CN104396781A - Porcupine breeding house and breeding method - Google Patents
Porcupine breeding house and breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104396781A CN104396781A CN201410773895.2A CN201410773895A CN104396781A CN 104396781 A CN104396781 A CN 104396781A CN 201410773895 A CN201410773895 A CN 201410773895A CN 104396781 A CN104396781 A CN 104396781A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
- A01K1/02—Pigsties; Dog-kennels; Rabbit-hutches or the like
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
Abstract
The invention provides a porcupine breeding house and a breeding method. By arranging female and male porcupine houses, female and male porcupines in a breeding season can be separated and independently raised, so that phenomenon of fighting of the female and male porcupines can be prevented; moreover, the porcupine breeding house and the breeding method disclosed by the invention can realize artificial propagation of the porcupines in a manner of one female porcupine lives with a plurality of female porcupines, so occurrence of infantophagia of the female porcupines is prevented, the farrowing rate and survival rate of the propagation of the porcupines are further increased, and thus the production efficiency of porcupine breeding is improved. The porcupine breeding house and the breeding method disclosed by the invention are simple, easy to implement, and easy to popularize and use.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cultural technique field, particularly relate to a kind of porcupine breeding house and propagation method.
Background technology
Porcupine, also known as porcupine, thorn pig, Zootaxy belongs to mammality, Rodentia, Hystricidae.Porcupine fine and tender taste, protein content is high, and fat content is low, and is rich in the several mineral materials such as calcium, phosphorus nutrient component, be no matter steam, boil, fried, or stew, pot, roasting etc., its taste is delicious, the unique flavor of delicate fragrance all, is first-class delicacies.Porcupine not only has higher edibility, but also has higher medical value.In addition, porcupine also has higher ornamental value, in each zoo, have exhibition; Porcupine quill also has certain technique and is worth.Therefore, porcupine is very by the favor of consumer.In recent years, the raising be worth along with porcupine culturing economic, cultivation porcupine has become one of selection that Increase Income of Peasant Households is got rich.
Because wild resource is fewer and feweri in recent years; and propagate artificially at the early-stage; therefore; cultivation porcupine is a new industry having bright prospects, and porcupine is the special cultivation animal of just having risen in recent years, and development is swift and violent; therefore; carry out the needs that porcupine breeding scale meets people's life, reduce the destruction of wild resource, protection wild stocks diversity and development Rural economy in the mountain area and realize sustainable development all there is certain meaning.Along with the raising of people's living standard, Meat Food Structure has a very large change, and people no longer meet several single carnivorous kinds such as pig, ox, sheep.At present, the porcupine meat in China coast city is in very great demand, and demand sharply increases, and porcupine is considered as nutrition, health treasure by the ground such as Guangzhou, Hong Kong, Macao, and existing market price has reached 180 yuan/about kg.Because porcupine breeding is comparatively slow, from wild resource and the quantity propagated artificially in the whole nation, development speed also far can not meet the needs of people.
The captive technology not yet full maturity of current porcupine, the domestication degree of porcupine is still in the primary stage, porcupine still remains stronger wild nature, in reproductive process, therefore still there is a lot of problem cause the situations such as the underproduction to occur, had influence on the actual benefit of pig farmer.
Document " different male and female proportioning is on the impact improving porcupine reproductive performance " is in (" economic animal journal " the 2nd phase in 2010), refer to that " disposition of porcupine is more irascible and bellicose; male and female proportioning is 1 male 3 female, 2 male 5 mothers, 3 male 4 mothers porcupines in feeding process fight mutually, strive food, to eat young phenomenon more serious; the male and female proportioning of these 3 kinds of schemes is improper for the breeding of porcupine, does not reach the economic benefit of expection.Result of the test shows: porcupine male and female proportioning be 1 male 2 mothers to raising porcupine reproductive performance and economic benefit the most desirable ".
But because porcupine has the relation of stronger wild nature, bellicose personality, how improving breeding farrowing rate, survival rate further, is the most key problem improving porcupine breeding benefit at present.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to above-mentioned problems of the prior art, provide a kind of porcupine breeding house and propagation method, further increasing porcupine breeding farrowing rate and survival rate, and the present invention is simple, is easy to promote the use of.
For realizing the object of the invention, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A porcupine breeding house, it is characterized in that: centered by a public porcupine room, two or more female porcupine rooms are established as a breeding group unit around male porcupine room; Be provided with the door passed through for porcupine in a breeding group unit between female porcupine room and male porcupine room, female porcupine room does not communicate with each other.
Further, in a described breeding group unit, female porcupine room is in a certain distance apart from one another.
Further, the door told between female porcupine room and male porcupine room be gate, the asymmetric setting of adjacent gate in a breeding group unit.
Further, described male porcupine room and female porcupine room are provided with water drinking tube, and water drinking tube is provided with tap; Described male porcupine room and female porcupine room are provided with discharge outlet, and outdoor, discharge outlet side is provided with drain ditch.
Present invention also offers the propagation method of a kind of porcupine, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
A. oestrus: the porcupine entering oestrus, raise single male and female porcupine indoor only putting into above-mentioned breeding house respectively according to male and female;
B. breed: male porcupine is caught up with and breeds respectively into the adjacent female porcupine indoor of same unit;
C. gestation: female porcupine is raised in female porcupine indoor separately;
D. lactation: young porcupine and single female porcupine are raised in female porcupine indoor;
E. wean: after young porcupine wean, young porcupine and female porcupine are separated.
Further, in described a. oestrus, the artificial means of following at least one are adopted to promote the sexual maturity to female porcupine:
A () hunger is promoted the sexual maturity: every porcupine only feeds half-full, and upset the endocrine system of pig, carry out excellent raising after hungry 3 ~ 5 days, excessive high nutrient fodder of feeding, makes porcupine free choice feeding;
B () migration is promoted the sexual maturity: female porcupine that will not oestrus is changed and raises and train in circle to another, or bull female porcupine that do not oestrus is merged into and samely raises and train in circle;
C () opposite sex is promoted the sexual maturity: within every 1 ~ 2 day, closed separately and to raise and train in circle 1 ~ 2 time same with joining the male porcupine planted and female porcupine of not oestrusing, each 30 ~ 60min;
D () nutrition is promoted the sexual maturity: adopt brown sugar or brown sugar doping to be brewed into congee without chaff cereal and to feed female porcupine.
Further, adopt feed to be combined into main feed with coarse food grain or plant block root or both, wherein one or more be auxiliary material for melon and fruit, green vegetables, green grass, plant roots and stems, and collocation copper, iron, zinc, phosphorus are micro-; For the female porcupine after breeding, what increase melon and fruit class feed every day in feed gradually throws something and feeds with replenishing vitamins, improves the ratio of protein feed, reduces the ratio of fats feed.
Further, in the described pregnancy duration, in every 1 ~ 2 day, divide after catching up with separately male porcupine indoor 1 ~ 2h with the female porcupine of unit 1 ~ 4 time, then come back former female porcupine room.
Further, in described lactation, be with two young porcupines to be one group with a female porcupine and raise; If female porcupine gives birth to more than three or three young porcupines, female porcupine that unnecessary young porcupine distributes to farrowing one immediately after farrowing is carried out lactation.
Further, in described weaning period, former male and female porcupine is shifted out breeding house, remaining young porcupine is raised, and the top of raising female porcupine room or the male porcupine room having young porcupine is covered shade, young porcupine is in dark surrounds and raises.
Applicant finds in raising porcupine process, because porcupine has the relation of stronger wild nature, bellicose personality, within whole breeding period, to put together between public porcupine and public porcupine the phenomenon that there will be and fight mutually, greatly have impact on the health status of public porcupine, therefore need between public porcupine to be separated from each other within breeding period.
Public porcupine throughout the year all can rutting, but spring and season in late fall rutting comparatively frequent.Porcupine mating physical demands is large, and feed intake increases, and poultry raiser according to situation determination scale of feeding of searching for food every day, and suitably improves the nutrition of protein and increases the scale of feeding of melon and fruit.Female porcupine oestruses without seasonal, can occur repeatedly oestrusing performance in each season, and female porcupine Comparison of Gardening Activities of oestrusing is frequent, and number of micturitions increases, anorexia.Mating stepmother porcupine disposition is more docile, does not like activity, and normal sleeping corner separately, appetite increases.What every day, scale of feeding increased melon and fruit class feed gradually throws something and feeds with replenishing vitamins, improves the content of protein in feed, reduces fat content, prevents female porcupine overfertilization and affect gestation, with the 2nd day morning surplus food for principle.According to bold and unconstrained swine rearing and rutting situation, improve rutting rate, reduce nonpregnant rate.In addition, the time in early spring is also noted that and the warming of column home prevents cold in the late spring, in order to avoid lower the temperature too fastly affect porcupine rutting.
Because now porcupine domestication degree is low, it is slow that wild porcupine oestruses, and adopt man-made drugs to promote the sexual maturity to be unfavorable for female porcupine conceived for next time, and affect female porcupine and young porcupine healthy, be improve farrowing rate, in the following way female porcupine promoted the sexual maturity:
A () hunger is promoted the sexual maturity: every porcupine only feeds half-full, and upset the endocrine system of pig, carry out excellent raising after hungry 3 ~ 5 days, excessive high nutrient fodder of feeding, makes porcupine free choice feeding;
B () migration is promoted the sexual maturity: female porcupine that will not oestrus is changed and raises and train in circle to another, or bull female porcupine that do not oestrus is merged into and samely raises and train in circle;
C () opposite sex is promoted the sexual maturity: every day closed separately and to raise and train in circle 1 ~ 2 time same with having joined the male porcupine planted and the female porcupine do not oestrused, each 30 ~ 60min;
D () nutrition is promoted the sexual maturity: adopt brown sugar to endure milled congee and to feed female porcupine.
In addition, applicant finds long-time raising in porcupine process, when porcupine male and female proportioning is 1 male 2 mother, two female porcupines are within mating season, the pregnancy duration and lactation, still there will be the phenomenon of fighting each other, eat young phenomenon also to happen occasionally, have impact on the reproduction rate of porcupine greatly, the benefit of raiser receives damage.
Discovery is studied through applicant, fight between female porcupine, eat young phenomenon be because the other side can be seen and smell each other with it with smell, containing pheromones in smell, therefore female porcupine there will be agitation, uneasy phenomenon, improve the aggressiveness of female porcupine, if poultry raiser does not slightly note, fighting between female porcupine, eat young phenomenon and just may have influence on farrowing rate, survival rate, reduce the economic benefit of raiser.
Therefore, the present invention is by arranging male and female porcupine room, and the mode that male and female porcupine is separately raised separately, has stopped the phenomenon generation that male and female porcupine fights completely.And female porcupine room is separated with certain distance to each other, the door being communicated with public porcupine room is unsymmetric structure, more unpleasant to the other side's smell between female porcupine, and also more difficultly observes the other side and exist.Therefore female porcupine mood within breeding period is comparatively stable, and the farrowing rate of breeding, survival rate are compared public for porcupine 12 maternal formulas to be housed in separately and be significantly improved together.And situation can be raised according to reality, the public many maternals formula breeding of application solutions 1.
After breeding, sow performs record according to Breeding date, conveniently monthly checks.If sow pregnancy can distinguish for one month, non-farrowing sow nipple only has small rice grain size, sow nipple size as soybean after conceived, and gloss is shinny, fertility cycle 90 ~ 100 days, and pregnant rear sow is separated to farrowing house.Pregnancy period, porcupine needs nutrition and energy the highest stage, is not only protein (amino acid), to other nutriments if the demand of heat, vitamin, mineral matter is all high-caliber.Pregnancy duration, parent has the ability of stronger storage nutriment, and its storage part is generally 1.5 ~ 2 times of fetus, and high reaches 4 times.The nutrition of this storage to childbirth stepmother porcupine is significant.In matrix composition, the protein of half and energy over half, calcium, phosphorus is about had to be increase within last 1/4 period of gestation.Female porcupine, within the pregnancy duration, keeps separating and raises, and avoids female porcupine and to fight each other the abortion phenomena occurred.
In addition, applicant finds in feeding process, after regularly female porcupine being arrived in male porcupine indoor coexistence a period of time, effectively can prevent the generation of female porcupine abortion phenomena, improve farrowing rate within female porcupine pregnancy duration.
In lactation, raise with the form that two young porcupines are a group with every only female porcupine, unnecessary young porcupine, more than female porcupine of two, is arranged into other female porcupine being less than two young porcupines indoor by farrowing amount.
In wild porcupine ecology, if when female porcupine gives birth to the young porcupine of more than three or three, can because the relation of oligotrophy, lactation secretion, the young porcupine that wherein physique is poor is often hungry lethal because not fighting for breast milk.Female porcupine, after fertility, by smell, confirms the mother-child relationship (MCR) with young porcupine.Therefore in artificial feeding, if when female porcupine gives birth to more than three or three young porcupines, after female porcupine fertility, immediately unnecessary young porcupine should be distributed to the female porcupine only giving birth to a young porcupine, prevent female porcupine from eating the generation of young phenomenon.
In weaning period, male porcupine and female porcupine are taken out of breeding house, only stay young porcupine to carry out artificial feeding in breeding house, effectively prevent young porcupine to go on a hunger strike the generation of phenomenon.Because of afraid of one's shadow when firm weanling piglet turns group, people shy with strangers, functions of intestines and stomach digestion is unsound, and Chang Yin does not eat food and dead.Adopt shade such as black cloth to cover top, male and female porcupine room, make young porcupine be in dark surrounds, young porcupine acts on because of dark, and activity and feed intake increase, period many soilings and soybean, conversion feeding habits normally till.And by raising young porcupine separately, impelling young porcupine and the mankind to form an attachment, being convenient to domestication.
Beneficial effect of the present invention shows:
One, invention increases farrowing rate, the survival rate of porcupine within breeding period, further increase porcupine culture benefit.
Two, this invention ensures that safe, healthy with a male how female form artificial propagation between breeding period of porcupine, and improve the emotional state of porcupine between breeding period, improve porcupine farrowing quality.
Three, present invention completely avoids the behavior of porcupine fight mutually between breeding period, and female porcupine eats the generation of young phenomenon, improves the survival rate of young porcupine.
Four, the present invention effectively reduces the abortion rate of female porcupine within breeding period, improves farrowing rate.
Five, present invention, avoiding and use man-made drugs to promote the sexual maturity to be unfavorable for that female porcupine is conceived for next time, therefore to have employed more scientific and reasonable multiple non-drug means and promote the sexual maturity, improve female porcupine and young porcupine health degree.
Six, the present invention is by reasonable distribution female porcupine lactation children porcupine quantity, and separates and raise, stopped the behavior that female porcupine is fought mutually, and female porcupine eats the generation of young phenomenon, improves the survival rate of young porcupine, substantially reaches 99%.
Seven, invention increases the survival rate after the wean of young porcupine, in conventional husbandry mode, young porcupine timidity after wean is easily frightened, and functions of intestines and stomach is unsound, and Chang Yin does not eat food and dead.The invention provides young porcupine and be in dark surrounds, young porcupine acts on because of dark, and activity and feed intake increase, and avoid the generation of phenomenon of going on a hunger strike.
Eight, the present invention is with low cost, manual operation is simple, and can be applied in the male how female form artificial propagation of multiple porcupine one according to actual conditions, has very strong generalization.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the perspective view of a kind of porcupine breeding of the present invention house embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of a kind of porcupine breeding of the present invention house embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is the perspective view of a kind of porcupine breeding of the present invention house embodiment 2.
Fig. 4 is the vertical view of a kind of porcupine breeding of the present invention house embodiment 3.
Fig. 5 is the vertical view of a kind of porcupine breeding of the present invention house embodiment 4.
In figure, 1 public porcupine room, 2 female porcupine rooms, 3 gates, 4 water drinking tubes, 5 taps, 6 discharge outlet, 7 drain ditchs, 8 passageways.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, 2, centered by a public porcupine room 1, left and right sets up two adjacent female porcupine rooms 2 to be that a breeding group unit sets up porcupine breeding house, is provided with 120 breeding group unit in breeding house; In a breeding group unit, female porcupine room 2 is in a certain distance apart from one another; The gate 3 passed through for porcupine is provided with between female porcupine room 2 and male porcupine room 1, the asymmetric setting each other of adjacent gate 3 in a breeding group unit; Before and after male and female porcupine outdoor, either side is provided with drain ditch 7, and side, front and back is all provided with the passageway 8 that people passes through; Male porcupine room 1 is provided with water drinking tube 4 and discharge outlet 6 with female porcupine room 2 towards side, drain ditch 7, and water drinking tube 4 is provided with the tap 5 for porcupine drinking-water.
Porcupine is raised and adopts enclosed breeding management.Porcupine breeding house is rectangle building, and brick structure, high 4 meters, length and width are depending on landform and cultivation scale.On porcupine breeding She Qiang, overhead 2 meters of eminences can establish multiple irregular ventilation hole, and 1 ㎡ can establish 5-6 to be advisable.Long 4 meters of breeding group unit in porcupine breeding house, wide 1.5 meters, high 1.2 meters, long 2 meters of public porcupine room, long 1 meter of female porcupine room, top is neither closed, for food of throwing something and feeding.The brick one-tenth in male and female porcupine room, cement flour milling.
A propagation method for porcupine, comprises the following steps:
A. oestrus: the porcupine entering oestrus, raise single male and female porcupine indoor only putting into above-mentioned breeding house respectively according to male and female;
B. breed: male porcupine is caught up with and breeds respectively into adjacent female porcupine indoor;
C. gestation: raised in female porcupine indoor separately by female porcupine, after every day female porcupine of same unit being caught up with separately the indoor certain hour of male porcupine, then comes back former female porcupine room;
D. lactation: young porcupine and single female porcupine are raised in female porcupine indoor, a female porcupine is with two young porcupines to be one group and raises, unnecessary young porcupine, more than female porcupine of two, is arranged into other female porcupine being less than two young porcupines indoor by farrowing amount;
E. wean: former male and female porcupine is taken out of breeding house, remaining young porcupine carries out artificial feeding; The top of raising female porcupine room or the male porcupine room having young porcupine is covered black cloth, young porcupine is in dark surrounds and raises.
Within above-mentioned a. oestrus, the artificial means of following at least one are adopted to promote the sexual maturity to female porcupine:
A () hunger is promoted the sexual maturity: every porcupine only feeds half-full, and upset the endocrine system of pig, carry out excellent raising after hungry 4 days, excessive high nutrient fodder of feeding, makes porcupine free choice feeding;
B () migration is promoted the sexual maturity: female porcupine that will not oestrus is changed and raises and train in circle to another, or bull female porcupine that do not oestrus is merged into and samely raises and train in circle;
C () opposite sex is promoted the sexual maturity: every day closed separately and to raise and train in circle 1 time same with having joined the male porcupine planted and the female porcupine do not oestrused, each 60min;
D () nutrition is promoted the sexual maturity: adopt brown sugar glutinous rice congee to feed female porcupine.
In whole breeding period, main feed is coarse food grain or the block roots such as Ipomoea batatas, potato, carrot, ternip, auxiliary material adopts the melons and fruits such as pumpkin, watermelon, cucumber, the leafiness dish such as fresh sweet potato vine, asparagus lettuce leaf, Chinese cabbage, water spinach, and Chinese silvergrass root, bamboo shoots and various fresh and tender green grass etc., collocation copper, iron, zinc, phosphorus trace element; For female porcupine of breeding, what increase melon and fruit class feed every day in feed gradually throws something and feeds with replenishing vitamins, improves the ratio of protein feed, reduces the ratio of fats feed.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 3, centered by a public porcupine room 1, left and right sets up two adjacent female porcupine rooms 2 to be that a breeding group unit sets up porcupine breeding house, is provided with 134 breeding group unit in breeding house; In a breeding group unit, female porcupine room 2 is in a certain distance apart from one another; Be provided with the gate 3 passed through for porcupine in a breeding group unit between female porcupine room 2 and male porcupine room 1, adjacent gate 3 is symmetrical arranged; Before and after male and female porcupine outdoor, either side is provided with drain ditch 7, and side, front and back is all provided with the passageway 8 that people passes through; Male porcupine room 1 is provided with water drinking tube 4 and discharge outlet 6 with female porcupine room 2 towards side, drain ditch 7, and water drinking tube 4 is provided with the tap 5 for porcupine drinking-water.
Porcupine is raised and adopts enclosed breeding management.Porcupine breeding house is rectangle building, and brick structure, high 3.8 meters, length and width are depending on landform and cultivation scale.On porcupine breeding She Qiang, overhead 2 meters of eminences can establish multiple irregular ventilation hole, and 1 ㎡ can establish 5-6 to be advisable.Long 4 meters of breeding group unit in porcupine breeding house, wide 1.8 meters, high 1.1 meters, long 1.8 meters of public porcupine room, long 1 meter of female porcupine room, top is neither closed, for food of throwing something and feeding.The brick one-tenth in male and female porcupine room, cement flour milling.
A propagation method for porcupine, comprises the following steps:
A. oestrus: the porcupine entering oestrus, raise single male and female porcupine indoor only putting into above-mentioned breeding house respectively according to male and female;
B. breed: male porcupine is caught up with and breeds respectively into adjacent female porcupine indoor;
C. gestation: raised in female porcupine indoor separately by female porcupine, after every day female porcupine of same unit being caught up with separately the indoor certain hour of male porcupine, then comes back former female porcupine room;
D. lactation: young porcupine and single female porcupine are raised in female porcupine indoor, a female porcupine is with two young porcupines to be one group and raises, unnecessary young porcupine, more than female porcupine of two, is arranged into other female porcupine being less than two young porcupines indoor by farrowing amount;
E. wean: former male and female porcupine is taken out of breeding house, remaining young porcupine carries out artificial feeding; The top of raising female porcupine room or the male porcupine room having young porcupine is covered black cloth, young porcupine is in dark surrounds and raises.
Within above-mentioned a. oestrus, the artificial means of following at least one are adopted to promote the sexual maturity to female porcupine:
A () hunger is promoted the sexual maturity: every porcupine only feeds half-full, and upset the endocrine system of pig, carry out excellent raising after hungry 5 days, excessive high nutrient fodder of feeding, makes porcupine free choice feeding;
B () migration is promoted the sexual maturity: female porcupine that will not oestrus is changed and raises and train in circle to another, or bull female porcupine that do not oestrus is merged into and samely raises and train in circle;
C () opposite sex is promoted the sexual maturity: every day closed separately and to raise and train in circle 2 times same with having joined the male porcupine planted and the female porcupine do not oestrused, each 30min;
D () nutrition is promoted the sexual maturity: adopt brown sugar milled congee to feed female porcupine.
In whole breeding period, main feed is coarse food grain or the block roots such as corn, soybean, ternip, and auxiliary material adopts the melons and fruits such as pumpkin, watermelon, cucumber, the leafiness dish such as fresh sweet potato vine, asparagus lettuce leaf, Chinese cabbage, water spinach, and bitter bamboo shoot and various fresh and tender green grass etc., collocation copper, iron, zinc, phosphorus trace element; For female porcupine of breeding, what increase melon and fruit class feed every day in feed gradually throws something and feeds with replenishing vitamins, improves the ratio of protein feed, reduces the ratio of fats feed.
Embodiment 3
As shown in Figure 4, centered by a public porcupine room 1, upper three faces, left and right set up three adjacent female porcupine rooms 2 to be that a breeding group unit sets up porcupine breeding house, and adjacent breeding group unit is that reverse graft is connected, and is provided with 80 breeding group unit in breeding house; In a breeding group unit, female porcupine room 2 is in a certain distance apart from one another; The gate 3 passed through for porcupine is provided with between female porcupine room 2 and male porcupine room 1, the asymmetric setting each other of adjacent gate 3 in a breeding group unit; Male and female porcupine outdoor is provided with drain ditch, and the passageway 8 that people passes through; Male porcupine room 1 is provided with water drinking tube and discharge outlet with adjacent drainage channel ditch side, female porcupine room 2, and water drinking tube is provided with the tap for porcupine drinking-water.
A propagation method for porcupine, comprises the following steps:
A. oestrus: the porcupine entering oestrus, raise single male and female porcupine indoor only putting into above-mentioned breeding house respectively according to male and female;
B. breed: male porcupine is caught up with and breeds respectively into adjacent female porcupine indoor;
C. gestation: raised in female porcupine indoor separately by female porcupine, after every day female porcupine of same unit being caught up with separately the indoor certain hour of male porcupine, then comes back former female porcupine room;
D. lactation: young porcupine and single female porcupine are raised in female porcupine indoor, a female porcupine is with two young porcupines to be one group and raises, unnecessary young porcupine, more than female porcupine of two, is arranged into other female porcupine being less than two young porcupines indoor by farrowing amount;
E. wean: former male and female porcupine is taken out of breeding house, remaining young porcupine carries out artificial feeding; The top of raising female porcupine room or the male porcupine room having young porcupine is covered black plastic film, opens the ventilation of several hole above, young porcupine is in dark surrounds and raises.
Within above-mentioned a. oestrus, the artificial means of following at least one are adopted to promote the sexual maturity to female porcupine:
A () hunger is promoted the sexual maturity: every porcupine only feeds half-full, and upset the endocrine system of pig, carry out excellent raising after hungry 3 days, excessive high nutrient fodder of feeding, makes porcupine free choice feeding;
B () migration is promoted the sexual maturity: female porcupine that will not oestrus is changed and raises and train in circle to another, or bull female porcupine that do not oestrus is merged into and samely raises and train in circle;
C () opposite sex is promoted the sexual maturity: within every 2 days, closed separately and to raise and train in circle 1 time same with joining the male porcupine planted and female porcupine of not oestrusing, each 60min;
D () nutrition is promoted the sexual maturity: adopt brown sugar Chinese sorghum congee to feed female porcupine.
In whole breeding period, main feed is coarse food grain or the block roots such as Ipomoea batatas, soybean, carrot, ternip, and auxiliary material adopts the melon and fruit such as pumpkin, cucumber, the leafiness dish such as fresh sweet potato vine, asparagus lettuce leaf, Chinese cabbage, water spinach, and bamboo shoots and various fresh and tender green grass etc., collocation copper, iron, zinc, phosphorus trace element; For female porcupine of breeding, what increase melon and fruit class feed every day in feed gradually throws something and feeds with replenishing vitamins, improves the ratio of protein feed, reduces the ratio of fats feed.
Embodiment 4
As shown in Figure 5, centered by a public porcupine room 1, it is that a breeding group unit sets up porcupine breeding house that the southeast, northeast, northwest, southwest are provided with four adjacent female porcupine rooms 2, is provided with 40 breeding group unit in breeding house; The passageway 8 that in a breeding group unit, female porcupine room 2 is passed through with people is each other separated by; The gate 3 passed through for porcupine is provided with between female porcupine room and male porcupine room in a breeding group unit; The outdoor either side of male and female porcupine is provided with drain ditch; Male porcupine room and adjacent drainage channel ditch side, female porcupine room are provided with water drinking tube and discharge outlet, and water drinking tube is provided with the tap for porcupine drinking-water.
A propagation method for porcupine, comprises the following steps:
A. oestrus: the porcupine entering oestrus, raise single male and female porcupine indoor only putting into above-mentioned breeding house respectively according to male and female;
B. breed: male porcupine is caught up with and breeds respectively into adjacent female porcupine indoor;
C. gestation: raised in female porcupine indoor separately by female porcupine, after every day female porcupine of same unit being caught up with separately the indoor certain hour of male porcupine, then comes back former female porcupine room;
D. lactation: young porcupine and single female porcupine are raised in female porcupine indoor, a female porcupine is with two young porcupines to be one group and raises, unnecessary young porcupine, more than female porcupine of two, is arranged into other female porcupine being less than two young porcupines indoor by farrowing amount;
E. wean: former male and female porcupine is taken out of breeding house, remaining young porcupine carries out artificial feeding; The top of raising female porcupine room or the male porcupine room having young porcupine is covered cardboard, young porcupine is in dark surrounds and raises.
Within above-mentioned a. oestrus, the artificial means of following at least one are adopted to promote the sexual maturity to female porcupine:
A () hunger is promoted the sexual maturity: every porcupine only feeds half-full, and upset the endocrine system of pig, carry out excellent raising after hungry 4 days, excessive high nutrient fodder of feeding, makes porcupine free choice feeding;
B () migration is promoted the sexual maturity: female porcupine that will not oestrus is changed and raises and train in circle to another, or bull female porcupine that do not oestrus is merged into and samely raises and train in circle;
C () opposite sex is promoted the sexual maturity: within every 2 days, closed separately and to raise and train in circle 2 times same with joining the male porcupine planted and female porcupine of not oestrusing, each 30min;
D () nutrition is promoted the sexual maturity: adopt brown sugar to feed female porcupine.
In whole breeding period, main feed is corn, and auxiliary material adopts pumpkin, bitter bamboo shoot, collocation copper, iron, zinc, phosphorus trace element; For female porcupine of breeding, what increase melon and fruit class feed every day in feed gradually throws something and feeds with replenishing vitamins, improves the ratio of protein feed, reduces the ratio of fats feed.
Claims (10)
1. a porcupine breeding house, it is characterized in that: centered by a public porcupine room, two or more female porcupine rooms are established as a breeding group unit around male porcupine room; Be provided with the door passed through for porcupine in a breeding group unit between female porcupine room and male porcupine room, female porcupine room does not communicate with each other.
2. a kind of porcupine breeding house according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in a described breeding group unit, female porcupine room is in a certain distance apart from one another.
3. a kind of porcupine breeding house according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the door told between female porcupine room and male porcupine room be gate, the asymmetric setting of adjacent gate in a breeding group unit.
4. a kind of porcupine breeding house according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described male porcupine room and female porcupine room are provided with water drinking tube, and water drinking tube is provided with tap; Described male porcupine room and female porcupine room are provided with discharge outlet, and outdoor, discharge outlet side is provided with drain ditch.
5. a propagation method for porcupine, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
A. oestrus: the porcupine entering oestrus, raise single male and female porcupine indoor only putting into above-mentioned breeding house respectively according to male and female;
B. breed: male porcupine is caught up with and breeds respectively into the adjacent female porcupine indoor of same unit;
C. gestation: female porcupine is raised in female porcupine indoor separately;
D. lactation: young porcupine and single female porcupine are raised in female porcupine indoor;
E. wean: after young porcupine wean, young porcupine and female porcupine are separated.
6. the propagation method of a kind of porcupine according to claim 5, is characterized in that: in described a. oestrus, adopt the artificial means of following at least one to promote the sexual maturity to female porcupine that do not oestrus:
A () hunger is promoted the sexual maturity: every porcupine only feeds half-full, and carry out excellent raising after hungry 3 ~ 5 days, excessive high nutrient fodder of feeding, makes porcupine free choice feeding;
B () migration is promoted the sexual maturity: female porcupine that will not oestrus is changed and raises and train in circle to another, or bull female porcupine that do not oestrus is merged into and samely raises and train in circle;
C () opposite sex is promoted the sexual maturity: within every 1 ~ 2 day, closed separately and to raise and train in circle 1 ~ 2 time same with joining the male porcupine planted and female porcupine of not oestrusing, each 30 ~ 60min;
D () nutrition is promoted the sexual maturity: adopt brown sugar or brown sugar doping to be brewed into congee without chaff cereal and to feed female porcupine.
7. the propagation method of a kind of porcupine according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: adopt feed to be combined into main feed with coarse food grain or plant block root or both, wherein one or more are auxiliary material for melon and fruit, green vegetables, green grass, plant roots and stems, collocation copper, iron, zinc, phosphorus trace element; For the female porcupine after breeding, what increase melon and fruit class feed every day in feed gradually throws something and feeds with replenishing vitamins, improves the ratio of protein feed, reduces the ratio of fats feed.
8. the propagation method of a kind of porcupine according to claim 5, is characterized in that: in the described c. pregnancy duration, in every 1 ~ 2 day, after point catching up with separately male porcupine indoor 1 ~ 2h with the female porcupine of unit 1 ~ 4 time, then came back former female porcupine room.
9. the propagation method of a kind of porcupine according to claim 5, is characterized in that: in described d. lactation, be with two young porcupines to be one group raise with a female porcupine; If female porcupine gives birth to more than three or three young porcupines, female porcupine that unnecessary young porcupine distributes to farrowing one immediately after farrowing is carried out lactation.
10. the propagation method of a kind of porcupine according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: in described e. weaning period, former male and female porcupine is shifted out breeding house, remaining young porcupine is raised, the top of raising female porcupine room or the male porcupine room having young porcupine is covered shade, young porcupine is in dark surrounds and raises.
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| CN104396781B (en) | 2016-05-25 |
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