CN104402126B - 一种油田专用杀菌缓蚀剂 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种油田专用杀菌缓蚀剂，其构成组分及重量百分比范围分别为：锌盐10-20％；季铵盐60-75％；氨基磺酸5-10％；醇类5％；所述锌盐、季铵盐、氨基磺酸和醇类的重量比成分之和在90％-95％之间，其余加水至100％。本杀菌缓蚀剂以锌盐和季铵盐为主剂的缓蚀杀菌剂，解决了锌盐和季铵盐配伍的问题，通过实验检测，该配方配伍性好，产品稳定,对硫酸还原菌的抑制效果好，对以硫化物和二氧化碳为主要腐蚀成分的油田水有良好的腐蚀抑制效果，专门用于油田的回注水、掺输水和油井采出水的缓蚀、杀菌。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于油田领域，涉及回注水、掺输水、油井水的杀菌缓蚀，尤其是一种油田专用杀菌缓蚀剂。
背景技术
油田水的缓蚀剂和杀菌剂从来都是分开的，没有相关性，而油田的腐蚀和硫酸还原菌几乎都是伴生的，并且相互促进，加剧腐蚀，特别是油井的腐蚀控制中缓蚀剂和杀菌剂不能同时使用，因此目前单一的使用缓蚀剂或杀菌剂来控制油井的腐蚀问题，效果不佳。锌盐是很好的缓蚀剂，季铵盐是很好的杀菌剂。由于锌盐和季铵盐的配伍性不好，所以无法进行实际应用。申请人经过分析认为，季铵盐和锌盐的复配可以起到很好的缓蚀效果，相互间可以相互促进。经过大量的实验，申请人解决了二者在有效范围内的配伍性问题，二者混配对油田水的缓蚀有极好的增效作用，解决了现有技术存在的不可克服的难题，为油田稳定长期生产、降低生产成本提供了很好的技术支持。填补了国内乃至国际上在该领域的空白。
申请人也进行了专利文献检索，发现两篇相关专利文献：
1、一种新型杀菌缓蚀剂(CN104003528A)，包括如下组分：以组合物质量100％计算，喹啉与烷基叔铵的双季铵盐1～30％，烷基叔铵的双季铵盐1～30％，有机脲类化合物1～15％，有机胺化合物1～10％，烷基季铵盐1～20％，戊二醛1～10％，炔醇类1～10％，高级脂肪酰胺类衍生物1～10％，烷基酚聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯醚1～10％，其余为水；本发明能够控制油田生产油气水集输系统油井产出液不同油水比介质的腐蚀，加药量达到100mg/L时，缓蚀率可达到75％以上，腐蚀速率均能够控制在0.076mm/a以下，杀菌率均达到99％以上，解决了市场上缓蚀剂对油井产出液介质性质变化适应范围小，缓蚀率低，乳化影响破乳的问题，缓蚀剂不能控制介质细菌繁殖问题。
2、两性杀菌缓蚀剂(CN1418830)，由烷基季胺内盐、季胺卤化物、非离子表面活性剂、溶剂和水组成。该两性杀菌缓蚀剂，与常规杀菌灭藻剂相比，适用于工业循环冷却水和油田注水，对水中异氧菌(TGB)和硫酸盐还原菌(SRB)有良好的杀灭效果，对菌藻和生物粘泥具有极佳的剥离清洗作用并兼具缓蚀性能。
通过技术特征对比，上述两篇文献与本发明申请有本质的不同。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足之处，提供一种油田专用杀菌缓蚀剂，该杀菌缓蚀剂通过助剂使得锌盐、季铵盐这两种不相容的化合物混配到一起，并且产生了协同效应，得到了很好的缓蚀效果，适应于以硫化物和二氧化碳为去极化剂的水的杀菌缓蚀。
本发明实现目的的技术方案是：
一种油田专用杀菌缓蚀剂，其构成组分及重量百分比范围分别为：
锌盐10-20％；
季铵盐60-75％；
氨基磺酸5-10％；
醇类5％
所述锌盐、季铵盐、氨基磺酸和醇类的重量比成分之和在90％-95％之间，其余加水至100％。
而且，所述锌盐为七水硫酸锌或氯化锌。
而且，所述季铵盐为12-14碳的双季铵盐、十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵或聚季铵盐
而且，所述醇类为乙醇或异丙醇。
本发明的优点和积极效果是：
1、本杀菌缓蚀剂通过增效剂氨基磺酸可使锌盐、季铵盐混配到一起，并对油田水的杀菌、缓蚀具有极好的增效作用，得到油田的认可，并进行了现场试验，取得了很好的效果。
2、本杀菌缓蚀剂克服了以前油田做杀菌和缓蚀处理都要分别加入杀菌剂和缓蚀剂的繁琐过程，现在只要加入一份数量的药剂就可以达到更好的缓蚀性和杀菌性，降低了药剂的总的用量，减少了加药设备和加药环节，特别是油井的加药，使得加药的过程变得更为简单。
3、本杀菌缓蚀剂以锌盐和季铵盐为主剂的缓蚀杀菌剂，解决了锌盐和季铵盐配伍的问题，通过实验检测，该配方配伍性好，产品稳定，对硫酸还原菌的抑制效果好，对以硫化物和二氧化碳为主要腐蚀成分的油田水有良好的腐蚀抑制效果，专门用于油田的回注水、掺输水和油井。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施例对本发明作进一步详述，以下实施例只是描述性的，不是限定性的，不能以此限定本发明的保护范围。
一种油田专用杀菌缓蚀剂，其构成组分及重量百分比范围分别为：
锌盐10-20％；
季铵盐60-75％；
氨基磺酸5-10％；
醇类5％
其余加水至100％。
本实施例中，所述锌盐为七水硫酸锌或氯化锌。
本实施例中，所述季铵盐为12-14碳的双季铵盐、十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵，或者聚季铵盐
所述醇类为乙醇或者异丙醇。
本实施例的制备方法十分简单，将四种物料按照重量配比混合，即可成为杀菌缓蚀剂成品。
本发明的工作机理是
本发明属于吸附、渗透型杀菌剂，它能破坏细菌细胞壁的半透膜组织，并破坏细胞的辅酶及代谢物质，使蛋白变质，而引起细胞死亡。该杀菌剂通过吸附在细菌表面，影响细菌正常的新陈代谢而起杀菌作用，通常在碱性条件下具有最大的杀菌效果，对厌氧菌、铁细菌及硫酸盐还原菌杀灭效果显著。
本发明中的缓蚀剂成份可在水中迅速水解成活化离子，并优先参与金属表面的腐蚀反应，达到快速平衡金属缝隙内阴阳离子平衡的目的，从而使腐蚀速率等到有效抑制；同时，反应产物可与金属离子结合，形成难溶的屏蔽层，进一步起到缓蚀的作用。
本发明的两种主成分都有缓蚀作用，都是阴极缓蚀剂。锌盐在光滑的金属表面可以很好地成膜，但是没有渗透性；季铵盐恰恰具有良好的渗透性，同时也有一定的缓蚀性能；尤其是以十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵为代表的季铵盐杀菌剂属于阳离子杀菌剂，和所有的盐类都有盐析作用生成沉淀，特别是二价以上的盐，例如锌盐。加入氨基磺酸及乙醇、异丙醇的目的就是能使锌盐和季铵盐互溶，不产生盐析作用；加入乙醇或异丙醇的目的有两个，一个是增加上述化学品的互溶性，一个是降低产品的凝固点，增加流动性。
加入增效剂氨基磺酸及乙醇、异丙醇使锌盐、季铵盐二者产生了良好的缓蚀协同效应，特别适用于油井井下的无氧环境水系统的金属腐蚀抑制，用量少，起效迅速，对以硫化物和二氧化碳为主要腐蚀成分的油田水有良好的腐蚀抑制效果。
应用实例1：
构成组分及重量百分比分别为：
七水硫酸锌15％；
双季铵盐70％；
氨基磺酸5％；
乙醇5％
其余为水。
油田现场试验，腐蚀速率0.045mm/年，硫酸盐还原菌个数25个以下。
应用实例2：
氯化锌12％
十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵70％；
氨基磺酸8％；
异丙醇5％
其余为水。
油田现场试验，腐蚀速率0.035mm/年，硫酸盐还原菌数25个以下。
Claims (4)
1.一种油田专用杀菌缓蚀剂，其特征在于：其构成组分及重量百分比范围分别为：
锌盐10-20％；
季铵盐60-75％；
氨基磺酸5-10％；
醇类5％；
所述锌盐、季铵盐、氨基磺酸和醇类的重量比成分之和在90％-95％之间，其余加水至100％。
2.根据权利要求1所述的油田专用杀菌缓蚀剂，其特征在于：所述锌盐为七水硫酸锌或氯化锌。
3.根据权利要求1所述的油田专用杀菌缓蚀剂，其特征在于：所述季铵盐为12-14碳的双季铵盐、十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵或聚季铵盐。
4.根据权利要求1所述的油田专用杀菌缓蚀剂，其特征在于：所述醇类为乙醇或异丙醇。
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| US6932909B2 (en) * | 2002-01-15 | 2005-08-23 | Kroff Chemical Company, Inc. | Method of treating mine drainage |
| CN102583786A (zh) * | 2011-01-24 | 2012-07-18 | 童建国 | Njtj系列中央空调水处理药剂配方 |
| CN102826663A (zh) * | 2012-08-28 | 2012-12-19 | 甘肃蓝星清洗科技有限公司 | 一种阻垢缓蚀剂及其应用 |
| WO2014005861A1 (de) * | 2012-07-03 | 2014-01-09 | Basf Se | 1,3,5-triazine derivatives als korrosionsinhibitoren für metallischen|oberflächen |
| CN103834956A (zh) * | 2014-03-28 | 2014-06-04 | 上海工业锅炉研究所 | 一种用于由多种金属材料构成的家庭供暖系统的清洗剂及其制备方法 |
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| US6932909B2 (en) * | 2002-01-15 | 2005-08-23 | Kroff Chemical Company, Inc. | Method of treating mine drainage |
| CN102583786A (zh) * | 2011-01-24 | 2012-07-18 | 童建国 | Njtj系列中央空调水处理药剂配方 |
| WO2014005861A1 (de) * | 2012-07-03 | 2014-01-09 | Basf Se | 1,3,5-triazine derivatives als korrosionsinhibitoren für metallischen|oberflächen |
| CN102826663A (zh) * | 2012-08-28 | 2012-12-19 | 甘肃蓝星清洗科技有限公司 | 一种阻垢缓蚀剂及其应用 |
| CN103834956A (zh) * | 2014-03-28 | 2014-06-04 | 上海工业锅炉研究所 | 一种用于由多种金属材料构成的家庭供暖系统的清洗剂及其制备方法 |
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