier (31.5wt%, 1.0 μm of cuprous oxide powders) powder carries out mechanical ball milling, obtaining powder size is 40 μm, and dried powder is sent into plasma spraying equipment;
(2) 24 order white fused alumina blasted rough process (grains of sand material of use is white fused alumina, and the granularity of the grains of sand is 22 μm) are carried out to high chromium steel substrate surface to be sprayed, then utilize dry air to carry out cleaning process to the substrate surface after sandblasting;
(3) startup paint finishing and mechanical manipulator carry out plasma spraying, and processing parameter is: main gas is Ar and N
2, the airshed of argon gas is 110L/min, and the airshed of nitrogen is 5L/min; Working current is 380A, and operating voltage is 130V; Powder feeder powder feeding gas is Ar, and gas flow is 30L/min; Nozzle distance matrix distance is 5cm, and the translational speed of nozzle is 0.001m/s.The spray-on coating thickness obtained is 10mm, density 96.0%.
Embodiment 5
(1) by ceramic powder (wolfram varbide) powder of 50 weight parts and the additive of 50 weight parts, described additive comprises toughner (35wt%, 1.0 μm of nickel by powder), fine and close agent (30wt%, 0.5 μm of dickite,), fining agent (34.5wt%, 0.5 μm of barium oxide), tackifier (0.5wt%, 1.0 μm of cuprous oxide powders) powder sinters, then the broken powder size obtained is 40 μm, and dried powder is sent into plasma spraying equipment;
(2) 24 order white fused alumina blasted rough process (grains of sand material of use is Brown Alundum, and the granularity of the grains of sand is 24 μm) are carried out to nickel cobalt base alloy substrate surface to be sprayed, then utilize dry air to carry out cleaning process to the substrate surface after sandblasting;
(3) startup paint finishing and mechanical manipulator carry out plasma spraying, and processing parameter is: main gas is Ar and N
2, the airshed of argon gas is 130L/min, and the airshed of nitrogen is 30L/min; Working current is 450A, and operating voltage is 150V; Powder feeder powder feeding gas is Ar, and gas flow is 60L/min; Nozzle distance matrix distance is 7cm, and the translational speed of nozzle is 0.04m/s.The spray-on coating thickness obtained is 10mm, density 96.0%.
Claims (5)
1. a ceramic coating for metal material surface, is characterized in that: described ceramic coating is prepared by stupalith and additive, and in ceramic coating, stupalith is 50-90 weight part, and additive is 10-50 weight part;
Described additive comprises ceramic toughening agent, fine and close agent, fining agent, tackifier, the mass percent of ceramic toughening agent in additive is 0.3 ~ 40%, the mass percent of fine and close agent is 0.5 ~ 35%, the mass percent of fining agent is 0.8 ~ 35%, and the mass percent of tackifier is 0.5 ~ 30%;
Described stupalith is oxide ceramic material, non-oxide ceramic material or cermet material;
Described ceramic toughening agent is a kind of and iron in titanium boride, titanium carbide, aluminum oxide, rare earth oxide, titanium oxide, one in molybdenum, copper in proportion 9:1 or 8:2 be mixed to get;
Described compact agent is that one or more in kaolinite, montmorillonite, dickite are mixed to get in any proportion;
Described grain-refining agent is that one or more in magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, barium oxide are mixed to get in any proportion;
Described tackifier powder is cuprous oxide powder, iron protoxide, one or more in iron silicide, ferromanganese powder, molybdenum-iron powder, brass powder are mixed to get in any proportion.
2. the ceramic coating of metal material surface according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the granularity of described ceramic powder is 0.05-60 μm; The granularity of ceramic toughening agent, fine and close agent, fining agent, tackifier is 0.1-1 μm.
3. the preparation method of metal material surface ceramic coating described in claim 1, is characterized in that: specifically comprise the following steps:
(1) take each raw material, adopt any one method of spray-drying process, sintering crushing method or mechanical attrition method to carry out fragmentation, make the ceramic powder containing toughner, compact agent, grain refinement agent, tackifier;
(2) blasted rough process is carried out to metal base to be sprayed, then utilize dry air to carry out cleaning process to the substrate surface after sandblasting;
(3) dried powder step (1) obtained is sent in the powder feeder of thermal spray system, and wherein, powder feeder powder feeding gas is Ar, and gas flow is 30-60L/min; Then the spray distance arranging manipulator control nozzle and metal base is 5-11cm, and the translational speed of nozzle is 0.001-0.05m/s;
(4) plasma spray coating process parameter is set, starts thermal spray system and mechanical manipulator, cover at workpiece surface spraying and once obtain ceramic coating afterwards.
4. the preparation method of metal material surface ceramic coating according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the grains of sand material used in blasted rough treating processes described in step (2) is: white fused alumina, Brown Alundum or zircon corundum, the granularity of the grains of sand is 18-25 μm.
5. the preparation method of metal material surface ceramic coating according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described plasma spray coating process parameter in step (4) is: the airshed of argon gas is 90-130L/min, the airshed of nitrogen is 5-30L/min, working current is 350-450A, and operating voltage is 120-150V.
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